Heptathlon

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Athletics
Heptathlon
Olympics 2008 - Heptathlon winners.jpg
Heptathletes at Beijing 2008
Women's records
World United States Jackie Joyner 7,291 pts (1988)
Olympic United States Jackie Joyner 7,291 pts (1988)

A heptathlon is a track and field combined events contest made up of seven events.[1] The name derives from the Greek hepta (seven) and athlon (contest).[1] A competitor in a heptathlon is referred to as a heptathlete.

There are two heptathlons – the women's heptathlon and the men's – composed of different events. The men's heptathlon is older and is held indoors, while the women's is held outdoors and was introduced in the 1980s, first appearing in the Olympics in 1984.

Contents

Women's heptathlon [edit]

Women's heptathlon is the combined event for women contested in the Athletics program of the Olympics and in the IAAF World Championships in Athletics. The IAAF World Combined Events Challenge determines a yearly women's heptathlon champion. The women's outdoor heptathlon consists of the following events, with the first four contested on the first day, and the remaining three on day two:

The heptathlon has been contested by female athletes since the early 1980s, when it replaced the pentathlon as the primary women's combined event contest (the javelin throw and 800 m were added).[citation needed] It was first contested at the Olympic level in the 1984 Summer Olympics. In recent years some women's decathlon competitions have been conducted, consisting of the same events as the men's competition in a slightly different order, and the IAAF has begun keeping records for it, but the heptathlon remains the championship-level combined event for women. Tatyana Chernova is the current World Champion, winning in Daegu in 2011. Jessica Ennis representing Great Britain, is the 2012 Olympic Gold Medallist.

There is also a Tetradecathlon, which is a double heptathlon, consisting of 14 events, seven events per day.

Point system [edit]

Event a b c
200 metres 4.99087 42.5 1.81
800 metres 0.11193 254 1.88
100 metres hurdles 9.23076 26.7 1.835
High jump 1.84523 75.0 1.348
Long jump 0.188807 210 1.41
Shot put 56.0211 1.50 1.05
Javelin throw 15.9803 3.80 1.04

The events are split into three groups, and the scores are calculated according to the three formulae:[2]

Running events (200 m, 800 m and 100 m hurdles):
P = a \cdot (b - T)^c
Jumping events (high jump and long jump):
P = a \cdot (M - b)^c
Throwing events (shot put and javelin):
P = a \cdot (D - b)^c

P is for points, T is for time in seconds, M is for height/length in centimetres and D is length in metres. a, b and c have different values for each of the events (see table).

Benchmarks [edit]

The following table shows the minimum benchmark levels required to earn 1000 points in each event of the heptathlon:

Event Required for 1000pts Units
100 m hurdles 13.85 Seconds
High jump 1.82 Metres
Shot put 17.07 Metres
200 m 23.80 Seconds
Long jump 6.48 Metres
Javelin throw 57.18 Metres
800 m 2:07.63 Seconds

All-time top 25 performers [edit]

Carolina Klüft in the Osaka World Athletics Championships 2007 women's heptathlon
  • Accurate as of January 2013
Rank Points Athlete Venue Date Ref
1. 7291  Jackie Joyner-Kersee (USA) Seoul 1988-09-24
2. 7032  Carolina Klüft (SWE) Osaka 2007-08-26
3. 7007  Larisa Nikitina (URS) Bryansk 1989-06-11
4. 6985  Sabine Braun (GER) Götzis 1992-05-31
5. 6955  Jessica Ennis (GBR) London 2012-08-04 [3]
6. 6946  Sabine Paetz (GDR) Potsdam 1984-05-06
7. 6942  Ghada Shouaa (SYR) Götzis 1996-05-26
8. 6935  Ramona Neubert (GDR) Moscow 1983-06-19
9. 6889  Eunice Barber (FRA) Arles 2005-06-05
10. 6880  Tatyana Chernova (RUS) Daegu 2011-08-30
11. 6859  Natalya Shubenkova (URS) Kiev 1984-06-21
12. 6858  Anke Behmer (GDR) Seoul 1988-09-24
13. 6847  Irina Belova (RUS) Barcelona 1992-08-02
14. 6832  Lyudmila Blonska (UKR) Osaka 2007-08-26
15. 6831  Denise Lewis (GBR) Gotzis 2000-07-30
16. 6803  Jane Frederick (USA) Talence 1984-09-16
17. 6778  Nataliya Dobrynska (UKR) Barcelona 2010-07-31
18. 6765  Yelena Prokhorova (RUS) Tula 2000-07-23
19. 6750  Ma Miaolan (CHN) Beijing 1993-09-12
20. 6741  Heike Drechsler (GER) Talence 1994-09-11
21. 6735  Hyleas Fountain (USA) Des Moines 2010-06-26
22. 6703  Tatyana Blokhina (RUS) Talence 1993-09-11
23. 6702  Chanta Beaugent (FRA) Gotzis 1988-06-19
24. 6695  Jane Flemming (AUS) Auckland 1990-01-28
25. 6683  Jennifer Oeser (GER) Barcelona 2010-07-31

Women's World records (WR) compared to Heptathlon bests (HB) [edit]

Nataliya Dobrynska in the Osaka World Athletics Championships 2007 women's heptathlon
Event WR–World record/
HB–Heptathlon best		 Athlete Record Score Difference in points scored Notes/Ref
100 m hurdles
WR Yordanka Donkova 12.21 s 1246 97.37%
HB Jessica Ennis 12.54 s 1195 −51 [4]
High jump
WR Stefka Kostadinova 2.09 m 1359 94.26%
HB Tia Hellebaut 1.97 m 1198 −161
Shot put
WR Natalya Lisovskaya 22.63 m 1378 76.49%
HB Austra Skujytė 17.31 m 1016 −362 [5]
200 m
WR Florence Griffith Joyner 21.34 s 1251 95.70%
HB Jackie Joyner Kersee 22.30 s 1150 −101
Long jump
WR Galina Chistyakova 7.52 m 1351 96.68%
HB Jackie Joyner Kersee 7.27 m 1264 −87
Javelin[note 1]
WR Barbora Spotakova 72.28 m 1295 78.80% current 1999 model
HB Barbora Spotakova 60.90 m 1072 −223 current 1999 model [6]
WR Petra Felke 80.00 m 1448 80.80% old model
HB Tessa Sanderson 64.64 m 1145 −303 old model
800 m
WR Jarmila Kratochvilova 1:53.28 1224 92.97%
HB Nadine Debois 2:01.84 1087 −137
Total World record 9104
Heptathlon bests 7982

Men's heptathlon [edit]

Heptathlon podium at the European Athletics Indoor Championships 2009 in Turin

The other version is an indoor competition, normally contested only by men. It is the men's combined event in the IAAF World Indoor Championships in Athletics. The men's indoor heptathlon consists of the following events, with the first four contested on the first day, and remaining three on day two:

The scoring is similar for both versions. In each event, the athlete scores points for his/her performance in each event according to scoring tables issued by the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF).[7] The athlete accumulating the highest number of points wins the competition.

Benchmarks [edit]

The following table shows the minimum benchmark levels required to earn 1000 points in each event of the heptathlon:

Event Required for 1000pts Units
60 m 6.68 Seconds
Long jump 7.76 Metres
Shot put 18.40 Metres
High jump 2.21 Metres
60 m hurdles 7.69 Seconds
Pole vault 5.29 Metres
1000 m 149.00 Seconds

Men's World records (WR) compared to Heptathlon bests (HB) [edit]

Event WR–World record/
HB–Heptathlon best		 Athlete Record Score Difference in points scored Ref
60 m
WR Maurice Greene 6.39 s 1111
HB Chris Huffins 6.61 s 1026 -85
Long jump
WR Mike Powell 8.95 m 1312
HB Ashton Eaton 8.16 m 1102 -166 [8]
Shot put
WR Randy Barnes 22.66 m 1266
HB Aleksey Drozdov 17.17 m 924 -342
High jump
WR Javier Sotomayor 2.43 m 1223
HB Derek Drouin 2.30 m 1091 -132 [9]
60 m hurdles
WR Colin Jackson 7.30 s 1101
HB Ashton Eaton 7.60 s 1022 -79
Pole vault
WR Sergey Bubka 6.15 m 1281
HB Alex Averbukh 5.60 m 1100 -181
1000 m
WR Wilson Kipketer 2:14.96 1172
HB Curtis Beach 2:23.63 1064 -108
Total World record 8422
Heptathlon bests 7329 -1093

Best year performance [edit]

Jessica Ennis in the Osaka World Athletics Championships 2007 women's heptathlon

Women's seasons best (outdoor) [edit]

Year Points Athlete Venue
1980 6049  Zoya Spasovkhodskaya (URS) Pyatigorsk
1981 6788  Ramona Neubert (GDR) Kiev
1982 6845  Ramona Neubert (GDR) Halle
1983 6935  Ramona Neubert (GDR) Moscow
1984 6946  Sabine Paetz (GDR) Potsdam
1985 6718  Jackie Joyner (USA) Baton Rouge
1986 7158  Jackie Joyner-Kersee (USA) Houston
1987 7128  Jackie Joyner-Kersee (USA) Rome
1988 7291  Jackie Joyner-Kersee (USA) Seoul
1989 7007  Larisa Nikitina (URS) Bryansk
1990 6783  Jackie Joyner-Kersee (USA) Seattle
1991 6878  Jackie Joyner-Kersee (USA) New York City
1992 7044  Jackie Joyner-Kersee (USA) Barcelona
1993 6837  Jackie Joyner-Kersee (USA) Stuttgart
1994 6741  Heike Drechsler (GER) Talence
1995 6715  Ghada Shouaa (SYR) Götzis
1996 6942  Ghada Shouaa (SYR) Götzis
1997 6787  Sabine Braun (GER) Ratingen
1998 6559  Denise Lewis (GBR) Budapest
1999 6861  Eunice Barber (FRA) Seville
2000 6842  Eunice Barber (FRA) Götzis
2001 6736  Eunice Barber (FRA) Götzis
2002 6542  Carolina Klüft (SWE) Munich
2003 7001  Carolina Klüft (SWE) Saint-Denis
2004 6952  Carolina Klüft (SWE) Athens
2005 6889  Eunice Barber (FRA) Arles
2006 6740  Carolina Klüft (SWE) Gothenburg
2007 7032  Carolina Klüft (SWE) Osaka
2008 6733  Nataliya Dobrynska (UKR) Beijing
2009 6731  Jessica Ennis (GBR) Berlin
2010 6823  Jessica Ennis (GBR) Barcelona
2011 6880  Tatyana Chernova (RUS) Daegu
2012 6955  Jessica Ennis (GBR) London

National records [edit]

Lyudmila Blonska in the Osaka World Athletics Championships 2007 women's heptathlon
  • As of August 2012
Points Nation Athlete Date Place Ref
7291  USA Jackie Joyner-Kersee 1988-09-24 Seoul
7032  SWE Carolina Klüft 2007-08-26 Osaka
7007  RUS Larisa Nikitina 1989-06-11 Bryansk
6985  GER Sabine Braun 1992-05-31 Götzis
6955  GBR Jessica Ennis 2012-08-04 London [10]
6942  SYR Ghada Shouaa 1996-05-26 Götzis
6889  FRA Eunice Barber 2005-06-05 Arles
6832  UKR Lyudmyla Blonska 2007-08-26 Osaka
6750  CHN Ma Miaolan 1993-09-12 Beijing
6695  AUS Jane Flemming 1990-01-28 Auckland
6658  BUL Svetla Dimitrova 1992-05-31 Götzis
6635  BLR Svetlana Buraga 1993-08-18 Stuttgart
6619  ROM Liliana Nastase 1992-08-02 Barcelona
6616  POL Małgorzata Nowak 1985-08-31 Kobe
6604  LTU Remigija Nazaroviene 1989-06-11 Bryansk
6599  CAN Jessica Zelinka 2012-06-28 Calgary [11]
6573  HUN Rita Inancsi 1994-05-29 Götzis
6527  JAM Diane Guthrie-Gresham 1995-06-03 Knoxville
6423  GHA Margaret Simpson 2005-05-29 Götzis
6423  NED Karin Ruckstuhl 2006-08-08 Gothenburg
6416  SLE Eunice Barber 1996-09-15 Talence
6404  FIN Satu Ruotsalainen 1991-08-27 Tokyo
6396  LAT Aiga Grabuste 2009-07-19 Kaunas
6392  ALG Yasmina Azzizi 1991-08-27 Tokyo
6371  URS Vera Yurchenko 1987-09-20 Lvov
6352  CUB Magalys García 1996-06-23 Havana
6283  CZE Eliška Klučinová 2012-06-10 Kladno [12]
6278  NZL Joanne Henry 1992-03-01 Auckland
6265  SUI Corinne Schneider 1985-06-16 Zug
6235  GRE Aryiro Strataki 2006-05-28 Götzis
6230  POR Naide Gomes 2005-07-17 Logroño
6226  NOR Ida Marcusen 2007-08-26 Osaka
6215  EST Larissa Netšeporuk 2003-07-06 Tallinn
6211  IND Javur Jagadeeshappa Shobha 2004-03-17 New Delhi
6201  BEL Tia Hellebaut 2006-06-03 Götzis
6185  ITA Gertrud Bacher 1999-05-09 Desenzano del Garda
6160  BRA Lucimara da Silva 2012-06-10 Barquisimeto [13]
6031  ISR Svetlana Gnezdilov 2003-08-13 Tel Aviv
5962  JPN Yuki Nakata 2004-06-05 Tottori
5959  AUT Ivona Dadic 2012-05-27 Götzis [14]
5860  ESP María Peinado 2002-07-14 Castellón [15]
 ESP Laura Ginés 2012-07-03 Barcelona [16]
5646  LCA Makeba Alcide 2011-05-13 Athens [17]
5622  VEN Thaimara Rivas 2003-06-21
2012-06-10		 Barquisimeto
[18]
5479  PAR Ana Camila Pirelli 2012-06-10 Barquisimeto [19]
5442  IRE Kelly Proper 2–3 May 2013 Florence [20]
5346  PHI Elma Muros-Posadas 1998-12-14 Bangkok
5175  MAS Zaiton Othman 1981-12-11 Manila
4983  BEN Odile Ahouanwanou 2012-06-30 Porto-Novo

See also [edit]

Other multiple event contests [edit]

Notes [edit]

  1. ^ Women's javelin was redesigned in 1999 and all records started fresh. Point allocation for Heptathlon remained the same, but the comparison is being made between the WR and Heptathlon best of the current model.

References [edit]

  1. ^ a b Heptathlon - Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary
  2. ^ "IAAF Scoring Tables for Combined Events". IAAF. April 2004. p. 15. Retrieved 5 August 2012. 
  3. ^ "Women's Heptathlon Results". www.london2012.com. 4 August 2012. Retrieved 4 August 2012. 
  4. ^ "Women's Heptathlon 100 Metres Hurdles Results". IAAF. 3 August 2012. Retrieved 5 August 2012. 
  5. ^ "Women's Heptathlon Shot Put Results". IAAF. 3 August 2012. Retrieved 6 August 2012. 
  6. ^ Hans van Kuijen (16 September 2012). "Van Alphen and Yosypenko prevail in Talence - IAAF Combined Events Challenge". IAAF. Retrieved 18 September 2012. 
  7. ^ http://www.iaaf.org/mm/Document/Competitions/TechnicalArea/ScoringTables_CE_744.pdf
  8. ^ "Long Jump Results". IAAF. 9 March 2012. Retrieved 9 March 2012. 
  9. ^ Krajewski, Casey (22 February 2013). "Drouin Jumps to World Record in Heptathlon". Indiana Daily Student. Retrieved 22 February 2013. 
  10. ^ "Women's Heptathlon Results". www.london2012.com. 4 August 2012. Retrieved 4 August 2012. 
  11. ^ "London Olympics: Jessica Zelinka breaks Canadian heptathlon record at trials". Toronto Star. 28 June 2012. Retrieved 29 June 2012. 
  12. ^ "TNT - Fortuna Meeting 2012 Women Results". IAAF. 10 June 2012. Retrieved 11 June 2012. 
  13. ^ Eduardo Biscayart (11 June 2012). "Two South American records fall as Ibero-American champs conclude in Barquisimeto". IAAF. Retrieved 11 June 2012. 
  14. ^ "Hypo-Meeting 2012 Women's Results". IAAF. 27 May 2012. Retrieved 27 May 2012. 
  15. ^ "AIRE LIBRE - Récords de España Absolutos - MUJERES". 2013-05-04. Retrieved 2013-05-04. 
  16. ^ "AIRE LIBRE - Récords de España Absolutos - MUJERES". 2013-05-04. Retrieved 2013-05-04. 
  17. ^ "Heptathlon Results". www.flashresults.com. 2011-05-13. Retrieved 2011-05-18. 
  18. ^ Gómez Chirinos, Ricardo (4 June 2010). "Milangela Rosales rompió record nacional en los 10 mil metros marcha.." (in Spanish). www.feveatletismo.org. Retrieved 17 July 2010. 
  19. ^ "Heptathlon Results". CONSUDATLE. 10 June 2012. Retrieved 11 June 2012. 
  20. ^ "Proper Breaks Irish Heptathlon Record". Athletics Ireland. 3 May 2013. Retrieved 5 May 2013. 

External links [edit]
Pentathlon
Heptathlon
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