List of long place names
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This is a list of long place names.
Single-word names
- Full name: Taumatawhakatangihangakoauauotamateaturipukakapikimaungahoronukupokaiwhenuakitanatahu (85 letters)
Short-forms: Taumatawhakatangihangakoauauotamateapokaiwhenuakitanatahu (57 letters) Taumata (7 letters) Location: North Island, New Zealand Language: Māori Translation: "The summit where Tamatea, the man with the big knees, the climber of mountains, the land-swallower who travelled about, played his nose flute to his loved one" Notes: Listed in the Guinness World Records as the longest official placename in the world.
The station sign at Llanfairpwllgwyngyll, with a pronunciation guide underneath. - Full name: Llanfairpwllgwyngyllgogerychwyrndrobwllllantysiliogogogoch (58 letters)
Short-forms: Llanfair PG (10 letters), Llanfairpwll (12 letters) or Llanfairpwllgwyngyll (20 letters) Location: Isle of Anglesey, Wales, United Kingdom Language: Welsh Translation: "Saint Mary's Church in a hollow of white hazel near the rapid whirlpool of the church of Saint Tysilio with a red cave"
Notes: The longest official one-word placename in Europe. - Full name: Chargoggagoggmanchauggagoggchaubunagungamaugg (45 letters) Short-forms: Lake Chaubunagungamaug (17 letters)[1] Webster Lake (11 letters) Location: a lake in Webster, Massachusetts, United States Language: Nipmuc Translation: "Fishing Place at the Boundaries – Neutral Meeting Grounds"[2] Notes: Believed to be the longest official one-word placename in the United States.
- Full name: Tweebuffelsmeteenskootmorsdoodgeskietfontein (44 letters)[3][4][5][6] Location: a farm in the North West province of South Africa Language: Afrikaans Translation: "Two-Buffalos-Shot-Totally-Dead-with-One-Shot Fountain" Notes: The longest one-word placename in Africa.
- Full name Azpilicuetagaraicosaroyarenberecolarrea (39 letters).[7] Location: Azpilkueta, Navarra, Spain. Language: Basque Translation: The low field of high pen of Azpilikueta[8]
- Full name: Äteritsiputeritsipuolilautatsijänkä (35 letters) Location: Lapland, Finland Language: Finnish (northern dialect) Translation: Unknown etymology, probably gibberish (see entry for more). Notes: The longest official one-word placename in Finland, and the second longest in Europe.
- Full name: Pekwachnamaykoskwaskwaypinwanik (31 letters) Location: a lake in Manitoba, Canada Language: Cree Translation: "where the wild trout are caught by fishing with hooks" Notes: The longest official one-word placename in Canada.[9]
- Full name: Venkatanarasimharajuvaripeta (28 letters) Location: a village in Andhra Pradesh, India Language: Telugu Translation: "Venkatanarasimharaju's city" Notes: The longest one-word placename in India.
- Full name: Bovenendvankeelafsnysleegte (27 letters) Location: a farm in the Upper Karoo in South Africa Language: Afrikaans Translation: "Upper end of throat-cut valley" ("hollow" may be better than "valley")
- Full name: Mamungkukumpurangkuntjunya (26 letters) Location: a hill in South Australia, Australia Language: Pitjantjatjara Translation: "Where the devil urinates" Notes: The longest official one-word placename in Australia.[10]
- Full name: Schmedeswurtherwesterdeich (26 letters) Location: a hamlet outside the village of Schmedeswurth, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. Language: German Translation: "West levee of the smith's hill-village"
- Full name: Bullaunancheathrairaluinn[11] (25 letters) Location: a bullaun in County Galway, Ireland Language: Anglicisation of Irish Ballán an Cheathrair Álainn[11] Translation: "Bullaun of the Four Beauties" Notes: Believed to be the longest official one-word Irish-derived placename in Ireland.
- Full name: Gasselterboerveenschemond (25 letters) Location: a hamlet in Drenthe, Netherlands Language: Dutch Translation: "Delta of Gasselt's (surname) farmer's bog" Notes: The longest official one-word placename in the Netherlands.
- Full name: Gasselternijveenschemond (24 letters) Location: a hamlet in Drenthe, Netherlands Language: Dutch Translation: "Delta of Gasselt's (surname) new bog"
- Full name: Staronizhestebliyevskaya (24 letters) Location: a stanitsa in Krasnodar Krai, Russia Language: Russian In Cyrillic alphabet: Старонижестеблиевская (21 letters) Translation: "The old settlement named after Nizhne-Stebliyevskiy kurin (of Zaporizhian Sich)" Notes: The name of the kurin means "the lower one named after Stebliv".
- Full name: Verkhnenovokutlumbetyevo (24 letters) Location: a village in Orenburg Oblast, Russia Language: Russian In Cyrillic alphabet: Верхненовокутлумбетьево (23 letters) Translation: "The upper new settlement named after Kutlumbet (a Turkic male personal name)" Notes: Believed to be the longest one-word name of a settlement in Russia.[12]
- Full name: Onafhankelijkheidsplein (23 letters)[13][14] Location: a central square in Paramaribo, Suriname Language: Dutch Translation: "Independence Square"
- Full name: Kvernbergsundsødegården (23 letters)[15] Location: Ringerike, Buskerud, Norway Language: Norwegian Translation: "The Deserted Farm of The Mill Mountain Strait"
- Full name: Nizhnenovokutlumbetyevo (23 letters) Location: a village in Matveyevsky District, Orenburg Oblast, Russia Language: Russian In Cyrillic alphabet: Нижненовокутлумбетьево (22 letters) Translation: "The lower new settlement named after Kutlumbet (a Turkic male personal name)"
- Full name: Nunathloogagamiutbingoi (23 letters) Language: Nunivak Cup'ig Location: a beach on the southeastern coast of Nunivak Island in Bethel Census Area, Alaska
- Full name: Svalbarðsstrandarhreppur (23 letters) Location: a municipality in Iceland Language: Icelandic Translation: "Cool Edge's Shore's Municipality" Notes: The longest official one-word place name in Iceland.
- Full name: Yamagawahamachiyogamizu (23 letters) Location: Ibusuki, Kagoshima, Japan Language: Japanese In Japanese character (hiragana): やまがわはまちよがみず (11 letters) In Chinese character (kanji): 山川浜児ヶ水 (6 letters) Translation: "Beach of the children's water in the mountains and river region" (located near Yamagawaokachiyogamizu)
- Full name: Kuchistiniwamiskahikan (22 letters) Location: an island in Quebec, Canada Language: Cree Translation: The island where boats entering the bay[16] Notes: The longest official one-word placename in Quebec.[9]
- Full name: Parangaricutirimicuaro (22 letters) Location: a city in Michoacán, Mexico Language: Purépecha Translation: The word itself is a kind of tongue-twister, similar to the English "supercalifragilisticexpialidocious". Notes: The longest placename in Mexico. The village, now known as Nuevo San Juan Parangaricutiro, is also called San Juan, Nuevo San Juan, and Parangaricutiro.
- Full name: Drehideenglashanatooha (22 letters)[citation needed] Location: a bridge in County Tipperary, Ireland Language: Anglicisation of Irish Droichidín Glaise na Tuaithe Translation: "Little Bridge of the Tribe's Green"
- Full name: Muckanaghederdauhaulia (22 letters) Location: townland in Kilcummin, County Galway, Ireland Language: Anglicisation of Irish Muiceanach idir Dhá Sháile Translation: "Piggery between two briny places" Notes: Formerly regarded as the longest placename (spelled in English) in Ireland (22 letters), it has been superseded by awareness of longer names.
- Full name: Yamagawaokachiyogamizu (22 letters) Location: Ibusuki, Kagoshima, Japan Language: Japanese In Japanese character (hiragana): やまがわおかちよがみず (11 letters) In Chinese character (kanji): 山川岡児ヶ水 (6 letters) Translation: "Hill of the children's water in the mountains and river region" (located near Yamagawahamachiyogamizu)
- Full name: Gschlachtenbretzingen (21 letters) Location: a suburb of Michelbach an der Bilz, Schwäbisch Hall, Baden-Württemberg, Germany Language: Swabian German Translation: "fertile Bretzingen" (as opposed to neighbouring Rauhenbretzingen, "rough Bretzingen") Notes: The contraction of the "ge-" prefix to "g-" is a feature of Swabian. The name is therefore occasionally written in standard German as "Geschlachtenbretzingen" (22 letters).
- Full name: Saaranpaskantamasaari (21 letters) Location: small uninhabited island located in Lake Onkamojärvi in northeastern Finland Language: Finnish Translation: "An island shat by Saara"
- Full name: Jászfelsőszentgyörgy (20 letters) Location: a village in Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County, Hungary Language: Hungarian language Translation: "Upper St. George in Jászság"
- Full name: Siemieniakowszczyzna (20 letters) Location: a village in Hajnówka County, Poland Language: Polish Translation: "ground of Siemieniak" (lit. "Siemieniakishness")
- Full name: Tissvassklumptjønnin (20 letters) Location: Lierne, Nord-Trøndelag, Norway Language: Norwegian Translation: "The Slow Freezing Water's Lump Ponds" ("klump" here means "mountain")
- Full name: Vanhankaupunginselkä (20 letters) Location: Finland Language: Finnish Translation: "Old City Bay"
- Full name: Mittelschaeffolsheim (20 letters) Location: a small village in Alsace, France Language: Alsatian Translation:
- Full name: Niederschaeffolsheim ( 20 letters) Location: a small village in Alsace, France Language: Alsatian Translation:
- Full name: Cadibarrawirracanna (19 letters) Location: a lake in South Australia, Australia. Language: Arabana Translation: "The stars were dancing”
- Full name: Newtownmountkennedy (19 letters) Location: a village in County Wicklow, Ireland Language: English Translation: "A new town near Mt. Kennedy" Notes: the longest official one-word English-derived placename in Ireland.
- Full name: Cottonshopeburnfoot (19 letters) Location: a hamlet in Northumberland, England Language: English Translation: "The end of the Cottonshope Burn" (a tributary that flows into the River Rede)
- Full name: Nyugotszenterzsébet (19 letters) Location: a small village in Baranya, Hungary Language: Hungarian
- Full name: Balatonszentgyörgy (19 letters) Location: a village in Somogy County, Hungary Language: Hungarian language Translation: "St. George by Balaton"
- Full name: Bienwaldziegelhutte (19 letters) Location: a small village in Alsace, France Language: Alsatian Translation: "Brick cottage near the bees' wood"
- Full name: Kirkjubæjarklaustur (19 letters) Location: a village in the Skaftárhreppur municipality, Iceland Language: Icelandic language Translation: "Church farm cloister"
- Full name: Kristiinankaupunki (18 letters) Location: a town at western coast of Finland Language: Finnish Translation: "Christina's Town" (referral to Queen Christina of Sweden)
- Full name: Oberschaeffolsheim (18 letters) Location: a small village in Alsace, France Language: Alsatian Translation:
- Full name: Obuladevaracheruvu (18 letters) Location: a village in Kadiri Division, Anatapur District, Andhra Pradesh, India Language: Telugu Translation:
- Full name: Pietramontecorvino (18 letters) Location: a town in Apulia, Italy Language: Italian Translation: Stone of the Corvino mount
- Full name: Thiruvananthapuram (18 letters) Location: a city in Kerala, India Language: Malayalam[citation needed] Translation: "City of Lord Anantha"[17] Notes: Thiruvananthapuram is the capital of Kerala.
- Full name: Breuschwickersheim (18 letters) Location: a village in Alsace, France Language: Alsatian Translation: "Home of the vicar (living next to the) Bruche (river)"
- Full name: Rhosllannerchrugog (18 letters (Welsh spelling)) Location: a village in Wrexham County Borough, Wales Language: Welsh Translation: "Moor of the Heathery Glade"
- Full name: Prachaksinlapakhom (18 letters) Location: a district (Amphoe) in Udon Thani Province, Thailand Language: Thai Translation: Named after Prince Prachaksinlapakhom, son of King Mongkut of Siam
- Full name: Tauberbischofsheim (18 letters) Location: a city in Baden-Württemberg, Germany Language: German Translation: "Home of the bishop (living next to the) Tauber (river)"
- Full name: Andoharanomaintso (17 letters) Location: a town in Madagascar Language: Malagasy Translation: "The place of green springs"
- Full name: Civitacampomarano (17 letters) Location: a village in Molise, Italy Language: Italian Translation: "Village of Marano field"
- Full name: Georgsmarienhütte (17 letters) Location: a little city near Osnabrück, Germany Language: German Translation: The town where King Georg of Hannover and his wife Marie built a steelwork.
- Full name: Kleinfeltersville (17 letters) Location: an unincorporated community in Heidelberg Township, Lebanon County, Pennsylvania, United States
- Full name: Mooselookmeguntic (17 letters) Location: a populated place in Franklin County, Maine, United States Language: Abenaki Translation: "Moose feeding place"
- Full name: Jazgarzewszczyzna (17 letters) Location: A village in Poland Language: Polish Translation: "Jazgarzewski's estate"
- Full name: Kirchheimbolanden (17 letters) Location: A town in Germany Language: German Translation: Unknown, but it includes phrases like "church" and "home".
- Full name: Papahānaumokuākea (17 letters) Location: Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, United States, world's largest protected area (2016) Language: Hawaiian Translation: not known
- Full name: Tytsjerksteradiel (17 letters) Location: a municipality in the province of Friesland in the Netherlands. Language: Dutch Translation: It is named after the town of Tytsjerk, which in turn has its name derived from a person named Tiete.
- Full name: Casalpusterlengo (16 letters) Location: a little city in Lombardy, Italy Language: Italian Translation: Unknown
- Full name: Doddiscombsleigh (16 letters) Location: Devon, United Kingdom Language: English Translation: Unknown
- Full name: Esperantinópolis (16 letters) Location: Maranhão, Brazil Language: Brazilian - Portuguese Translation: "City of Esperantina"
- Full name: Eyjafjallajökull (16 letters) Location: Suðurland, Iceland Language: Icelandic Translation: "The glacier of the mountains of the islands"
- Full name: Hódmezővásárhely (16 letters) Location: Csongrád County, Hungary Language: Hungarian Translation: "Beaver Field Marketplace"
- Full name: Ittoqqortoormiit (16 letters) Location: Sermersooq, Greenland Language: East Greenlandic Translation: "Big-House Dwellers"
- Full name: Moretonhampstead (16 letters) Location: Devon, United Kingdom Language: English Translation: "Moor town, Homestead"
- Full name: Mustafakemalpaşa (16 letters) Location: Bursa Province, Turkey Language: Turkish Translation: "General Mustafa Kemal"
- Full name: Brzyskorzystewko (16 letters) Location: Żnin County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland Language: Polish Translation: Unknown
- Full name: Penrhyndeudraeth (16 letters) Location: Wales, United Kingdom Language: Welsh Translation: "Peninsula inbetween two beaches"
- Full name: Bhimarayanagudi (15 letters) Location: a camp town in Gulbarga, Karnataka, India Language: Kannada Translation: "Temple of Bheemaraya(Bhima)"
- Full name: Blagoveshchensk (15 letters) Location: Amur Oblast, Russia Language: Russian Translation: "The Place of Good News"
- Full name: Aguaqueterique (15 letters) Location: La Paz, Honduras Language: Spanish Translation: "Water that enriches you"
- Full name: Pindamonhangaba (15 letters) Location: São Paulo, Brazil Language: Tupi Translation: "Place where fish hooks are made"
- Full name: Streisângeorgiu (15 letters) Location: Hunedoara, Romania Language: Romanian Translation: Unknown, but "Sângeorgiu" references Saint George.
- Full name: Senangkhanikhom (15 letters) Location: a district (amphoe) in Amnat Charoen Province, Thailand Language: Thai Translation: "Army settlement"
- Full name: Wachiraphayaban (15 letters) Location: a subdistrict (khwaeng) in Dusit, Bangkok, Thailand Language: Thai Translation: "Vajira Hospital" (located in the subdistrict)
- Full name: Thepphamongkhon (15 letters) Location: a subdistrict (tambon) in Bang Sai District (1413), Ayutthaya, Thailand Language: Thai Translation: "Auspicious god"
- Full name: Itaquaquecetuba (15 letters) Short form: Itaquá[18] Location: São Paulo, Brazil Language: Tupi Translation: "Place of abundant bamboo sharp as knives"
- Full name: Tiruchirappalli (15 letters) Location: Tamil Nadu, India Language: Tamil Translation: "Holy Little Town"
- Full name: Thrakomakedones (15 letters) Location: a village in Acharnes municipality, Greece Language: Greek Translation: "Thraco-Macedonians"
Names with spaces or hyphens
- Krungthepmahanakhon Amonrattanakosin Mahintharayutthaya Mahadilokphop Noppharatratchathaniburirom Udomratchaniwetmahasathan Amonphimanawatansathit Sakkathattiyawitsanukamprasit (176 letters)
- in Thai: กรุงเทพมหานคร อมรรัตนโกสินทร์ มหินทรายุธยา มหาดิลกภพ นพรัตนราชธานีบูรีรมย์ อุดมราชนิเวศน์มหาสถาน อมรพิมานอวตารสถิต สักกะทัตติยวิษณุกรรมประสิทธิ์ (132 letters + 7 spaces)
- Some long Thai place names are also:
- Nikhom Sang Ton-eng Lam Dom Noi, Sirindhorn, Ubon Ratchathani
- Phra Borom Maha Ratcha Wang, Phra Nakhon, Bangkok
- Khlong Nakhon Nueang Khet, Mueang Chachoengsao District
- Pak Phanang Fang Tawan Tok (The western Pak Phanang), Pak Phanang District, Nakhon Si Thammarat
- Pak Phanang Fang Tawan Ok (The eastern Pak Phanang), Pak Phanang District
- Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Province
- Pak Khlong Phasi Charoen, Phasi Charoen, Bangkok
- Thung Kratat Phatthana, Nong Ki, Buriram
- Khlong Udom Chonlachon, Mueang Chachoengsao District
- Longest place name in Canada: Corporation of the United Townships of Dysart, Dudley, Harcourt, Guilford, Harburn, Bruton, Havelock, Eyre and Clyde (61 letters, 68 non-space characters), usually shortened to Dysart, et al., Ontario
- Montevideo: Muy Fiel y Reconquistadora Ciudad de San Felipe y Santiago de Montevideo (60 letters)
- Caracas: Santiago de León de Caracas (23 letters)
- Sri Lanka: Sri Jayawardenapura Kotte (23 letters)
- Some long U.S. place names appearing in the Geographic Names Information System are:[19]
- Winchester-on-the-Severn, Maryland, and Washington-on-the-Brazos, Texas are the longest hyphenated place names in the U.S. (21 letters)
- Rancho Santa Margarita, California
- Oxon Hill-Glassmanor, Maryland
- Dalworthington Gardens, Texas
- Little Harbor on the Hillsboro, FL
- Pops Hammock Seminole Village, FL
- Friendly Village of Crooked Creek, GA
- Manchester-by-the-Sea, Massachusetts
- Howey-in-the-Hills, Florida
- Little Diamond Island Landing, ME
- Los Ranchos de Albuquerque, New Mexico
- Orchard Point At Piney Orchard, MD
- Point Field Landing on the Severn, MD
- Riverside Village of Church Creek, MD
- Monmouth Heights at Manalapan, NJ
- Staffordville Public Landing, NJ
- Holly View Forest-Highland Park, NC
- The Village of Indian Hill, Ohio
- Slovenska Narodna Podporna Jednota, Pennsylvania
- The Landing at Plantation Point, SC
- Big Thicket Creekmore Village, Texas
- Kinney and Gourlays Improved City Plat, UT
- Little Cottonwood Creek Valley, Utah
- West Virginia Central Junction, West Virginia
- Marine on St. Croix, Minnesota
- South Chicago Heights, Illinois
- The U.S. state with the longest name is Rhode Island, which officially is named '‘the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations.[20]
- The original name of Los Angeles, CA, in 1781, was "El Pueblo de Nuestra Señora la Reina de los Ángeles del Río de Porciúncula"; in English this means "The Town of Our Lady the Queen of Angels of the Porciúncula River".[21]
- The longest hyphenated name in England is the 29-letter-long name Sutton-under-Whitestonecliffe, the name of a tiny village in North Yorkshire.
- The longest names for communes in France, with 38 letters each, are Saint-Remy-en-Bouzemont-Saint-Genest-et-Isson, Marne (45 characters including hyphens), Saint-Germain-de-Tallevende-la-Lande-Vaumont, Calvados (44 characters), and Beaujeu-Saint-Vallier-Pierrejux-et-Quitteur, Haute-Saône (43 characters).
- The longest place name in Austria is Pfaffenschlag bei Waidhofen an der Thaya (40 characters).
- The longest place name in Spain is Colinas del Campo de Martín Moro Toledano de Castilla y León, in the province of León (50 characters).
- The longest place name in Finland is Semmonen niemi, jossa käärme koiraa pisti, in the municipality of Perho (36 characters, including a comma). The English translation is That cape where a snake bit the dog.
- The longest municipality name in the Czech Republic is the name of Nová Ves u Nového Města na Moravě (33 characters), the second one is the city of Brandýs nad Labem-Stará Boleslav (32 characters).
- The longest single place name in Germany is Hellschen-Heringsand-Unterschaar in Schleswig-Holstein (32 characters). In the standard official naming scheme, however, small villages are disambiguated by prefixing them with the name of the main town in the district. The longest official place name is therefore Michelbach an der Bilz-Gschlachtenbretzingen (40 characters).
- The longest place names in Italy are Pino sulla Sponda del Lago Maggiore and San Valentino in Abruzzo Citeriore, with 30 letters, or it's Cortaccia sulla Strada del Vino - Kurtatsch an der Weinstraße considering the official name both in Italian and German.
- The longest place names in Poland are Sobienie Kiełczewskie Pierwsze and Przedmieście Szczebrzeszyńskie, with 30 letters (including spaces).
- The municipality with the longest name in the Netherlands is Kollumerland en Nieuwkruisland (30 characters, including spaces). The longest place name in the Netherlands is Westerhaar-Vriezenveensewijk (28 characters, including hyphen).
- The municipality with the longest name in Brazil is Vila Bela da Santíssima Trindade, with 32 characters (including spaces).
- The municipality with the longest name in Mexico is Dolores Hidalgo Cuna de la Independencia Nacional (49 characters).[22]
- The longest place name in Mexico is San Pedro y San Pablo Tequixtepec (28 letters).
- The longest city name in Argentina is San Fernando del Valle de Catamarca (30 letters).
- Truth or Consequences is a spa city and the county seat of Sierra County, New Mexico, United States.
- The longest name of a settlement in Russia with spaces (not counting official names of municipalities) is (in ISO 9) "posyolok Central'noj usad'by` sovxoza imeni 40-letiya Velikogo Oktyabrya" (Russian: посёлок Центральной усадьбы совхоза имени 40-летия Великого Октября, 50 letters (if not counting the word posyolok/посёлок, which is a generic name for a settlement), and 2 digits, which would give another 6 letters). The English translation is a settlement of The Central Farmstead of the Sovkhoz named after the 40-years Anniversary of the Great October.
- The longest hyphenated name of a settlement in Belgium is Nil-Saint-Vincent-Saint-Martin, 26 letters, which means ‘brook of Saint Vincent and Saint Martin’.
- The longest hyphenated name of a settlement in Russia is Kremenchug-Konstantinovskoye (Кременчуг-Константиновское, 25 letters). The English translation is (new) Kremenchug named after Konstantin (a first settler)".
- Long place name on the Isle of Anglesey: Llanfair Mathafarn Eithaf which translates from Welsh to "Saint Mary's church with a tavern at the end of the field". (23 Letters)
See also
References
- ^ Geographic Names Information System: Lake Chaubunagungamaug
- ^ Patenaude, Ed (June 28, 2001). "Fabrication leaves us gasping - Old twist to name of lake comes to light". Worcester Telegram & Gazette. Archived from the original on July 23, 2003. Retrieved 2009-04-20.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|dead-url=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ "How Tweebuffelsmeteenskootmorsdoodgeskietfontein Got its Name". Archived from the original on 26 May 2009. Retrieved 25 April 2010.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ "Professor AM de Lange". Retrieved 25 April 2010.
- ^ "HUNT FOR TWO BUFFALOES". Retrieved 25 April 2010.
- ^ "Tweebuffels". Geocodes. Retrieved 2011-07-27.
- ^ Template:Eu Iñaki Arranz, Hitza azti, Alberdania, 2006, 283 pages. (Zein da euskal hitzik luzeena?)
- ^ VARIEDADES EUSKARAS
- ^ a b "LearnEnglish - British Council". Learn English - British Council.
- ^ "Geoscience Australia Gazeteer". Archived from the original on 2007-10-01.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ a b "Bullaunanchaeathrairalainn". Placenames Database of Ireland.
- ^ Russia on the digital map / Yandex Template:Link language
- ^ Lonely Planet. "Onafhankelijkheidsplein". Lonely Planet.
- ^ Lonely Planet Destinations
- ^ "O. Rygh: Norske Gaardnavne". uio.no.
- ^ "(French) La Toponymie des Cris" (PDF).
- ^ "About Thiruvananthapuram". Thiruvananthapuram Municipal Corporation. Archived from the original on 18 September 2010. Retrieved 11 February 2012.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ "Ex-secretário de 'Itaquá' é assassinado a tiros".
- ^ "A Collection of Word Oddities and Trivia". tripod.com.
- ^ "Constitution of the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations". State of Rhode Island General Assembly. Archived from the original on September 19, 2008. Retrieved September 9, 2007.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ Sullivan, Noelle (December 8, 2009). It Happened in Southern California: Remarkable Events That Shaped History (2nd ed.). Globe Pequot. pp. 7–9. ISBN 978-0-7627-5423-6. Retrieved 2011-09-29.
- ^ Catálogo de claves de entidades federativas, municipios y localidadets Archived 2010-09-01 at the Wayback Machine