National Széchényi Library
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The National Széchényi Library (Hungarian: Országos Széchényi Könyvtár) (OSZK) is a library in Budapest, Hungary. It is one of the two Hungarian national libraries, the other being the University of Debrecen Library.
History
The library was founded in 1802 by the highly patriotic Hungarian aristocrat Count Ferenc Széchényi. Széchényi traveled the world buying Hungarian books, which he assembled and donated to the nation. In the following year the public library was opened in Pest. Széchényi's example resulted in a nationwide movement of book donations to the library.[1]
In 1808, the Hungarian National Assembly ("Diet") created the Hungarian National Museum to collect the historical, archaeological and natural relics of Hungary. The Museum was merged into the Library and for the last 200 years this is how it has existed, a national depository for written, printed and objective relics of the Hungarian past.[1]
In 1846, the Hungarian National Museum moved into its new building but it was not until 1949 that the Library became a separate entity again, with its current name. In 1985, the library moved to its new home at the Buda Castle Palace. The NSZL works on its catalogue's semantic availability.[2]
Directors
- 1985—1993 Gyula Juhász
Collections
- Hungarian publishing houses printed copies for every printed material:
- publications and prints of any kind produced in Hungary
- works published abroad in the Hungarian language or written by Hungarian authors.
- non-book materials (sound recordings, video materials, electronic documents, etc.);
- 8 million items comprising :
- 2.5 million books
- 385,000 volumes of serial publications (newspapers and periodicals)
- 270,000 written and audio music documents
- 1 million manuscripts
- 200,000 maps, including the Tabula Hungariae, which was inscribed on UNESCO's Memory of the World Register in 2007[3]
- 320,000 pictures and engravings
- 3 million posters and small prints.
- microfilm copies of more than 272,000 documents.
- Collection of Early Books
- the first book printed in Hungary, the Chronica Hungarorum ("Chronicle of the Hungarians"), which was printed and published in 1473
- 8,600 copies of works published before 1711
- 1,814 incunabula dating from the first century of book printing
- the oldest existing text in Hungarian: the 12th century Funeral Sermon and Prayer is the first known continuous prose text in Hungarian (and in the Uralic language family as a whole).
- the first known Hungarian poem (Old Hungarian Lament of Mary the Virgin)
- the oldest surviving manuscript of the first Hungarian law-book (Decretum Sancti Stephani Regis, "Decree of Saint Stephen the King")
- 35 Corvina codices from the library of King Matthias Corvinus.
Discovery of New Mozart Autograph
In 2014, a Hungarian librarian discovered four pages of Mozart's original score (autograph) of the sonata in Budapest's National Széchényi Library. Until then, only the last page of the autograph survived.[A] The paper and handwriting of the four pages matched that of the final page of the score, held in Salzburg. Zoltán Kocsis gave the first performance of the discovered score in September 2014.[6]
See also
References
Notes
- ^ The original score is close to the first edition, published in 1784.[4] However, in the first movement, in bars 5 and 6 of Variation V, the rhythm of the final eight note of the bar was altered by various editions throughout time. In the menuetto, the last quarter beat of bar 3 is a C-sharp in most editions, but in the autograph an A is printed.[5]
Citations
- ^ a b "History of the Library". National Széchényi Library. Retrieved 26 January 2017.
- ^ "Semantic web - NektarWiki".
- ^ "Tabula Hungariae". UNESCO Memory of the World Programme. 2008-05-16. Retrieved 2009-12-15.
- ^ Kozinn, Allan (1 October 2014). "A Mozart Mystery: Sonata Manuscript Surfaces in Budapest". The New York Times. p. C4.
- ^ "K. 331 Sonata in A major". Retrieved 12 January 2018.
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(help) - ^ "A rediscovered sonata, as Mozart intended". AFP. 27 September 2014. Archived from the original on 2014-10-09. Retrieved 2015-02-14.
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External links
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