1808–09 United States House of Representatives elections
 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||
All 142 seats to the United States House of Representatives 72 seats were needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Elections to the United States House of Representatives for the 11th Congress were held in the various states between April 1808 (in New York) and May 1809 (in Tennessee). The Congress first met on May 22, 1809.
Although the Democratic-Republicans maintained control of the presidency (under James Madison) and Congress after the election of 1808, Federalists made significant gains in the House, mainly due to the unpopularity of the Embargo Act of 1807. In particular, voters in New England, who often had ties to the shipping or manufacturing industries, overwhelmingly chose to send Federalists to Washington. Economic stagnation due to the closing of the export market and fears that Democratic-Republican policies had the potential for leading America into a naval war with France or Britain were key issues that allowed for a brief Federalist resurgence. The Democratic-Republicans were left with a majority under two-thirds for the first time since the election of 1800.
Election summaries
| 94 | 48 |
| Democratic-Republican | Federalist |
| State | Type | Date | Total seats |
Democratic- Republican |
Federalist | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Seats | Change | Seats | Change | ||||
| Connecticut | At-large | September 19, 1808 | 7 | 0 | 
|
7 |
|
| Delaware | At-large | October 4, 1808 | 1 | 0 |
|
1 |
|
| Georgia | At-large | October 3, 1808 | 4 | 4 |
|
0 |
|
| Kentucky | District (6) | August 1, 1808 | 6 | 6 |
|
0 |
|
| Maryland | District (8[Note 2]) | October 3, 1808 | 9 | 6 |
|
3 |
|
| Massachusetts | District (17) | November 7, 1808 | 17 | 8 |  3
|
9 |  3
|
| New Hampshire | At-large | August 29, 1808 | 5 | 0 | 5
|
5 | 5
|
| New Jersey | At-large | November 7–8, 1808 | 6 | 6 |
|
0 |
|
| New York | District (15[Note 3]) | April 26–28, 1808 | 17 | 9 | 6
|
8 | 6
|
| North Carolina | District (12) | August 12, 1808 | 12 | 9 | 2
|
3 | 2
|
| Ohio | At-large | October 11, 1808 | 1 | 1 |
|
0 |
|
| Pennsylvania | District (11[Note 4]) | October 11, 1808 | 18 | 16 | 1
|
2 | 1
|
| Rhode Island | At-large | August 30, 1808 | 2 | 0 | 2
|
2 | 2
|
| South Carolina | District (8) | October 10–11, 1808 | 8 | 8 |
|
0 |
|
| Vermont | District (4) | September 6, 1808[Note 5] | 4 | 1 | 1
|
3 | 1
|
| 1809 Elections | |||||||
| Tennessee | District (3) | May 4–5, 1809 | 3 | 3 |
|
0 |
|
| Virginia | District (22) | April, 1809 | 22 | 17 | 4
|
5 | 4
|
| Total | 142 | 94[1][Note 1] 66.2% |
23
|
48[1][Note 1] 33.8% |
23
| ||
Complete returns
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Connecticut at-large 7 seats on a general ticket |
Benjamin Tallmadge | Federalist | 1801 (special) | Re-elected | Epaphroditus Champion[Note 6] (F) Samuel W. Dana (F) John Davenport (F) Jonathan O. Moseley (F) Timothy Pitkin (F) Lewis B. Sturges (F) Benjamin Tallmadge (F) Sylvanus Backus (F) Asa Bacon (F) John Caldwell (F) Sylvester Gilbert (F) Uriel Holmes (F) Ebenezer Huntington[Note 7] (F) Lyman Law (F) Samuel B. Sherwood (F) Nathan Smith (F) Nathaniel Terry (F) Noah Webster (F) |
| Jonathan O. Moseley | Federalist | 1804 | Re-elected | ||
| Epaphroditus Champion | Federalist | 1806 | Re-elected | ||
| Timothy Pitkin | Federalist | 1805 (special) | Re-elected | ||
| Lewis B. Sturges | Federalist | 1805 (special) | Re-elected | ||
| John Davenport | Federalist | 1798 | Re-elected | ||
| Samuel W. Dana | Federalist | 1798 | Re-elected |
Samuel W. Dana (F) resigned on May 10, 1810, having been elected to the Senate and was replaced by Ebenezer Huntington (F)
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Delaware at-large | Nicholas Van Dyke | Federalist | 1807 (special) | Retired Federalist hold |
Nicholas Van Dyke (F) 53.3% Joseph Haslet (DR) 46.7% |
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Georgia at-large 4 seats on a general ticket |
Howell Cobb | Democratic-Republican | 1806 | Re-elected | William W. Bibb (DR) 22.7% George M. Troup (DR) 22.2% Howell Cobb (DR) 20.6% Dennis Smelt (DR) 14.8% James E. Houston (DR) 11.1% John M. Dooley (DR) 8.6% |
| George M. Troup | Democratic-Republican | 1806 | Re-elected | ||
| Dennis Smelt | Democratic-Republican | 1806 (special) | Re-elected | ||
| William W. Bibb | Democratic-Republican | 1806 | Re-elected |
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kentucky 1 | Matthew Lyon | Democratic-Republican | 1796[Note 8] 1803 |
Re-elected | Matthew Lyon[Note 6] (DR) Anthony New (DR) |
| Kentucky 2 | John Boyle | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Retired Democratic-Republican hold |
Samuel McKee[Note 6] (DR) Philip Trapnell John L. Bridges |
| Kentucky 3 | John Rowan | Democratic-Republican | 1806 | Retired Democratic-Republican hold |
Henry Crist[Note 6] (DR) Stephen Ormsby (DR) |
| Kentucky 4 | Richard M. Johnson | Democratic-Republican | 1806 | Re-elected | Richard M. Johnson (DR) 100% |
| Kentucky 5 | Benjamin Howard | Democratic-Republican | 1806 | Re-elected | Benjamin Howard (DR) 100% |
| Kentucky 6 | Joseph Desha | Democratic-Republican | 1806 | Re-elected | Joseph Desha (DR) 100% |
In the 5th district, Benjamin Howard (DR) resigned on April 10, 1810 to become Governor of Louisiana Territory and was replaced in a special election by William T. Barry (DR)
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maryland 1 | John Campbell | Federalist | 1801 | Re-elected | John Campbell (F) 70.1% James Fenwick (DR) 29.7% |
| Maryland 2 | Archibald Van Horne | Democratic-Republican | 1806 | Re-elected | Archibald Van Horne (DR) 60.0% Henry A. Callis (F) 40.0% |
| Maryland 3 | Philip Barton Key | Federalist | 1806 | Re-elected | Philip Barton Key (F) 66.5% John Wampler (DR) 33.5% |
| Maryland 4 | Roger Nelson | Democratic-Republican | 1804 (special) | Re-elected | Roger Nelson (DR) 51.8% Upton Bruce (F) 48.2% |
| Maryland 5 | Nicholas R. Moore | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Re-elected | Nicholas R. Moore (DR) 44.8% Alexander McKim (DR) 43.4% William Winder (F) 11.9% |
| William McCreery | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Retired Democratic-Republican hold | ||
| Maryland 6 | John Montgomery | Democratic-Republican | 1806 | Re-elected | John Montgomery (DR) 51.5% William Spencer (F) 32.9% John Archer (DR) 15.6% |
| Maryland 7 | Edward Lloyd | Democratic-Republican | 1806 | Retired Democratic-Republican hold |
John Brown (DR) 58.6% Robert H. Goldsborough (F) 41.4% |
| Maryland 8 | Charles Goldsborough | Federalist | 1804 | Re-elected | Charles Goldsborough (F) 75.1% Charles Nutter (DR) 24.9% |
On May 10, 1810, Roger Nelson (DR) of the 4th district resigned and was replaced in a special election by Samuel Ringgold (DR).
In the 7th district, John Brown (DR) resigned some time after being re-elected after appointment as Clerk of Court of Queen Anne's County and was replaced in a special election, for both the remainder of the 11th Congress and for the 12th Congress, by Robert Wright (DR).
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates[Note 9] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Massachusetts 1 Known as the Suffolk district |
Josiah Quincy | Federalist | 1804 | Re-elected | Josiah Quincy (F) 59.1% William Jarvis (DR) 40.8% | |
| Massachusetts 2 Known as the Essex South district |
Joseph Story | Democratic-Republican | 1808 (special) | Retired Federalist gain |
Benjamin Pickman, Jr. (F) 52.2% Daniel Kilham (DR) 47.8% | |
| Massachusetts 3 Known as the Essex North district |
Edward St. Loe Livermore | Federalist | 1806 | Re-elected | Edward St. Loe Livermore (F) 63.6% Thomas Kitteridge (DR) 36.0% | |
| Massachusetts 4 Known as the Middlesex district |
Joseph Bradley Varnum | Democratic-Republican | 1794 | Re-elected | Joseph Bradley Varnum (DR) 63.4% Abraham Bigelow (F) 36.% | |
| Massachusetts 5 Known as the Hampshire South district |
William Ely | Federalist | 1804 | Re-elected | William Ely (F) 66.0% Samuel Fowler (DR) 33.9% | |
| Massachusetts 6 Known as the Hampshire North district |
Samuel Taggart | Federalist | 1803 | Re-elected | Samuel Taggart (F) 68.4% Solomon Snead (DR) 31.5% | |
| Massachusetts 7 Known as the Plymouth district |
Joseph Barker | Democratic-Republican | 1804 | Retired Democratic-Republican hold |
Charles Turner, Jr. (DR) 50.4% William Baylies (F) 49.2% | |
| Massachusetts 8 Known as the Barnstable district |
Isaiah L. Green | Democratic-Republican | 1804 | Retired Democratic-Republican hold |
Gideon Gardner (DR) 58.1% Wendall Davis (F) 41.9% | |
| Massachusetts 9 Known as the Bristol district |
Josiah Dean | Democratic-Republican | 1806 | Lost re-election Federalist gain |
Laban Wheaton (F) 56.8% Josiah Dean (DR) 42.7% | |
| Massachusetts 10 Known as the Worcester South district |
Jabez Upham | Federalist | 1806 | Re-elected | Jabez Upham (F) 54.3% Edward Bangs (DR) 44.4% John Spurr (DR) 1.2% | |
| Massachusetts 11 Known as the Worcester North district |
William Stedman | Federalist | 1803 | Re-elected | William Stedman (F) 65.3% Moses White (DR) 32.3% Abijah Bigelow (F) 1.8% | |
| Massachusetts 12 Known as the Berkshire district |
Ezekiel Bacon | Democratic-Republican | 1807 (special) | Re-elected | Ezekiel Bacon (DR) 54.4% John W. Hulbert (F) 45.6% | |
| Massachusetts 13 Known as the Norfolk district |
Ebenezer Seaver | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Re-elected | Ebenezer Seaver (DR) 57.7% Edward Robbins (F) 42.1% | |
| District of Maine | Massachusetts 14 Known as the York district |
Richard Cutts | Democratic-Republican | 1801 | Re-elected | Richard Cutts (DR) 51.2% Joseph Leland (F) 47.7% Others 1.0% |
| Massachusetts 15 Known as the Cumberland district |
Daniel Ilsley | Democratic-Republican | 1804 | Lost re-election Federalist gain |
Ezekiel Whitman (F) 50.9% Daniel Ilsley (DR) 49.1% | |
| Massachusetts 16 Known as the Lincoln district |
Orchard Cook | Democratic-Republican | 1804 | Re-elected | Orchard Cook (DR) 50.9% Alden Bradford (F) 48.1% Barzillai Gannett (DR) 1.0% | |
| Massachusetts 17 Known as the Kennebec district |
John Chandler | Democratic-Republican | 1804 | Retired Democratic-Republican hold |
Barzillai Gannett (DR) 50.6% Thomas Rice (F) 48.7% | |
In the 7th district, there were 430 votes for "Charles Turner" which were counted separately from Charles Turner, Jr. (DR). This caused the vote tally to be William Baylies (F) 1,828 (49.4%), Charles Turner, Jr. (DR) 1,443 (39.0%), "Charles Turner" 430 (11.6%). As no candidate had a majority, a second election was held on January 19, 1809 which elected Baylies with 54.3% of the vote. Turner successfully contested this election, and was subsequently declared the winner based on the first ballot, with the second invalidated. He was seated June 8, 1809[2]
In the 10th district, Jabez Upham (F) resigned sometime in 1810 and was replaced in a special election by Joseph Allen (F).
In the 11th district, William Stedman (F) resigned July 10, 1810 and was replaced in a special election by Abijah Bigelow (F)
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| New Hampshire at-large 5 seats on a general ticket |
Peter Carleton | Democratic-Republican | 1806 | Retired Federalist gain |
William Hale (F) 11.1% Nathaniel A. Haven (F) 11.1% John C. Chamberlain (F) 11.0% Daniel Blaisdell (F) 11.0% James Wilson (F) 11.0% Francis Gardner (DR) 9.0% Jedediah K. Smith (DR) 9.0% Daniel Durell (DR) 9.0% Charles Cutts (DR) 9.0% Clement Storer (DR) 9.0% |
| Daniel M. Durell | Democratic-Republican | 1806 | Lost re-election Federalist gain | ||
| Francis Gardner | Democratic-Republican | 1806 | Lost re-election Federalist gain | ||
| Jedediah K. Smith | Democratic-Republican | 1806 | Lost re-election Federalist gain | ||
| Clement Storer | Democratic-Republican | 1806 | Lost re-election Federalist gain |
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| New Jersey at-large 6 seats on a general ticket |
Adam Boyd | Democratic-Republican | 1808 (special) | Re-elected | Henry Southard (DR) 9.4% Adam Boyd (DR) 9.4% William Helms (DR) 9.4% Thomas Newbold (DR) 9.3% James Cox (DR) 9.3% Jacob Hufty (DR) 9.3% John Beatty (DR) 7.4% William Campfield (F) 7.4% William Coxe, Jr. (F) 7.4% John Neilson (F) 7.3% Aaron Ogden (F) 7.3% Samuel Harrison (F) 7.3% |
| Thomas Newbold | Democratic-Republican | 1806 | Re-elected | ||
| William Helms | Democratic-Republican | 1800 | Re-elected | ||
| John Lambert | Democratic-Republican | 1804 | Retired Democratic-Republican hold | ||
| Henry Southard | Democratic-Republican | 1800 | Re-elected | ||
| James Sloan | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Retired Democratic-Republican hold |
Cox died on September 12, 1810. The resulting vacancy was filled in a special election by John A. Scudder (DR).
Between the 1806 and 1808 elections, New York went through a re-districting that reduced the number of districts to 15 by creating two plural districts with two seats each.
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| New York 1 | Samuel Riker | Democratic-Republican | 1806 | Retired Democratic-Republican hold |
Ebenezer Sage (DR) 38.7% Benjamin B. Blydenburgh (F) 38.3% John W. Seaman (DR) 23.0% |
| New York 2 Plural district with 2 seats |
Gurdon S. Mumford Redistricted from the 2nd/3rd district |
Democratic-Republican | 1804 (Special) | Re-elected | William Denning (DR) 28.6% Gurdon S. Mumford (DR) 28.5% William Henderson (F) 21.5% Barent Gardenier (F) 21.4% |
| George Clinton, Jr. Redistricted from the 2nd/3rd district |
Democratic-Republican | 1805 (Special) | Retired Democratic-Republican hold | ||
| New York 3 | John Blake, Jr. Redistricted from the 5th district |
Democratic-Republican | 1804 | Retired Democratic-Republican hold |
Jonathan Fisk (DR) (53.3%) Richard Hatfield (F) 46.7% |
| New York 4 | Daniel C. Verplanck Redistricted from the 6th district |
Democratic-Republican | 1803 (special) | Retired Federalist gain |
James Emott (F) 74.3% Robert Johnston (DR) 25.7% |
| New York 5 | Barent Gardenier Redistricted from the 7th district |
Federalist | 1806 | Re-elected | Barent Gardenier (F) 56.5% John Dill (DR) 43.5% |
| New York 6 Plural district with 2 seats |
James I. Van Alen Redistricted from the 8th district |
Democratic-Republican | 1806 | Lost re-election Federalist gain |
Herman Knickerbocker (F) 26.2% Robert Le Roy Livingston (F) 26.1% James I. Van Alen (DR) 23.9% James L. Hogeboom (DR) 23.8% |
| Josiah Masters Redistricted from the 10th district |
Democratic-Republican | 1804 | Retired Federalist gain | ||
| New York 7 | Killian Van Rensselaer Redistricted from the 9th district |
Federalist | 1800 | Re-elected | Killian K. Van Rensselaer (F)[Note 6] George Merchant (DR) |
| New York 8 | John Thompson Redistricted from the 11th district |
Democratic-Republican | 1806 | Re-elected | John Thompson (DR) 65.6% William Bailey (F) 34.4% |
| New York 9 | Peter Swart Redistricted from the 13th district |
Democratic-Republican | 1806 | Retired Federalist gain |
Thomas Sammons (F) 63.3% John Herkimer (DR) 36.7% |
| New York 10 | None (District created) | Democratic-Republican gain | John Nicholson (DR) 53.8% Moss Kent (F) 46.2% | ||
| New York 11 | None (District created) | Federalist gain | Thomas R. Gold (F) 56.4% Joshua Hathaway (F) 43.6% | ||
| New York 12 | John Russell Redistricted from the 14th district |
Democratic-Republican | 1806 | Retired Democratic-Republican hold |
Erastus Root (DR) 49.5% Gabriel North (F) 36.7% Ebenezer Foote (F) 13.9% |
| New York 13 | None (District created) | Democratic-Republican gain | Uri Tracy (DR)[Note 6] Isaac Foote (F) | ||
| New York 14 | John Harris Redistricted from the 17th district |
Democratic-Republican | 1806 | Lost re-election Federalist gain |
Vincent Mathews (F) 41.2% John Harris (DR) 23.4% Matthew Carpenter (DR) 21.2% Joseph Glover (DR) 14.2% |
| New York 15 | None (District created) | Democratic-Republican gain | Peter B. Porter (DR) 59.9% Nathaniel W. Howell (F) 40.1% | ||
William Denning (DR) in the 2nd district never took his seat and eventually resigned. The exact date of his resignation has been lost, but a replacement was chosen in a special election held at the same time as the 1810 elections by Samuel L. Mitchill (DR)
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| North Carolina 1 | Lemuel Sawyer | Democratic-Republican | 1806 | Re-elected | Lemuel Sawyer (DR) 67.0% William H. Murfree (F) 33.0% |
| North Carolina 2 | Willis Alston | Democratic-Republican | 1798 | Re-elected | Willis Alston (DR) 58.0% Daniel Mason (DR) 42.0% |
| North Carolina 3 | Thomas Blount | Democratic-Republican | 1793 1804 |
Lost re-election Democratic-Republican hold |
William Kennedy (DR) 52.0% Thomas Blount (DR) 48.0% |
| North Carolina 4 | William Blackledge | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Lost re-election Federalist gain |
John Stanly (F) 51.8% William Blackledge (DR) 48.2% |
| North Carolina 5 | Thomas Kenan | Democratic-Republican | 1805 (special) | Re-elected | Thomas Kenan (DR) 100% |
| North Carolina 6 | Nathaniel Macon | Democratic-Republican | 1791 | Re-elected | Nathaniel Macon (DR) 99.9% |
| North Carolina 7 | John Culpepper | Federalist | 1806 | Lost re-election Federalist hold |
Archibald McBryde (F) 54.6% John Culpepper (F) 45.4% |
| North Carolina 8 | Richard Stanford | Democratic-Republican | 1796 | Re-elected | Richard Stanford (DR) 65.3% Duncan Cameron (F) 34.7% |
| North Carolina 9 | Marmaduke Williams | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Retired Democratic-Republican hold |
James Cochran (DR) 52.3% Theophilus Lacy (DR) 47.3% |
| North Carolina 10 | Evan S. Alexander | Democratic-Republican | 1806 (special) | Retired Federalist gain |
Joseph Pearson (F) 63.8% Robert Locke (DR) 36.2% |
| North Carolina 11 | James Holland | Democratic-Republican | 1800 | Re-elected | James Holland (DR) 48.7% Felix Walker (DR) 31.2% John MacClain (F) 9.4% William Tate (F) 8.0% William Porter (F) 2.8% |
| North Carolina 12 | Meshack Franklin | Democratic-Republican | 1806 | Re-elected | Meshack Franklin (DR) 54.6% Joseph Winston (DR) 40.5% James Martin (F) 4.9% |
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ohio at-large | Jeremiah Morrow | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Re-elected | Jeremiah Morrow (DR) 71.5% Philemon Beecher (F) 28.5% |
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates[3] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pennsylvania 1 Plural district with 3 seats |
Incumbent Joseph Clay (DR) resigned on March 18, 1808 | Democratic-Republican hold | Benjamin Say[Note 10] (DR) 18.5% John Porter (DR) 18.5% William Anderson (DR) 18.4% Joseph Hemphill (F) 14.9% Derick Peterson (F) 14.9% Charles W. Hare (F) 14.8% | ||
| Jacob Richards | Democratic-Republican | 1802 | Retired Democratic-Republican hold | ||
| John Porter | Democratic-Republican | 1806 | Re-elected | ||
| Pennsylvania 2 Plural district with 3 seats |
Robert Brown | Democratic-Republican | 1798 (Special) | Re-elected | Robert Brown (DR) 16.9% John Ross (DR) 16.8% William Milnor (F) 16.7% John Pugh (DR) 16.7% John Hahn (DR) 16.6% Roswell Wells (F) 16.4% |
| William Milnor | Federalist | 1806 | Re-elected | ||
| John Pugh | Democratic-Republican | 1804 | Lost re-election Democratic-Republican hold | ||
| Pennsylvania 3 Plural district with 3 seats |
Robert Jenkins | Federalist | 1806 | Re-elected | Matthias Richards (DR) 17.1% Daniel Hiester (DR) 17.1% Robert Jenkins (F) 16.9% John Whitehill (DR) 16.4% Roger Davis (DR) 16.3% William Witman (DR) 16.2% |
| Matthias Richards | Democratic-Republican | 1806 | Re-elected | ||
| John Hiester | Democratic-Republican | 1806 | Retired Democratic-Republican hold | ||
| Pennsylvania 4 Plural district with 2 seats |
Robert Whitehill | Democratic-Republican | 1805 (Special) | Re-elected | Robert Whitehill (DR) 36.7% David Bard (DR) 36.6% John Gloninger (F) 13.5% William Alexander (F) 13.2% |
| David Bard | Democratic-Republican | 1802 | Re-elected | ||
| Pennsylvania 5 | Daniel Montgomery | Democratic-Republican | 1806 | Retired Democratic-Republican hold |
George Smith (DR) 82.3% John Bull (F) 17.3% |
| Pennsylvania 6 | James Kelly | Federalist | 1804 | Lost re-election Democratic-Republican gain |
William Crawford (DR) 52.4% James Kelly (F) 47.6% |
| Pennsylvania 7 | John Rea | Democratic-Republican | 1802 | Re-elected | John Rea (DR) 61.5% Andrew Dunlap (F) 38.5% |
| Pennsylvania 8 | William Findley | Democratic-Republican | 1802 | Re-elected | William Findley (DR) 45.7% John Kirkpatrick (DR) 29.1% Robert Philson (DR) 25.2% |
| Pennsylvania 9 | John Smilie | Democratic-Republican | 1792 1798 |
Re-elected | John Smilie (DR) 67.3% Thomas Meason (F) 32.7% |
| Pennsylvania 10 | William Hoge | Democratic-Republican | 1806 | Retired Democratic-Republican hold |
Aaron Lyle (DR) 76.5% John Hamilton (F) 23.5% |
| Pennsylvania 11 | Samuel Smith | Democratic-Republican | 1805 (Special) | Re-elected | Samuel Smith (DR) 68.3% Alexander Foster (F) 31.7% |
Benjamin Say (DR) of the 1st district subsequently resigned sometime in 1809 and was replaced in a special election by Adam Seybert (DR)
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rhode Island at-large 2 seats on a general ticket |
Previous incumbent Nehemiah Knight (DR) died June 13, 1808 | Federalist gain | Richard Jackson, Jr.[Note 10] (F) 26.6% Elisha R. Potter (F) 26.4% Isaac Wilbour (DR) 23.6% Jonathan Russell (DR) 23.4% | ||
| Isaac Wilbour | Democratic-Republican | 1806 | Lost re-election Federalist gain | ||
At the same time as the general election for the House of Representatives, a special election was held to fill the vacancy left by Knight's death.
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates[Note 9] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| South Carolina 1 Also known as Charleston district |
Robert Marion | Democratic-Republican | 1804 | Re-elected | Robert Marion (DR) 68.2% Thomas Lowndes (F) 30.1% |
| South Carolina 2 Also known as Beaufort district |
William Butler, Sr. | Democratic-Republican | 1800 | Re-elected | William Butler, Sr. (DR) 96.3% Thomas Deveaux 2.0% |
| South Carolina 3 Also known as Georgetown district |
David R. Williams | Democratic-Republican | 1804 | Retired Democratic-Republican hold |
Robert Witherspoon (DR) 72.4% Theodore Gourdin (DR) 27.6% |
| South Carolina 4 Also known as Orangeburgh district |
John Taylor | Democratic-Republican | 1806 | Re-elected | John Taylor (DR) 100% |
| South Carolina 5 Also known as Sumter district |
Richard Winn | Democratic-Republican | 1802 (special) | Re-elected | Richard Winn (DR) 53.5% William Ellison 46.5% |
| South Carolina 6 Also known as Abbeville district |
Joseph Calhoun | Democratic-Republican | 1807 (special) | Re-elected | Joseph Calhoun (DR) 76.3% William Burnsides 26.7% |
| South Carolina 7 Also known as Spartanburgh district |
Thomas Moore | Democratic-Republican | 1800 | Re-elected | Thomas Moore (DR) 100% |
| South Carolina 8 Also known as Pendleton district |
Lemuel J. Alston | Democratic-Republican | 1806 | Re-elected | Lemuel J. Alston (DR) 100% |
In the 1st district, Robert Marion (DR) resigned on December 4, 1810 and was replaced in a special election by Langdon Cheves (DR)
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates[Note 9] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tennessee 1 Known as the Washington district |
John Rhea | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Re-elected | John Rhea (DR) 100% |
| Tennessee 2 Known as the Hamilton district |
George W. Campbell | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Retired Democratic-Republican hold |
Robert Weakley (DR) 47.4% Abraham Maury (DR) 39.9% James Lyon (DR) 12.6% |
| Tennessee 3 Known as the Mero district |
Jesse Wharton | Democratic-Republican | 1807 | Retired Democratic-Republican hold |
Pleasant M. Miller (DR) 77.2% Scattering 22.8% |
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First ballot | Second ballot | |||||
| Vermont 1 Known as the Southwestern district |
Previous incumbent James Witherell (DR) resigned May 1, 1808 | Democratic-Republican hold | Samuel Shaw[Note 6] (DR) Nathan Robinson (F) Chauncey Langdon (F) Jonas Galusha (DR) | |||
| Vermont 2 Known as the Southeastern district |
James Elliot | Federalist | 1802 | Retired Federalist hold |
Jonathan H. Hubbard (F) 45.4% Aaron Leland (DR) 36.2% William Czar Bradley (DR) 14.5% Others 4.0% |
Jonathan H. Hubbard (F) 51.6% Aaron Leland (DR) 42.2% William Czar Bradley (DR) 4.3% Elias Keyes (DR) 1.4% |
| Vermont 3 Known as the Northeastern district |
James Fisk | Democratic-Republican | 1802 | Lost re-election Federalist gain |
Jedediah Buckingham (F) 47.9% James Fisk (DR) 47.4% William Chamberlain (F) 2.3% Others 2.3% |
William Chamberlain (F) 51.5% James Fisk (DR) 47.7% Others 0.8% |
| Vermont 4 Known as the Northwestern district |
Martin Chittenden | Federalist | 1802 | Re-elected | Martin Chittenden (F) 59.9% Ezra Butler (DR) 37.6% Others 2.5% |
|
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Virginia 1 | John G. Jackson | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Re-elected | John G. Jackson (DR) 60.3% Noah Linsey (F) 29.7% |
| Virginia 2 | John Morrow | Democratic-Republican | 1805 | Lost re-election Federalist gain |
James Stephenson (F) 57.6% John Morrow (DR) 42.4% |
| Virginia 3 | John Smith | Democratic-Republican | 1801 | Re-elected | John Smith (DR) 87.0% Robert Page (F) 13.0% |
| Virginia 4 | David Holmes | Democratic-Republican | 1797 | Retired Federalist gain |
Jacob Swoope (F) 53.7% Daniel Smith (DR) 46.3% |
| Virginia 5 | Alexander Wilson | Democratic-Republican | 1804 (special) | Lost re-election Federalist gain |
James Breckinridge (F) 56.7% Alexander Wilson (DR) 43.3% |
| Virginia 6 | Abram Trigg | Democratic-Republican | 1797 | Retired Federalist gain |
Daniel Sheffey (F) 66.6% Francis Preston (DR) 33.4% |
| Virginia 7 | Joseph Lewis, Jr. | Federalist | 1803 | Re-elected | Joseph Lewis, Jr. (F) 62.0% William Tyler (DR) 38.0% |
| Virginia 8 | Walter Jones | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Re-elected | Walter Jones[Note 6] (DR) John Hungerford (DR) John Talavar (DR) Richard Barnes (F) |
| Virginia 9 | John Love | Democratic-Republican | 1807 | Re-elected | John Love[Note 11] (DR) |
| Virginia 10 | John Dawson | Democratic-Republican | 1797 | Re-elected | John Dawson (DR) 100% |
| Virginia 11 | James M. Garnett | Democratic-Republican | 1805 | Retired Democratic-Republican hold |
John Roane (DR) 53.7% John T. Woodford (F) 46.3% |
| Virginia 12 | Burwell Bassett | Democratic-Republican | 1805 | Re-elected | Burwell Bassett (DR) 57.4% John Eyre (F) 42.6% |
| Virginia 13 | William A. Burwell | Democratic-Republican | 1806 (special) | Re-elected | William A. Burwell (DR) 100% |
| Virginia 14 | Matthew Clay | Democratic-Republican | 1797 | Re-elected | Matthew Clay (DR) 100% |
| Virginia 15 | John Randolph | Democratic-Republican | 1799 | Re-elected | John Randolph (DR) 71.5% Jerman Baker (DR) 28.5% |
| Virginia 16 | John W. Eppes | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Re-elected | John W. Eppes (DR) 100% |
| Virginia 17 | Thomas Gholson, Jr. | Democratic-Republican | 1808 (special) | Re-elected | Thomas Gholson, Jr. (DR) 94.9% Jarvis Northampton (F) 5.1% |
| Virginia 18 | Peterson Goodwyn | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Re-elected | Peterson Goodwyn (DR) 70.5% John Pegram (F?) 29.5% |
| Virginia 19 | Edwin Gray | Democratic-Republican | 1799 | Re-elected | Edwin Gray (DR) 54.5% Richard Byrd 37.5% William Massenburg (DR) 8.0% |
| Virginia 20 | Thomas Newton, Jr. | Democratic-Republican | 1799 | Re-elected | Thomas Newton, Jr. (DR) 60.1% Robert B. Tayler (F) 39.9% |
| Virginia 21 | Wilson C. Nicholas | Democratic-Republican | 1807 | Re-elected | Wilson C. Nicholas (DR) 100% |
| Virginia 22 | John Clopton | Democratic-Republican | 1801 | Re-elected | John Clopton 80.7% (DR) Charles Dabney (Quid) 19.3% |
In the 1st district, John G. Jackson (DR) resigned September 28, 1810 due to injuries received after a duel with fellow Congressman Joseph Pearson (F) of North Carolina and was replaced by William McKinley (DR) in a special election.
In the 21st district, Wilson C. Nicholas (DR) resigned on November 27, 1809, and was replaced in a special election by David S. Garland (DR).
Non-voting delegates
Three territories sent non-voting delegates to the 11th Congress.
| District | Incumbent | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indiana Territory at-large | Indiana Territory did not elect a delegate before the 11th Congress convened | Jonathan Jennings 46.6% Thomas Randolph 43.8% John Johnson 8.8% | ||
| Mississippi Territory at-large | George Poindexter | 1806 | Re-elected | George Poindexter[Note 12] Thomas H. Williams Others |
| Orleans Territory at-large | Daniel Clark | 1806 | Retired | Julien de L. Poydras 20 Watkins[Note 13] 5 |
In Indiana Territory, Thomas Randolph unsuccessfully contested the election of Jennings. This was the first election for Delegate in Indiana Territory to be decided by popular vote rather than by the legislature. Mississippi Territory also elected its delegate by popular vote. Orleans Territory retained legislative election of its delegate.
See also
Notes
- ^ a b c d Figures here match Dubin (p. 42, which includes "87 Republicans, 1 Independent Republican, and 6 Quids", in addition to "48 Federalists"), but are different than those given by Martis (p. 80), and "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, House of United States House of Representatives., which both report 92 Democrat-Republicans, and 50 Federalists.
- ^ Includes 1 plural district
- ^ Redistricted, includes 2 plural districts
- ^ Includes 4 plural districts
- ^ Majority required for election which was not met in two districts, necessitating a second election, held on December 13, 1808
- ^ a b c d e f g h Source does not give numbers of votes or has incomplete data
- ^ Elected in subsequent special election
- ^ In Vermont
- ^ a b c Only candidates with at least 1% of the vote listed
- ^ a b Won special election to fill vacancy in 10th Congress
- ^ Source does not have numbers of votes, but provides a citation stating that he was "elected without opposition in one county and by a great majority in the other" [1], his opponent or opponents in that county is not given
- ^ Electoral data in source are incomplete, the top two candidates received 1,067 and 657 votes respectively, numbers of votes for the other candidates is only reported for some counties
- ^ Source does not give full name
References
- ^ a b c d Dubin, p. 42.
- ^ Eleventh Congress (membership roster)
- ^ Wilkes University Elections Statistics Project
Bibliography
- "A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787-1825". Tufts Digital Library, Tufts University. Retrieved January 17, 2015.
- Dubin, Michael J. (March 1, 1998). United States Congressional Elections, 1788-1997: The Official Results of the Elections of the 1st Through 105th Congresses. McFarland and Company. ISBN 978-0786402830.
- Martis, Kenneth C. (January 1, 1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, 1789-1989. Macmillan Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0029201701.
- "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, United States House of Representatives. Retrieved January 21, 2015.
External links
- Office of the Historian (Office of Art & Archives, Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives)