List of countries by income equality: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
Expanding bare references using ReferenceExpander
Line 26: Line 26:
!colspan=2| UN R/P
!colspan=2| UN R/P
!colspan=2| [[Gini coefficient|Gini]]<ref>{{cite web |title=GINI index (World Bank estimate) |url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI/ |website=data.worldbank.org |publisher=World Bank |access-date=30 March 2020}}</ref>
!colspan=2| [[Gini coefficient|Gini]]<ref>{{cite web |title=GINI index (World Bank estimate) |url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI/ |website=data.worldbank.org |publisher=World Bank |access-date=30 March 2020}}</ref>
!colspan=2| CIA R/P<ref>{{Citation|last=Monino|first=Jean-Louis|title=Data Development Mechanisms|date=2016-03-11|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119285199.ch3|work=Big Data, Open Data and Data Development|pages=43–72|place=Hoboken, NJ, USA|publisher=John Wiley & Sons, Inc.|isbn=978-1-119-28519-9|access-date=2021-06-26|last2=Sedkaoui|first2=Soraya}}</ref>
!colspan=2| CIA R/P<ref>Data show the ratio of the household income or consumption share of the richest group to that of the poorest. [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/222.html Household income or consumption by percentage share (%)], [[The World Factbook]], [[CIA]], updated on January 24, 2008. Note: To calculate the value given in the table for this article, the ''highest 10%'' value was divided by the ''lowest 10%'' value.</ref>
!colspan=2|CIA Gini<ref>[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2172rank.html Distribution of family income – Gini index], [[The World Factbook]], [[CIA]], accessed on September 24, 2020.</ref>
!colspan=2|CIA Gini<ref>[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2172rank.html Distribution of family income – Gini index], [[The World Factbook]], [[CIA]], accessed on September 24, 2020.</ref>
|- {{Static row numbers header}}
|- {{Static row numbers header}}
! 10%<ref>{{Citation|last=Monino|first=Jean-Louis|title=Data Development Mechanisms|date=2016-03-11|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119285199.ch3|work=Big Data, Open Data and Data Development|pages=43–72|place=Hoboken, NJ, USA|publisher=John Wiley & Sons, Inc.|isbn=978-1-119-28519-9|access-date=2021-06-26|last2=Sedkaoui|first2=Soraya}}</ref>
! 10%<ref>Data show the ratio of the income or expenditure share of the richest group to that of the poorest. [http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/reports/269/hdr_2009_en_complete.pdf Human Development Report 2009], [[UNDP]], accessed on July 30, 2011.</ref>
! 20%<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://hdr.undp.org/en/indicators/135106|title={{!}} Human Development Reports|website=hdr.undp.org|access-date=2019-03-04}}</ref>
! 20%<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://hdr.undp.org/en/indicators/135106|title={{!}} Human Development Reports|website=hdr.undp.org|access-date=2019-03-04}}</ref>
! <big>%</big>
! <big>%</big>
Line 126: Line 126:
| {{flaglist+link|table=y|region=y|subregion=y|Income inequality in|Dominican Republic}} || 25.3 || 10.5 || 43.7 || 2018 || 18.8 || 2012 || 45.7 || 2012 <small>est.</small>
| {{flaglist+link|table=y|region=y|subregion=y|Income inequality in|Dominican Republic}} || 25.3 || 10.5 || 43.7 || 2018 || 18.8 || 2012 || 45.7 || 2012 <small>est.</small>
|-
|-
| {{flaglist+link|table=y|region=y|subregion=y|Income inequality in|Ecuador}} || 35.2 || 10.7 || 45.4 || 2018 || 17.5 || 2006 Oct.<ref name="Data for urban households only">Data for urban households only.</ref> || 48.5 || 2013 Dec.<ref name="Data for urban households only"/>
| {{flaglist+link|table=y|region=y|subregion=y|Income inequality in|Ecuador}} || 35.2 || 10.7 || 45.4 || 2018 || 17.5 || 2006 Oct.<ref name="Data for urban households only">{{Citation|last=Monino|first=Jean-Louis|title=Data Development Mechanisms|date=2016-03-11|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119285199.ch3|work=Big Data, Open Data and Data Development|pages=43–72|place=Hoboken, NJ, USA|publisher=John Wiley & Sons, Inc.|isbn=978-1-119-28519-9|access-date=2021-06-26|last2=Sedkaoui|first2=Soraya}}</ref> || 48.5 || 2013 Dec.<ref name="Data for urban households only"/>
|-
|-
| {{flaglist+link|table=y|region=y|subregion=y|Income inequality in|Egypt}} || 8.0 || 4.6 || 31.5 || 2017 || 8.0 || 2000 || 30.8 || 2008
| {{flaglist+link|table=y|region=y|subregion=y|Income inequality in|Egypt}} || 8.0 || 4.6 || 31.5 || 2017 || 8.0 || 2000 || 30.8 || 2008
Line 394: Line 394:
| style=text-align:left| {{noflag|World}} || || || || || 12.0 || 2002 <small>est.</small> || 38.0 || 2007
| style=text-align:left| {{noflag|World}} || || || || || 12.0 || 2002 <small>est.</small> || 38.0 || 2007
|}
|}
Other estimates for the World: Gini = 63.0 in 2006 (Lafuente et al., 2006).<ref name="Lafuente et al, 2006">Lafuente Lechuga, Matilde; Losa Carmona, Antonio; Sánchez Martínez, Antonio. 2016. «[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/26442324_Analisis_de_la_evolucion_de_la_desigualdad_economica_mundial_en_los_ultimos_anos Análisis de la evolución de la desigualdad económica mundial en los últimos años]» (pdf). ''XVI Jornadas de ASEPUMA y II Encuentro Internacional''. Consultado el 12 de abril de 2014.</ref>
Other estimates for the World: Gini = 63.0 in 2006 (Lafuente et al., 2006).<ref name="Lafuente et al, 2006">{{Citation|last=Lafuente-Lafuente|first=Carmelo|title=Active chest compression-decompression for cardiopulmonary resuscitation|date=2004-10-18|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.cd002751.pub2|work=Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews|place=Chichester, UK|publisher=John Wiley & Sons, Ltd|access-date=2021-06-26|last2=Melero-Bascones|first2=María}}</ref>


==EU27 countries==
==EU27 countries==

Revision as of 06:20, 26 June 2021

World map of the Gini coefficients by country. Based on World Bank data ranging from 1992 to 2018.[1]

This is a list of countries or dependencies by income inequality metrics, including Gini coefficients. The Gini coefficient is a number between 0 and 1, where 0 corresponds with perfect equality (where everyone has the same income) and 1 corresponds with perfect inequality (where one person has all the income—and everyone else has no income).

Income distribution can vary greatly from wealth distribution in a country (see List of countries by distribution of wealth). Income from black market economic activity is not included and is the subject of current economic research.[2][3]

UN, World Bank and CIA list – income ratios and Gini indices

Row numbers are static. Other columns are sortable. This allows ranking of any column.

Key:

R/P 10%
The ratio of the average income of the richest 10% to the poorest 10%.
R/P 20%
The ratio of the average income of the richest 20% to the poorest 20%.
Gini
Gini index, a quantified representation of a nation's Lorenz curve. A Gini index of 0% expresses perfect equality, while index of 100% expresses maximal inequality.
UN
Data from the United Nations Development Programme.
World Bank
Data from the World Bank.
CIA
Data from the Central Intelligence Agency's The World Factbook.
Country Region Subregion UN R/P Gini[4] CIA R/P[5] CIA Gini[6]
10%[7] 20%[8] % Year 10% Year % Year
Template:Flaglist+link
Template:Flaglist+link 7.2 4.2 33.2 2017 7.2 2004 26.9 2012 est.
Template:Flaglist+link 9.6 4.0 27.6 2011 9.6 1995 35.3 1995
Template:Flaglist+link 9.0 51.3 2018
Template:Flaglist+link 31.6 8.8 41.4 2018 35.0 2007 Jan.–Mar. 41.7 2017
Template:Flaglist+link 8.0 5.0 34.4 2018 25.8 2004 34.4[9] 2018[10]
Template:Flaglist+link 12.5 6.3 34.4 2014 12.7 1994 30.3 2008
Template:Flaglist+link 6.9 4.9 29.7 2017 6.8 2004 26.3 2007
Template:Flaglist+link 9.7 26.6 2005 9.5 2001 33.7 2008
Template:Flaglist+link
Template:Flaglist+link 7.5 4.8 32.4 2016 7.5 2000 est. 32.1 2010
Template:Flaglist+link 6.9 3.6 25.2 2018 6.9 2002 26.5 2011
Template:Flaglist+link 8.2 4.2 27.4 2017 8.3 2000 25.9 2013 est.
Template:Flaglist+link 28.8 53.3 1999 19.9 2013 49.8 2014
Template:Flaglist+link 9.4 16.3 47.8 2015 9.4 2003 36.5 2003
Template:Flaglist+link 6.6 37.4 2017 38.7 2012
Template:Flaglist+link 93.9 11.8 42.2 2018 157.3 2002 46.6 2012
Template:Flaglist+link 5.4 5.4 33.0 2011 5.5 2001 36.2 2007
Template:Flaglist+link 43.0 15.0 53.3 2015 60.9 2009
Template:Flaglist+link 16.5 21.1 53.9 2018 16.3 2013 48.8 2018
Template:Flaglist+link 7.0 7.3 40.4 2017 8.8 2005 35.4 2012
Template:Flaglist+link 11.6 5.3 35.3 2014 11.5 2003 39.5 2007
Template:Flaglist+link 19.3 6.7 38.6 2013 19.3 1998 42.4 1998
Template:Flaglist+link 12.2 12.0 2004 37.9 2008 est.
Template:Flaglist+link 15.7 11.5 46.6 2014 15.4 2001 44.6 2001
Template:Flaglist+link 9.4 6.2 33.8 2013 9.5 2000 32.1 2005
Template:Flaglist+link 10.7 47.2 2007
Template:Flaglist+link 69.2 18.5 56.2 2008 68.1 1993 43.6 2003
Template:Flaglist+link 10.0 43.3 2011 43.3 2011 est.
Template:Flaglist+link 26.2 11.2 44.4 2017 32.1 2003 52.1 2009
Template:Flaglist+link 21.6 10.2 38.5 2016 21.8 2004 46.5 2016
Template:Flaglist+link 60.4 13.4 50.4 2018 56.3 2008 53.5 2012
Template:Flaglist+link 11.2 45.3 2014 55.9 2004 est.
Template:Flaglist+link 8.8 42.1 2012
Template:Flaglist+link 12.8 48.9 2011
Template:Flaglist+link 23.4 12.3 48.0 2018 37.3 2003 50.3 2009
Template:Flaglist+link 16.6 8.4 41.5 2015 17.0 2002 41.5 2008
Template:Flaglist+link 7.3 5.3 30.4 2017 7.2 2003 est. 32.0 2010
Template:Flaglist+link
Template:Flaglist+link 5.3 31.4 2017 32.4 2013 est.
Template:Flaglist+link 5.2 3.7 24.9 2017 5.2 1996 24.9 2012
Template:Flaglist+link 8.1 4.0 28.7 2017 12.0 2000 est. 24.8 2011 est.
Template:Flaglist+link 8.8 44.6 2017 40.9 2002
Template:Flaglist+link 25.3 10.5 43.7 2018 18.8 2012 45.7 2012 est.
Template:Flaglist+link 35.2 10.7 45.4 2018 17.5 2006 Oct.[11] 48.5 2013 Dec.[11]
Template:Flaglist+link 8.0 4.6 31.5 2017 8.0 2000 30.8 2008
Template:Flaglist+link 38.6 7.0 38.6 2018 55.4 2002 46.9 2007
Template:Flaglist+link
Template:Flaglist+link 10.8 5.4 30.4 2017 11.0 2003 32.9 2013
Template:Flaglist+link 25.1 14.2 54.6 2016 25.4 2001 50.4 2001
Template:Flaglist+link 6.6 7.1 35.0 2015 6.5 2000 33.0 2011
Template:Flaglist+link Europe 8.6 2015 est. 30.6 2012 est.
Template:Flaglist+link 6.0 36.7 2013
Template:Flaglist+link 5.6 3.9 27.4 2017 5.7 2000 26.8 2008
Template:Flaglist+link 9.1 5.2 31.6 2017 8.3 2004 30.1 2013
Template:Flaglist+link 7.4 38.0 2017
Template:Flaglist+link 20.2 5.9 35.9 2015 20.6 1998 50.2 1998
Template:Flaglist+link 15.4 7.1 36.4 2018 15.2 2003 46.0 2011
Template:Flaglist+link 6.9 5.1 31.9 2016 6.9 2000 27.0 2006
Template:Flaglist+link 14.1 10.3 43.5 2016 13.7 1999 42.3 2012–2013
Template:Flaglist+link 10.2 7.1 34.4 2017 10.4 2000 est. 34.4 2013 est.
Template:Flaglist+link 33.9 11.9 48.3 2014 48.2 2002 55.1 2007
Template:Flaglist+link 10.5 5.5 33.7 2012 21.6 2006 39.4 2007
Template:Flaglist+link 19.0 12.6 50.7 2010 84.8 1991
Template:Flaglist+link 44.6 1998 26.0 1999 44.6 2007
Template:Flaglist+link 54.4 8.6 41.1 2012 68.1 2001 60.8 2012
Template:Flaglist+link 59.4 17.1 52.1 2018 35.2 2003 57.7 2007
Template:Flaglist+link 17.8 53.9 2016
Template:Flaglist+link 5.5 4.9 30.6 2017 5.6 2002 24.7 2009
Template:Flaglist+link 4.0 26.8 2015 28.0 2006
Template:Flaglist+link 8.6 5.5 37.8 2011 8.6 2004 35.1 2011
Template:Flaglist+link 7.8 6.6 39.0 2018 7.9 2002 38.8 2018
Template:Flaglist+link 17.2 7.7 40.8 2017 16.9 1998 44.5 2006
Template:Flaglist+link 4.4 29.5 2012
Template:Flaglist+link 9.4 5.0 32.8 2016 9.4 2000 33.9 2010
Template:Flaglist+link 13.4 8.5 39.0 2016 11.8 2005 37.6 2012
Template:Flaglist+link 11.6 7.0 35.9 2017 11.7 2000 31.9 2012 est.
Template:Flaglist+link 17.3 45.5 2004 17.0 2004 45.5 2004
Template:Flaglist+link 4.5 5.4 32.9 2013 4.5 1993 37.9 2011
Template:Flaglist+link 11.3 5.2 33.7 2010 11.3 2003 39.7 2007
Template:Flaglist+link 8.5 3.8 27.5 2017 8.0 2004 est. 28.9 2011
Template:Flaglist+link 13.6 7.7 40.8 2015 18.6 2000 42.5 2008 est.
Template:Flaglist+link
Template:Flaglist+link 7.8 5.3 31.6 2012 5.9 2011 34.1 2015
Template:Flaglist+link[a] 29.0 2017
Template:Flaglist+link
Template:Flaglist+link 6.4 3.8 27.7 2018 6.4 2003 33.4 2007
Template:Flaglist+link 8.3 5.9 36.4 2012 8.4 2002 36.7 2008
Template:Flaglist+link 11.6 5.8 35.6 2017 11.6 2003 35.2 2010
Template:Flaglist+link 5.1 31.8 2011
Template:Flaglist+link 39.8 20.8 44.9 2017 48.2 2002 est. 63.2 1995
Template:Flaglist+link 12.8 5.9 35.3 2016
Template:Flaglist+link
Template:Flaglist+link 10.4 7.2 37.3 2017 10.3 2003 35.5 2009
Template:Flaglist+link 5.7 34.9 2017 6.8 2000 30.4 2013 est.
Template:Flaglist+link 35 2013
Template:Flaglist+link 12.5 7.3 34.2 2017 12.3 2003 43.6 2013
Template:Flaglist+link 19.2 8.7 42.6 2012 19.3 2001 47.5 2001
Template:Flaglist+link 10.9 8.1 44.7 2016 11.0 2004 39.0 2004
Template:Flaglist+link 22.1 8.2 41.0 2015 28.0 2003 est. 46.2 2009
Template:Flaglist+link 7.0 31.3 2016 37.4 2004 est.
Template:Flaglist+link 12.5 5.2 33.0 2009 12.6 2001 40.1 2001
Template:Flaglist+link 4.5 29.2 2017 27.9 2013
Template:Flaglist+link 12.0 5.4 32.6 2014 11.8 2000 39.0 2000
Template:Flaglist+link 5.9 36.8 2017 35.9 2012 est.
Template:Flaglist+link 21.6 8.8 45.4 2018 24.6 2004 48.3 2008
Template:Flaglist+link 8.4 40.1 2013 61.1 2013 est.
Template:Flaglist+link 8.2 3.6 25.7 2018 8.3 2003 33.0 2010
Template:Flaglist+link 8.2 5.1 32.7 2018 8.2 2002 36.5 2008
Template:Flaglist+link 4.8 39.0 2015 26.2 2013 est.
Template:Flaglist+link 11.7 7.0 39.5 2013 11.9 1999 40.9 2007 est.
Template:Flaglist+link 18.8 14.2 54.0 2014 18.8 2002 45.6 2008
Template:Flaglist+link 6.3 30.7 2017 11.6 1998
Template:Flaglist+link 106.6 22.8 59.1 2015 129.0 2003 59.7 2010
Template:Flaglist+link 15.8 5.0 32.8 2010 15.6 2004 32.8 2010
Template:Flaglist+link 9.2 4.2 28.5 2017 9.2 1999 25.1 2013
Template:Flaglist+link 12.4 36.2 1997
Template:Flaglist+link 31.0 10.2 46.2 2014 15.4 2001 40.5 2010
Template:Flaglist+link 46.0 5.4 34.3 2014 44.3 1995 34.0 2007
Template:Flaglist+link 17.8 9.1 35.1 2020 17.5 2003 43.7 2003
Template:Flaglist+link 6.1 4.1 27.0 2017 6.0 2000 26.8 2010
Template:Flaglist+link
Template:Flaglist+link 6.5 4.8 33.5 2015 6.6 2002 29.6 2011 FY
Template:Flaglist+link 49.9 15.9 49.2 2018 61.4 2003 51.9 2010 est.
Template:Flaglist+link 23.8 9.3 41.9 2009 23.8 1996 50.9 1996
Template:Flaglist+link 38.8 11.7 46.2 2018 65.9 2003 53.2 2009
Template:Flaglist+link 26.1 10.3 42.8 2018 31.5 2003 45.3 2012
Template:Flaglist+link 15.5 7.2 44.4 2015 15.5 2003 46.0 2012
Template:Flaglist+link 8.8 4.6 29.7 2017 8.7 2002 34.1 2009
Template:Flaglist+link 15.0 6.4 33.8 2017 9.2 1995 est. 34.2 2013 est.
Template:Flaglist+link
Template:Flaglist+link 7.5 8.0 36.0 2017 7.4 2003 27.3 2012
Template:Flaglist+link 12.7 6.6 37.5 2018 12.8 2002 42 2012
Template:Flaglist+link 18.6 8.5 43.7 2016 18.2 2000 46.8 2000
Template:Flaglist+link 4.7 56.3 2017
Template:Flaglist+link
Template:Flaglist+link 12.3 7.7 40.3 2011 12.4 2001 40.3 2011
Template:Flaglist+link 4.2 36.2 2017 38.7 2014 est.
Template:Flaglist+link 9.8 46.8 2013
Template:Flaglist+link 87.2 5.4 35.7 2018 87.2 1989 34.0 2011
Template:Flaglist+link 17.7 17.3 1998 46.4 2014
Template:Flaglist+link 6.7 4.1 25.2 2016 6.7 1996 25.3 2012
Template:Flaglist+link 5.9 3.7 24.2 2017 5.9 1998 23.7 2012
Template:Flaglist+link
Template:Flaglist+link 33.1 28.4 63.0 2014 31.9 2000 62.5 2013 est.
Template:Flaglist+link 13.0 46.3 2009 46.0 2010 est.
Template:Flaglist+link 10.3 7.3 34.7 2017 10.2 2000 34.0 2011
Template:Flaglist+link 11.1 6.8 39.8 2016 36.1 2003/04 FY 49.0 2010
Template:Flaglist+link 6.8 51.2 2016
Template:Flaglist+link 6.2 35.4 2009
Template:Flaglist+link 57.6 1999
Template:Flaglist+link 6.2 4.6 28.8 2017 6.2 2000 24.9 2013
Template:Flaglist+link 9.0 5.2 32.7 2017 8.9 2000 28.7 2012 est.
Template:Flaglist+link 35.8 2004
Template:Flaglist+link 6.1 2002 est. 33.8 2012
Template:Flaglist+link 7.8 5.6 34.0 2015 7.8 2003 32.6 2006
Template:Flaglist+link 9.2 6.2 40.5 2017 9.3 2000 37.6 2007
Template:Flaglist+link 12.6 6.0 36.4 2018 12.4 2002 39.4 2010
Template:Flaglist+link 4.1 28.7 2014 31.9 2007 est.
Template:Flaglist+link 9.7 43.1 2015
Template:Flaglist+link 12.9 40.3 1992
Template:Flaglist+link 13.4 5.2 32.8 2015 13.7 2000 40.0 2005 est.
Template:Flaglist+link 6.6 8.5 41.9 2018 17.1 2003 40.2 2010
Template:Flaglist+link 12.3 40.8 1999 12.2 1998 40.8 1998
Template:Flaglist+link 16.6 8.2 42.8 2016 16.4 2002 39.5 2013
Template:Flaglist+link 5.9 3.5 26.1 2018 7.6 2006 28.2 2009
Template:Flaglist+link 32.5 2014
Template:Flaglist+link 13.8 5.4 34.8 2016 13.6 1999 32.4 2012
Template:Flaglist+link 18.5 9.4 41.4 2016 14.0 2014 est. 47.0 2014
Template:Flaglist+link 11.8 7.8 39.7 2018 17.9 2003 45.3 2010
Template:Flaglist+link 10.6 35.3 2003 10.6 2003 36.8 2003
Template:Flaglist+link 18.8 15.8 46.9 2006 50.3 2003 39.0 2011
Template:Flaglist+link 6.9 6.2 35.7 2018 10.0 2004 37.6 2008
Template:Flaglist+link 5.6 33.7 2016
Template:Flaglist+link 8.6 6.1 36.7 2014 8.6 2003 37.7 2005
Template:Flaglist+link 21.1 57.1 2015 57.5 2010
Template:Flaglist+link 8.6 44.3 2017 50.1 2006
 World 12.0 2002 est. 38.0 2007

Other estimates for the World: Gini = 63.0 in 2006 (Lafuente et al., 2006).[12]

EU27 countries

Member state 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
 Austria 27.4 27.6 27.0 27.6 27.2 27.2 27.9 26.8 27.5
 Belgium 26.3 26.5 25.9 25.9 26.2 26.3 26.1 25.7 25.1
 Bulgaria 35.0 33.6 35.4 35.4 37.0 37.7 40.2 39.6 40.8
 Croatia 31.2 30.9 30.9 30.2 30.4 29.8 29.9 29.7 29.2
 Cyprus 29.2 31.0 32.4 34.8 33.6 32.1 30.8 29.1 31.1
 Czech Republic 25.2 24.9 24.6 25.1 25.0 25.1 24.5 24.0 24.0
 Denmark 26.6 26.5 26.8 27.7 27.4 27.7 27.6 27.8 27.5
 Estonia 31.9 32.5 32.9 35.6 34.8 32.7 31.6 30.6 30.5
 Finland 25.8 25.9 25.4 25.6 25.2 25.4 25.3 25.9 26.2
 France 30.8 30.5 30.1 29.2 29.2 29.3 28.8 28.5
 Germany 29.0 28.3 29.7 30.7 30.1 29.5 29.1 31.1 29.7
 Greece 33.5 34.3 34.4 34.5 34.2 34.3 33.4 32.3 31.0
 Hungary 26.9 27.2 28.3 28.6 28.2 28.2 28.1 28.7 28.0
 Ireland 29.8 30.4 30.7 31.1 29.7 29.6 30.6 28.9
 Italy 32.5 32.4 32.8 32.4 32.4 33.1 32.7 33.4
 Latvia 35.1 35.7 35.2 35.5 35.4 34.5 34.5 35.6 35.2
 Lithuania 33.0 32.0 34.6 35.0 37.9 37.0 37.6 36.9 35.4
 Luxembourg 27.2 28.0 30.4 28.7 28.5 29.6 29.2 31.3 32.3
 Malta 27.2 27.1 28.0 27.7 28.1 28.6 28.2 28.7 28.0
 Netherlands 25.8 25.4 25.1 26.2 26.7 26.9 27.1 27.4 26.8
 Poland 31.1 30.9 30.7 30.8 30.6 29.8 29.2 27.8 28.5
 Portugal 34.2 34.5 34.2 34.5 34.0 33.9 33.5 32.1 31.9
 Romania 33.5 34.0 34.6 35.0 37.4 34.7 33.1 35.1 34.8
 Slovakia 25.7 25.3 24.2 26.1 23.7 24.3 23.2 20.9
 Slovenia 23.8 23.7 24.4 25.0 24.5 24.4 23.7 23.4 23.9
 Spain 34.0 34.2 33.7 34.7 34.6 34.5 34.1 33.2 33.0
 Sweden 26.0 26.0 26.0 26.9 26.7 27.6 28.0 27.0 27.6
 Serbia[n 1] — — 38.0 38.3 40.0 39.8 37.6 35.6
 Montenegro[n 2][13] — — 38.5 36.5 36.5 36.5 36.7
 European Union 30.5 30.4 30.6 30.9 30.8 30.6 30.3 30.4
Eurozone (EA19) 30.6 30.5 30.7 31.0 30.7 30.7 30.4 30.6

OECD countries

Gini coefficient, before taxes and transfers

Country mid-70s mid-80s ~ 1990 mid-90s ~ 2000 mid-2000s Late 2000s
 Australia 0.467 0.476 0.465 0.469
 Austria 0.433 0.472
 Belgium 0.449 0.472 0.464 0.494 0.469
 Canada 0.385 0.395 0.403 0.430 0.440 0.436 0.441
 Chile 0.441 0.414 0.426
 Czech Republic 0.442 0.472 0.474 0.444
 Denmark 0.373 0.396 0.417 0.415 0.417 0.416
 Estonia 0.504 0.458
 Finland 0.343 0.387 0.479 0.478 0.483 0.465
 France 0.380 0.370 0.473 0.490 0.485 0.483
 Germany 0.439 0.429 0.459 0.471 0.499 0.504
 Greece 0.448 0.426 0.446 0.466 0.454 0.436
 Hungary 0.452 0.496 0.463 0.497 0.466
 Iceland 0.365 0.382
 Ireland
 Israel 0.472 0.476 0.494 0.504 0.513 0.498
 Italy 0.420 0.437 0.508 0.516 0.557 0.534
 Japan 0.345 0.403 0.432 0.443 0.462
 Luxembourg 0.383 0.427 0.421 0.454 0.482
 Mexico 0.453 0.532 0.517 0.491 0.494
 Netherlands 0.426 0.473 0.474 0.484 0.424 0.426 0.426
 New Zealand 0.408 0.468 0.488 0.484 0.473 0.455
 Norway 0.351 0.404 0.426 0.447 0.410
 Poland 0.542 0.470
 Portugal 0.457 0.436 0.490 0.479 0.542 0.521
 Slovakia 0.458 0.416
 Slovenia 0.452 0.423
 South Korea 0.331 0.344
 Spain 0.461
 Sweden 0.389 0.404 0.408 0.438 0.446 0.432 0.426
 Switzerland 0.409
 Turkey 0.470
 United Kingdom 0.338 0.419 0.439 0.453 0.458 0.445 0.456
 United States 0.406 0.436 0.450 0.477 0.476 0.486 0.486

Gini coefficient, after taxes and transfers

Country mid-70s mid-80s ~ 1990 mid-90s ~ 2000 mid-2000s Late 2000s
 Australia 0.309 0.317 0.315 0.336
 Austria 0.236 0.238 0.252 0.265 0.261
 Belgium 0.274 0.287 0.289 0.271 0.259
 Canada 0.304 0.293 0.287 0.289 0.318 0.317 0.324
 Chile 0.427 0.403 0.394
 Czech Republic 0.232 0.257 0.260 0.268 0.256
 Denmark 0.221 0.226 0.215 0.226 0.232 0.248
 Estonia 0.349 0.315
 Finland 0.235 0.209 0.218 0.247 0.254 0.259
 France 0.300 0.290 0.277 0.287 0.288 0.293
 Germany 0.251 0.256 0.266 0.264 0.285 0.295
 Greece 0.413 0.336 0.336 0.345 0.321 0.307
 Hungary 0.273 0.294 0.293 0.291 0.272
 Iceland 0.257 0.301
 Ireland 0.331 0.324 0.304 0.314 0.293
 Israel 0.326 0.329 0.338 0.347 0.378 0.371
 Italy 0.309 0.297 0.348 0.343 0.352 0.337
 Japan 0.304 0.323 0.337 0.321 0.329
 Luxembourg 0.247 0.259 0.261 0.258 0.288
 Mexico 0.452 0.519 0.507 0.474 0.476
 Netherlands 0.263 0.272 0.292 0.297 0.292 0.284 0.294
 New Zealand 0.271 0.318 0.335 0.339 0.335 0.330
 Norway 0.222 0.243 0.261 0.276 0.250
 Poland 0.316 0.349 0.305
 Portugal 0.354 0.329 0.359 0.356 0.385 0.353
 Slovakia 0.268 0.257
 Slovenia 0.246 0.236
 South Korea 0.306 0.315
 Spain 0.371 0.337 0.343 0.342 0.319 0.317
 Sweden 0.212 0.198 0.209 0.211 0.243 0.234 0.259
 Switzerland 0.279 0.276 0.303
 Turkey 0.434 0.490 0.430 0.409
 United Kingdom 0.268 0.309 0.354 0.336 0.351 0.331 0.345
 United States 0.316 0.337 0.348 0.361 0.357 0.380 0.378

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Serbia is a negotiating candidate to the EU.
  2. ^ Montenegro is a negotiating candidate to the EU.
  1. ^ Template:Kosovo-note

References

  1. ^ "GINI index (World Bank estimate) | Data". data.worldbank.org. Retrieved 2020-07-23.
  2. ^ Underground economy and income inequality: two connected aspects in the oncoming context of Italian federalism Archived 2012-02-09 at the Wayback Machine. By Iacopo Odoardi and Carmen Pagliari. Vol. 15 No. 1, 2011 Archived 2012-02-09 at the Wayback Machine. Global & Local Economic Review.
  3. ^ The Size of the Shadow Economies of 145 Countries all over the World: First Results over the Period 1999 to 2003. December 2004. By Friedrich Schneider (University of Linz and IZA Bonn). Institute for the Study of Labor.
  4. ^ "GINI index (World Bank estimate)". data.worldbank.org. World Bank. Retrieved 30 March 2020.
  5. ^ Monino, Jean-Louis; Sedkaoui, Soraya (2016-03-11), "Data Development Mechanisms", Big Data, Open Data and Data Development, Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., pp. 43–72, ISBN 978-1-119-28519-9, retrieved 2021-06-26
  6. ^ Distribution of family income – Gini index, The World Factbook, CIA, accessed on September 24, 2020.
  7. ^ Monino, Jean-Louis; Sedkaoui, Soraya (2016-03-11), "Data Development Mechanisms", Big Data, Open Data and Data Development, Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., pp. 43–72, ISBN 978-1-119-28519-9, retrieved 2021-06-26
  8. ^ "| Human Development Reports". hdr.undp.org. Retrieved 2019-03-04.
  9. ^ "Gini Index coefficient – distribution of family income - The World Factbook". www.cia.gov. Retrieved 2021-04-19.
  10. ^ "Gini Index coefficient – distribution of family income - The World Factbook". www.cia.gov. Retrieved 2021-04-19.
  11. ^ a b Monino, Jean-Louis; Sedkaoui, Soraya (2016-03-11), "Data Development Mechanisms", Big Data, Open Data and Data Development, Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., pp. 43–72, ISBN 978-1-119-28519-9, retrieved 2021-06-26
  12. ^ Lafuente-Lafuente, Carmelo; Melero-Bascones, María (2004-10-18), "Active chest compression-decompression for cardiopulmonary resuscitation", Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, retrieved 2021-06-26
  13. ^ "GINI Index for Montenegro". 18 January 2018. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

Further reading

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_countries_by_income_equality&oldid=1030483680"