List of birds of Spain

This is a list of the bird species recorded in Spain. The avifauna of Spain included a total of 586 species recorded in the wild by 2012 according to Sociedad Española de Ornitología (SEO/BirdLife). An additional 72 species have been recorded by Bird Checklists of the World by early 2018. Of the 658 species listed here, 305 are accidental and 23 have been introduced by humans. Eight are endemic to Spanish islands, two have been extirpated, and one of the endemic species is extinct.

This list's taxonomic treatment (designation and sequence of orders, families and species) and nomenclature (common and scientific names) follow the conventions of The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World, 2018 edition.

The following tags have been used to highlight some categories of occurrence. The (A), (E - xxx), and (I) tags are from Bird Checklists of the World. The notes of population status such as "endangered" apply to the world population and are also from Bird Checklists of the World.

• (A) Accidental - a species that rarely or accidentally occurs in Spain
• (E - xxx) Endemic - a species found only in Spain, with the location appended
• (I) Introduced - a species introduced to Spain as a consequence, direct or indirect, of human actions
• (D) Category D - species for which there are reasonable doubts as to their wild origin per SEO/Birdlife.

Ducks, geese, and waterfowl

Order: Anseriformes   Family: Anatidae

• White-faced whistling-duck, Dendrocygna viduata (A) (D)
• Fulvous whistling-duck, Dendrocygna bicolor (A) (D)
• Bar-headed goose, Anser indicus (I)
• Snow goose, Anser caerulescens (A) (D)
• Graylag goose, Anser anser (A)
• Greater white-fronted goose, Anser albifrons (A)
• Lesser white-fronted goose, Anser erythropus (A) vulnerable
• Taiga bean-goose, Anser fabalis (see note)
• Tundra bean-goose, Anser serrirostris (A)
• Pink-footed goose, Anser brachyrhynchus (A)
• Brant, Branta bernicla
• Barnacle goose, Branta leucopsis (A)
• Cackling goose, Branta hutchinsii (A) (D)
• Canada goose, Branta canadensis (A)
• Red-breasted goose, Branta ruficollis (A) vulnerable
• Mute swan, Cygnus olor
• Black swan , Cygnus atratus (I)
• Tundra swan, Cygnus columbianus
• Whooper swan, Cygnus cygnus (A)
• Egyptian goose, Alopochen aegyptiaca (I)
• Ruddy shelduck, Tadorna ferruginea
• Common shelduck, Tadorna tadorna
• Wood duck, Aix sponsa (A) (D)
• Mandarin duck, Aix galericulata (I)
• Baikal teal, Sibirionetta formosa vulnerable
• Garganey, Spatula querquedula
• Blue-winged teal, Spatula discors (A)
• Cinnamon teal, Spatula cyanoptera (A) (D)
• Northern shoveler, Spatula clypeata
• Gadwall, Mareca strepera
• Falcated duck, Mareca falcata (A)
• Eurasian wigeon, Mareca penelope
• American wigeon, Mareca americana (A)
• Mallard, Anas platyrhynchos
• American black duck, Anas rubripes (A)
• Northern pintail, Anas acuta
• Green-winged teal, Anas crecca
• Marbled teal, Marmaronetta angustirostris vulnerable
• Red-crested pochard, Netta rufina
• Common pochard, Aythya ferina
• Ring-necked duck, Aythya collaris (A)
• Ferruginous duck, Aythya nyroca near-threatened
• Tufted duck, Aythya fuligula
• Greater scaup, Aythya marila (A)
• Lesser scaup, Aythya affinis (A)
• Common eider, Somateria mollissima (A)
• King eider, Somateria spectabilis (A) near-threatened
• Surf scoter, Melanitta perspicillata (A)
• Velvet scoter, Melanitta fusca
• White-winged scoter, Melanitta deglandi (A)
• Common scoter, Melanitta nigra (A)
• Black scoter, Melanitta americana (A) near-threatened
• Long-tailed duck, Clangula hyemalis vulnerable
• Bufflehead, Bucephala albeola (A)
• Common goldeneye, Bucephala clangula
• Barrow's goldeneye, Bucephala islandica (A)
• Smew, Mergellus albellus (A)
• Hooded merganser, Lophodytes cucullatus (A)
• Common merganser, Mergus merganser (A)
• Red-breasted merganser, Mergus serrator
• Ruddy duck, Oxyura jamaicensis
• White-headed duck, Oxyura leucocephala endangered

New World quail

Order: Galliformes   Family: Odontophoridae

• Northern bobwhite, Colinus virginianus (I) near-threatened
• California quail, Callipepla californica (I)

Pheasants, grouse, and allies

Order: Galliformes   Family: Phasianidae

• Common quail, Coturnix coturnix
• Chukar, Alectoris chukar (I)
• Red-legged partridge, Alectoris rufa
• Barbary partridge, Alectoris barbara (I)
• Black francolin, Francolinus francolinus (extirpated)
• Ring-necked pheasant, Phasianus colchicus (I)
• Gray partridge, Perdix perdix
• Western capercaillie, Tetrao urogallus
• Hazel grouse, Bonasa bonasia (extirpated)
• Rock ptarmigan, Lagopus muta

Flamingos

Order: Phoenicopteriformes   Family: Phoenicopteridae

• Greater flamingo, Phoenicopterus roseus
• Lesser flamingo, Phoeniconaias minor (A) near-threatened

Grebes

Order: Podicipediformes   Family: Podicipedidae

• Little grebe, Tachybaptus ruficollis
• Pied-billed grebe, Podilymbus podiceps (A)
• Horned grebe, Podiceps auritus vulnerable
• Red-necked grebe, Podiceps grisegena
• Great crested grebe, Podiceps cristatus
• Eared grebe, Podiceps nigricollis

Pigeons and doves

Order: Columbiformes   Family: Columbidae

• Rock pigeon, Columba livia (I)
• Speckled pigeon, Columba guinea (I)
• Stock dove, Columba oenas
• Common wood-pigeon, Columba palumbus
• Bolle's pigeon, Columba bollii (E - Canary Islands)
• Laurel pigeon, Columba junoniae (E - Canary Islands) near-threatened
• European turtle-dove, Streptopelia turtur vulnerable
• Oriental turtle-dove, Streptopelia orientalis (A)
• Eurasian collared-dove, Streptopelia decaocto
• African collared-dove, Streptopelia roseogrisea (I)
• Laughing dove, Streptopelia senegalensis (A)
• Namaqua dove, Oena capensis (A) (D)

Sandgrouse

Order: Pterocliformes   Family: Pteroclididae

• Pallas's sandgrouse, Syrrhaptes paradoxus (A)
• Pin-tailed sandgrouse, Pterocles alchata
• Spotted Sandgrouse, Pterocles senegallus (A)
• Black-bellied sandgrouse, Pterocles orientalis

Bustards

Order: Otidiformes   Family: Otididae

• Great bustard, Otis tarda vulnerable
• Houbara bustard, Chlamydotis undulata vulnerable
• Little bustard, Tetrax tetrax near-threatened

Cuckoos

Order: Cuculiformes   Family: Cuculidae

• Great spotted cuckoo, Clamator glandarius
• Yellow-billed cuckoo, Coccyzus americanus (A)
• Common cuckoo, Cuculus canorus

Nightjars

Order: Caprimulgiformes   Family: Caprimulgidae

• Common nighthawk' Chordeiles minor (A)
• Red-necked nightjar, Caprimulgus ruficollis
• European nightjar, Caprimulgus europaeus
• Egyptian nightjar, Caprimulgus aegyptius (A)

Swifts

Order: Caprimulgiformes   Family: Apodidae

• Chimney swift, Chaetura pelagica (A) near-threatened
• White-throated needletail, Hirundapus caudacutus (A)
• Alpine swift, Apus melba
• Common swift, Apus apus
• Plain swift, Apus unicolor
• Pallid swift, Apus pallidus
• Pacific swift, Apus pacificus (A)
• Little swift, Apus affinis (A)
• White-rumped swift, Apus caffer

Rails, crakes, gallinules, and coots

Order: Gruiformes   Family: Rallidae

• Water rail, Rallus aquaticus
• African crake, Crex egregia (A)
• Corn crake, Crex crex (A)
• Sora, Porzana carolina (A)
• Spotted crake, Porzana porzana
• Eurasian moorhen, Gallinula chloropus
• Lesser moorhen, Gallinula angulata (A)
• Red-knobbed coot, Fulica cristata
• Eurasian coot, Fulica atra
• American coot, Fulica americana (A)
• Allen's gallinule, Porphyrio alleni (A)
• Purple gallinule, Porphyrio martinicus (A)
• Western swamphen, Porphyrio porphyrio
• African swamphen, Porphyrio madagascariensis (A)
• Striped crake, Amaurornis marginalis (A)
• Little crake, Zapornia parva
• Baillon's crake, Zapornia pusilla

Cranes

Order: Gruiformes   Family: Gruidae

• Demoiselle crane, Anthropoides virgo (A)
• Sandhill crane, Antigone canadensis (A)
• Common crane, Grus grus (A)

Sheathbills

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Chionididae

• Snowy sheathbill, Chionis albus (A)

Thick-knees

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Burhinidae

• Eurasian thick-knee, Burhinus oedicnemus

Egyptian plover

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Pluvianidae

• Egyptian plover, Pluvianus aegyptius (A)

Stilts and avocets

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Recurvirostridae

• Black-winged stilt, Himantopus himantopus
• Pied avocet, Recurvirostra avosetta

Oystercatchers

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Haematopodidae

• Eurasian oystercatcher, Haematopus ostralegus
• American oystercatcher, Haematopus palliatus (A)
• African oystercatcher, Haematopus moquini (A)
• Canarian oystercatcher, Haematopus meadewaldoi (E - Canary Islands) (extinct)

Plovers and lapwings

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Charadriidae

• Black-bellied plover, Pluvialis squatarola
• European golden-plover, Pluvialis apricaria
• American golden-plover, Pluvialis dominica (A)
• Pacific golden-plover, Pluvialis fulva (A)
• Northern lapwing, Vanellus vanellus near-threatened
• Sociable lapwing, Vanellus gregarius (A) critically endangered
• White-tailed lapwing, Vanellus leucurus (A)
• Lesser sand-plover, Charadrius mongolus (A)
• Greater sand-plover, Charadrius leschenaultii (A)
• Kittlitz's plover, Charadrius pecuarius (A)
• Kentish plover, Charadrius alexandrinus
• Common ringed plover, Charadrius hiaticula
• Semipalmated plover, Charadrius semipalmatus (A)
• Little ringed plover, Charadrius dubius
• Killdeer, Charadrius vociferus (A)
• Eurasian dotterel, Charadrius morinellus

Sandpipers and allies

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Scolopacidae

• Upland sandpiper, Bartramia longicauda (A)
• Whimbrel, Numenius phaeopus
• Slender-billed curlew, Numenius tenuirostris (A) critically endangered
• Eurasian curlew, Numenius arquata near-threatened
• Bar-tailed godwit, Limosa lapponica near-threatened
• Black-tailed godwit, Limosa limosa near-threatened
• Hudsonian godwit, Limosa haemastica (A)
• Turnstone, Arenaria interpres
• Great knot, Calidris tenuirostris (A) endangered
• Red knot, Calidris canutus near-threatened
• Ruff, Calidris pugnax
• Broad-billed sandpiper, Calidris falcinellus (A)
• Sharp-tailed sandpiper, Calidris acuminata (A)
• Stilt sandpiper, Calidris himantopus (A)
• Curlew sandpiper, Calidris ferruginea near-threatened
• Temminck's stint, Calidris temminckii (A)
• Red-necked stint, Calidris ruficollis (A) near-threatened
• Sanderling, Calidris alba
• Dunlin, Calidris alpina
• Purple sandpiper, Calidris maritima (A)
• Baird's sandpiper, Calidris bairdii (A)
• Little stint, Calidris minuta
• Least sandpiper, Calidris minutilla (A)
• White-rumped sandpiper, Calidris fuscicollis (A)
• Buff-breasted sandpiper, Calidris subruficollis (A) near-threatened
• Pectoral sandpiper, Calidris melanotos (A)
• Semipalmated sandpiper, Calidris pusilla (A) near-threatened
• Western sandpiper, Calidris mauri (A)
• Short-billed dowitcher, Limnodromus griseus (A)
• Long-billed dowitcher, Limnodromus scolopaceus (A)
• Jack snipe, Lymnocryptes minimus
• Eurasian woodcock, Scolopax rusticola
• Great snipe, Gallinago media (A) near-threatened
• Common snipe, Gallinago gallinago
• Wilson's snipe, Gallinago delicata (A)
• Terek sandpiper, Xenus cinereus (A)
• Wilson's phalarope, Phalaropus tricolor (A)
• Red-necked phalarope, Phalaropus lobatus (A)
• Red phalarope, Phalaropus fulicarius (A)
• Common sandpiper, Actitis hypoleucos
• Spotted sandpiper, Actitis macularius (A)
• Green sandpiper, Tringa ochropus
• Solitary sandpiper, Tringa solitaria (A)
• Spotted redshank, Tringa erythropus
• Greater yellowlegs, Tringa melanoleuca (A)
• Common greenshank, Tringa nebularia
• Lesser yellowlegs, Tringa flavipes (A)
• Marsh sandpiper, Tringa stagnatilis (A)
• Wood sandpiper, Tringa glareola
• Common redshank, Tringa totanus

Buttonquail

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Turnicidae

• Small buttonquail, Turnix sylvaticus (A)

Pratincoles and coursers

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Glareolidae

• Cream-colored courser, Cursorius cursor (A)
• Collared pratincole, Glareola pratincola
• Black-winged pratincole, Glareola nordmanni (A) near-threatened

Skuas and jaegers

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Stercorariidae

• Great skua, Stercorarius skua
• South polar skua, Stercorarius maccormicki (A)
• Pomarine jaeger, Stercorarius pomarinus
• Parasitic jaeger, Stercorarius parasiticus
• Long-tailed jaeger, Stercorarius longicaudus (A)

Auks, murres, and puffins

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Alcidae

• Dovekie, Alle alle (A)
• Common murre, Uria aalge
• Razorbill, Alca torda near-threatened
• Black guillemot, Cepphus grylle (A)
• Atlantic puffin, Fratercula arctica vulnerable

Gulls, terns, and skimmers

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Laridae

• Black-legged kittiwake, Rissa tridactyla vulnerable
• Sabine's gull, Xema sabini (A)
• Slender-billed gull, Chroicocephalus genei
• Bonaparte's gull, Chroicocephalus philadelphia (A)
• Gray-hooded gull, Chroicocephalus cirrocephalus (A)
• Black-headed gull, Chroicocephalus ridibundus
• Little gull, Hydrocoloeus minutus
• Ross's gull, Rhodostethia rosea (A)
• Laughing gull, Leucophaeus atricilla (A)
• Franklin's gull, Leucophaeus pipixcan (A)
• Mediterranean gull, Ichthyaetus melanocephalus
• Pallas's gull, Ichthyaetus ichthyaetus (A)
• Audouin's gull, Ichthyaetus audouinii
• Mew gull, Larus canus
• Ring-billed gull, Larus delawarensis (A)
• Herring gull, Larus argentatus
• Yellow-legged gull, Larus michahellis
• Caspian gull, Larus cachinnans (A)
• Iceland gull, Larus glaucoides (A)
• Lesser black-backed gull, Larus fuscus
• Glaucous-winged gull, Larus glaucescens (A)
• Glaucous gull, Larus hyperboreus (A)
• Great black-backed gull, Larus marinus
• Kelp gull, Larus dominicanus (A)
• Sooty tern, Onychoprion fuscatus (A)
• Bridled tern, Onychoprion anaethetus (A)
• Little tern, Sternula albifrons
• Gull-billed tern, Gelochelidon nilotica
• Caspian tern, Hydroprogne caspia (A)
• Black tern, Chlidonias niger
• White-winged tern, Chlidonias leucopterus (A)
• Whiskered tern, Chlidonias hybrida
• Roseate tern, Sterna dougallii (A)
• Common tern, Sterna hirundo
• Arctic tern, Sterna paradisaea (A)
• Forster's tern, Sterna forsteri (A)
• White-cheeked tern, Sterna repressa (A)
• Royal tern, Thalasseus maximus (A)
• Sandwich tern, Thalasseus sandvicensis
• Elegant tern, Thalasseus elegans (A) near-threatened
• Lesser crested tern, Thalasseus bengalensis (A)

Tropicbirds

Order: Phaethontiformes   Family: Phaethontidae

• Red-billed tropicbird, Phaeton aetherius (A)

Loons

Order: Gaviiformes   Family: Gaviidae

• Red-throated loon, Gavia stellata
• Arctic loon, Gavia arctica (A)
• Pacific loon, Gavia pacifica (A)
• Common loon, Gavia immer (A)

Albatrosses

Order: Procellariiformes   Family: Diomedeidae

• Black-browed albatross, Thalassarche melanophris (A)

Southern storm-petrels

Order: Procellariiformes   Family: Oceanitidae

• Wilson's storm-petrel, Oceanites oceanicus (A)
• White-faced storm-petrel, Pelagodroma marina

Northern storm-petrels

Order: Procellariiformes   Family: Hydrobatidae

• European storm-petrel, Hydrobates pelagicus
• Black-bellied storm-petrel, Fregetta tropica (A)
• Leach's storm-petrel, Oceanodroma leucorhea
• Swinhoe's storm-petrel, Oceanodroma monorhis (A) near-threatened
• Band-rumped storm-petrel, Oceanodroma castro (A)

Shearwaters and petrels

Order: Procellariiformes   Family: Procellariidae

• Northern fulmar, Fulmarus glacialis (A)
• Cape petrel, Daption capense (A)
• Zino's petrel, Pterodroma madeira (A) endangered
• Fea's petrel, Pterodroma feae (A)
• Soft-plumaged petrel, Pterodroma mollis (A)
• Black-capped petrel, Pterodroma hasitata (A)
• Bulwer's petrel, Bulweria bulwerii (A)
• Cory's shearwater, Calonectris diomedea
• Cape Verde shearwater, Calonectris edwardsii (A) near-threatened
• Great shearwater, Ardenna gravis
• Sooty shearwater, Ardenna griseus near-threatened
• Manx shearwater, Puffinus puffinus
• Yelkouan shearwater, Puffinus yelkouan vulnerable
• Balearic shearwater, Puffinus mauretanicus critically endangered
• Barolo shearwater, Puffinus baroli (A)
• Boyd's shearwater, Puffinus boydi (A)
• Tropical shearwater, Puffinus bailloni (A)

Storks

Order: Ciconiiformes   Family: Ciconiidae

• Black stork, Ciconia nigra
• White stork, Ciconia ciconia
• Marabou stork, Leptoptilos crumenifer (A)
• Yellow-billed stork, Mycteria ibis (A) (D)

Frigatebirds

Order: Suliformes   Family: Fregatidae

• Magnificent frigatebird, Fregata magnificens (A)

Boobies and gannets

Order: Suliformes   Family: Sulidae

• Masked booby, Sula dactylatra
• Brown booby, Sula leucogaster
• Red-footed booby, Sula sula (A)
• Northern gannet, Morus bassanus
• Cape gannet, Morus capensis (A) endangered

Cormorants and shags

Order: Suliformes   Family: Phalacrocoracidae

• Long-tailed cormorant, Microcarbo africanus (A) (D)
• Pygmy cormorant, Microcarbo pygmeus (A) near-threatened
• Great cormorant, Phalacrocorax carbo
• European shag, Phalacrocorax aristotelis
• Double-crested cormorant, Phalacrocorax auritus (A)

Pelicans

Order: Pelecaniformes   Family: Pelecanidae

• Great white pelican Pelecanus onocrotalus
• Pink-backed pelican, Pelecanus rufescens (A)
• Dalmatian pelican, Pelecanus crispus (A) near-threatened

Heron, egrets, and bitterns

Order: Pelecaniformes   Family: Ardeidae

• American bittern, Botaurus lentiginosus (A)
• Great bittern, Botaurus stellaris
• Little bittern, Ixobrychus minutus
• Dwarf bittern, Ixobrychus sturmii (A)
• Great blue heron, Ardea herodias (A)
• Gray heron, Ardea cinerea
• Purple heron, Ardea purpurea
• Great egret, Ardea alba
• Little egret, Egretta garzetta
• Western reef-heron, Egretta gularis (A)
• Tricolored heron, Egretta tricolor (A)
• Cattle egret, Bubulcus ibis
• Squacco heron, Ardeola ralloides
• Green heron, Butorides virescens (A)
• Striated heron, Butorides striata (A)
• Black-crowned night-heron, Nycticorax nycticorax

Ibises and spoonbills

Order: Pelecaniformes   Family: Threskiornithidae

• Glossy ibis, Plegadis falcinellus
• Sacred ibis, Threskiornis aethiopicus (A)
• Northern bald ibis, Geronticus eremita (A) critically endangered
• Eurasian spoonbill, Platalea leucorodia
• African spoonbill, Platalea alba (A) (D)

Osprey

Order: Accipitriformes   Family: Pandionidae

• Osprey, Pandion haliaetus

Hawks, eagles and kites

Order: Accipitriformes   Family: Accipitridae

• Black-winged kite, Elanus caeruleus
• Bearded vulture, Gypaetus barbatus (A)
• Egyptian vulture, Neophron percnopterus endangered
• European honey-buzzard, Pernis apivorus
• Swallow-tailed kite, Elanoides forficatus (A)
• Cinereous vulture, Aegypius monachus near-threatened
• Lappet-faced vulture, Torgos tracheliotos (A) endangered
• Hooded vulture, Necrosyrtes monachus (A) (D)
• White-backed vulture, Gyps africanus (A) critically endangered
• Rüppell's griffon, Gyps rueppelli (A) critically endangered
• Eurasian griffon, Gyps fulvus
• Bateleur, Terathopius ecaudatus (A) near-threatened
• Short-toed snake-eagle, Circaetus gallicus
• Lesser spotted eagle, Clanga pomarina (A)
• Greater spotted eagle, Clanga clanga (A) vulnerable
• Booted eagle, Hieraaetus pennatus
• Steppe eagle, Aquila nipalensis (A) endangered
• Spanish eagle, Aquila adalberti vulnerable
• Imperial eagle, Aquila heliaca (A) vulnerable
• Golden eagle, Aquila chrysaetos
• Bonelli's eagle, Aquila fasciata
• Eurasian marsh-harrier, Circus aeruginosus
• Hen harrier, Circus cyaneus
• Pallid harrier, Circus macrourus (A) near-threatened
• Montagu's harrier, Circus pygargus
• Eurasian sparrowhawk, Accipiter nisus
• Northern goshawk, Accipiter gentilis
• Red kite, Milvus milvus near-threatened
• Black kite, Milvus migrans
• White-tailed eagle, Haliaeetus albicilla (A)
• Rough-legged hawk, Buteo lagopus (A)
• Common buzzard, Buteo buteo
• Long-legged buzzard, Buteo rufinus (A)

Barn-owls

Order: Strigiformes   Family: Tytonidae

• Barn owl, Tyto alba

Owls

Order: Strigiformes   Family: Strigidae

• Eurasian scops-owl, Otus scops
• Eurasian eagle-owl, Bubo bubo
• Northern hawk owl, Surnia ulula (A)
• Little owl, Athene noctua
• Tawny owl, Strix aluco
• Long-eared owl, Asio otus
• Short-eared owl, Asio flammeus
• Marsh owl, Asio capensis (A)
• Boreal owl, Aegolius funereus

Hoopoes

Order: Bucerotiformes   Family: Upupidae

• Eurasian hoopoe, Upupa epops

Kingfishers

Order: Coraciiformes   Family: Alcedinidae

• Common kingfisher, Alcedo atthis
• Belted kingfisher, Megaceryle alcyon (A)

Bee-eaters

Order: Coraciiformes   Family: Meropidae

• Blue-cheeked bee-eater, Merops persicus (A)
• European bee-eater, Merops apiaster

Rollers

Order: Coraciiformes   Family: Coraciidae

• European roller, Coracias garrulus
• Abyssinian roller, Coracias abyssinicus (A)

Woodpeckers

Order: Piciformes   Family: Picidae

• Eurasian wryneck, Jynx torquilla
• Middle spotted woodpecker, Dendrocoptes medius
• White-backed woodpecker, Dendrocopos leucotos
• Great spotted woodpecker, Dendrocopos major
• Lesser spotted woodpecker, Dryobates minor
• Eurasian green woodpecker, Picus viridis
• Black woodpecker, Dryocopus martius

Falcons

Order: Falconiformes   Family: Falconidae

• Lesser kestrel, Falco naumanni
• Eurasian kestrel, Falco tinnunculus
• Red-footed falcon, Falco vespertinus (A) near-threatened
• Eleonora's falcon, Falco eleonorae
• Merlin, Falco columbarius
• Eurasian hobby, Falco subbuteo
• Lanner falcon, Falco biarmicus (A)
• Saker falcon, Falco cherrug (A) endangered
• Gyrfalcon, Falco rusticolus (A)
• Peregrine falcon, Falco peregrinus

Old World parrots

Order: Psittaciformes   Family: Psittaculidae

• Rose-ringed parakeet, Psittacula krameri (I)
• Fischer's lovebird, Agapornis fischeri (I) near-threatened
• Yellow-collared lovebird, Agapornis personatus (I)

African and New World parrots

Order: Psittaciformes   Family: Psittacidae

• Monk parakeet, Myiopsitta monachus (I)
• Yellow-crowned parrot, Amazona ochrocephala (I)

Tyrant flycatchers

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Tyrannidae

• Fork-tailed flycatcher, Tyrannus savana (A)

Bushshrikes and allies

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Malaconotidae

• Black-crowned tchagra, Tchagra senegalus (A)

Shrikes

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Laniidae

• Red-backed shrike, Lanius collurio
• Red-tailed shrike, Lanius phoenicuroides (A)
• Isabelline shrike, Lanius isabellinus (A)
• Brown shrike, Lanius cristatus (A)
• Long-tailed shrike, Lanius schach (A)
• Great gray shrike, Lanius excubitor
• Iberian gray shrike, Lanius meridionalis
• Lesser gray shrike, Lanius minor
• Masked shrike, Lanius nubicus (A)
• Woodchat shrike, Lanius senator

Vireos

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Vireonidae

• Red-eyed vireo, Vireo olivaceus (A)

Old World orioles

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Oriolidae

• Eurasian golden oriole, Oriolus oriolus

Crows, jays, magpies, and ravens

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Corvidae

• Eurasian jay, Garrulus glandarius
• Iberian magpie, Cyanopica cooki
• Eurasian magpie, Pica pica
• Eurasian nutcracker, Nucifraga caryocatactes (A)
• Red-billed chough, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
• Yellow-billed chough, Pyrrhocorax graculus
• Eurasian jackdaw, Corvus monedula
• Rook, Corvus frugilegus
• Carrion crow, Corvus corone
• Hooded crow, Corvus cornix (A)
• Brown-necked raven, Corvus ruficollis (A)
• Common raven, Corvus corax

Bearded reedling

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Panuridae

• Bearded reedling, Panurus biarmicus

Larks

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Alaudidae

• Greater hoopoe-lark, Alaemon alaudipes (A)
• Bar-tailed lark, Ammomanes cinctura (A)
• Horned lark, Eremophila alpestris (A)
• Greater short-toed lark, Calandrella brachydactyla
• Calandra lark, Melanocorypha calandra
• Black lark, Melanocorypha yeltoniensis (A)
• Dupont's lark, Chersophilus duponti near-threatened
• Lesser short-toed lark, Alaudala rufescens
• Wood lark, Lullula arborea
• White-winged lark, Alauda leucoptera (A)
• Eurasian skylark, Alauda arvensis
• Thekla's lark, Galerida theklae
• Crested lark, Galerida cristata

Swallows and martins

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Hirundinidae

• Plain martin, Riparia paludicola (A)
• Bank swallow, Riparia riparia
• Eurasian crag-martin, Ptyonoprogne rupestris
• Barn swallow, Hirundo rustica
• Red-rumped swallow, Hirundo daurica
• Cliff swallow, Petrochelidon pyrrhonota (A)
• Cave swallow, Petrochelidon fulva (A)
• Common house-martin, Delichon urbicum

Tits

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Paridae

• Coal tit, Parus ater
• Crested tit, Parus cristatus
• Marsh tit, Parus palustris
• Eurasian blue tit, Cyanistes caeruleus
• African blue tit, Cyanistes teneriffae
• Great tit, Parus major

Penduline-tits

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Remizidae

• Eurasian penduline tit, Remiz pendulinus

Long-tailed tits

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Aegithalidae

• Long-tailed tit, Aegithalos longicaudus

Nuthatches

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Sittidae

• Eurasian nuthatch, Sitta europaea

Wallcreeper

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Tichodromidae

• Wallcreeper, Tichodroma muraria

Treecreepers

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Certhiidae

• Eurasian treecreeper, Certhia familiaris
• Short-toed treecreeper, Certhia brachydactyla

Wrens

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Troglodytidae

• Eurasian wren, Troglodytes troglodytes

Dippers

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Cinclidae

• White-throated dipper, Cinclus cinclus

Bulbuls

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Pycnonotidae

• Common bulbul, Pycnonotus barbatus (A)

Kinglets

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Regulidae

• Goldcrest, Regulus regulus
• Canary Islands kinglet, Regulus teneriffae (E - Canary Islands)
• Common firecrest, Regulus ignicapilla

Bush warblers and allies

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Scotocercidae

• Cetti's warbler, Cettia cetti

Leaf warblers

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Phylloscopidae

• Wood warbler, Phylloscopus sibilatrix
• Western Bonelli's warbler, Phylloscopus bonelli
• Eastern Bonelli's warbler, Phylloscopus orientalis (A)
• Yellow-browed warbler, Phylloscopus inornatus (A)
• Hume's warbler, Phylloscopus humei (A)
• Pallas's leaf warbler, Phylloscopus proregulus (A)
• Radde's warbler, Phylloscopus schwarzi (A)
• Dusky warbler, Phylloscopus fuscatus (A)
• Willow warbler, Phylloscopus trochilus
• Common chiffchaff, Phylloscopus collybita
• Mountain chiffchaff, Phylloscopus sindianus (A)
• Canary Islands chiffchaff, Phylloscopus canariensis (E - Canary Islands)
• Iberian chiffchaff, Phylloscopus brehmii
• Green warbler, Phylloscopus nitidus (A)
• Greenish warbler, Phylloscopus trochiloides (A)
• Arctic warbler, Phylloscopus borealis (A)

Reed warblers and allies

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Acrocephalidae

• Booted warbler, Iduna caligata (A)
• Sykes's warbler, Iduna rama (A)
• Western olivaceous warbler, Iduna opaca
• Melodious warbler, Hippolais polyglotta
• Icterine warbler, Hippolais icterina (A)
• Aquatic warbler, Acrocephalus paludicola (A) vulnerable
• Moustached warbler, Acrocephalus melanopogon
• Sedge warbler, Acrocephalus schoenobaenus
• Paddyfield warbler, Acrocephalus agricola (A)
• Blyth's reed warbler, Acrocephalus dumetorum (A)
• Marsh warbler, Acrocephalus palustris (A)
• Eurasian reed warbler, Acrocephalus scirpaceus
• African reed warbler, Acrocephalus baeticatus
• Great reed warbler, Acrocephalus arundinaceus

Grassbirds and allies

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Locustellidae

• Eurasian river warbler, Locustella fluviatilis (A)
• Savi's warbler, Locustella luscinioides
• Common grasshopper-warbler, Locustella naevia

Cisticolas and allies

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Cisticolidae

• Zitting cisticola, Cisticola juncidis

Sylviid warblers

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Sylviidae

• Eurasian blackcap, Sylvia atricapilla
• Garden warbler, Sylvia borin
• African desert warbler, Sylvia nana (A)
• Asian desert warbler, Sylvia nana (A)
• Barred warbler, Sylvia nisoria (A)
• Lesser whitethroat, Sylvia curruca
• Western Orphean warbler, Sylvia hortensis
• Tristram's warbler, Sylvia deserticola (A)
• Rüppell's warbler, Sylvia ruppeli (A)
• Subalpine warbler, Sylvia cantillans
• Moltoni's warbler, Sylvia subalpina
• Sardinian warbler, Sylvia melanocephala
• Greater whitethroat, Sylvia communis
• Spectacled warbler, Sylvia conspicillata
• Marmora's warbler, Sylvia sarda (A)
• Dartford warbler, Sylvia undata near-threatened
• Balearic warbler, Sylvia balearica (E - Balearic Islands)

Laughingthrushes

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Leiothrichidae

• Red-billed leiothrix, Leiothrix lutea (I)

Old World flycatchers

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Muscicapidae

• Spotted flycatcher, Muscicapa striata
• Rufous-tailed scrub-robin, Cercotrichas galactotes
• European robin, Erithacus rubecula
• Siberian blue robin, Larvivora cyane (A)
• Thrush nightingale, Luscinia luscinia (A)
• Common nightingale, Luscinia megarhynchos
• Bluethroat, Luscinia svecica
• Red-flanked bluetail, Tarsiger cyanurus (A)
• Red-breasted flycatcher, Ficedula parva (A)
• Semicollared flycatcher, Ficedula semitorquata (A)
• European pied flycatcher, Ficedula hypoleuca
• Atlas flycatcher, Ficedula speculigera (A)
• Collared flycatcher, Ficedula albicollis (A)
• Moussier's redstart, Phoenicurus moussieri (A)
• Common redstart, Phoenicurus phoenicurus
• Black redstart, Phoenicurus ochruros
• Rufous-tailed rock-thrush, Monticola saxatilis
• Blue rock-thrush, Monticola solitarius
• Whinchat, Saxicola rubetra
• Fuerteventura stonechat, Saxicola dacotiae (E - Canary Islands) near-threatened
• European stonechat, Saxicola rubicola
• Siberian stonechat, Saxicola maurus (A)
• White-crowned wheatear, Oenanthe leucopyga (A)
• Black wheatear, Oenanthe leucura
• Northern wheatear, Oenanthe oenanthe
• Mourning wheatear, Oenanthe lugens (A)
• Red-rumped wheatear, Oenanthe moesta (A)
• Black-eared wheatear, Oenanthe hispanica
• Desert wheatear, Oenanthe deserti (A)
• Isabelline wheatear, Oenanthe isabellina (A)

Thrushes and allies

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Turdidae

• White's thrush, Zoothera dauma (A)
• Gray-cheeked thrush, Catharus minimus (A)
• Mistle thrush, Turdus viscivorus
• Song thrush, Turdus philomelos
• Redwing, Turdus iliacus
• Eurasian blackbird, Turdus merula
• American robin, Turdus migratorius (A)
• Eyebrowed thrush, Turdus obscurus (A)
• Fieldfare, Turdus pilaris
• Ring ouzel, Turdus torquatus
• Black-throated thrush, Turdus atrogularis (A)
• Red-throated thrush, Turdus ruficollis (A)
• Dusky thrush, Turdus eunomus (A)
• Naumann's thrush, Turdus naumanni (A)

Mockingbirds and thrashers

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Mimidae

• Gray catbird, Dumetella carolinensis (A)
• Northern mockingbird, Mimus polyglottos (A) (D)

Starlings

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Sturnidae

• European starling, Sturnus vulgaris
• Spotless starling, Sturnus unicolor
• Rosy starling, Pastor roseus (A)
• Long-tailed glossy starling, Lamprotornis caudatus (A)
• Purple starling, Lamprotornis purpureus (I)

Accentors

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Prunellidae

• Alpine accentor, Prunella collaris
• Dunnock, Prunella modularis

Wagtails and pipits

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Motacillidae

• Gray wagtail, Motacilla cinerea
• Western yellow wagtail, Motacilla flava
• Citrine wagtail, Motacilla citreola (A)
• White wagtail, Motacilla alba (A)
• Richard's pipit, Anthus richardi (A)
• Blyth's pipit, Anthus godlewskii (A)
• Tawny pipit, Anthus campestris
• Berthelot's pipit, Anthus berthelotii
• Meadow pipit, Anthus pratensis near-threatened
• Tree pipit, Anthus trivialis
• Olive-backed pipit, Anthus hodgsoni (A)
• Pechora pipit, Anthus gustavi (A)
• Red-throated pipit, Anthus cervinus
• Water pipit, Anthus spinoletta
• Rock pipit, Anthus petrosus
• American pipit, Anthus rubescens (A)

Waxwings

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Bombycillidae

• Bohemian waxwing, Bombycilla garrulus (A)

Finches and allies

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Fringillidae

• Common chaffinch, Fringilla coelebs
• Blue chaffinch, Fringilla teydea (E- Canary Islands)
• Brambling, Fringilla montifringilla
• Hawfinch, Coccothraustes coccothraustes
• Common rosefinch, Carpodacus erythrinus (A)
• Eurasian bullfinch, Pyrrhula pyrrhula
• Trumpeter finch, Rhodopechys githaginea
• Desert finch, Rhodospiza obsoleta (A) (D)
• European greenfinch, Chloris chloris
• Twite, Linaria flavirostris
• Eurasian linnet, Linaria cannabina
• Common redpoll, Acanthis flammea (A)
• Lesser redpoll, Acanthis cabaret (A)
• Red crossbill, Loxia curvirostra
• European goldfinch, Carduelis carduelis
• Citril finch, Carduelis citrinella
• European serin, Serinus serinus
• Island canary, Serinus canaria
• Eurasian siskin, Spinus spinus

Longspurs and snow buntings

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Calcariidae

• Snow bunting, Plectrophenax nivalis (A)
• Lapland bunting, Calcarius lapponicus (A)

Old World buntings

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Emberizidae

• Black-headed bunting, Emberiza melanocephala (A)
• Red-headed bunting, Emberiza bruniceps (A)
• Corn bunting, Miliaria calandra
• Rock bunting, Emberiza cia
• Meadow bunting, Emberiza cioides (A) (D)
• Cirl bunting Emberiza cirlus
• Yellowhammer, Emberiza citrinella
• Pine bunting, Emberiza leucocephalos (A)
• Ortolan bunting, Emberiza hortulana
• Cretzschmar's bunting, Emberiza caesia (A)
• House bunting, Emberiza sahari (A)
• Reed bunting, Emberiza schoeniclus
• Yellow-breasted bunting, Emberiza aureola (A) critically endangered
• Little bunting, Emberiza pusilla (A)
• Rustic bunting, Emberiza rustica (A) vulnerable

New World sparrows

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Passerellidae

• Dark-eyed junco, Junco hyemalis (A)
• White-throated sparrow, Zonotrichia albicollis (A)
• Song sparrow, Melospiza melodia (A)

Icterids

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Icteridae

• Bobolink, Dolichonyx oryzivorus (A)

Wood-warblers

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Parulidae

• Louisiana waterthrush, Parkesia motacilla (A)
• Northern waterthrush, Parkesia noveboracensis (A)
• Black-and-white warbler, Mniotilta varia (A)
• Common yellowthroat, Geothlypis trichas (A)
• American redstart, Setophaga ruticilla (A)
• Blackpoll warbler, Setophaga striata (A)
• Yellow-rumped warbler, Setophaga coronata (A)

Cardinals and allies

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Cardinalidae

• Rose-breasted grosbeak, Pheucticus ludovicianus (A)

Old World sparrows

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Passeridae

• House sparrow, Passer domesticus
• Italian sparrow, Passer italiae (A) vulnerable
• Spanish sparrow, Passer hispaniolensis
• Eurasian tree sparrow, Passer montanus
• Sudan golden sparrow, Passer luteus (A)
• Rock sparrow, Petronia petronia
• White-winged snowfinch, Montifringilla nivalis

Weavers and allies

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Ploceidae

• Black-headed weaver, Ploceus melanocephalus (I)

Waxbills and allies

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Estrildidae

• Orange-cheeked waxbill, Estrilda melpoda (I)
• Common waxbill, Estrilda astrild (I)
• Red avadavat, Amandava amandava (I)