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Family tree of Japanese monarchs

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The following is a family tree of the Emperors of Japan, from the legendary Emperor Jimmu to the present day.

Modern scholars have come to question the existence of at least the first nine Emperors; Kōgen's descendant, Emperor Sujin (98 BC–30 BC?), is the first for which many agree that he might have actually existed.[1] These monarchs are regarded by historians as "legendary emperors", since there are insufficient material available for further verification and study.[2]

The reign of Emperor Kimmei (509?–571 AD), the 29th Emperor,[3] is the first for which the contemporary historiography is able to assign verifiable dates.[4] However, the conventionally accepted names and dates of the early Emperors were not to be confirmed as "traditional" until the reign of Emperor Kammu (737–806), the 50th sovereign of the Yamato dynasty.[5]

SHINTO
DEITIES

(legendary
genealogy)
[6]
Izanagi[7] Izanami[8]
Takagi
no kami[9]
Amaterasu[10] Ōyamatsumi[11] Watatsumi[12] Susanoo[13]
Yorozuhata
-hime[14]
Ame no
Oshihomimi[15]
Ninigi[16] Konohana
Sakuyahime
[17]
Hohodemi
(Hoori)
[18]
Toyotama
-hime
[19]
Mizokui[20]
son or 6th-generation
descendant
Ugayafu
-kiaezu
[21]
Tamayori
-hime[22]
Ōkuninushi[23]
(Ōnamuchi)[24]
Seyadatara
-hime

JAPANESE
EMPERORS
Kamu-yamato
iware-biko

711–585 BC

Jimmu
660–585 BC(1)
Isukeyori
-hime[25]

Suizei
581–549 BC(2)

Annei
549–511 BC(3)

Itoku
510–476 BC(4)

Kōshō
475–393 BC(5)

Kōan
392–291 BC(6)

Kōrei
290–215 BC(7)
Igashikome
Kōgen
214–158 BC(8)
Hikofutsuoshi
no Makoto

Kaika
157–98 BC(9)

Sujin
97–30 BC(10)
Hikoimasu
son or grandson
Takenouchi
no Sukune
Yasaka Iribiko
Suinin
29BC–70AD(11)
Yamashiro
no Ōtsutsuki
Mawaka
Yasaka Iribime
Keikō
71–130(12)
Kanime
Ikazuchi
Soga no
Ishikawa
Sukune

Seimu
131–191(13)
Ioki Iribiko Yamato Takeru Futaji Irihime Okinaga
no Sukune
Soga
no Machi
Homuda
Mawaka

Chūai
192–200(14)

Jingū
200–270
Nakatsu Hime 200–310

Ōjin
270–310(15)
Soga
no Karako

Nintoku
313–399(16)
Wakanuke
no Kimi

Richū
400–405(17)

Hanzei
406–410(18)

Ingyō
411–453(19)
Oshisaka
no Hime
Ohohoto
no Kimi
Soga
no Koma
Ichinobe
no Oshiwa

Ankō
453–456(20)
418–479

Yūryaku
456–479(21)
Ohi
no Kimi
449–487

Kenzō
484–487(23)

Ninken
488–498(24)

Seinei
480–484(22)
Ushi
no Kimi
489–507

Buretsu
498–507(25)
Tashiraka
Keitai
507–531(26)
Soga
no Iname

506?-570
Tachibana 467–539

Senka
536–539(28)
465–536

Ankan
531–536(27)
Soga
no Umako

551? -626
Iwa-hime 509–571

Kimmei
539–571(29)
Soga no
Kitashihime
Soga no
Oanenokimi
Hiro Hime
?-575
Unako
no Otoshi
538–585

Bidatsu
572–585(30)
554–628

Suiko
593–628(33)
Prince
Sakurawi
560-587?

Yōmei
585–587(31)
Anahobe no
Hashihito

Sushun
587–592(32)
Soga no
Kuramaro
Oshisako no Oe
b.556
Nukate Hime
b. 570
Chinu no Okimi Kibi Hime
Soga no
Murajiko
593–641

Jomei
629–641(34)
594–661

Kōgyoku
642–645(35)
Saimei
654–661(37)
596–654

Kōtoku
645–654(36)
Soga
no Masako
Fujiwara
no Fuhito

659–720
626–671

Tenji
661–671(38)
Yamato Hime
no Ōkimi
648–672

Kōbun
671–672(39)
Princess Tōchi
≈648/653–678
645–701

Jitō

686–697(41)
631–686

Temmu
672–686(40)
Fujiwara
no Fusasaki

681–737
Shiki 661–721

Gemmei
707–715(43)
Kusakabe
662–689
Prince Toneri
676–735
Fujiwara
no Miyako
?-754
683–707

Mommu
697–707(42)
680–748

Genshō
715–724(44)
733–765

Junnin
758–764(47)
Fujiwara
no Matate

715–766
Empress
Kōmyō

701–760
701–756

Shōmu
724-749(45)
718–770

Kōken
749–758(46)
Shōtoku
764–770(48)
Princess Inoe
(Ikami)
717–775
709–782

Kōnin
770–781(49)
Takano
no Niigasa

d. 790
Fujiwara
no Uchimaro

756–812
Sakahito
754–829
Yamabe 737–806

Kammu
781–806(50)
Fujiwara
no Otomuro

760–790
Fujiwara
no Fuyutsugu

775–826
Asahara
779–817
Ate 774–824

Heizei
806–809(51)
Kamino 786–842

Saga I
809–823(52)
Tachibana
no Kachiko

786–850
Princess
Koshi
789–809
Ōtomo 786–840

Junna
(Sai I)
823–833(53)
Fujiwara
no Nagara

802–856
Fujiwara
no Yoshifusa

804–872
Minamoto
no Kiyohime
810–856
Fujiwara
no Nobuko
809–871
Masara 810–850

Ninmyō
(Fukakusa I)
833–850(54)
Princess
Seishi

810–879
Fujiwara
no Akirakeiko
829–899
Michiyasu 827–858

Montoku
850–858(55)
Tokiyasu 830–887

Kōkō
(Komatsu I)
884–887(58)
Fujiwara
no Mototsune

836–891
Fujiwara
no Takaiko
842–910
Korehito 850–880

Seiwa
(Mizunoo I)
858–876(56)
Sadami 867–931

Uda I
887–897(59)
Fujiwara
no Tadahira

880–949
Sadaakira 869–949

Yōzei I
876–884(57)
Fujiwara
no Onshi

885–954
Atsuhito 885–930

Daigo I
897–930(60)
Prince
Atsumi
893-967
Kōshi
919-957
Fujiwara
no Morosuke

909–960
Fujiwara
no Kinsue

957–1029
Fujiwara
no Koretada

924-972
Yutaakira 923–952

Suzaku I
930–946(61)
Fujiwara
no Anshi

927–964
Nariakira 926–967

Murakami I
946–967(62)
Fujiwara
no Kaneie

929–990
Minamoto
no Masanobu
Fujiwara
no Kaishi
945–975
Norihira 950–1011

Reizei I
967–969(63)
Princess
Masako

950–1000
Fujiwara
no Chōshi
?–982
Morihira 959–991

En'yū I
969–984(64)
Fujiwara
no Senshi
962-1002
Fujiwara
no Michinaga

966–1028
Minamoto
no Rinshi
Fujiwara
no Sanenari
975–1004
Morohada 968–1008

Kazan
984–986(65)
Iyasada 976–1017

Sanjō I
1011–1016(67)
Fujiwara
no Kenshi

994–1027
Fujiwara
no Shōshi

988–1074
Kanehito 980–1011

Ichijō I
986–1011(66)
Fujiwara
no Teishi

977–1001
Fujiwara
no Kinnari
Princess
Teishi

1013–1094
Fujiwara
no Genshi

1016–1039
Atsunaga 1009–1045

Suzaku II
1036–1045(69)
Fujiwara
no Kishi
1007–1025
Atsuhira 1008–1036

Ichijō II
1016–1036(68)
Fujiwara
no Ishi

999–1036
Fujiwara
Shigeko
?-1062
Takahito 1034–1073

Sanjō II
1068–1073(71)
Princess
Kaoruko

1029–1093
Chikahito 1025–1068

Reizei II
1045–1068(70)
Princess
Akiko
{Shōshi}

1027–1105
Fujiwara
no Kanshi

1021–1102
Fujiwara
no Hiroko

1036–1127
Fujiwara
no Sanesue
Sadahito 1053–1129

Shirakawa I
1073–1087(72)
Fujiwara
no Kenshi

1057–1084
Fujiwara
no Kinzane
Fujiwara
no Ishi
1076–1103
Taruhito 1079–1107

Horikawa I
1087–1107(73)
Princess
Tokushi

1060–1114
Fujiwara
no Michisue
Tokudaiji
Saneyoshi
Fujiwara
no Nariko

1117–1160
Munehito 1103–1156

Toba I
1107–1123(74)
Fujiwara
no Tamako

1101–1145
Fujiwara
no Yasuko

1095–1156
Fujiwara
no Kinmichi
Tokudaiji
Kinyoshi
Masahito 1127–1192

Shirakawa II
1155–1158(77)
Fujiwara no
Kinshi

1134–1209
Akihito 1119–1164

Sutoku
1123–1142(75)
Fujiwara
no Kiyoko

1121–1182
Taira
no Kiyomori

1118–1181
Fujiwara
no Sanemune
Morihito 1143–1165

Nijō
1158–1165(78)
Fujiwara
Masuko
1140–1201
Narihito 1139–1155

Konoe
1142–1155(76)
Fujiwara
no Shimeko

1131–1176
Fujiwara
no Tashi

1140–1202
Norihito 1161–1181

Takakura
1168–1180(80)
Taira
no Tokuko

1155–1213
Saionji
Kintsune
Yorihito 1164–1176

Rokujō
1165–1168(79)
Takahura 1180–1239

Toba II
1185–1198(82)
Kujō Ninshi
1173–1239
Prince
Morisada
1179-1223
Tokihito 1178–1185

Antoku
1180–1185(81)
Tōin Saneo Saionji Saneuji Fujiwara
no Reishi

1185–1243
Tamehito 1196–1231

Tsuchimikado I
1198–1210(83)
Morinari 1197–1242

Juntoku
1210–1221(84)
Fujiwara
no Ritsushi

1192–1248
Yutahito 1212–1234

Horikawa II
1221–1232(86)
Fujiwara
no Shunshi

1209–1233
Saionji
Kitsushi

1225–1292
Kunihito 1220–1272

Saga II
1242–1246(88)
Kanenari 1218–1234

Chūkyō
1221(85)
Mitsuhito 1231–1242

Shijō
1232–1242(87)
Tōin Inshi Hisahito 1243–1304

Fukakusa II
1246–1260(89)
Saionji
(Fujiwara)
no Kimiko

1232–1304
Tōin
no Saneko

1245–1272
Tsunehito 1249–1305

Kameyama I
1260–1274(90)
Fujiwara
no Kishi

1252–1318
Prince
Munetaka

1242–1274
Shogun:
1252–1266
Tōin Sueko Hirohito 1265–1317

Fushimi I
1287–1298(92)
Prince Hisaaki
1279–1308
Shogun:
1289–1308
Reishi Yohito 1267–1324

Uda II
1274–1287(91)
Prince
Koreyasu

1264–1326
Shogun:
1266–1289
Tomihito 1297–1348

Hanazono I
1308–1318(95)
Tanehito 1288–1336

Fushimi II
1298–1301(93)
Prince Morikuni
1301–1333
Shogun:
1308–1333
Takaharu 1288–1339

Daigo II
1318–1339(96)
Saionji
no Kishi

1303–1333
Kuniharo 1285–1308

Nijō II
1301–1308(94)
Fujiwara
no Kinshi

1271–1342
Yutahito 1322–1380

Kōmyō I
1336–1348
Kazuhito 1313–1348

Kōgon I
1332–1334
Princess
Junshi

1311–1337
Noriyoshi 1328–1368

Murakami II
1339–1368(97)
Prince
Moriyoshi

1308–1335
Shogun:
1333–1334
Prince Narinaga
1326–1338/1344
Shogun:
1334–1338
Prince
Tsunenaga

1324–1338
Price
Munenaga

1311–?
Prince
Kaneyoshi

≈1329-1383
Okihito 1334–1398

Sukō
1348–1351
Iyahito 1336–1374

Kōgon II
1352–1371
Yutanari 1343–1394

Chōkei
1368–1383(98)
Hironari 1347–1424

Kameyama II
1383–1392(99)
Yoshihito
shinnō
1351–1416
Ohito 1359–1393

En'yū II
1371–1382
Key: Northern
Pretender

Legitimate
Emperor
Sadafusa
shinnō
1372–1456
Motohito 1377–1433

Komatsu II
1382–1392
1392–1412(100)
Mihito 1401–1428

Shōkō
1412–1428(101)
Hikohito 1419–1471

Hanazono II
1428–1464(102)
Fushimi
Sadatsune
1426–1474
Fusahito 1442–1500

Tsuchimikado II
1464–1500(103)
Fushimi
Kunitaka
1456–1532
Katsuhito 1464–1526

Kashiwabara II
1500–1526(104)
Fushimi
Sadaatsu
1488–1572
Tomohito 1497–1557

Nara II
1526–1557(105)
Fushimi
Kunisuke
1513–1563
Michihito 1517–1593

Ōgimachi
1557–1586(106)
Fushimi
Kuninobu
1566–1622
Prince Masahito
1552–1586
Fushimi
Sadakiyo
1596–1654
Tokugawa
Hidetada

1579–1632
Shogun: 1605–1623
Kazuhito 1572–1617

Yōzei II
1586–1611(107)
Fushimi
Sadayuki
1632–1694
Tokugawa
Masako

1607–1678
Kokohito 1596–1680

Mizunoo II
1611–1629(108)
Okiko 1624–1696

Meishō
1629–1643(109)
Tsuguhito 1633–1654

Kōmyō II
1643–1654(110)
Nagahito 1638–1685

Sai II
1655–1663(111)
Satohito 1654–1732

Reigen
1663–1687(112)
Takatsukasa
Fusako

1653–1712
Kujō
Sukezane

1669–1729
Masuko Asahito 1675–1710

Higashiyama
1687–1709(113)
Princess
Yukiko

1680–1720
Yoshiko
1714–1758
Fushimi
Kuninaga
1676–1726
Kujō Yukinori
1700–1728
Naohito shinnō
1704–1753
Yashuhito 1702–1737

Nakamikado
1709–1735(114)
Nijō Munemoto
1727–1754
Teruhito 1720–1750

Sakuramachi I
1735–1747(115)
Fujimi
Sadatake
Sukehito
shinnō
1733–1794
Toohito 1741–1762

Momozono I
1747–1762(116)
Toshiko 1740–1813

Sakuramachi II
1762–1771(117)
Nijō Harutaka
1754–1826
Hidehito 1758–1779

Momozono II
1771–1779(118)
Fushimi
Kuniyori
Kajyūji Tadako Morohito 1771–1840

Kōkaku
1780–1817(119)
Princess
Yoshiko

1779–1846
Kujō Hisatada
1798–1871
Ayahito 1800–1846

Ninkō
1817–1846(120)
Ōgimachi
Naoko

1803–1856
Fushimi
Sadayuki
Empress
Eishō

1835–1897
Osahito 1831–1867

Kōmei
1846–1867(121)
Nakayama
Yoshiko

1836–1907
Fushimi
Kuniye
Kujō Michitaka
1839–1906
Yanagihara
Naruko

1859–1943
Mutsuhito 1852–1912

Meiji
1867–1912(122)
Empress
Shōken

1849–1914
Kuni Asahiko
Empress
Teimei

1884–1951
Yoshihito 1879–1926

Taishō
1912–1926(123)
Kuni Kuniyoshi Prince
Naruhiko
Higashikuni

1887–1990
Kikuko,
Tokugawa

1911–2004
Nobuhito,
Prince
Takamatsu

1905–1987
Setsuko
Matsudaira

1909–1995
Yasuhito,
Prince
Chichibu

1902–1953
Hirohito 1901–1989

Shōwa
1926–1989(124)
Empress
Kōjun

1903–2000
Takahito,
Prince Mikasa

1915-
Yuriko
Takagi

1923-
Takatsukasa
Toshimichi

1923–1966
Kazuko,
Princess Taka

1929–1989
Takamasa
Ikeda
1926–2012
Atsuko,
Princess Yori

1931-
Sachiko
Princess Hisa

1927–1928
Takako,
Princess Suga

1939–?
Hisanaga
Shimazu
1934-
Shigeko
Princess Teru

1925–1961
Morihiro
Higashikuni

1916–1969
b. 1934
Empress
Michiko
Akihito b. 1933

The Present
Emperor

1989–(125)
Masahito,
Prince Hitachi

1935-
Hanako
Tsugaru

1940-
Yoshihito,
Prince
Katsura

1948–2014
Princess
Yasuko
of Mikasa

1944-
Tadateru
Konoe

1939-
b. 1963
Crown Princess
Masako
b. 1960
Crown Prince
Naruhito
b. 1965
Fumihito
Prince Akishino
b. 1966
Kiko
Princess
Akishino
b. 1969
Sayako,
Princess
Nori
Yoshiki
Kuroda
1965-
Prince
Tomohito
of Mikasa

1946–2012
Nobuko Asō
1955-
Norihito,
Prince
Takamado

1954–2002
Hisako
Tottori

1953-
b. 2001
Aiko
Princess Toshi
b. 1991
Princess Mako
of Akishino
b. 1994
Princess Kako
of Akishino
b. 2006
Prince Hisahito
of Akishino
Princess Akiko
of Mikasa

1981-
Princess Yōko
of Mikasa

1983-
Princess
Tsuguko
of Takamado

1986-
Princess
Ayako
of Takamado

1990-
Princess
Noriko
of Takamado

1988-
Kunimaro
Senge
1973-

References

General
  • "Genealogy of the Emperors of Japan". Imperial Household Agency. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-03-30. Retrieved 2011-03-30.
Specific
  1. ^ Yoshida, Reiji. "Life in the Cloudy Imperial Fishbowl," Japan Times. March 27, 2007; retrieved 2013-8-22.
  2. ^ Kelly, Charles F. "Kofun Culture," Japanese Archaeology. April 27, 2009.
  3. ^ Titsingh, pp. 34–36; Brown, pp. 261–262; Varley, pp. 123–124.
  4. ^ Hoye, Timothy. (1999). Japanese Politics: Fixed and Floating Worlds, p. 78; excerpt, "According to legend, the first Japanese Emperor was Jimmu. Along with the next 13 Emperors, Jimmu is not considered an actual, historical figure. Historically verifiable Emperors of Japan date from the early sixth century with Kimmei.
  5. ^ Aston, William. (1896). Nihongi, pp. 109.
  6. ^ Rotermund, Hartmut O., ed. (2000). "Généalogie des kami". Religions, croyances et traditions populaires du Japon (in French). Paris: Maisonneuve & Larose. p. 117. ISBN 978-87-06-81432-9. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |trans_chapter= ignored (|trans-chapter= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help)
  7. ^ Atsushi, Kadoya (20 October 2005). "Izanagi". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
  8. ^ Atsushi, Kadoya; Tatsuya, Yumiyama (12 March 2005). "Izanami". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
  9. ^ Mizue, Mori (10 May 2005). "Takamimusuhi". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
  10. ^ Mizue, Mori (15 March 2006). "Amaterasu". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
  11. ^ Kaoru, Nakayama (7 May 2005). "Ōyamatsumi". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
  12. ^ Kaoru, Nakayama (13 May 2005). "Watatsumi". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
  13. ^ Atsushi, Kadoya (10 May 2005). "Susanoo". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
  14. ^ Mizue, Mori (13 May 2005). "Yorozuhatahime". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
  15. ^ Kazuhiko, Nishioka (21 April 2005). "Amenooshihomimi". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
  16. ^ Mizue, Mori; Tatsuya, Yumiyama (6 May 2005). "Ninigi". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
  17. ^ Mizue, Mori (28 April 2005). "Konohanasakuyahime". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
  18. ^ Mizue, Mori (22 April 2005). "Hohodemi". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
  19. ^ Mizue, Mori (10 May 2005). "Toyotamabime". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
  20. ^ Kazuhiko, Nishioka (6 May 2005). "Mizokui". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
  21. ^ Mizue, Mori (12 May 2005). "Ugayafukiaezu". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
  22. ^ Mizue, Mori (10 May 2005). "Tamayoribime". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
  23. ^ Atsushi, Kadoya; Tatsuya, Yumiyama (20 October 2005). "Ōkuninushi". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
  24. ^ Atsushi, Kadoya (21 April 2005). "Ōnamuchi". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
  25. ^ Kazuhiko, Nishioka (26 April 2005). "Isukeyorihime". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Retrieved 2010-09-29.