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Thierry Baudet

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Thierry Baudet
Baudet in 2018
Chair and leader of Forum for Democracy
Incumbent
Assumed office
22 September 2016
Leader of Forum for Democracy in the House of Representatives
Incumbent
Assumed office
23 March 2017
Member of the House of Representatives
Incumbent
Assumed office
23 March 2017
Personal details
Born
Thierry Henri Philippe Baudet

(1983-01-28) 28 January 1983 (age 41)
Heemstede, Netherlands
Political partyForum for Democracy
(2016–present)
Spouse(s)Davide Heijmans
(m. 2021)
Children1
ResidenceAmsterdam
Alma materUniversity of Amsterdam (BA, LLM)
Leiden University (PhD)
OccupationPolitician, author
Signature

Thierry Henri Philippe Baudet (Dutch: [ˈtɕɛri boːˈdɛ(t), - bʌuˈdɛ(t)]; born 28 January 1983) is a Dutch politician, author, and self-declared[1] conspiracy theorist.[2] He is the founder and leader of the far-right Forum for Democracy (FvD), for which he has been a member of the House of Representatives since 2017. He serves as the party's parliamentary leader.[3] A controversial politician due to his political views, as well as his use of personal attacks against his opponents, he was physically assaulted twice while campaigning in 2023.[4]

Early life

[edit]

Baudet was born in Heemstede into a family of partial Walloon ancestry. His forefather, Pierre Joseph Baudet, immigrated to the Batavian Republic in 1795 when his home in Hainaut was annexed by the French Republic, fleeing from conscription into the French Army. Baudet's great-great-grandmother, Ernestine van Heemskerck, was born in the Dutch East Indies and was of partly Indonesian parentage.[5]

Baudet attended a Haarlem gymnasium, a college preparatory school with compulsory Latin and Ancient Greek.[6] His first degree, from the University of Amsterdam, was in history, and from 2007 to 2012 he was a PhD student at Leiden University, where in 2012 he graduated as a Doctor of Philosophy with a thesis on national identity, European identity, and multiculturalism.[7] The dissertation was directed by Leiden professor Paul Cliteur[8] and the British philosopher Roger Scruton and was published in Dutch as De aanval op de natiestaat (The Attack on the Nation-State).

Career

[edit]
Baudet campaigning in 2020

Baudet was a post-doctoral fellow at Tilburg University in 2013.[7] He also wrote a newspaper column in NRC Handelsblad from 2011 to 2012.[7] In 2016, he founded the Forum for Democracy (FvD, Dutch: Forum voor Democratie), which became a political party, and he was elected along with Theo Hiddema to the House of Representatives in the 2017 general election.[9][10]

Baudet had his personal piano installed in his parliamentary office in The Hague. In 2018, he said that his current girlfriend was an Iranian refugee.[6] Also in 2018, he was awarded the Prize for Liberty by the Flemish classical-liberal think tank Libera!.[11]

On 26 October 2023, Baudet was assaulted with an umbrella upon his arrival at Ghent University.[12][13] On 20 November 2023, Baudet was hospitalised after being attacked with a bottle at a cafe in Groningen.[14]

Political views

[edit]

At the start of his political career, Baudet was a national conservative and Eurosceptic, advocating for both the Netherlands' exit from the European Union (EU) and the eventual dissolution of the EU, as well as campaigning against unskilled immigration into the Netherlands. In a speech he described immigration as causing a "homeopathic dilution"[15] of the Dutch culture, and in an interview said he wants to preserve the native cultures and ethnicities of Europe as they are.[16] In 2017, Baudet expressed admiration for murdered Dutch politician Pim Fortuyn, and both ideological and personality comparisons between the two men were made by both Dutch and overseas media.[17][18]

Since 2020, journalists, political analysts and former political acquaintances of Baudet have described his views as having shifted from conservatism and Dutch nationalism to conspiracy theories, radicalism and in some cases neo-fascist and antisemitic opinions.[19][20][21][22]

Foreign policy

[edit]

Baudet is opposed to the European Union–Ukraine Association Agreement. Together with GeenStijl and the Burgercomité EU association, Forum for Democracy was one of the behind the campaign to collect the signatures required for the 2016 Dutch Ukraine–European Union Association Agreement referendum. Baudet and Forum for Democracy campaigned for the "No"-vote in this referendum.[23] During the campaign, Baudet at multiple occasions spread fake news, including false reports of purported crimes by the Ukrainian military, and associated himself with pro-Russian activist Vladimir Kornilov.[24]

In November 2016, Baudet co-signed a letter, initiated by the journalists Billy Six and Joost Niemöller, which questioned the independence of the MH17 investigations and requested Donald Trump to press for a new investigation.[25] This led to criticism from surviving relatives.[26] In May 2018, he supported the Dutch cabinet in holding Russia accountable for the MH17 shootdown incident.[27] Baudet's WhatsApp chats were leaked to the media in 2020; these revealed his close contacts with Vladimir Kornilov, who Baudet described as "a Russian paid by Putin", and demonstrated a significant influence of Kornilov on Baudet's actions on Ukraine, the referendum and future anti-NATO campaigns.[28] In the chats with his FvD colleagues, Baudet also alluded to financial support from Kornilov. Baudet disagreed with the conclusions drawn from these texts, and said that the text messages were quoted out of context.[29] In February 2022, after Russia officially recognized separatist regions in Ukraine as independent nations and deployed military troops to the Donbas, Baudet voiced his approval of Vladimir Putin's actions.[30] On 24 February 2022, during the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Baudet stated that Russia was "unnecessarily being vilified".[31] During a debate in parliament on 28 February, he explicitly refused to condemn the invasion.[32] In August 2022, Baudet described Putin as "a huge hero" fighting a "heroic" fight against "globalists".[33]

At the start of his career, Baudet held strongly pro-Israel views; however, these changed after the 2023 Israel-Hamas war, with Baudet praising DENK's (a party accused of Islamist and Turkish nationalist sympathies) views on the conflict.[34][35][36]

Arts and religion

[edit]

Baudet has strong opinions on the arts, the topic of his book Oikofobie; he considers non-Western art and Western post-1900 modernism in visual arts inferior to Western Realism, encourages education and programmation of tonal music opposed to atonal music, and dislikes modern post-1950 architecture. In reaction to this, musicologist Yuri Landman warned Baudet for approaching the concept of degenerate art with his conservative criticism.[37]

Baudet is not religious but has expressed sympathy for Christianity on several occasions. In an interview in 2017, he called himself an "agnostic cultural Christian".[38] In an interview in 2022, he distanced himself from Christianity, saying it's a belief "for losers" that "lacks masculinity" and claimed his views align more to paganism.[39] Baudet has been critical of Islam and expressed concern about both high levels and lack of assimilation of migrants from Islamic societies. In a 2017 interview, he expressed disagreement with the proposals made by another Dutch politician, Geert Wilders, to ban copies of the Quran. Meanwhile, he also praised Wilders as someone who "has put on the agenda the significant problem that we have with radical Islam in our time and Muslim immigration".[citation needed] Baudet has called for Islamic schools in the Netherlands to subscribe to Western values. He has criticised both Dutch and wider European handling of immigration and assimilation.

Dutch political system

[edit]

Baudet frequently speaks about the perceived existence of a "party cartel", in which the main ruling parties of the Netherlands divide power among themselves and conspire towards the same goals, despite claiming to be competitors.[40]

Other views and statements

[edit]

In February 2018, Baudet was confronted with the question of whether there is a relation between IQ and race in a debate with Femke Halsema. Hiddema and the number two on Baudet's party list for the 2018 Dutch municipal elections in Amsterdam, Yernaz Ramautarsing, stated they believed it to be true while Baudet refused to answer the question. Deputy Prime Minister Kajsa Ollongren stated that Forum for Democracy is a bigger threat than the Party for Freedom and that members have an unhealthy fascination for race differences; Baudet made a complaint for defamation at an Amsterdam police station. Hiddema supported him as his advocate.[41] In February 2021, Elsevier reported it had uncovered WhatsApp messages sent by Baudet to fellow party members, in which he claims white people have a higher IQ than Hispanics and African-Americans. Baudet and several other members reportedly also sent messages in which they used racial slurs and expressed their opposition to interracial relationships.[42][43]

Baudet is an adherent of the Cultural Marxism conspiracy theory,[44][45][46] which states there is a calculated effort to destroy Western culture by academic and intellectual means.[47][48][49][50] Baudet accuses the European Union of being "a Cultural Marxist project, with the aim of destroying European Civilization".[51] Baudet has stated that COVID-19 was introduced by George Soros to "steal freedom", a claim he denies. He has also allegedly made anti-semitic comments. Following these claims in November 2020, published by one of his party's Senators, Baudet temporarily resigned as leader of the party and the party allegedly split.[52][53] He soon returned as party leader but by then many party members had left Forum for Democracy, including the majority of the Senators and all of the party's members of the European Parliament. In 2021, Baudet responded to an article about the migrant population of Brussels by tweeting that an "escape-strategy, Madagascar or something" was needed. This was widely perceived as a reference to the Madagascar Plan, the plan by the government of Nazi Germany to forcibly relocate the entire European Jewish population to Madagascar.[54][55][56][57]

Baudet and Members of Parliament of his party have repeatedly compared measures to combat the spread of COVID-19 to the persecution of Jews by Nazi Germany. In May 2021, this led to another split in the party.[58] In September 2021, Baudet attended a protest against the measures to combat COVID-19, in which several protesters wore Jewish badges, which drew condemnation.[59][60] This led five Jewish organisations to ask parliament to explicitly distance itself from comparisons of the measures with the persecution of Jews and the Holocaust.[61] In response, Baudet issued a tweet in which he stated that Jewish organisations "do not own the war", and wrote the word Holocaust within quotation marks, which was interpreted as an antisemitic dog whistle.[62] Baudet was widely condemned by other politicians and Jewish organisations.[63][64] He is pro-Russian, and has said that the Russian invasion of Ukraine is the fault of the West.[65][66] He also stated that the September 11 attacks were false flag operations and insinuated that the Apollo 11 Moon landing was staged, both implemented by the United States government.[67][68]

In an October 2022 interview, Baudet promoted the conspiracy theory that the world is controlled by "evil reptilians". He also said he was a fan of Vladimir Putin, whom he called "a hero we need". He said the Russian president is the only one who can take on the elite. He believes Putin must win the war against Ukraine and says "we must do everything we can to support him".[69][70]

Personal life

[edit]

Although once identifying with cultural Christianity, Baudet has since argued that "Christianity lacks masculinity" and stated his personal religious outlook is closer to paganism.[71] Baudet claimed to have had a love affair with political commentator Eva Vlaardingerbroek in 2017.[72] Vlaardingerbroek responded that it had been nothing more than a brief fling.[73] In December 2021, Baudet married Dutch photographer Davide Heijmans. On 24 September 2022, Heijmans gave birth to the couple's first child, a son.[74]

Electoral history

[edit]
Electoral history of Thierry Baudet
Year Body Party Pos. Votes Result Ref.
Party seats Individual
2017 House of Representatives Forum for Democracy 1 124,991 2 Won [75]
2021 House of Representatives Forum for Democracy 1 245,323 8 Won [76]
2023 House of Representatives Forum for Democracy 1 163,881 3 Won [77]
2024 European Parliament Forum for Democracy 31[a] 13,814 0 Lost [78]

Published works

[edit]
  • 2010: (ed. with Michiel Visser) Conservatieve Vooruitgang. De grootste denkers van de 20ste eeuw (Conservative progress. The greatest thinkers of the 20th century). Prometheus/Bert Bakker.
  • 2011: (ed. with Michiel Visser) Revolutionair Verval en de conservatieve vooruitgang in de 18de en 19de eeuw (Revolutionary decline and conservative progress in the 18th and 19th centuries). Prometheus/Bert Bakker.
  • 2012: Pro Europa dus tegen de EU (Pro Europe therefore against the EU). Elsevier
  • 2012: The Significance of Borders. Why representative government and the rule of law require nation-states. Brill Academic Publishers. PhD dissertation
  • 2012: De aanval op de natiestaat (The attack on the nation state). Prometheus/Bert Bakker.
  • 2013: Oikofobie. De angst voor het eigene (Oikophobia. The fear of home). Prometheus/Bert Bakker.
  • 2014: (ed. with Geert Mak) Thuis in de Tijd (At home in time). Prometheus/Bert Bakker. ISBN 9789035141988
  • 2014: (with Arie Boomsma) Van Bach tot Bernstein. Klassieke muziek voor iedereen (From Bach to Bernstein. Classical music for everyone). ISBN 9789044627084
  • 2014: Voorwaardelijke liefde (Conditional love. [Novel]). Amsterdam: Prometheus/Bert Bakker. ISBN 9789044626810
  • 2017: Breek het partijkartel! De noodzaak van referenda (Break the party cartel. The necessity of referendums). Amsterdam: Prometheus/Bert Bakker. ISBN 9789044633689
  • 2018: Van elk waarheen bevrijd (Delivered from all whereto. [Novel]). Amsterdam: Prometheus/Bert Bakker. ISBN 9789044637359
  • 2020: Politiek van het gezond verstand (Politics of common sense). Amsterdam: Amsterdam Books. ISBN 9789083063010
  • 2020: De ravage van tien jaar Rutte (The havoc of ten years' Rutte). Amsterdam: Amsterdam Books. ISBN 9789083063041

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Baudet participated as lijstduwer.

References

[edit]
  1. ^
  2. ^
  3. ^ "Partij Forum voor Democratie". FvD. Archived from the original on 4 March 2021. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
  4. ^
  5. ^ Peter Fasol. "De genealogie van Thierry Baudet". Nederlandse Genealogische Vereniging (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 13 July 2018. Retrieved 13 July 2018.
  6. ^ a b Faber, Sebastiaan (5 April 2018). "Baudet the New Face of the European Alt-Right?". thenation.com. Archived from the original on 15 May 2020. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  7. ^ a b c "Dr. T.H.Ph. (Thierry) Baudet" (in Dutch). Parlementair Documentatiecentrum (PDC), University of Leiden. 2 March 2016. Archived from the original on 2 March 2017. Retrieved 1 March 2017.
  8. ^ Winterman, Peter (24 November 2020). "Leegloop bij Forum voor Democratie: ook Paul Cliteur stapt op". Het Parool (in Dutch). Retrieved 31 July 2022.
  9. ^ Verdun, Amy (16 April 2019). "The Rise of Thierry Baudet - AIIA". Australian Institute of International Affairs. Archived from the original on 24 October 2020. Retrieved 2 April 2021.
  10. ^ Lotto Persio, Sofia (16 March 2017). "Why Dutch election results mean Geert Wilders lost, but populism hasn't". International Business Times. Archived from the original on 22 March 2017. Retrieved 2 April 2021.
  11. ^ Cochez, Tom (22 May 2019). "Klimaatontkenners in Vlaanderen: het netwerk ontrafeld". www.apache.be (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 3 October 2023. Retrieved 14 June 2023.
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  13. ^ "Nederlandse politicus Thierry Baudet krijgt klap op het hoofd net voor lezing aan UGent" (in Dutch). VRT. 26 October 2023. Archived from the original on 26 October 2023. Retrieved 26 October 2023.
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  20. ^ 2019 Chapel Hill expert survey, Chesdata
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  22. ^ Boersema, Wendelmoet (2 February 2022). "De zin en onzin van de jaren-30-vergelijking: Zitten er fascisten in de Tweede Kamer?". Trouw. Archived from the original on 14 March 2022. Retrieved 14 March 2022.
  23. ^ Niemantsverdriet, Thijs (7 March 2016). "Ze delen weinig, behalve een diepe afkeer van Europa". NRC (in Dutch). NRC Handelsblad. Archived from the original on 30 June 2016. Retrieved 20 March 2016. dutch original "De belangrijkste vertegenwoordigers van de andere groep – bovenal een 'nee' – zijn het Burgercomité EU en Forum voor Democratie van opiniemaker Thierry Baudet."
    English translation: "The most important representatives of the other group, above all a no are the Civil Committee EU and the Forum for Democracy of opinion maker Thierry Baudet"
  24. ^ "Fake News, Fake Ukrainians: How a Group of Russians Tilted a Dutch Vote". The New York Times. 16 February 2017. Archived from the original on 29 March 2021. Retrieved 19 September 2022.
  25. ^ "OPEN BRIEF AAN TRUMP: 'Start nu objectief onderzoek naar MH17'". 23 January 2017. Archived from the original on 5 November 2021.
  26. ^ "Baudet vraagt Trump om nieuw onderzoek naar MH17, nabestaanden geschokt". de Volkskrant. 31 January 2017. Archived from the original on 23 June 2018.
  27. ^ "Baudet bekent kleur in MH17-debat". de Volkskrant. 31 May 2018. Archived from the original on 28 October 2020.
  28. ^ Wijnen, Philip de Witt (16 April 2020). "Wat zit er achter Baudets flirt met Rusland?". NRC. Archived from the original on 13 November 2020. Retrieved 19 September 2022.
  29. ^ "WhatsApp leak exposes Russia link to Dutch far right". EUobserver. 17 April 2020. Archived from the original on 25 August 2021. Retrieved 18 April 2020.
  30. ^ Bahara, Hassan (22 February 2022). "Tijdens eerste kennismaking met omroep Ongehoord Nederland klinkt radicaal-rechts volop door". volkskrant.nl/. Archived from the original on 23 February 2022. Retrieved 23 February 2022.
  31. ^ "Rutte: maximale sancties tegen Rusland • Oekraïners slaan op de vlucht". nos.nl/. 24 February 2022. Archived from the original on 24 February 2022.
  32. ^ "Rutte: Poetins agressie halt toeroepen • 'Tientallen doden in Charkov'". nos.nl/. 28 February 2022. Archived from the original on 28 February 2022.
  33. ^ Heck, Wilmer (14 September 2022). "Baudets adviseur John Laughland is géén verlengstuk van de Russen. Zegt-ie zelf". NRC. Archived from the original on 15 September 2022. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
  34. ^ "FVD wederom kritisch op Nederlandse waarschuwingen aan Israel". CIDI. 6 May 2020.
  35. ^ "Baudet steunt Israël niet meer, en dat is exemplarisch voor een kentering op de radicaal-rechtse flank". NRC. 11 October 2023.
  36. ^ "Video: Baudet schaart zich achter Israël-standpunt DENK: 'Inspirerend verhaal'". Nieuwneuws. 11 October 2023.
  37. ^ Landman, Yuri (27 March 2017). "De Muzikale Dyslexie van Thierry Baudet". frnkfrt.net/.[permanent dead link]
  38. ^ (in Dutch) Thierry Baudet pleit voor herwaardering christendom Archived 24 October 2022 at the Wayback Machine, cvandaag.nl, 15 February 2017
  39. ^ Dutch MP Baudet distances from Christianity Archived 24 October 2022 at the Wayback Machine, CNE News", 19 October 2022
  40. ^ Chaffin, Joshua (14 March 2017). "Populists seize the moment as Dutch fall out of love with EU". Financial Times. Archived from the original on 9 September 2017. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
  41. ^ "Baudet aangifte small en laster". De Telegraaf (in Dutch). 3 February 2018. Archived from the original on 10 February 2018. Retrieved 9 February 2018.
  42. ^ Vrijsen, Eric (9 February 2021). "Thierry Baudet: 'Je zus met een neger?'". ewmagazine.nl/. Archived from the original on 4 June 2021. Retrieved 4 June 2021.
  43. ^ "Elsevier Weekblad: Baudet verstuurde zelf ook racistische appjes". nos.nl/. 9 February 2021. Archived from the original on 4 June 2021. Retrieved 4 June 2021.
  44. ^ Boekestijn, Arend Jan (29 August 2017). "De term 'Cultureel Marxisme' leidt alleen maar tot verwarring" (in Dutch). NPO Radio 1. Archived from the original on 24 May 2019. Retrieved 23 May 2019.
  45. ^ Breebaart, Leonie (1 May 2019). "Met cultuur-marxisme kun je alle kanten op". Trouw (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 24 May 2019. Retrieved 23 May 2019.
  46. ^ Giesen, Peter (1 May 2019). "'Er is een complot tegen de Europese mens gaande'". de Volkskrant (in Dutch). Retrieved 23 May 2019.
  47. ^ "Skidmore College: Column: Force Fields". 24 November 2011. Archived from the original on 24 November 2011. Retrieved 23 March 2019.
  48. ^ Jackson, Paul; Shekhovtsov, Anton, eds. (17 October 2014). The post-war Anglo-American far right: a special relationship of hate. Basingstoke. ISBN 9781137396211. OCLC 890161379.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  49. ^ Copsey, Nigel; Richardson, John E., eds. (2015). Cultures of Post-War British Fascism. Routledge. ISBN 9781138846838. OCLC 890758276.
  50. ^ "'Cultural Marxism' Catching On". Southern Poverty Law Center. Archived from the original on 30 September 2018. Retrieved 23 March 2019.
  51. ^ Baudet, Thierry [@thierrybaudet] (20 August 2017). "Omdat de Europese Unie een cultuurmarxistisch project is dat tot doel heeft de vernietiging van de Europese beschaving. https://t.co/viDjPlokSR" (Tweet) (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 23 April 2018. Retrieved 23 March 2019 – via Twitter.
  52. ^ Complotdenken typeert Baudet beter dan antisemitisme, Volkskrant, 4 December 2020, archived from the original on 21 October 2021, retrieved 8 December 2020
  53. ^ "Thierry Baudet wins popular vote to stay on as leader of far right FvD". DutchNews.nl. 4 December 2020. Archived from the original on 9 December 2020. Retrieved 8 December 2020.
  54. ^ Markus, Niels (3 May 2021). "Baudets laatste provocatie leidt tot eensgezinde afkeer. 'Fouter dan fout'". trouw.nl/. Archived from the original on 5 May 2021. Retrieved 3 May 2021.
  55. ^ du Pré, Raoul (3 May 2021). "Baudet wekt massale verontwaardiging met 'bevrijdingsposter'". De Volkskrant. Archived from the original on 3 May 2021. Retrieved 3 May 2021.
  56. ^ Pfeijffer, Ilja Leonard (28 April 2021). "Thierry Baudet koestert wel degelijk nazistische sympathieën". hpdetijd.nl/. Archived from the original on 2 May 2021. Retrieved 3 May 2021.
  57. ^ "Invloed extreemrechts in Nederland groeit, kans op aanslag aannemelijk". joop.bnnvara.nl/. 29 April 2021. Archived from the original on 29 April 2021. Retrieved 3 May 2021.
  58. ^ De Witt Wijnen, Philip; Rutten, Rik (13 May 2021). "Thierry Baudet zorgt met zijn ophef en provocaties opnieuw voor een breuk in zijn partij". NRC. Archived from the original on 24 September 2021. Retrieved 24 September 2021.
  59. ^ "Halsema: Jodensterren bij coronaprotest dieptriest". nos.nl/. 6 September 2021. Archived from the original on 24 September 2021. Retrieved 24 September 2021.
  60. ^ Hensen, Chris (5 September 2021). "Afkeer tegen coronabeleid brengt betogers op de Dam bijeen, ondanks hun verschillen". NRC. Archived from the original on 24 September 2021. Retrieved 24 September 2021.
  61. ^ "Joodse organisaties: Kamer moet zich uitspreken tegen vergelijking Holocaust en corona". nos.nl/. 19 September 2021. Archived from the original on 24 September 2021. Retrieved 24 September 2021.
  62. ^ "Joodse organisaties: 'Nare smaak' door suggestie Baudet over 'claimen' WOII". nos.nl/. 23 September 2021. Archived from the original on 24 September 2021. Retrieved 24 September 2021.
  63. ^ van den Dool, Pim (22 September 2021). "Jetten (D66) eist excuses van Baudet om Holocaust-tweet". NRC. Archived from the original on 24 September 2021. Retrieved 24 September 2021.
  64. ^ "Rutte kritisch op 'onnadenkend' aanhalen Jodenvervolging door Baudet". nos.nl/. 23 September 2021. Archived from the original on 24 September 2021. Retrieved 24 September 2021.
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  66. ^ "Ex-Baudet colleague calls far-right leader "Manchurian candidate" for Putin support". NL Times. 27 February 2022. Archived from the original on 8 April 2023. Retrieved 17 March 2022.
  67. ^ "Thierry Baudet grossiert in complotten over 9/11 en Rusland". EWmagazine.nl (in Dutch). 4 February 2022. Archived from the original on 18 October 2022. Retrieved 18 October 2022.
  68. ^ "Wilders tegen Baudet : u bent al vrij ver op weg naar de maan". NOS.nl (in Dutch). 20 September 2023. Archived from the original on 21 September 2023. Retrieved 21 September 2023.
  69. ^ Morić, Hrvoje (17 October 2022). "Thierry Baudet: We Must Develop More Courage to Counter Globalism". geopoliticsandempire.com. Geopolitics & Empire. Archived from the original on 4 March 2023. Retrieved 4 March 2023. Video interview containing reptilian statement by Baudet at 18m:56s - 19m:07s.
  70. ^ "Grote zorgen in de Tweede Kamer over complottheorieën Baudet". nos.nl (in Dutch). 18 October 2022. Archived from the original on 18 October 2022. Retrieved 18 October 2022.
  71. ^ "Dutch MP Baudet distances from Christianity". CNE News. 19 October 2022. Archived from the original on 29 June 2023. Retrieved 29 June 2023.
  72. ^ "Pijnlijke tv: Thierry Baudet verdrietig na uitspraken ex-geliefde" (in Dutch). Media Courant. November 2020. Archived from the original on 11 May 2022. Retrieved 12 March 2023.
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  74. ^ "Davide, vrouw Baudet, deelt beelden van zoon: 'Welkom lieve jongen'". www.linda.nl (in Dutch). Retrieved 5 July 2024.
  75. ^ "Uitslag Tweede Kamerverkiezing 2017 (getekend exemplaar)" [Results House of Representatives 2017 (signed example)] (PDF). Dutch Electoral Council (in Dutch). 21 March 2017. pp. 152–153. Retrieved 21 December 2023.
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  78. ^ "Proces-verbaal centraal stembureau uitslag verkiezing Europees Parlement Model P22-1" [Central electoral council report of the results of the election of the European Parliament Model P22-1] (PDF). Dutch Electoral Council (in Dutch). 19 June 2024. pp. 8, 48–49. Retrieved 28 July 2024.
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