2014 United States Senate election in Tennessee
 | |||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||
 County results | |||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||
| Elections in Tennessee |
|---|
 |
 Government |
The 2014 United States Senate election in Tennessee took place on November 4, 2014, to elect a member of the United States Senate for the State of Tennessee. Incumbent Republican Senator Lamar Alexander was re-elected to a third term in office.
Background
Alexander was re-elected with 65% of the vote in 2008. Alexander stepped down from his leadership role as Republican Conference Chairman of the United States Senate in 2011, but announced that he would seek re-election to a third term.[1]
Republican primary
Although Alexander was initially thought to be vulnerable to a primary challenge from the right, he worked to avoid this and ultimately did not face a high-profile challenger. He declared his intention to run early, quickly won the endorsement of Governor Bill Haslam, every living former Tennessee Republican Party Chairman and the state's entire Republican congressional delegation (except scandal-hit Scott DesJarlais). He also raised a large amount of money and worked to avoid the mistakes of ousted Senators Bob Bennett and Richard Lugar by trying to stay in touch with his constituents, especially in East Tennessee. Moreover, out-of-state conservative organizations such as the Senate Conservatives Fund made little effort to defeat Alexander.[2]
During his re-election campaign in 2008, Alexander faced no opponents in the Republican primary.[3] As early as July 2013, it was obvious that the same would not be true in 2014. The weekend of July 20, 2013, a rally was held in Smyrna in opposition to Alexander. Activists attending the event included Williamson County GOP leader Kevin Kookogey.[4] By mid-August, Triton Polling released a poll showing Alexander trailing "a generic conservative" by five points.[5] But no "generic conservative" seemed to want to step up. In search of a candidate, a "Beat Lamar" PAC held a forum and invited Kookogey, Knox County mayor Tim Burchett, and Alexander's only formal opponent at the time, Brenda Lenard of Knoxville.[6]
On August 20, 2013, State Representative Joe Carr announced his candidacy. He had previously been opposing Scott Desjarlais in the race for Tennessee's 4th congressional district, but swapped races under public pressure.[7] Kookogey soon dropped out of the race.[8] Four candidates were then vetted in September by the "Coalition for a Constitutional Senate": Carr, truck driver Jerry Davis, business owner John McDaniel, and electrician Danny Page.[9] The coalition ultimately endorsed Carr with 59% of the vote,[10][11] but some felt that Carr's nomination was coerced by the leaders of the Beat Lamar PAC.[12][13] Independent candidate Danny Page was especially vocal on that issue.[14]
Entering the race late was George Flinn, a radiologist from Memphis who had run for Congress against Steve Cohen in 2012.[15] There was some speculation that Flinn was a spoiler deployed by Alexander to steal Tea Party votes from Carr.[15]
In the primary's final stretch Carr was endorsed by Sarah Palin,[16] but he did not receive much other support from outside of Tennessee, failing to receive endorsements from the Senate Conservatives Fund[17] or the Club for Growth.[18]
Ultimately, Alexander won the primary, though he recorded the lowest winning percentage (49.7%) and lowest margin of victory (9.2 points) ever in a primary for a Republican U.S. Senator from Tennessee. Carr won a larger percentage of the vote (40.5%) than the previous 11 challengers to sitting Republican U.S. Senators in Tennessee history combined (40.3%).[19]
Candidates
Declared
- Christian Agnew[20]
- Lamar Alexander, incumbent U.S. Senator[20]
- Joe Carr, State Representative[21]
- George Flinn, radiologist, radio station owner, former Shelby County Commissioner and nominee for Tennessee's 9th congressional district in 2012[22]
- John King, businessman[20]
- Brenda Lenard, doctoral student at the University of Tennessee and candidate for the U.S. Senate in 2012[23]
- Erin Kent Magee[20]
Withdrew
Declined
- Diane Black, U.S. Representative[26]
- Marsha Blackburn, U.S. Representative[26]
- Tim Burchett, Mayor of Knox County[27]
- Stacey Campfield, State Senator[28]
- Jimmy Duncan, U.S. Representative[26]
- Stephen Fincher, U.S. Representative[26]
- Chuck Fleischmann, U.S. Representative[26]
- Mark Green, State Senator[28]
- Glenn Jacobs (Kane), professional wrestler[29]
- Kevin Kookogey, former Chairman of the Williamson County Republican Party[30]
- Monty Lankford, businessman, board member of the Tennessee Family Action Council and nominee for Tennessee's 4th congressional district in 2008[31]
- Ron Ramsey, Lieutenant Governor and Speaker of the Tennessee Senate[28]
- Phil Roe, U.S. Representative[26]
Endorsements
Lamar Alexander
Individuals
- Howard Baker, former Senate Majority Leader and former White House Chief of Staff[32]
- Tom Beasley, former Chair of the Tennessee Republican Party[33]
- Diane Black, U.S. Representative[34]
- Marsha Blackburn, U.S. Representative[34]
- Bill Brock, former U.S. Senator and former United States Secretary of Labor[32]
- Jim Burnett, former Chair of the Tennessee Republican Party[33]
- Chris Christie, Governor of New Jersey[32]
- Bob Corker, U.S. Senator[34]
- Bob Davis, Jr., former Chair of the Tennessee Republican Party[33]
- Jimmy Duncan, U.S. Representative[34]
- Winfield Dunn, former Governor of Tennessee[32]
- Stephen Fincher, U.S. Representative[34]
- Chuck Fleischmann, U.S. Representative[34]
- Bill Frist, former Senate Majority Leader[32]
- Beth Harwell, Speaker of the Tennessee House of Representatives and former Chair of the Tennessee Republican Party[34]
- Bill Haslam, Governor of Tennessee[34]
- Jim Henry, former Chair of the Tennessee Republican Party[33]
- Tommy Hooper, former Chair of the Tennessee Republican Party[33]
- Mike Huckabee, former Governor of Arkansas and candidate for President in 2008[35]
- S.L. "Kopie" Kopald, Jr., former Chair of the Tennessee Republican Party[33]
- Brad Martin, former Chair of the Tennessee Republican Party[33]
- Charles L. Overby, former Chair of the Tennessee Republican Party[33]
- Ron Ramsey, Lieutenant Governor and Speaker of the Tennessee Senate[34]
- Randle Richardson, former Chair of the Tennessee Republican Party[33]
- Susan Richardson Williams, former Chair of the Tennessee Republican Party[33]
- Phil Roe, U.S. Representative[34]
- Chip Saltsman, former Chair of the Tennessee Republican Party[33]
- Robin Smith, former Chair of the Tennessee Republican Party[33]
- Brian L. Mason, candidate for State House 51[32]
- Don Sundquist, former Governor of Tennessee[32]
- Fred Thompson, former U.S. Senator and candidate for President in 2008[32]
Joe Carr
Individuals
- Michael DelGiorno & Ralph Bristol, radio hosts for WWTN in Nashville, TN[36]
- Sheila Butt (R-Columbia), Tennessee State Representative[37]
- Judd Matheny (R-Tullahoma), Tennessee State Representative[37]
- Mark Pody (R-Lebanon), Tennessee State Representative[37]
- Courtney Rogers (R-Goodlettsville), Tennessee State Representative[37]
- Mike Sparks (R-Smyrna), Tennessee State Representative[37]
- Billy Spivey (R-Lewisburg), Tennessee State Representative[37]
- Rick Womick (R-Rockvale), Tennessee State Representative[37]
- Sarah Palin, former Governor of Alaska and nominee for Vice President in 2008[38]
- Laura Ingraham, author and conservative political commentator[39]
Organizations
- Coalition for a Constitutional Senate[40]
- Tea Party Nation[41]
- Beat Lamar PAC
Polling
| Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Lamar Alexander |
Joe Carr |
George Flinn |
Brenda Lenard |
Danny Page |
Other | Undecided |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Red Racing Horses & PMI inc. | July 28–30, 2014 | 400 | ± 5% | 41% | 29% | 5% | — | — | 5% | 20% |
| North Star Opinion Research* | July 27–29, 2014 | 600 | ± 4% | 53% | 24% | — | 1% | 1% | 5% | 16% |
| North Star Opinion Research* | July 20–22, 2014 | 600 | ± 4% | 53% | 21% | — | — | — | 9% | 15% |
| Tea Party Nation/Triton | July 10–11, 2014 | 1,099 | ± 2.9% | 43% | 36% | — | — | — | — | 21% |
| Tea Party Nation/Triton | May 22, 2014 | 1,100 | ± ? | 44% | 20% | — | — | — | 9% | 27% |
| North Star Opinion Research* | May 12–14, 2014 | 600 | ± 4% | 56% | 14% | — | 1% | 1% | — | 22% |
| North Star Opinion Research* | February 3–6, 2014 | 600 | ± 4% | 62% | 17% | — | 2% | 1% | — | 18% |
| MTSU | January 23–26, 2014 | ? | ± ? | 40% | 7% | — | — | — | 4% | 49% |
| Public Policy Polling^ | December 2–3, 2013 | 391 | ± 5% | 46% | 40% | — | — | — | — | 14% |
| North Star Opinion Research* | August 19–22, 2013 | 600 | ± 4% | 64% | 22% | — | — | — | — | 14% |
| 69% | — | — | 16% | — | — | 15% |
| Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Lamar Alexander |
Conservative challenger |
Undecided |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Triton Polling | August 15–16, 2013 | 680 | ± 3.7% | 44.9% | 49.5% | 5.6% |
- * Internal poll for Lamar Alexander campaign
- ^ Internal Poll for Terry Adams campaign
|
Hypothetical polling | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Results
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Lamar Alexander | 331,705 | 49.65 | |
| Republican | Joe Carr | 271,324 | 40.61 | |
| Republican | George Shea Flinn | 34,668 | 5.19 | |
| Republican | Christian Agnew | 11,320 | 1.69 | |
| Republican | Brenda S. Lenard | 7,908 | 1.18 | |
| Republican | John D. King | 7,748 | 1.16 | |
| Republican | Erin Kent Magee | 3,366 | 0.50 | |
| Total votes | 668,039 | 100 | ||
Democratic primary
Declared
- Terry Adams, attorney[43]
- Gordon Ball, attorney[44]
- Larry Crim, CEO of Christian Counseling Centers of America, Inc.[45]
- Gary Gene Davis, perennial candidate[20]
Withdrew
Declined
- Phil Bredesen, former Governor of Tennessee[47]
- Joe Brown, arbiter of the CBS television series Judge Joe Brown and former Shelby County Criminal Court judge[48]
- Craig Fitzhugh, Minority Leader of the Tennessee House of Representatives[49]
- Roy Herron, Chairman of the Tennessee Democratic Party, former State Senator and nominee for Tennessee's 8th congressional district in 2010[50]
Endorsements
Terry Adams
Public Figures
- Charles Robert Bone, attorney and 2015 candidate for Mayor of Nashville[43]
- Charles W. Bone, attorney and Democratic fundraiser[43]
- Chip Forrester, former Chair of the Tennessee Democratic Party[43]
- Bob Tuke, former Chair of the Tennessee Democratic Party and nominee for the U.S. Senate in 2008[43]
- Mike Turner, State Representative[43]
- Mike McWherter, Democratic nominee for Governor of Tennessee in 2010[51]
- Lowe Finney, Tennessee State Senator[51]
- Craig Fitzhugh, Tennessee State Representative[51]
- Lincoln Davis, former U.S. Representative[52]
- Jerry Maynard II, Metro Councilman At-Large for Nashville[52]
- Doris Medlin, Tennessee Democratic Party Executive Committee Member and former Director of the Tennessee Commission on the Status of Women[52]
- Doug Horne, former Tennessee Democratic Party Chairman and former candidate for Governor of Tennessee[52]
- Bill Mason, author, political consultant, and President of Tennessee Citizen Action[52]
- Olan Mills II, Chairman Emeritus of Olan Mills, Inc.[52]
- Bill Freeman, businessman and potential candidate for Mayor of Nashville[52]
- Jamie Isabel, former Nashville Metro Councilman[52]
- Clark Jones, businessman and fundraiser[52]
- Junaid Odubeko, commercial litigator and author[52]
- Chase Cole, attorney and member of the Dean's Council of the Vanderbilt University School of Law[52]
Other
- Knoxville News Sentinel, newspaper[53]
- Chattanooga Times Free Press, newspaper[54]
Gordon Ball
Results
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Gordon Ball | 87,829 | 36.45 | |
| Democratic | Terry Adams | 85,794 | 35.61 | |
| Democratic | Gary Gene Davis | 42,549 | 17.66 | |
| Democratic | Larry Crim | 24,777 | 10.28 | |
| Total votes | 240,949 | 100 | ||
- U.S. Senate Primary Voting Irregularities reported in the 2014 Election Cycle. The Secretary of State Elections Division and County Election Officials received complaints from campaigns and voters for Joe Carr (R) for U.S. Senate, Larry Crim (D) for U.S. Senate and Jim Tracy (R) for U.S. House (TN-4) to the effect that Primary Ballots were not visible to voters on voting machine screens in numerous critical voting jurisdictions, including Rutherford County, TN which Carr for U.S. Senate represented as State House Member, Larry Crim (D) for U.S. Senate achieved support from elected public officials, Rutherford County Democratic Committee Members and conducted focused grass roots outreach and which Jim Tracy (R) for U.S. House District 4 (TN) represented as State Senator. Memphis was another jurisdiction where Primary Ballot screens on voting machines were reported as inoperative or not visible to voters. In Memphis Carr (R) for U.S. Senate ran a Shelby County conservative effort; Larry Crim (D) for U.S. Senate ran with core support among ranking members of the Black Caucus of Memphis Legislators and grass roots campaigning among inner city voters. Ricky Wilkins (D) for U.S. House (TN-9) also ran in the Memphis area with similar inner city outreach against incumbent U.S. House Member Steve Cohen (D) Memphis (U.S. House (TN-9) [reelected]. Election irregularities, previously reported in the 2012 federal primary in Memphis (including the U.S. Senate 2012 Democratic primary) repeated in the 2014 federal primary early voting periods, were followed by the Federal Department of Justice assigning federal monitors to Memphis on the actual primary election day 2014. Though the 2014 federal U.S. Senate primary candidates in Tennessee including Larry Crim (D) for U.S. Senate and Joe Carr (R) for U.S. Senate along with U.S. House primary candidates Ricky Wilkins (D) for U.S. House (TN/9) Memphis and Jim Tracy (R) for U.S. House (TN/4) [43% of whose U.S. District 4 was in Rutherford County who briefly considered an election challenge] could have filed an election contest challenging the disparate impact (i.e. diminishment of vote count) on their primary elections in these focal points of their electioneering efforts in key counties, none ultimately chose to challenge the outcome.
General election
Candidates
- Lamar Alexander (Republican), incumbent U.S. Senator[20]
- Gordon Ball (Democratic), attorney[44]
- Tom Emerson, Jr. (Independent)[20]
- Edmund Gauthier (Independent)[20]
- Joshua James (Independent)[20]
- Danny Page (Independent), electrician[20][25]
- Bartholomew Phillips (Independent)[20]
- Martin Pleasant (Green)[20]
- C. Salekin (Independent)[20]
- Eric Schecter (Independent)[20]
- Rick Tyler (Independent)[20]
- Joe Wilmoth (Constitution), candidate for the State Senate in 2010[20]
Endorsements
Lamar Alexander
Tennessee State Government
- Beth Harwell, Speaker of the Tennessee House of Representatives and former Chair of the Tennessee Republican Party[34]
- Bill Haslam, Governor of Tennessee[34]
- Joey Hensley, State Senator (R- Hohenwald)[56]
- Matthew Hill, State Representative (R- Jonesborough)[56]
- Timothy Hill, State Representative (R- Blountville)[56]
- Andy Holt, State Representative (R- Dresden)[56]
- Brian L. Mason, candidate for State House[32]
- Frank Niceley, State Senator(R- Strawberry Plains)[56]
- Mark Pody, State Representative (R- Lebanon)[56]
- Ron Ramsey, Lieutenant Governor and Speaker of the Tennessee Senate[34]
- Bill Sanderson, State Representative (R- Kenton)[56]
- Mike Sparks, State Representative (R- Smyrna)[56]
- Billy Spivey, State Representative (R- Lewisburg)[56]
- Tim Wirgau, State Representative (R- Buchanan)[56]
- Rick Womick, State Representative (R- Rockvale)[56]
Members of US Congress
- Diane Black, U.S. Representative[34]
- Marsha Blackburn, U.S. Representative[34]
- Bob Corker, U.S. Senator[34]
- Jimmy Duncan, U.S. Representative[34]
- Stephen Fincher, U.S. Representative[34]
- Chuck Fleischmann, U.S. Representative[34]
- Angus King, U.S. Senator (I-ME)[57]
- Phil Roe, U.S. Representative[34]
Other Tennesseans
- Tom Beasley, former Chair of the Tennessee Republican Party[33]
- Bill Brock, former U.S. Senator and former United States Secretary of Labor[32]
- Jim Burnett, former Chair of the Tennessee Republican Party[33]
- Bob Davis, Jr., former Chair of the Tennessee Republican Party[33]
- Winfield Dunn, former Governor of Tennessee[32]
- Bill Frist, former Senate Majority Leader[32]
- Jim Henry, former Chair of the Tennessee Republican Party[33]
- Tommy Hooper, former Chair of the Tennessee Republican Party[33]
- S.L. "Kopie" Kopald, Jr., former Chair of the Tennessee Republican Party[33]
- Brad Martin, former Chair of the Tennessee Republican Party[33]
- Charles L. Overby, former Chair of the Tennessee Republican Party[33]
- Randle Richardson, former Chair of the Tennessee Republican Party[33]
- Susan Richardson Williams, former Chair of the Tennessee Republican Party[33]
- Chip Saltsman, former Chair of the Tennessee Republican Party[33]
- Robin Smith, former Chair of the Tennessee Republican Party[33]
- Don Sundquist, former Governor of Tennessee[32]
- Fred Thompson, former U.S. Senator and candidate for President in 2008[32]
Non-Tennesseans
- Chris Christie, Governor of New Jersey[32]
- Mike Huckabee, former Governor of Arkansas and candidate for President in 2008[35]
Gordon Ball
- Jim Cooper, U.S. Representative[58]
- Brenda Gilmore, State representative[58]
- Sherry Jones, State representative[58]
- Diane Neighbors, Vice Mayor of Nashville[58]
- Jason Powell, State representative[58]
- Mike Stewart, State representative[58]
- A C Wharton, Mayor of Memphis[55]
Danny Page
- Jacob Brimm, former candidate for US Congress 2014- Tennessee's 7th district[59]
- Mark "Coonrippy" Brown, Republican candidate for Governor of Tennessee in 2014[60]
- Mary Cook, leader of the Smokey Mountain Tea Party[59]
- June Griffin, US Senate Candidate in 2002, leader of Rhea County Tea Party[59]
- John D. King, former candidate for Republican nomination US Senate 2014[59]
- Brenda Lenard, former candidate for Republican nomination US Senate 2014 & 2012[59]
- Erin Kent Magee, former candidate for Republican nomination US Senate 2014[59]
- Kay White, leader of Tri-Cities Tea Party[59]
- Libertycandidates.com[61]
Debates
The first was held in Bolivar, Tennessee and attended by Democrats Gordon Ball and Terry Adams, Republican George Flinn, and independents Ed Gauthier and Danny Page. The attendees criticized Alexander and Carr for not attending.[62][63]
The second was a "candidates' forum" after the primary in Cookeville on October 16. Only Republican nominee Lamar Alexander and Democrat nominee Gordon Ball were allowed to participate.[64]
The third debate was on October 23 at a Sheraton Hotel across from the Tennessee State Capitol in Nashville. The nominees for the Democratic Party (Gordon Ball), Libertarian Party (Joshua James), Green Party (Martin Pleasant), and Constitution Party (Joe Wilmoth) were all in attendance as well as independents Tom Emerson, Ed Gauthier, and Danny Page.[65] The moderator was blogger Tom Humphrey of the blog "Humphrey on the Hill". The candidates discussed a number of issues, including abortion, The Islamic State, Common Core education standards, and global warming, but the issue that stuck most with the media was marijuana. There was a general consensus among the seven candidates in attendance that the federal government should not be involved in the issue, and that authority on marijuana should be reserved to the states and people.[66] Incumbent Senator Lamar Alexander declined to participate in the debate, and was mocked by Democrat Gordon Ball as being "chicken". Alexander was speaking in front of various groups in Nashville and Murfreesboro that day.[65]
The fourth and fifth debates were held in Johnson City and Crossville, and featured candidates Gordon Ball and Danny Page. Senator Alexander was invited, but attended neither.[67][68]
Campaign
In September, an education summit was held in Nashville by Governor Bill Haslam. A protest of the summit (which was largely a protest of the "Common Core" standards) was attended by Democrat Gordon Ball and independent Danny Page.[69]
In late September, eleven members of the Tennessee General Assembly who had backed Joe Carr in the primaries announced they would back Alexander in the general election, saying, "We feel that it is vitally important to the country that we stand together and support replacing the liberal agenda that is now in control of the United States Senate". Carr himself abstained from the endorsement.[56]
Polling
| Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Lamar Alexander (R) |
Gordon Ball (D) |
Other | Undecided |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CBS News/NYT/YouGov | October 16–23, 2014 | 974 | ± 5% | 55% | 33% | 2% | 10% |
| CBS News/NYT/YouGov | September 20–October 1, 2014 | 1,007 | ± 4% | 53% | 32% | 2% | 12% |
| CBS News/NYT/YouGov | August 18–September 2, 2014 | 1,056 | ± 4% | 47% | 32% | 10% | 11% |
| Rasmussen Reports | August 11–12, 2014 | 750 | ± 4% | 47% | 32% | 10% | 12% |
| CBS News/New York Times | July 5–24, 2014 | 1,465 | ± 5.4% | 48% | 33% | 14% | 5% |
| Rasmussen Reports | April 29–30, 2014 | 750 | ± 4% | 51% | 25% | 10% | 15% |
|
Hypothetical polling | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Results
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Lamar Alexander | 849,629 | 61.89 | |
| Democratic | Gordon Ball | 437,251 | 31.85 | |
| Constitution | Joe Wilmoth | 36,063 | 2.63 | |
| Green | Martin Pleasant | 12,536 | 0.91 | |
| Independent | Tom Emerson, Jr. | 11,149 | 0.81 | |
| Independent | Danny Page | 7,710 | 0.56 | |
| Independent | Rick Tyler | 5,753 | 0.42 | |
| Independent | Joshua James | 5,672 | 0.41 | |
| Independent | Bartholomew J. Phillips | 2,380 | 0.17 | |
| Independent | Edmund L. Gauthier | 2,311 | 0.17 | |
| Independent | Eric Schechter | 1,668 | 0.12 | |
| Independent | Choudhury Salekin | 784 | 0.06 | |
| Total votes | 1,372,906 | 100 | ||
See also
References
- ^ "Alexander quitting leadership post in Senate". Politico. September 20, 2011.
- ^ Alexis Levinson (August 1, 2014). "How Lamar Alexander Staved Off His Primary Challenger".
- ^ http://www.tn.gov/sos/election/results/2008-08/repUSS.pdf
- ^ http://www.politico.com/story/2013/07/lamar-alexander-under-fire-immigration-vote-94766.html
- ^ http://www.breitbart.com/Big-Government/2013/08/18/Exclusive-Poll-Sen-Alexander-Trails-Generic-Conservative-by-5-Points
- ^ http://www.tennessean.com/article/20130816/NEWS02/308160101/1972/NEWS02
- ^ http://www.nashvillescene.com/pitw/archives/2013/08/20/rep-joe-carr-announces-primary-challenge-of-sen-lamar-alexander
- ^ http://www.wbir.com/story/news/politics/elections/2013/09/04/2767523/
- ^ http://constitutionalsenate.com/potential-challengers/
- ^ http://www.wbir.com/story/news/politics/elections/2013/10/01/tea-party-groups-back-joe-carr-for-senate/2901781/
- ^ http://constitutionalsenate.com/2013/09/30/coalition-convention-results-joe-carr-is-in/#comments
- ^ http://tennesseeticket.com/2013/09/30/some-tea-party-members-ok-with-the-carr-but-not-with-the-driver/
- ^ http://knoxblogs.com/humphreyhill/2013/10/01/tea-party-support-joe-carr-unanimous/
- ^ http://blogs.tennessean.com/politics/2013/tea-party-candidate-says-hes-been-shut-out-of-beat-lamar-process/
- ^ a b http://www.bizjournals.com/memphis/news/2014/04/01/george-flinn-announces-plan-to-run-against-lamar.html
- ^ http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/post-politics/wp/2014/07/23/sarah-palin-endorses-joe-carr-against-sen-lamar-alexander/
- ^ http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2014/aug/10/phillips-ken-cuccinelli-put-your-money-where-your-/?page=all
- ^ http://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/05/us/politics/in-tennessee-and-kansas-tea-partys-primary-challenges-falling-short.html?_r=0
- ^ Ostermeier, Eric (August 7, 2014). "Alexander Records Weakest Primary Win for GOP US Senator in Tennessee History". Smart Politics.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q "Petitions Filed for Governor, United States Senate, and United States House of Representatives" (PDF). Tennessee Secretary of State. Retrieved April 7, 2014.
- ^ SCHELZIG, ERIK (August 20, 2013). "State Rep. Joe Carr announces Alexander challenge". The Miami Herald. Retrieved August 20, 2013.
- ^ Veazey, Kyle (April 1, 2014). "George Flinn says he'll challenge Alexander in U.S. Senate primary". The Commercial Appeal. Retrieved April 3, 2014.
- ^ Dugger III, A.J. (August 4, 2013). "Tea Party candidate challenges Alexander". The Murfreesboro Post. Retrieved August 20, 2013.
- ^ Garrison, Joey (September 24, 2013). "Tea Party candidate says he's been shut out of Beat Lamar process". The Tennessean. Retrieved October 7, 2013.
- ^ a b Page, Danny (March 15, 2014). "A Declaration of Running as an Independent". Danny Page for Senate. Retrieved April 3, 2014.
- ^ a b c d e f "Clamoring for a conservative to challenge Alexander". Chattanooga Times Free Press. May 26, 2013. Retrieved June 26, 2013.
- ^ "Knox County Mayor Tim Burchett won't run for U.S. Senate". WATE-TV. October 9, 2013. Retrieved October 25, 2013.
- ^ a b c Humphrey, Tom (July 14, 2013). "Political notebook: Ramsey, Campfield reject entreaties to oppose Sen. Alexander". Knoxville News Sentinel. Retrieved August 12, 2013.
- ^ Harris, Alex (August 28, 2013). "Jacobs Staying Out of Political Ring, Leaves Alexander to Other Challengers". TNReport. Retrieved July 25, 2014.
- ^ Garrison, Joey (September 3, 2013). "Kevin Kookogey backs out of tea party bid against Sen. Alexander". The Tennessean. Retrieved September 4, 2013.
- ^ Sher, Andy (March 18, 2013). "Franklin businessman says he won't challenge Sen. Alexander in 2014, will support him instead". Chattanooga Times Free Press. Retrieved August 20, 2013.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Harrison, James (March 8, 2013). "Sen. Lamar Alexander touts additional backers for 2014". Nooga.com. Retrieved December 6, 2013.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x Whitehouse, Ken (February 7, 2013). "Alexander campaign continues to lasso GOP leaders". NashvillePost.com. Retrieved December 6, 2013.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Raju, Manu (December 1, 2012). "Lamar Alexander unveils heavyweight support". Politico. Retrieved December 6, 2013.
- ^ a b Harrison, James (August 22, 2013). "Sen. Lamar Alexander boasts Mike Huckabee endorsement". Nooga.com. Retrieved December 6, 2013.
- ^ "Rep. Joe Carr Lands Pair of Early Key Endorsements in US Senate Race". August 22, 2013.
- ^ a b c d e f g Tony Lee (June 16, 2014). "JOE CARR GAINING ENDORSEMENTS AND MOMENTUM AGAINST LAMAR ALEXANDER". BreitBart.com. Retrieved June 16, 2014.
- ^ http://www.dnj.com/story/news/politics/2014/07/24/sarah-palin-endorses-joe-carr-us-senate/13103535/
- ^ http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2014/07/22/carr-looks-for-a-boost-from-ingraham/12980707/
- ^ "Coalition Convention results: Joe Carr is in!". September 30, 2013.
- ^ "Tea Party Nation endorses conservative challenger to Lamar Alexander". August 20, 2013.
- ^ a b "August 7, 2014 Unofficial Election Results". Tennessee Secretary of State. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
- ^ a b c d e f Sher, Andy (October 28, 2013). "Knoxville attorney Terry Adams enters 2014 race for the U.S. Senate from Tennessee". Chattanooga Times Free Press. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
- ^ a b Humphrey, Tom (January 15, 2014). "Attorney Gordon Ball to seek Democratic nomination to U.S. Senate". KnoxBlogs. Retrieved February 26, 2014.
- ^ Humphrey, Tom (January 31, 2013). "Larry Crim Files as Democratic Candidate for U.S. Senate". Knoxville News Sentinel.
- ^ Garrison, Joey (August 12, 2013). "Jacob Maurer, not just Larry Crim, seeking '14 Democratic nomination for U.S.Senate". The Tennessean. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
- ^ "Bredesen won't challenge Alexander". Politico. December 3, 2012.
- ^ "Judge Joe Brown, Ousted from his CBS Courtroom, Could Run for the Senate". Memphis Flyer. April 21, 2013.
- ^ Zelinski, Andrea (July 22, 2013). "Rep. Fitzhugh passes on run for governor". Nashville City Paper. Retrieved July 24, 2013.
- ^ Garrison, Joey (August 12, 2013). "A year out, TN Democrats' search for governor, Senate candidates turning cold". The Tennessean. Retrieved August 20, 2013.
- ^ a b c Adams challenges fellow Democrat Ball to debate in U.S. Senate primary race Knox News, 6 July 2014
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k TN-SEN: Meet Terry Adams, Democratic Challenger to Sen. Lamar Alexander - Mar 12 Fundraiser (Video) Daily-KOS, 7 March 2014
- ^ "Timeline Photos - Terry Adams for U.S. Senate". Facebook. Retrieved July 25, 2014.
- ^ "Times picks for U.S. Senate, governor". Chattanooga Times Free Press. Retrieved July 27, 2014.
- ^ a b Ball, Gordon (March 20, 2014). "Pleased to announce that our campaign has been endorsed by Mayor AC Wharton of Memphis". Twitter. Retrieved April 2, 2014.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l http://www.tennessean.com/story/insession/2014/09/29/eleven-joe-carr-supporters-back-lamar-alexander/16426687/
- ^ Jaffe, Alexandra (October 24, 2014). "Maine Independent endorses GOP's Alexander". The Hill. Retrieved October 25, 2014.
- ^ a b c d e f http://www.tennessean.com/story/news/politics/2014/08/25/jim-cooper-council-members-lawmakers-endorse-gordon-ball/14577779/
- ^ a b c d e f g http://dannypageforsenate.com/press-releases/
- ^ https://www.facebook.com/801341203216745/photos/pb.801341203216745.-2207520000.1410460164./929586563725541/?type=3&theater
- ^ http://libertycandidates.com/2014/03/2014-liberty-candidate-danny-page/
- ^ http://www.tennessean.com/story/news/politics/2014/07/18/bolivar-bristles-politicians-debate-snub/12863589/
- ^ http://www.memphisflyer.com/JacksonBaker/archives/2014/07/25/absent-incumbents-take-lumps-at-bolivar-forum
- ^ http://www.tennessean.com/story/news/politics/2014/10/16/alexander-ball-exchange-barbs-farm-bureau-forum/17355579/
- ^ a b http://www.tennessean.com/story/news/politics/2014/10/23/alexander-ducks-debate-ball-six-others/17798079/
- ^ http://www.timesfreepress.com/news/2014/oct/24/candidates-dismiss-federal-role-on-pot/
- ^ http://www.wjhl.com/story/26887020/two-us-senate-candidates-hold-forum-at-holiday-inn?autoStart=true&topVideoCatNo=default&clipId=10773865
- ^ http://tnreport.com/2014/11/01/ball-issues-invitation-alexander-final-debate-sunday/
- ^ http://www.tennessean.com/story/news/education/2014/09/18/summit-previews-next-round-common-core-fight/15850197/
- ^ http://www.elections.tn.gov/20141104_db.php?ByOffice=United%20States%20Senate
External links
- Official campaign websites