List of Madonna concerts
Madonna concerts | |
---|---|
![]() Collage depicting Madonna's eleven concert tours, beginning with 1985's The Virgin Tour and ending with the Madame X Tour (2019–2020) | |
Concert tours | 12 |
One-off concerts | 19 |
Benefit concerts | 9 |
Music festivals | 7 |
American singer Madonna has performed on twelve concert tours, nineteen one-off concerts, nine benefit concerts, and three music festivals. Madonna has been nicknamed by some publications as the "Queen of Concerts" or "Queen of Touring", recognizing her "years-deep involvement in the touring game" and stage shows.[1][2] Once the highest-grossing female touring artist according to Billboard Boxscore and Pollstar,[3][4] Madonna remains one of the highest-grossing live touring acts.
Her 1985 debut concert tour, The Virgin Tour, was held in North America only and went on to collect more than US$5 million.[5] In 1987 she performed on the worldwide Who's That Girl World Tour, which visited Europe, North America and Japan, and earned $25 million.[6][7] One of the tour's shows in Paris in front of 130,000 fans was the largest paying concert audience by a female artist at the time and remains the largest crowd of any concert in French history.[8][9] In 1990, she embarked on the Blond Ambition World Tour, which was dubbed the "Greatest Concert of the 1990s" by Rolling Stone.[10] BBC credited the tour with "invent[ing] the modern, multi-media pop spectacle".[11] In 1993, Madonna visited Israel and Turkey for the first time, followed by Latin America and Australia, with The Girlie Show.[7] A review in Time by Sam Buckley said: "Madonna, once the Harlow harlot and now a perky harlequin, is the greatest show-off on earth."[12]
Madonna did not tour again until the Drowned World Tour in 2001. She played the guitar and her costumes included a punkish tartan kilt and a geisha kimono. Some critics complained that the show concentrated on material from her most recent albums, but generally, the response was favorable.[7] She grossed more than US$75 million with summer sold-out shows and eventually played in front of 730,000 people throughout North America and Europe.[13][14] The Drowned World Tour was followed by the 2004 Re-Invention World Tour. Madonna was inspired to create the tour after taking part in an art installation called X-STaTIC PRo=CeSS, directed by photographer Steven Klein.[15] Billboard awarded Madonna the "Backstage Pass Award" in recognition of having the top-grossing tour of the year, with ticket sales of nearly US$125 million.[16]
Madonna's next tours broke world records, with the 2006 Confessions Tour grossing over US$194.7 million,[17] becoming the highest-grossing tour ever for a female artist at that time.[18] This feat was surpassed in 2008 with the Sticky & Sweet Tour, which at the time, became the highest-grossing tour ever by a solo artist, and the second highest-grossing tour of all time, with approximately US$411 million in ticket sales.[19] In 2012, The MDNA Tour was completed as the tenth highest-grossing tour of all time with US$305 million, the second highest among female artists at the time, only behind the Sticky & Sweet Tour.[20] Her 2015–16 Rebel Heart Tour was an all-arena tour which grossed $169.8 million from 1.045 million attendance.[21] The Celebration Tour, which acted as Madonna's first retrospective show, became one of the world's fastest-selling concert tours. Billboard reported the Celebration tour to have grossed over $225.4 million from an audience of 1.1 million.[22] The free concert in Rio de Janeiro drew a crowd of over 1.6 million people, which became Madonna's largest crowd of her career and set records for the largest audience ever for a stand-alone concert and the largest all-time crowd for a female artist.[23]
Madonna has embarked on several promotional concerts to promote her studio albums, as well as performing award shows and benefit concerts like Live Aid (1985), Live 8 (2005) and Live Earth (2007). In 2012, she headlined the Super Bowl XLVI halftime show, which at that time was the most-watched halftime show in history. According to Billboard Boxscore, Madonna grossed over $1.31 billion in concert ticket sales between 1990 and 2016; she first crossed a billion gross with The MDNA Tour. Overall, Madonna ranks third, with just The Rolling Stones ($1.84 billion) and U2 ($1.67 billion) ahead of her.[21] During the London stop of her 2006 Confessions Tour, Madonna became the first performer to be inducted into the Wembley Arena Square of Fame.[24]
Concert tours
[edit]Title | Date | Associated album(s) | Continent(s) | Shows | Gross | Gross adj. in 2023[25] |
Attendance | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The Virgin Tour | April 10, 1985 – June 11, 1985 | Madonna Like a Virgin |
North America | 40 | $5,000,000 | $14,164,604 | 400,000[a] | [5] [26][27] |
Who's That Girl World Tour | June 14, 1987 – September 6, 1987 | True Blue Who's That Girl |
Asia North America Europe |
38 | $25,000,000 | $67,047,452 | 1,317,663 | [28] [29] |
Blond Ambition World Tour | April 13, 1990 – August 5, 1990 | Like a Prayer I'm Breathless |
Asia North America Europe |
57 | $62,700,000 | $146,225,471 | 2,000,000[a] | [30] [31] [32] |
The Girlie Show | September 25, 1993 – December 19, 1993 | Erotica | Europe North America South America Asia Oceania |
39 | $70,000,000 | $147,643,400 | 1,279,123 | [33] [34] |
Drowned World Tour | June 9, 2001 – September 15, 2001 | Ray of Light Music |
Europe North America |
47 | $75,000,000 | $129,054,689 | 732,606 | [35] [36] |
Re-Invention World Tour | May 24, 2004 – September 14, 2004 | American Life | Europe North America |
56 | $124,790,787 | $201,300,995 | 897,207 | [37] [38] |
Confessions Tour | May 21, 2006 – September 21, 2006 | Confessions on a Dance Floor | Europe North America Asia |
60 | $194,754,447 | $294,349,904 | 1,209,593 | [39] [40] |
Sticky & Sweet Tour | August 23, 2008 – September 2, 2009 | Hard Candy | Europe North America South America Asia |
85 | $411,000,000 | $583,700,326 | 3,545,899 | [19] [41] |
The MDNA Tour | May 31, 2012 – December 22, 2012 | MDNA | Asia Europe North America South America |
88 | $305,158,362 | $404,990,573 | 2,212,345 | [42] [43] |
Rebel Heart Tour | September 9, 2015 – March 20, 2016 | Rebel Heart | North America Europe Asia Oceania |
82 | $169,804,336 | $215,575,222 | 1,045,479 | [21] |
Madame X Tour | September 17, 2019 – March 8, 2020 | Madame X | North America Europe |
75 | $51,361,008 | $61,208,042 | 179,289 | [44] [45] |
The Celebration Tour | October 14, 2023 – May 4, 2024 | Various | Europe North America South America |
81 | $225,400,000 | $225,400,000 | 1,127,658 |
One-off concerts
[edit]Date | Event | City | Venue | Performed song(s) | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
October 13, 1983 | Madonna promotional show | London | Camden Palace |
|
[46] |
February 14, 1998 | Ray of Light promotional show | New York City | Roxy NYC |
|
[47] |
November 5, 2000 | Music promotional show | Roseland Ballroom |
|
[48] | |
November 29, 2000 | Music promotional show | London | Brixton Academy |
|
[49] |
April 22, 2003 | Madonna: On Stage and on the Record | New York City | MTV Studios |
|
[50] |
April 23, 2003 | American Life promotional show | Tower Records |
|
[51] | |
April 30, 2003 | Absolut Madonna | Cologne | RTL Studio |
|
[52] |
May 9, 2003 | American Life promotional show | London | HMV Oxford Circus |
|
[53] |
November 15, 2005 | Confessions on a Dance Floor promotional show | KOKO |
|
[54] | |
November 19, 2005 | Confessions on a Dance Floor promotional show | G-A-Y |
|
[55] | |
December 7, 2005 | Confessions on a Dance Floor promotional show | Tokyo | Studio Coast |
|
[56] |
April 30, 2008 | Hard Candy promotional show | New York City | Roseland Ballroom |
|
[57] |
May 6, 2008 | Hard Candy promotional show | Paris | Olympia |
|
[58] |
May 10, 2008 | Hard Candy promotional show | Maidstone | Mote Park | [59] | |
February 2, 2012 | Super Bowl XLVI halftime show | Indianapolis | Lucas Oil Stadium |
|
[60] |
March 10, 2016 | Madonna: Tears of a Clown | Melbourne | Forum Theatre |
|
[61] |
November 7, 2016 | Hillary Clinton campaign concert | New York City | Washington Square Park |
|
[62] |
May 7, 2018 | Met Gala | Metropolitan Museum of Art |
|
[63] | |
June 30, 2019 | Stonewall 50 – WorldPride NYC | Pier 97, Hudson River Park |
|
[64] | |
April 30, 2022 | Medallo en el Mapa (Maluma hometown concert) | Medellín | Estadio Atanasio Girardot | [65] | |
June 24, 2022 | NYC Pride March | New York City | Terminal 5 |
|
[66] |
Benefit concerts
[edit]Music festivals
[edit]Date | Event | City | Performed song(s) | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|
February 22, 1995 | Sanremo Music Festival | Sanremo | "Take a Bow" (with Babyface) | [76] |
February 24, 1998 | Sanremo Music Festival | Sanremo | "Frozen" | [77] |
April 30, 2006 | Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival | Indio |
|
[78] |
May 10, 2008 | BBC Radio 1's Big Weekend | Maidstone |
|
[79] |
March 25, 2012 | Ultra Music Festival | Miami | "Girl Gone Wild" (as a guest during Avicii's act) | [80] |
April 12, 2015 | Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival | Indio |
|
[81] |
May 18, 2019 | Eurovision Song Contest | Tel Aviv |
|
See also
[edit]- List of performances on Top of the Pops
- List of most-watched television broadcasts
- List of most-attended concert tours
- List of most-attended concerts
- List of highest-grossing live music artists
- List of highest-grossing concert tours
- List of highest-grossing concert tours by women
Notes
[edit]References
[edit]Citations
[edit]- ^ Brathwaite, Lester Fabian (March 4, 2015). "Re-Evolution: 30 Years of Madonna in Concert". Logo TV. Archived from the original on August 5, 2022. Retrieved August 4, 2022.
- ^ "Billboard on Instagram". Billboard. March 16, 2016. Archived from the original on April 28, 2022. Retrieved April 28, 2022 – via Instagram.
- ^ a b Frankenberg, Eric (January 20, 2023). "How Much Money Could Madonna's Celebration Tour Make?". Billboard. Archived from the original on January 21, 2023. Retrieved January 21, 2023.
- Lynch, Joe (June 30, 2023). "Madonna Tour on 'Pause' After Bacterial Infection Leads to Hospitalization". Billboard. Archived from the original on October 13, 2023. Retrieved July 5, 2023.
- ^ "Top Touring Artists Of The Pollstar Era" (PDF). Pollstar. July 7, 2022. pp. 1, 3. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 5, 2022. Retrieved August 3, 2022.
- ^ a b Sherman, Heidi (July 7, 2001). "Madonna 'The Virgin Tour' 1985". Spin. 17 (7). Spin Media LLC. ISSN 0886-3032. Archived from the original on February 7, 2023. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
- ^ Barker, Emily (November 12, 2014). "10 Badass Photos Of Madonna From The 80s". NME. Archived from the original on November 10, 2017. Retrieved November 24, 2017.
- ^ a b c Young, Neil (May 24, 2004). "Show-stealer Madonna on tour". BBC. BBC. Archived from the original on August 4, 2017. Retrieved May 13, 2010.
- ^ Bassets, Luis (August 31, 1987). "Madonna convocó en París a 130.000 personas". El País (in Spanish). Madrid: Jesús de Polanco. Archived from the original on March 11, 2021. Retrieved May 4, 2009.
- ^ Greenhouse, Stephen (August 29, 1987). "Chirac Says 'Oui' to Madonna And Angers a Local Mayor". The New York Times. Archived from the original on June 15, 2013. Retrieved March 23, 2013.
- ^ "Ahead of her Eurovision performance, look back at Madonna's trailblazing fashion moments". The Daily Telegraph. August 16, 2016. Archived from the original on August 30, 2018. Retrieved March 20, 2019.
- ^ Savage, Mark (December 2, 2015). "Madonna returns to scene of Brits fall". BBC. Archived from the original on December 2, 2015. Retrieved March 20, 2019.
- ^ Taraborrelli 2002, p. 230
- ^ Reporter, BBC (September 21, 2006). "Madonna world tour 'sets record'". BBC. BBC Online. Archived from the original on January 4, 2009. Retrieved May 8, 2010.
- ^ Cross 2007, p. 90
- ^ Timmerman 2007, p. 23
- ^ Dunhill, Sam (November 4, 2004). "Madonna Tour Gets Top 'Backstage Pass' Honor". Billboard. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved July 13, 2008.
- ^ Young, Tom (February 21, 2007). "Madonna, The Confessions Tour". BBC. Archived from the original on April 24, 2010. Retrieved July 13, 2008.
- ^ Waddell, Ray (September 20, 2006). "Madonna's 'Confessions' Tour Sets Record". Billboard. Archived from the original on July 4, 2013. Retrieved July 13, 2008.
- ^ a b Allen, Bob (March 27, 2020). "Ladies Might: Box Office Triumph By Top Female Earners". Pollstar. Archived from the original on March 28, 2020. Retrieved March 27, 2020.
- ^ Waddell, Ray (January 23, 2013). "Madonna's 'MDNA' Tour Makes Billboard Boxscore's All-Time Top 10". Billboard. Archived from the original on February 20, 2017. Retrieved February 23, 2013.
- ^ a b c Allen, Bob (March 24, 2016). "Madonna Extends Record as Highest-Grossing Solo Touring Artist: $1.31 Billion Earned". Billboard. Archived from the original on March 24, 2016. Retrieved March 24, 2016.
- ^ Frankenberg, Eric (May 9, 2024). "Madonna is only woman to achieve this boxscore feat as the Celebration Tour wraps". Billboard. Archived from the original on May 10, 2024. Retrieved May 10, 2024.
- ^ Kreps, Daniel (May 5, 2024). "Madonna closes out Celebration Tour in front of record-setting 1.6 million fans in Brazil". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on May 5, 2024. Retrieved May 7, 2024.(subscription required)
- ^ "Madonna gets first Wembley honour". BBC News (BBC). August 2, 2006. Archived from the original on April 10, 2012. Retrieved December 7, 2010.
- ^ 1634–1699: McCusker, J. J. (1997). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1700–1799: McCusker, J. J. (1992). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1800–present: Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. "Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–". Retrieved February 29, 2024.
- ^ "Madonna.com > Tours > The Virgin Tour". Icon: The Official Madonna website. Archived from the original on January 2, 2010. Retrieved July 2, 2010.
- ^ Thompson, Douglas Henry (1991). The movies. Secaucus, New Jersey: Carol Pub. Group. p. 57. ISBN 978-1-5597-2099-1.
There were the business things: the fantastic success of the "Like a Virgin" tour which played to nearly 400,000 fans in twenty-seven cities with Beastie Boys as the supporting band.
{{cite book}}
:|work=
ignored (help) - ^ Taraborrelli 2002, p. 126
- ^ Bego 2000, p. 190
- ^ Voller 1999, p. 32
- ^ "Madonna.com > Tours: Blond Ambition Tour". Icon: The Official Madonna website. Archived from the original on January 2, 2010. Retrieved June 22, 2014.
- ^ Tassoni, Leo (1993). "En la cama con Madonna". Madonna (in Spanish). Icaria Editorial. p. 140. ISBN 84-7426-207-0. Archived from the original on February 7, 2023. Retrieved February 19, 2021.
A lo largo de más de cuatro meses, Madonna desgranó su dieciocho temas en Japón, Norteamérica y Europa, actuando ante más de dos millones de personas
- ^ Hadden, Brian (September 10, 1993). "Madonna: She's back again". Time. Vol. 142, no. 24. New York. ISSN 0040-781X. Archived from the original on February 7, 2023. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
- ^ "Madonna.com > Tours > The Girlie Show". Icon: The Official Madonna website. Archived from the original on January 2, 2010. Retrieved September 18, 2011.
- ^ Caulfield, Keith (December 29, 2001). "The Year in Touring". Billboard. Vol. 113, no. 52. New York City. p. 44. ISSN 0006-2510.
- ^ Drowned World Tour 2001 (DVD). Madonna. Santa Monica: Warner Music Vision. 2001. p. 13. 7599-38558-2.
{{cite AV media notes}}
: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) - ^ Silverman, Stephen M. (June 1, 2004). "Madonna Boasts Top-Grossing Show of Year". People. Archived from the original on March 15, 2010. Retrieved October 30, 2009.
- ^ Timmerman 2007, p. 27
- ^ Waddell, Ray (September 20, 2006). "Madonna's 'Confessions' Tour Sets Record". Billboard. Archived from the original on July 4, 2013. Retrieved July 13, 2008.
- ^ "Track list: Madonna's Confessions Tour". Rolling Stone. June 1, 2006. Archived from the original on June 22, 2008. Retrieved October 16, 2009.
- ^ Reporter, Associated (September 2, 2009). "Madonna 'Takes a Bow' as Final Show of Record-Smashing 'Sticky & Sweet' Tour Ends..." Reuters. Archived from the original on January 10, 2010. Retrieved May 13, 2010.
- ^ "Top 25 Tours of 2012". Billboard. January 3, 2013. Archived from the original on March 1, 2013. Retrieved June 6, 2013.
- ^ "MDNA World Tour To Be Released In Multiple Formats September 10th". Madonna.com. August 8, 2013. Archived from the original on August 12, 2013. Retrieved August 12, 2013.
- ^ Shaffer, Claire (May 6, 2019). "Madonna Announces Intimate Theater Performances in 'Madame X' Tour". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on November 21, 2019. Retrieved May 6, 2019.
- ^ Roffman, Michael (October 18, 2019). "Live Review: Madonna Challenges Fans as Madame X at The Chicago Theatre (10/16)". Consequence of Sound. Archived from the original on June 22, 2021. Retrieved December 27, 2019.
- ^ Robin Denselow, Bart Mills (October 15, 2009). "From the archive: Madonna at Camden Palace". The Guardian. Archived from the original on February 22, 2014. Retrieved February 9, 2014.
- ^ Vineyard, Jennifer (February 16, 1998). "Madonna Lights Up New York's Roxy". MTV News. Viacom. Archived from the original on February 21, 2014. Retrieved February 9, 2014.
- ^ Aquilante, Dan (November 6, 2000). "It'S Free-Dom For All As Madonna Plays Roseland". New York Post. Archived from the original on February 21, 2014. Retrieved February 9, 2014.
- ^ Sawyer, Miranda (December 3, 2000). "Madonna gets them in". The Guardian. Archived from the original on February 22, 2014. Retrieved February 9, 2014.
- ^ "Madonna: On Stage and On the Record". On the Record. Season 5. New York City. April 22, 2003. MTV.
- ^ Christman, Ed (May 10, 2003). "Retail Track: Madonna Makes Music". Billboard. Vol. 115, no. 19. p. 45. Archived from the original on February 7, 2023. Retrieved February 9, 2014.
- ^ Wellershoff, Von Marianne (May 4, 2003). "RTL und der Weltsuperstar: Schülerzeitung meets Madonna". Der Spiegel (in German). Archived from the original on February 21, 2014. Retrieved February 9, 2014.
- ^ Davies, Hugh (May 10, 2003). "HMV? More like a Virgin". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on March 8, 2014. Retrieved February 9, 2014.
- ^ Hand, John (November 16, 2005). "Entertainment | Madonna's intimate night with her fans". BBC News. Archived from the original on December 1, 2017. Retrieved February 9, 2014.
- ^ "News > Madonna performs live from the G-A-Y Astoria in London". Madonna.com. Archived from the original on February 21, 2014. Retrieved February 9, 2014.
- ^ "News > Madonna performs live from the Studio Coast club in Tokyo". Madonna.com. Archived from the original on February 21, 2014. Retrieved February 9, 2014.
- ^ Harris, Chris (May 1, 2008). "Madonna — With Special Guest Justin Timberlake – Rips Through A Furiously Paced Set In NYC". MTV News. Viacom. Archived from the original on December 10, 2013. Retrieved February 9, 2014.
- ^ "Madonna loves to 'french the French'". The Sydney Morning Herald. May 7, 2008. Archived from the original on June 16, 2014. Retrieved February 9, 2014.
- ^ "Madonna reigns supreme with her return to live performance". Hello. May 11, 2008. Archived from the original on November 28, 2018. Retrieved November 28, 2018.
- ^ Vena, Jocelyn (February 5, 2012). "Madonna Gives High Energy Super Bowl Halftime Show". MTV News. Archived from the original on April 18, 2012. Retrieved August 28, 2014.
- ^ Brandle, Lars (March 3, 2016). "Madonna Announces Intimate Music, Art and Comedy Club Show for Australian Fans". Billboard. Archived from the original on May 5, 2016. Retrieved March 3, 2016.
- ^ "Madonna Performs Surprise Concert for Clinton in NYC Park". WNBC. November 7, 2016. Archived from the original on November 9, 2016. Retrieved November 8, 2016.
- ^ Park, Andrea (May 8, 2018). "Met Gala 2018: Madonna Performs "Like a Prayer"". W Magazine. Archived from the original on April 5, 2019. Retrieved May 8, 2018.
- ^ Setoodeh, Ramin (June 30, 2019). "Madonna Closes World Pride With Message About Gun Violence in America". Variety. Archived from the original on August 14, 2019. Retrieved July 1, 2019.
- ^ Gomez, Luis (May 1, 2022). "Maluma Delivers Hometown Extravaganza in Medellin With Surprise Guests Madonna, Feid & More". Billboard. Archived from the original on May 1, 2022. Retrieved May 1, 2022.
- ^ Lynch, Joe (June 24, 2022). "Madonna Makes Out With Tokischa During NYC Pride Week". Billboard. Archived from the original on August 3, 2022. Retrieved August 4, 2022.
- ^ Morton 2002, p. 332
- ^ Pareles, Jon (April 29, 1998). "POP REVIEW; Meet the Beatles Again, And Their Musical Fans". The New York Times. Archived from the original on March 6, 2016. Retrieved December 8, 2012.
- ^ Reporter, Press (January 18, 2005). "Stars lend a hand". MSNBC. Archived from the original on October 5, 2010. Retrieved May 13, 2010.
- ^ "Madonna: The Live 8 Event". BBC News. July 2, 2006. Archived from the original on November 6, 2011. Retrieved May 13, 2010.
- ^ "£17m raised by BBC Children in Need so far". BBC News. November 19, 2005. Archived from the original on November 23, 2009. Retrieved August 28, 2014.
- ^ Sutherland, Mark (July 7, 2007). "Live Earth London Wraps With Madonna Spectacular". Billboard. Archived from the original on December 16, 2016. Retrieved August 28, 2014.
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- ^ "Madonna and Babyface perform 'Take A Bow' at the San Remo Festival". Madonna.com. February 2, 1995. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved April 14, 2016.
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Book sources
[edit]- Batchelor, Bob; Stoddart, Scott (2007), The 1980s, Bloomsbury Academic, ISBN 978-0-313-33000-1
- Bego, Mark (2000), Madonna: Blonde Ambition, Cooper Square Press, ISBN 0-8154-1051-4
- Clerk, Carol (2002), Madonnastyle, Omnibus Press, ISBN 0-7119-8874-9
- Cross, Mary (2007), Madonna: A Biography, Bloomsbury Academic, ISBN 978-0-313-33811-3
- Fouz-Hernández, Santiago; Jarman-Ivens, Freya (2004), Madonna's Drowned Worlds, Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., ISBN 0-7546-3372-1
- Guilbert, Georges-Claude (2002), Madonna As Postmodern Myth, McFarland, ISBN 0-7864-1408-1
- Morton, Andrew (2002), Madonna, Macmillan Publishers, ISBN 0-312-98310-7
- Rooksby, Rikky (2004), The Complete Guide to the Music of Madonna, Omnibus Press, ISBN 0-7119-9883-3
- Taraborrelli, Randy J. (2002), Madonna: An Intimate Biography, Simon & Schuster, ISBN 0-7432-2709-3
- Timmerman, Dirk (2007), Madonna Live! Secret Re-inventions and Confessions on Tour, Maklu Publications Inc, ISBN 9789085950028
- Voller, Debbi (1999), Madonna: The Style Book, Omnibus Press, ISBN 0-7119-7511-6