Core Socialist Values: Difference between revisions

Core Socialist Values
Core Socialist Values
	Giant poster listing the twelve Core Socialist Values of the Chinese Communist Party
Simplified Chinese	社会主义核心价值观
Traditional Chinese	社會主義核心價值觀
Hanyu Pinyin
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Shèhuì zhǔyì héxīn jiàzhíguān
Wade–Giles	Shê-hui chu-yi ho-hsin chia-chih-kuan
Yue: Cantonese
Yale Romanization	Séhkūi zyūjìh hàhtsàm gáazìhkgùn
Southern Min
Hokkien POJ	Siā-hōe Chú-gī hu̍t-sim kè ta̍t koan

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A poster in Dalian promoting the twelve Core Socialist Values.

Giant poster listing the twelve Core Socialist Values of the Chinese Communist Party (2017).

The Core Socialist Values is a set of official interpretations of Chinese socialism promoted at the 18th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party in 2012. The 12 values, written in 24 Chinese characters,^[1] are the national values of "prosperity", "democracy", "civility" and "harmony"; the social values of "freedom", "equality", "justice" and the "rule of law"; and the individual values of "patriotism", "dedication", "integrity" and "friendship".^[a]^[2]^[3]

Background

In 1989, paramount leader Deng Xiaoping stated in a speech that he considered education to be the biggest reform failure of the 1980s, and in particular ideological and political education. The government had tried to effect mass campaigns to this end, but these would not ultimately be regarded as effective. The Death of Wang Yue in 2011 might be considered an instigator for a new program. In 2012, the building of a system of "Core Socialist Values" was proposed to address what was perceived as a moral crisis resulting from China's rapid economic development, which the People's Daily refers to as the "decayed, outdated ideals of mammonism and extreme individualism."^[3] At the 18th National Congress, Party general secretary Hu Jintao represented the 17th Central Committee and presented the content of the new values that are intended to be enshrined by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP).^[1]

A quote from CCP general secretary Xi Jinping at the Eighteenth National Congress says:

If our 1.3 billion citizens and 82 million Party members as well as overseas Chinese can achieve consensus, we will constitute a powerful force [...] We must realize that people from different localities and social strata who have different backgrounds and occupations think differently. We must therefore consider: where can we find consensus? Where can we allow differences to persist?^[4]

Program

The program called for the local governments to "organize moral education campaigns", and for media organizations to "practice self-discipline". In addition, artists were asked to promote the values, while party members and state officials are expected to put these new values in practice.^[3] It also called on schools to incorporate them, with the Ministry of Education issuing a document in 2014 requesting all educational institutions promote them.^[3] Xi Jinping expressed in a high-level meeting that promotional campaigns for 'Core Socialist Values' should be thorough, to the extent that public support for Chinese-style socialism will be "as ubiquitous as the air".^[5] Another quote from 2014 further elaborates his position:

We need to energetically foster and promote core socialist values; promptly establish a value system that fully reflects Chinese characteristics, our national identity, and the features of the times; and strive to occupy the leading position on this issue. Ethical values play a very important role among core values. Without morals, a country cannot thrive, and its people cannot stand upright. Whether or not a nation or an individual has a strong sense of identity largely depends on their morals. If our people cannot uphold the moral values that have been formed and developed on our own soil, and instead indiscriminately and blindly parrot Western moral values, then it will be necessary to genuinely question whether we will lose our independent ethos as a country and a people. Without this independent ethos, our political, intellectual, cultural and institutional independence will have the rug pulled out from under it.^[4]

In 2016, Hunan Province officials responded to the campaign by organizing a series of dance routines to "spread the values" and express their support for the Communist Party.^[6]

To assess the effectiveness on how well the 'Core Socialist Values' are being promoted, a recent official survey conducted by Zhejiang Province reveals that 97.1% of the university students asked in 2016 are familiar with the subject. As for the general public, 75.2% acknowledge the importance of the subject, although only 35.7% of the respondents are familiar with the content that are being promoted by the central government.^[7]

In June 2017, the State Administration of Press, Publication, Radio, Film and Television issued several notices that intended to further restrict freedom of the press. One of the notices, with a patriotic bent, demanded broadcasters promote core values in their programs and "forcefully oppose" content that celebrates "money worship, hedonism, radical individualism and feudal thought."^[8]

Reception

Shiyuan Hao considers the program of "great significance" for a "multi-national country like China", and for the creation of both a "harmonious culture" and a "creative breeding ground" for cultural diversity.^[9]

Michael Gow considers that, compelled to align its interests with the "broader interests of the Chinese people and different groups", the program for Core Socialist Values might best be analyzed as a shift from a focus on the economy to cultural power; or, if one wished to extrapolate, an attempt to cement legitimacy through the creation of a new cultural order, consent to which might be regarded as "essential for long-term social stability".^[10]

Liu Ruisheng, a researcher of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences School of Journalism, criticizes the governments attempts more generally as simply lacking the same depth of value promotion in the west, which is "concealed" in the social sciences, education, religion, and entertainment, whereas the CCP presents ideology ad hoc. He is still pro-CCP however.^[11]

Academic Director Frank N. Pieke refers to the values as Confucian and as otherwise lacking any specifically Socialist content,^[2] but then as Michael Gow points out most Chinese do share a "broadly accepted, common-sense understanding of Confucian values."^[10]

List of Values

The twelve Core Socialist Values are:

National values

Prosperity (Chinese: 富强; pinyin: fùqiáng)
Democracy (Chinese: 民主; pinyin: mínzhǔ)
Civility (Chinese: 文明; pinyin: wénmíng)
Harmony (Chinese: 和谐; pinyin: héxié)

Social values

Freedom (Chinese: 自由; pinyin: zìyóu)
Equality (Chinese: 平等; pinyin: píngděng)
Justice (Chinese: 公正; pinyin: gōngzhèng)
Rule of law (Chinese: 法治; pinyin: fǎzhì)

Individual values

Patriotism (Chinese: 爱国; pinyin: àiguó)
Dedication (Chinese: 敬业; pinyin: jìngyè)
Integrity (Chinese: 诚信; pinyin: chéngxìn)
Friendship^[a] (Chinese: 友善; pinyin: yǒushàn)

References

^ ^a ^b "Friendship", which in the Chinese original is 友善, is more closely translated as "friendliness" or "amicability". In other words, the word normally refers to a personal attitude, not a type of interpersonal relationship.

^ ^a ^b Zhao, Kiki (1 September 2016). "China's 'Core Socialist Values,' the Song-and-Dance Version". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 30 July 2017. Retrieved 23 May 2020.
^ ^a ^b Pieke, Frank N. (28 July 2016). Knowing China. Cambridge University Press. p. 24. ISBN 978-1-107-13274-0.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Zhao, Xu (29 April 2016). Competition and Compassion in Chinese Secondary Education. Springer. ISBN 978-1-137-47941-9.
^ ^a ^b Xi Jinping, How to Deepen Reform Comprehensively, Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, 2014.
^ Lam, Willy Wo-Lap (12 March 2015). Chinese Politics in the Era of Xi Jinping: Renaissance, Reform, or Retrogression? (1st ed.). Routledge. p. 283. doi:10.4324/9781315719368. ISBN 978-1-315-71936-8.
^ Chen, Te-Ping (2 September 2016). "Dancing Tool: China Uses Dance to Promote 'Socialist Values'". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on 7 November 2016. Retrieved 23 May 2020.
^ Yao, Silu (12 January 2017). "Research shows: The percentage of university students in Zhejiang that are familiar with 'Core Socialist Values' are over 97%". The Paper (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 18 August 2017. Retrieved 6 July 2017.
^ Miller, Matthew; Zhang, Min (3 June 2017). "China's broadcast regulator, tightening control of content, promotes 'core socialist values'". Reuters. Archived from the original on 7 June 2017. Retrieved 23 May 2020.
^ Hao, Shiyuan (30 November 2015). How the Communist Party of China Manages the Issue of Nationality: An Evolving Topic. Springer. pp. 241, 247. ISBN 978-3-662-48462-3.
^ ^a ^b Gow, Michael (2 January 2017). "The Core Socialist Values of the Chinese Dream: towards a Chinese integral state" (PDF). Critical Asian Studies. 49 (1): 92–116. doi:10.1080/14672715.2016.1263803. ISSN 1467-2715. S2CID 157324954.
^ Lynch, Daniel C. (11 March 2015). China's Futures: PRC Elites Debate Economics, Politics, and Foreign Policy. Stanford University Press. p. 143. ISBN 978-0-8047-9437-4.

External links

Media related to Core Socialist Values at Wikimedia Commons

[youshan-2] "Friendship", which in the Chinese original is 友善, is more closely translated as "friendliness" or "amicability". In other words, the word normally refers to a personal attitude, not a type of interpersonal relationship.

[:0-1] Zhao, Kiki (1 September 2016). "China's 'Core Socialist Values,' the Song-and-Dance Version". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 30 July 2017. Retrieved 23 May 2020.

[:1-3] Pieke, Frank N. (28 July 2016). Knowing China. Cambridge University Press. p. 24. ISBN 978-1-107-13274-0.

[Zhao-4] Zhao, Xu (29 April 2016). Competition and Compassion in Chinese Secondary Education. Springer. ISBN 978-1-137-47941-9.

[Deepen-5] Xi Jinping, How to Deepen Reform Comprehensively, Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, 2014.

[6] Lam, Willy Wo-Lap (12 March 2015). Chinese Politics in the Era of Xi Jinping: Renaissance, Reform, or Retrogression? (1st ed.). Routledge. p. 283. doi:10.4324/9781315719368. ISBN 978-1-315-71936-8.

[7] Chen, Te-Ping (2 September 2016). "Dancing Tool: China Uses Dance to Promote 'Socialist Values'". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on 7 November 2016. Retrieved 23 May 2020.

[8] Yao, Silu (12 January 2017). "Research shows: The percentage of university students in Zhejiang that are familiar with 'Core Socialist Values' are over 97%". The Paper (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 18 August 2017. Retrieved 6 July 2017.

[9] Miller, Matthew; Zhang, Min (3 June 2017). "China's broadcast regulator, tightening control of content, promotes 'core socialist values'". Reuters. Archived from the original on 7 June 2017. Retrieved 23 May 2020.

[10] Hao, Shiyuan (30 November 2015). How the Communist Party of China Manages the Issue of Nationality: An Evolving Topic. Springer. pp. 241, 247. ISBN 978-3-662-48462-3.

[:2-11] Gow, Michael (2 January 2017). "The Core Socialist Values of the Chinese Dream: towards a Chinese integral state" (PDF). Critical Asian Studies. 49 (1): 92–116. doi:10.1080/14672715.2016.1263803. ISSN 1467-2715. S2CID 157324954.

[12] Lynch, Daniel C. (11 March 2015). China's Futures: PRC Elites Debate Economics, Politics, and Foreign Policy. Stanford University Press. p. 143. ISBN 978-0-8047-9437-4.

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@@ Line 12: / Line 12: @@
 |p = Shèhuì zhǔyì héxīn jiàzhíguān
 |w = Shê-hui chu-yi ho-hsin chia-chih-kuan
 |y = Séhkūi zyūjìh hàhtsàm gáazìhkgùn
 |poj = Siā-hōe Chú-gī hu̍t-sim kè ta̍t koan
 }}
 [[File:社会主义核心价值观.jpg|thumb|A poster in [[Dalian]] promoting the twelve Core Socialist Values.]]
 [[File:社会主義核心価値観.jpg|thumb|Giant poster listing the twelve Core Socialist Values of the [[Chinese Communist Party]] (2017).]]
 [[File:社会主义核心价值观 (cropped, 2).jpg|thumb]]
-The '''Core Socialist Values''' is a set of official interpretations of [[Socialism with Chinese characteristics|Chinese socialism]] promoted at the [[18th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party]] in 2012. The 12 values, written in 24 [[Chinese characters]],<ref name=":0">{{cite news|last=Zhao|first=Kiki|date=2016-09-01|title=China's 'Core Socialist Values,' the Song-and-Dance Version|language=en-US|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/02/world/asia/china-dance-socialist-values.html|url-status=live|access-date=2020-05-23|issn=0362-4331|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170730225524/https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/02/world/asia/china-dance-socialist-values.html|archive-date=30 July 2017}}</ref> are the national values of "[[prosperity]]", "[[democracy]]", "[[civility]]" and "[[harmony]]"; the social values of "[[freedom]]", "[[Social equality|equality]]", "[[justice]]" and the "[[rule of law]]"; and the individual values of "[[patriotism]]", "[[wikt:dedication|dedication]]", "[[integrity]]" and "[[friendship]]".{{efn|name=youshan|"Friendship", which in the Chinese original is {{lang|zh|[[wikt:友善|友善]]}}, is more closely translated as "friendliness" or "amicability". In other words, the word normally refers to a personal attitude, not a type of interpersonal relationship.}}<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Pieke|first=Frank N.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lVGJDAAAQBAJ|title=Knowing China|date=2016-07-28|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1-107-13274-0|page=24|language=en}}</ref><ref name="Zhao" />
+The '''Core Socialist Values''' is a set of official interpretations of [[Socialism with Chinese characteristics|Chinese socialism]] promoted at the [[18th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party]] in 2012. The 12 values, written in 24 [[Chinese characters]],<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|last=Zhao|first=Kiki|date=2016-09-01|title=China's 'Core Socialist Values,' the Song-and-Dance Version|language=en-US|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/02/world/asia/china-dance-socialist-values.html|url-status=live|access-date=2020-05-23|issn=0362-4331|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170730225524/https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/02/world/asia/china-dance-socialist-values.html|archive-date=30 July 2017}}</ref> are the national values of "[[prosperity]]", "[[democracy]]", "[[civility]]" and "[[harmony]]"; the social values of "[[freedom]]", "[[Social equality|equality]]", "[[justice]]" and the "[[rule of law]]"; and the individual values of "[[patriotism]]", "[[wikt:dedication|dedication]]", "[[integrity]]" and "[[friendship]]".{{efn|name=youshan|"Friendship", which in the Chinese original is {{lang|zh|[[wikt:友善|友善]]}}, is more closely translated as "friendliness" or "amicability". In other words, the word normally refers to a personal attitude, not a type of interpersonal relationship.}}<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Pieke|first=Frank N.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lVGJDAAAQBAJ|title=Knowing China|date=2016-07-28|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1-107-13274-0|page=24|language=en}}</ref><ref name="Zhao" />
 == Background ==
-In 1989, [[paramount leader]] [[Deng Xiaoping]] stated in a speech that he considered education to be the biggest reform failure of the 1980s, and in particular ideological and political education. The government had tried to effect mass campaigns to this end, but these would not ultimately be regarded as effective. The [[Death of Wang Yue]] in 2011 might be considered an instigator for a new program. In 2012, the building of a system of "Core Socialist Values" was proposed to address what was perceived as a moral crisis resulting from China's rapid economic development, which the People's Daily refers to as the "decayed, outdated ideals of mammonism and extreme individualism."<ref name=Zhao>Zhao Xu, [https://books.google.com/books?id=NRreCgAAQBAJ&pg=PT114 ''Competition and Compassion in Chinese Secondary Education''], Palgrave Macmillan, 2015 ({{ISBN|978-1-137-47941-9}}).</ref> At the 18th National Congress, Party general secretary [[Hu Jintao]] represented the [[17th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party|17th Central Committee]] and presented the content of the new [[values]] that are intended to be enshrined by the [[Chinese Communist Party]] (CCP).<ref name=":0" />
+In 1989, [[paramount leader]] [[Deng Xiaoping]] stated in a speech that he considered education to be the biggest reform failure of the 1980s, and in particular ideological and political education. The government had tried to effect mass campaigns to this end, but these would not ultimately be regarded as effective. The [[Death of Wang Yue]] in 2011 might be considered an instigator for a new program. In 2012, the building of a system of "Core Socialist Values" was proposed to address what was perceived as a moral crisis resulting from China's rapid economic development, which the People's Daily refers to as the "decayed, outdated ideals of mammonism and extreme individualism."<ref name=Zhao>{{Cite book|last=Zhao|first=Xu|url=https://books.google.com/books?id&#61;NRreCgAAQBAJ&pg&#61;PT114|title=Competition and Compassion in Chinese Secondary Education|date=2016-04-29|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-1-137-47941-9|language=en}}</ref> At the 18th National Congress, Party general secretary [[Hu Jintao]] represented the [[17th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party|17th Central Committee]] and presented the content of the new [[values]] that are intended to be enshrined by the [[Chinese Communist Party]] (CCP).<ref name=":0" />
 A quote from CCP [[General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party|general secretary]] [[Xi Jinping]] at the Eighteenth National Congress says:
@@ Line 28: / Line 28: @@
 == Program ==
-The program called for the local governments to "organize moral education campaigns", and for media organizations to "practice self-discipline". In addition, artists were asked to promote the values, while party members and state officials are expected to put these new values in practice.<ref name=Zhao/> It also called on schools to incorporate them, with the [[Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China|Ministry of Education]] issuing a document in 2014 requesting all educational institutions promote them.<ref name=Zhao/> [[Xi Jinping]] expressed in a high-level meeting that promotional campaigns for 'Core Socialist Values' should be thorough, to the extent that public support for Chinese-style socialism will be "as ubiquitous as the air".<ref>{{cite book |last=Lam |first = Willy Wo-Lap |title = Chinese Politics in the Era of Xi Jinping: Renaissance, Reform, or Retrogression? |date=2015-03-12|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-315-71936-8|edition=1st |page=283|language=en|doi=10.4324/9781315719368}}</ref> Another quote from 2014 further elaborates his position:
+The program called for the local governments to "organize moral education campaigns", and for media organizations to "practice self-discipline". In addition, artists were asked to promote the values, while party members and state officials are expected to put these new values in practice.<ref name=Zhao /> It also called on schools to incorporate them, with the [[Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China|Ministry of Education]] issuing a document in 2014 requesting all educational institutions promote them.<ref name=Zhao /> [[Xi Jinping]] expressed in a high-level meeting that promotional campaigns for 'Core Socialist Values' should be thorough, to the extent that public support for Chinese-style socialism will be "as ubiquitous as the air".<ref>{{Cite book |last=Lam |first = Willy Wo-Lap |title = Chinese Politics in the Era of Xi Jinping: Renaissance, Reform, or Retrogression? |date=2015-03-12|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-315-71936-8|edition=1st |page=283|language=en|doi=10.4324/9781315719368}}</ref> Another quote from 2014 further elaborates his position:
 {{block quote | We need to energetically foster and promote core socialist values; promptly establish a value system that fully reflects Chinese characteristics, our national identity, and the features of the times; and strive to occupy the leading position on this issue. Ethical values play a very important role among core values. Without morals, a country cannot thrive, and its people cannot stand upright. Whether or not a nation or an individual has a strong sense of identity largely depends on their morals. If our people cannot uphold the moral values that have been formed and developed on our own soil, and instead indiscriminately and blindly parrot Western moral values, then it will be necessary to genuinely question whether we will lose our independent ethos as a country and a people. Without this independent ethos, our political, intellectual, cultural and institutional independence will have the rug pulled out from under it.<ref name="Deepen" />|author=|title=|source=}}
-In 2016, [[Hunan Province]] officials responded to the campaign by organizing a series of dance routines to "spread the values" and express their support for the Communist Party.<ref>{{cite news |last=Chen|first=Te-Ping|date=September 2, 2016 |title=Dancing Tool: China Uses Dance to Promote 'Socialist Values' |newspaper=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |url=https://blogs.wsj.com/chinarealtime/2016/09/02/cdance0902/|url-status=live|access-date=May 23, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161107024117/http://blogs.wsj.com/chinarealtime/2016/09/02/cdance0902/|archive-date=7 November 2016}}</ref>
+In 2016, [[Hunan Province]] officials responded to the campaign by organizing a series of dance routines to "spread the values" and express their support for the Communist Party.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Chen|first=Te-Ping|date=September 2, 2016 |title=Dancing Tool: China Uses Dance to Promote 'Socialist Values' |newspaper=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |url=https://blogs.wsj.com/chinarealtime/2016/09/02/cdance0902/|url-status=live|access-date=May 23, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161107024117/http://blogs.wsj.com/chinarealtime/2016/09/02/cdance0902/|archive-date=7 November 2016}}</ref>
-To assess the effectiveness on how well the 'Core Socialist Values' are being promoted, a recent official survey conducted by [[Zhejiang Province]] reveals that 97.1% of the university students asked in 2016 are familiar with the subject. As for the general public, 75.2% acknowledge the importance of the subject, although only 35.7% of the respondents are familiar with the content that are being promoted by the central government.<ref>{{cite news |last=Yao|first=Silu|date=12 January 2017 |title = Research shows: The percentage of university students in Zhejiang that are familiar with 'Core Socialist Values' are over 97% |url = http://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_1598856 |newspaper = The Paper |language=zh|access-date=6 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170818152748/http://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_1598856|archive-date=18 August 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>
+To assess the effectiveness on how well the 'Core Socialist Values' are being promoted, a recent official survey conducted by [[Zhejiang Province]] reveals that 97.1% of the university students asked in 2016 are familiar with the subject. As for the general public, 75.2% acknowledge the importance of the subject, although only 35.7% of the respondents are familiar with the content that are being promoted by the central government.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Yao|first=Silu|date=12 January 2017 |title = Research shows: The percentage of university students in Zhejiang that are familiar with 'Core Socialist Values' are over 97% |url = http://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_1598856 |newspaper = The Paper |language=zh|access-date=6 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170818152748/http://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_1598856|archive-date=18 August 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>
-In June 2017, the [[State Administration of Press, Publication, Radio, Film and Television]] issued several notices that intended to further restrict [[freedom of the press]]. One of the notices, with a patriotic bent, demanded broadcasters promote core values in their programs and "forcefully oppose" content that celebrates "money worship, hedonism, radical individualism and feudal thought."<ref>{{cite news|last1=Miller|first1=Matthew|last2=Zhang|first2=Min|date=2017-06-03|title=China's broadcast regulator, tightening control of content, promotes 'core socialist values'|language=en|work=[[Reuters]]|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-regulator-broadcast-idUSKBN18U08D|url-status=live|access-date=2020-05-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170607051951/http://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-regulator-broadcast-idUSKBN18U08D|archive-date=7 June 2017}}</ref>
+In June 2017, the [[State Administration of Press, Publication, Radio, Film and Television]] issued several notices that intended to further restrict [[freedom of the press]]. One of the notices, with a patriotic bent, demanded broadcasters promote core values in their programs and "forcefully oppose" content that celebrates "money worship, hedonism, radical individualism and feudal thought."<ref>{{Cite news|last1=Miller|first1=Matthew|last2=Zhang|first2=Min|date=2017-06-03|title=China's broadcast regulator, tightening control of content, promotes 'core socialist values'|language=en|work=[[Reuters]]|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-regulator-broadcast-idUSKBN18U08D|url-status=live|access-date=2020-05-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170607051951/http://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-regulator-broadcast-idUSKBN18U08D|archive-date=7 June 2017}}</ref>
-[[File:Blank Paper Stuck on “Freedom” the Slogan Board in Xidian University as Protest, Nov 27 2022 (cropped).jpg|thumb|[[Blank piece of paper|Blank pieces of paper]] stuck to the characters "[[:wiktionary:自由|自由]]" ("Freedom"), part of the [[Core Socialist Values]], on the slogan board at [[Xidian University]], in a [[2022 COVID-19 protests in China|November 2022 protest]]|220x220px]]
+[[File:Blank Paper Stuck on “Freedom” the Slogan Board in Xidian University as Protest, Nov 27 2022 (cropped).jpg|thumb|[[Blank piece of paper|Blank pieces of paper]] stuck to the characters "[[:wiktionary:自由|自由]]" ("Freedom"), part of the Core Socialist Values, on the slogan board at [[Xidian University]], in a [[2022 COVID-19 protests in China|November 2022 protest]]|220x220px]]
-== Reception==
+== Reception ==
 Shiyuan Hao considers the program of "great significance" for a "multi-national country like China", and for the creation of both a "harmonious culture" and a "creative breeding ground" for cultural diversity.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Hao|first=Shiyuan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LfcUCwAAQBAJ|title=How the Communist Party of China Manages the Issue of Nationality: An Evolving Topic|date=2015-11-30|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-3-662-48462-3|pages=241, 247|language=en}}</ref>
-Michael Gow considers that, compelled to align its interests with the "broader interests of the Chinese people and different groups", the program for ''Core Socialist Values'' might best be analyzed as a shift from a focus on the economy to cultural power; or, if one wished to extrapolate, an attempt to cement legitimacy through the creation of a new cultural order, consent to which might be regarded as "essential for long-term social stability".<ref name=":2">{{cite journal|last=Gow|first=Michael|date=2017-01-02|title=The Core Socialist Values of the Chinese Dream: towards a Chinese integral state|journal=Critical Asian Studies|language=en|volume=49|issue=1|pages=92–116|doi=10.1080/14672715.2016.1263803|s2cid=157324954|issn=1467-2715|url=https://pure.coventry.ac.uk/ws/files/24553323/Binder2.pdf }}</ref>
+Michael Gow considers that, compelled to align its interests with the "broader interests of the Chinese people and different groups", the program for ''Core Socialist Values'' might best be analyzed as a shift from a focus on the economy to cultural power; or, if one wished to extrapolate, an attempt to cement legitimacy through the creation of a new cultural order, consent to which might be regarded as "essential for long-term social stability".<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|last=Gow|first=Michael|date=2017-01-02|title=The Core Socialist Values of the Chinese Dream: towards a Chinese integral state|journal=Critical Asian Studies|language=en|volume=49|issue=1|pages=92–116|doi=10.1080/14672715.2016.1263803|s2cid=157324954|issn=1467-2715|url=https://pure.coventry.ac.uk/ws/files/24553323/Binder2.pdf }}</ref>
-Liu Ruisheng, a researcher of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences School of Journalism, criticizes the governments attempts more generally as simply lacking the same depth of value promotion in the west, which is "concealed" in the social sciences, education, religion, and entertainment, whereas the CCP presents ideology ad hoc. He is still pro-CCP however.<ref>{{cite book|last=Lynch|first=Daniel C.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F_91BgAAQBAJ|title=China's Futures: PRC Elites Debate Economics, Politics, and Foreign Policy|date=2015-03-11|publisher=Stanford University Press|isbn=978-0-8047-9437-4|pages=143|language=en}}</ref>
+Liu Ruisheng, a researcher of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences School of Journalism, criticizes the governments attempts more generally as simply lacking the same depth of value promotion in the west, which is "concealed" in the social sciences, education, religion, and entertainment, whereas the CCP presents ideology ad hoc. He is still pro-CCP however.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Lynch|first=Daniel C.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F_91BgAAQBAJ|title=China's Futures: PRC Elites Debate Economics, Politics, and Foreign Policy|date=2015-03-11|publisher=Stanford University Press|isbn=978-0-8047-9437-4|pages=143|language=en}}</ref>
 Academic Director Frank N. Pieke refers to the values as Confucian and as otherwise lacking any specifically Socialist content,<ref name=":1" /> but then as Michael Gow points out most Chinese do share a "broadly accepted, common-sense understanding of Confucian values."<ref name=":2" />
@@ Line 80: / Line 80: @@
 == References ==
-{{notelist}}
+{{Notelist}}
 {{Reflist}}
 == Further reading ==
 {{Library resources box}}
-* {{cite book |last = Lynch |first = Daniel |title = China's futures: PRC elites debate economics, politics, and foreign policy |year = 2015 |publisher = [[Stanford University Press]] |location = Stanford, CA |isbn = 9780804792578 }}
+* {{Cite book |last = Lynch |first = Daniel |title = China's futures: PRC elites debate economics, politics, and foreign policy |year = 2015 |publisher = [[Stanford University Press]] |location = Stanford, CA |isbn = 978-0-8047-9257-8 }}
 == External links ==