Sarawak Malay

Sarawak Malay
Sarawak Malay
Kelakar Sarawak
Native to	Malaysia
Native speakers	500,000 - 600,000
Language family	Austronesian Malayo-Polynesian (MP) Nuclear MP Malayo-Sumbawan Malayic Malayan Malay[citation needed] Sarawak Malay; ; ; ; ; ; ;
Language codes
ISO 639-3	–
Linguist List	zlm-sar
Glottolog	None

Sarawak Malay (Standard Malay: Bahasa Melayu Sarawak or Bahasa Sarawak, Jawi: بهاس ملايو سراوق, Sarawak Malay: Kelakar Sarawak) is a Malayan language native to the State of Sarawak, Malaysia. It is a common language used by natives of Sarawak. This variant is related to Bruneian Malay, spoken in the districts of Limbang and Lawas (Sarawak) and Pontianak Malay, which is spoken in the neighbouring West Kalimantan province in Indonesia.^{[citation needed]} It is more similar to Ibanic languages compared to Malay variants in Sumatra and the Malayan Peninsula, which makes it mutually unintelligible for Malay speakers outside of Sarawak and Borneo.^{[citation needed]}.

Vocabulary

Below is the differences between Standard Malay and Sarawakian Malay.

baring - gurin
bodoh - bakok, paloi, tuyuk
berlari - berekot
cantik - kacak
garang - gaok
hijau - gadong, ijo
juga - juak
kapal terbang - belon
kecil - kecik, salus
kedekut - bedegis (superlative)
kenapa - kenak
kenyang - kedadak (superlative)
mahu - maok
merah jambu - kalas
pakai - pakei
satu, dua, lima - sigek, duak, limak
sekarang - kinek (tok)
singgah - berambeh
sombong - lawa
tembikai - semangka
tidak - si/sik
tipu - bulak
ya - aok

Most of the words used in Sarawak Malay nowadays are influenced by many languages such as English. These are words that came from English that have been modified according to the local accent:

Action - Eksen
Ball - Bol
Carpet - Kapet
Colour - Kaler
Punctured - Pancet
Handphone- Henpon
Motor - Moto
Frying Pan - Prempan
Orange - Oren
Round - Raun

Dialects

There are also other dialects of Sarawakian which is known as Bahasa Laut (Sea Language) Most of the words that are spoken ended with the vowel o. E.g.:

English	Bahasa Sarawak	Bahasa Laut
What	Nakpa	Nakpo
you	Kau/ Kitak	Au/ Itak
Like that	Kedak ya	Pia

Word formation

Word formation in Sarawak Malay is very different from Standard Malay or Malaysian language. Most West Malaysians do not understand Sarawakian conversation. Sabahan is also different from Sarawak Malay. But, there is one similar word that has been used by both Sabahans and Sarawakians: Bah. It is used to stress a sentence. E.g.: Don't do like that - "Iboh polah kedak ya bah." It is similar usage of "lah" in Singlish and in West Malaysia. E.g.: Don't do like that 'lah'. Some Sarawakian Malay language have a similar pronunciation of ai as ei, as in some districts of Perak: serai > serei, kedai > kedei. Some Sarawakian Malay verbs have a final glottal stop after a vowel or in place of final /r/: kena > kenak, air > aik, beri > berik. like Aboriginal Malay languages in West Malaysia.

Many words in Sarawak Malay are being simplified from the original pronunciation and some are totally different. E.g.:

English	Bahasa Malaysia	Bahasa Sarawak
Sweeping	Menyapu	Nyapu
Coconut	Kelapa	Nyior^[1]
More	Lagi	lagik/ Agik/Gik
Road	Jalan Raya	Jeraya
Clever	Pandai	Pandei
Teach	Mengajar	Ngaja
Yes	Ya	aok
Cat	Kucing	Pusak
Dog	Anjing	Asuk
Chicken	Ayam	Manok
Knife	Pisau	ladin (Malay/Melanau) Dandin/ pisok

Colloquial and contemporary usage

Contemporary usage of Bahasa Sarawak includes contemporary Malay words or incorporated from other languages, spoken by the urban speech community, which may not be familiar to the older generation. E.g.: SMS language. E.g.:

English	Bahasa Sarawak	SMS Text
You	Kitak	ktk
me	Kamek	kmk
No	Sik	x
Message	Mesej	msg
Nothing	Sikda	xda

References

Daftar Kata DIALEK MELAYU SARAWAK Edisi Kedua (ISBN 9836263241)

^ In Indonesian Language: Kelapa means "coconut", Niyur means "coconut tree".

External links

Kaipuleohone has an archived notes on Sarawak Malay

[1] In Indonesian Language: Kelapa means "coconut", Niyur means "coconut tree".

[1]