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{{short description|Former software company based in California}} |
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:''[[Iktomi]] is a [[spider]]-[[trickster]] [[deity|god]] in [[Lakota mythology]].'' |
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{{about|the former corporation|other uses|Inktomi (disambiguation)}} |
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{{Infobox company |
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| name = Inktomi Corporation |
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| logo = Inktomi logo.svg |
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| foundation = {{start date and age|1996|1|}}<ref name=formed>{{cite news | url=https://tech-insider.org/internet/research/1996/0520.html | title=Inktomi Corporation Formed by UC Berkeley Scientists to Bring Parallel Processing Power to Commercial Internet Applications | work=[[Business Insider]] | date=May 20, 1996}}</ref> |
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| founder = [[Eric Brewer (computer scientist)|Eric Brewer]]<ref name=formed>{{cite news | url=https://tech-insider.org/internet/research/1996/0520.html | title=Inktomi Corporation Formed by UC Berkeley Scientists to Bring Parallel Processing Power to Commercial Internet Applications | work=[[Business Insider]] | date=May 20, 1996}}</ref><br>Paul Gauthier<ref name=formed>{{cite news | url=https://tech-insider.org/internet/research/1996/0520.html | title=Inktomi Corporation Formed by UC Berkeley Scientists to Bring Parallel Processing Power to Commercial Internet Applications | work=[[Business Insider]] | date=May 20, 1996}}</ref> |
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| key_people = David C. Peterschmidt<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB920925434912378000 | title=Inktomi CEO Looks to Sell 'Arms' To Range of ISPs and Portal Sites | first=Joelle | last=Tessler | work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] | date=March 8, 1999 | url-access=subscription}}</ref><br>{{small|([[Chairman]] & [[CEO]])}} |
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| location = [[Foster City, California]]<ref name=formed>{{cite news | url=https://tech-insider.org/internet/research/1996/0520.html | title=Inktomi Corporation Formed by UC Berkeley Scientists to Bring Parallel Processing Power to Commercial Internet Applications | work=[[Business Insider]] | date=May 20, 1996}}</ref> |
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| fate = Acquired by [[Yahoo!]] |
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| revenue = {{decrease}} $112 million (2002) |
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| net_income = {{decrease}} -$500 million (2002) |
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| assets = {{decrease}} $145 million (2002) |
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| equity = {{decrease}} $46 million (2002) |
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| num_employees = 200 (November 2002) |
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| footnotes = <ref name=10K>{{cite web | url=https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1024302/000089161802005695/f86734e10vk.htm | title=Inktomi Corporation 2002 Form 10-K Annual Report | publisher=[[U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission]]}}</ref> |
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}} |
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'''Inktomi Corporation''' was a company that provided [[software]] for [[Internet service provider]]s (ISPs). It was incorporated in [[Delaware]] and headquartered in [[Foster City, California]], United States. Customers included [[Microsoft]], [[HotBot]], [[Amazon.com]], [[eBay]], and [[Walmart]].<ref name=10K/> |
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The company developed [[Traffic Server]], a [[proxy server]] [[web cache]] for [[World Wide Web]] traffic and on-demand [[streaming media]] which [[Transcoding|transcoded]] images down to a smaller size for users of [[dial-up Internet access]]. Traffic Server was deployed by several large ISPs including [[AOL]].<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/04/17/business/technology-2-companies-take-separate-paths-to-speed-delivery-of-web-pages.html | title=2 Companies Take Separate Paths To Speed Delivery of Web Pages | first=LAWRENCE M. | last=FISHER | work=[[The New York Times]] | date=April 17, 2000}}</ref> |
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'''Inktomi Corporation''' was a [[California]]n company that provided [[software]] for [[Internet Service Provider]]s, which was founded in [[1996]] by [[UC Berkeley]] professor [[Eric Brewer (Inktomi)|Eric Brewer]] and graduate student [[Paul Gauthier (Inktomi)|Paul Gauthier]]. The company was initially founded based on the real-world success of the [[search engine]] they developed at the university. |
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In 2003, after the bursting of the [[dot-com bubble]], the company was acquired by [[Yahoo!]] for $241 million. |
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Their software was incorporated in the widely-used [[HotBot]] search engine, which displaced [[AltaVista]] as the leading [[web-crawler]]-based search engine, and which was in turn was displaced by [[Google]]. In a talk given to a [http://www.sims.berkeley.edu/courses/is141/f05/ UC Berkeley seminar on Search Engines] in October 2005, Eric Brewer credited much of the AltaVista displacement to technical differences of scale (Inktomi used distributed network technology, while AltaVista ran everything on a single machine). |
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The company's name, pronounced "INK-tuh-me", was derived from a [[Lakota people|Lakota]] legend about the trickster spider [[Iktomi]], known for his ability to outsmart larger adversaries.<ref name=formed/> The tri-color nested cube logo was created by Tom Lamar in 1996. |
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The company went on to develop [[Traffic Server]], a proxy cache for web traffic and on-demand streaming media. Traffic Server found a limited marketplace due to several factors, but was deployed by several large service providers including [[AOL]]. In November 1999 Inktomi acquired Webspective; in August 2000 Inktomi acquired Infoseek from Disney's go.com; in September, 2000, Inktomi acquired FastForward Networks; in December 2000, Inktomi acquired the Content Bridge Business Unit from Adero, a content delivery network, which had formed the Content Bridge Alliance with Inktomi, AOL and a number of other ISPs, hosting providers and IP transport providers; and in June 2001 Inktomi acquired eScene Networks. Webspective developed technology for synchronizing and managing content across a host of distributed servers to be used in clustered or distributed load-balancing. Fast Forward developed software for the distribution of live streaming media over the Internet using "app-level" multicast technology. eScene Networks developed software that provided an integrated workflow for the management and publishing of video content (now owned by [[Media Publisher|Media Publisher, Inc.]]). With this combination of technologies, Inktomi became an "arms merchant" to a growing number of [[Content Delivery Network]] (CDN) service providers. |
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==History== |
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In earlier acquisitions Inktomi acquired C2B and Impulse Buy Networks, both companies which had pioneered the comparison shopping space and that had pioneered the performance based marketing market. With over 4 million products in registered in the service in 98, and serving millions of merchandise product offers daily across 20,000 websites including Yahoo!, MSN, and AOL shopping. Merchants paid a percentage of sales and or a cost per click for traffic sent to their websites, ultimately this model became known as Pay Per Click and was perfected by Google and Overture. |
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Inktomi was founded in January 1996 by [[University of California, Berkeley]] professor [[Eric Brewer (computer scientist)|Eric Brewer]] and graduate student Paul Gauthier at the University of California, Berkeley. The company was initially founded based on the [[web search engine]] that was developed at the university.<ref name=formed>{{cite news | url=https://tech-insider.org/internet/research/1996/0520.html | title=Inktomi Corporation Formed by UC Berkeley Scientists to Bring Parallel Processing Power to Commercial Internet Applications | work=[[Business Insider]] | date=May 20, 1996}}</ref> [[HotBot]] was the first search engine that made use of Inktomi's search technology.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://apnews.com/74cd8f724bb07c1eafe95edef18ab8d5|title=New Search Tool Hits the Web|website=[[Associated Press]]}}</ref> |
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=== 1998 to 1999 === |
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With the financial collapse of the service provider industry and overall burst of the Internet "bubble", Inktomi lost most of its customer base and ultimately was acquired by [[Yahoo!]] in 2002. In a separate transaction, the Infoseek product (renamed Inktomi Enterprise Search) was sold to competitor [[Verity Inc]] in late 2002. |
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In June 1998, the company raised $36 million in an [[initial public offering]].<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB897492389745278500 | title=Inktomi's Shares Double In a Sizzling Street Debut | first=Scott | last=Thurm | work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] | date=June 11, 1998 | url-access=subscription}}</ref> Its success in making HotBot the top rated search engine led to Microsoft, Yahoo! and Disney all partnering with Inktomi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/128974.stm|title = BBC News | the Company File | Inktomi searches for Net profits in Europe}}</ref> |
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==Executives== |
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Steve Hill was the VP of europe for inktomi before its sale to Yahoo! |
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Dave Peterschmidt was Inktomi's CEO from 1996 until its sale to Yahoo! |
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In September 1998, the company acquired C2B Technologies for $95 million in stock, adding shopping engine technology to its portfolio.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1998-sep-02-fi-18677-story.html | title=Inktomi to Buy C2B for E-Commerce Boost | newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]] | agency=[[Bloomberg News]] | date=September 2, 1998 | url-access=subscription}}</ref> |
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==See Also== |
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* [[Yahoo! Search]] |
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In November 1998, the company raised additional capital at a 688% premium to its IPO price five months earlier.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB911186098813111500 | title=Inktomi Returns to Market With a Follow-On Offering | first=Dunstan | last=Prial | work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] | date=November 16, 1998 | url-access=subscription}}</ref> |
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==Search Engine Charts== |
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*[http://www.bruceclay.com/searchenginerelationshipchart.htm Bruce Clay, INC's Search Engine Relationship Chart ®] |
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*[http://www.ihelpyou.com/search-engine-chart.html ihelpyou, INC's Search Engine Partnership Chart] |
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In March 1999, CEO David Peterschmidt said that Inktomi would become an "arms merchant" to a growing number of [[content delivery network]] service providers.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB920925434912378000 | title=Inktomi CEO Looks to Sell 'Arms' To Range of ISPs and Portal Sites | first=Joelle | last=Tessler | work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] | date=March 8, 1999 | url-access=subscription}}</ref> Inktomi received revenue based on a percentage of sales and/or a [[pay per click]] model. |
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In April 1999, the company acquired Impulse Buy Network, adding 400 merchants to its shopping engine.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.forbes.com/1999/04/22/mu6.html | title=Inktomi acquires Impulse! Buy Network | first=Penelope | last=Patsuris | work=[[Forbes]] | date=April 22, 1999}}</ref> |
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In November 1999, the company acquired Webspective, which developed technology for [[content management]] across a host of distributed servers to be used in [[Load balancing (computing)|load balancing]], for $106 million in stock.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/1999/09/17/business/company-news-inktomi-to-buy-webspective-software-for-106-million.html | title=INKTOMI TO BUY WEBSPECTIVE SOFTWARE FOR $106 MILLION | newspaper=[[The New York Times]] | agency=[[Reuters]] | date=September 17, 1999}}</ref> |
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=== 21st century === |
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In March 2000, the company's stock peaked at a price of $241 per share.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2000-sep-05-fi-15567-story.html | title=Inktomi Investors Trapped by High Values; Fannie Mae for Near Term |last1=PELTZ |first1=JAMES | date=September 5, 2000|work=[[Los Angeles Times]] | last2=HILTZIK | first2=MICHAEL | url-access=subscription}}</ref> |
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In August 2000, the company acquired Ultraseek Server from [[The Walt Disney Company]]'s [[Go.com]].<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/06/09/business/company-news-gocom-is-selling-ultraseek-to-inktomi-for-344-million.html | title=GO.COM IS SELLING ULTRASEEK TO INKTOMI FOR $344 MILLION | work=[[The New York Times]] | date=June 9, 2000}}</ref> |
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In September 2000, the company acquired FastForward Networks, which developed software for the distribution of live streaming media over the Internet using "app-level" multicast technology, for $1.3 billion in stock.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://money.cnn.com/2000/09/13/deals/inktomi/index.htm | title=Inktomi buys FastForward | work=[[CNN]] | date=September 13, 2000}}</ref> |
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In December 2000, the company acquired the Content Bridge Business Unit from Adero, a content delivery network, which had formed the Content Bridge Alliance with Inktomi and other ISPs, hosting providers and IP transport providers in August 2000.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/08/24/business/technology-briefing-internet-inktomi-aol-and-adero-form-alliance.html | title=INKTOMI, AOL AND ADERO FORM ALLIANCE | work=[[The New York Times]] | date=August 24, 2000}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.itworld.com/article/2801426/adero-to-private-label-content-services.html | title=Adero to private-label content services | work=[[International Data Group]] | date=January 15, 2001}}</ref> |
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An article written by [[Danny Sullivan (technologist)|Danny Sullivan]] for [[Search Engine Watch]] on October 1, 2001, revealed that Inktomi accidentally allowed the public to access its database of spam websites, which contained over one million of such sites, through a search result on competing search engine [[AlltheWeb|AllTheWeb]].<ref name="internetseh">{{cite web|url=http://www.wordstream.com/articles/internet-search-engines-history|title=History of Search Engines - Chronological List of Internet Search Engines|access-date=February 3, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.searchenginehistory.com/|title=Search Engine History.com|website=www.searchenginehistory.com|access-date=2019-05-20}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://searchenginewatch.com/article/2066745/Inktomi-Spam-Database-Left-Open-To-Public|title=Inktomi Spam Database Left Open To Public|last=Sullivan|first=Danny|date=October 1, 2001|website=[[Search Engine Watch]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140410121615/http://searchenginewatch.com/article/2066745/Inktomi-Spam-Database-Left-Open-To-Public|archive-date=April 10, 2014|url-status=dead|access-date=May 20, 2019}}</ref> The database was found by Brett Tabke, who ran the Search Engine World website.<ref name=":0" /> |
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In July 2001, the company acquired eScene Networks, which developed software that provided an integrated workflow for the management and publishing of video content.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.computerworld.com.au/article/43569/inktomi_acquires_escene_networks/ | title=Inktomi acquires eScene Networks | first=April | last=Jacobs | work=[[Computerworld]] | date=July 19, 2001}}</ref> |
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In 2002, after the burst of the [[dot-com bubble]], the company was restructured by Keyur Patel who joined Inktomi as investor, and senior vice president, strategy, marketing and technology.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1024302/000089161803000280/f86734a1e10vkza.htm | title=inktomi FORM 10-K/A For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2002 | date=August 5, 2003}}</ref> |
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His restructuring led to the sale of the Ultraseek Server product (renamed Inktomi Enterprise Search) to Verity in late 2002 and the sale of the rest of the company to [[Yahoo!]]'s [[Yahoo! Search]] for $1.63 per share, or $241 million, completed on March 19, 2003.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://usatoday30.usatoday.com/money/industries/technology/2002-12-23-yahoo-inktomi_x.htm | title=Yahoo to buy search-software maker Inktomi | work=[[USA Today]] | date=December 23, 2002}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20030319005624/en/Yahoo%21-Inktomi-Announce-Completion-Acquisition-Inktomi-Wholly-Owned | title=Yahoo and Inktomi Announce Completion of Acquisition | work=[[Business Wire]] | date= 4 May 2020}}</ref> |
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In 2006, the technology behind the Inktomi Proxy Server was acquired by [[Websense]], which was modified and included in the Websense Security Gateway. |
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In 2009, Yahoo! donated the Traffic Server technology to the [[Apache Software Foundation]].<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.networkworld.com/article/779667/cloud-computing-yahoo-donates-traffic-server-to-apache.html | title=Inktomi Investors Trapped by High Values; Fannie Mae for Near Term | first=Paul | last=Krill | work=[[International Data Group]] | date=November 3, 2009}}</ref> |
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==References== |
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{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}} |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E91oEn1bnXM Inktomi's Wild Ride - A Personal View of the Internet Bubble] |
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*[http://www.yahoo.com Yahoo!] |
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{{Web search engines}} |
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[[pl:Inktomi]] |
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{{Dot-com Bubble}} |
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[[Category:1996 establishments in California]] |
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[[Category:1998 initial public offerings]] |
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[[Category:2003 disestablishments in California]] |
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[[Category:Companies established in 1996]] |
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[[Category:Companies disestablished in 2003]] |
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[[Category:Defunct software companies of the United States]] |
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[[Category:Discontinued Yahoo! services]] |
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[[Category:Dot-com bubble]] |
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[[Category:2003 mergers and acquisitions]] |
Revision as of 19:57, 26 April 2024
![]() | |
Founded | January 1996[1] |
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Founder | Eric Brewer[1] Paul Gauthier[1] |
Fate | Acquired by Yahoo! |
Headquarters | Foster City, California[1] |
Key people | David C. Peterschmidt[2] (Chairman & CEO) |
Revenue | ![]() |
![]() | |
Total assets | ![]() |
Total equity | ![]() |
Number of employees | 200 (November 2002) |
Footnotes / references [3] |
Inktomi Corporation was a company that provided software for Internet service providers (ISPs). It was incorporated in Delaware and headquartered in Foster City, California, United States. Customers included Microsoft, HotBot, Amazon.com, eBay, and Walmart.[3]
The company developed Traffic Server, a proxy server web cache for World Wide Web traffic and on-demand streaming media which transcoded images down to a smaller size for users of dial-up Internet access. Traffic Server was deployed by several large ISPs including AOL.[4]
In 2003, after the bursting of the dot-com bubble, the company was acquired by Yahoo! for $241 million.
The company's name, pronounced "INK-tuh-me", was derived from a Lakota legend about the trickster spider Iktomi, known for his ability to outsmart larger adversaries.[1] The tri-color nested cube logo was created by Tom Lamar in 1996.
History
Inktomi was founded in January 1996 by University of California, Berkeley professor Eric Brewer and graduate student Paul Gauthier at the University of California, Berkeley. The company was initially founded based on the web search engine that was developed at the university.[1] HotBot was the first search engine that made use of Inktomi's search technology.[5]
1998 to 1999
In June 1998, the company raised $36 million in an initial public offering.[6] Its success in making HotBot the top rated search engine led to Microsoft, Yahoo! and Disney all partnering with Inktomi.[7]
In September 1998, the company acquired C2B Technologies for $95 million in stock, adding shopping engine technology to its portfolio.[8]
In November 1998, the company raised additional capital at a 688% premium to its IPO price five months earlier.[9]
In March 1999, CEO David Peterschmidt said that Inktomi would become an "arms merchant" to a growing number of content delivery network service providers.[10] Inktomi received revenue based on a percentage of sales and/or a pay per click model.
In April 1999, the company acquired Impulse Buy Network, adding 400 merchants to its shopping engine.[11]
In November 1999, the company acquired Webspective, which developed technology for content management across a host of distributed servers to be used in load balancing, for $106 million in stock.[12]
21st century
In March 2000, the company's stock peaked at a price of $241 per share.[13]
In August 2000, the company acquired Ultraseek Server from The Walt Disney Company's Go.com.[14]
In September 2000, the company acquired FastForward Networks, which developed software for the distribution of live streaming media over the Internet using "app-level" multicast technology, for $1.3 billion in stock.[15]
In December 2000, the company acquired the Content Bridge Business Unit from Adero, a content delivery network, which had formed the Content Bridge Alliance with Inktomi and other ISPs, hosting providers and IP transport providers in August 2000.[16][17]
An article written by Danny Sullivan for Search Engine Watch on October 1, 2001, revealed that Inktomi accidentally allowed the public to access its database of spam websites, which contained over one million of such sites, through a search result on competing search engine AllTheWeb.[18][19][20] The database was found by Brett Tabke, who ran the Search Engine World website.[20]
In July 2001, the company acquired eScene Networks, which developed software that provided an integrated workflow for the management and publishing of video content.[21]
In 2002, after the burst of the dot-com bubble, the company was restructured by Keyur Patel who joined Inktomi as investor, and senior vice president, strategy, marketing and technology.[22]
His restructuring led to the sale of the Ultraseek Server product (renamed Inktomi Enterprise Search) to Verity in late 2002 and the sale of the rest of the company to Yahoo!'s Yahoo! Search for $1.63 per share, or $241 million, completed on March 19, 2003.[23][24]
In 2006, the technology behind the Inktomi Proxy Server was acquired by Websense, which was modified and included in the Websense Security Gateway.
In 2009, Yahoo! donated the Traffic Server technology to the Apache Software Foundation.[25]
References
- ^ a b c d e f "Inktomi Corporation Formed by UC Berkeley Scientists to Bring Parallel Processing Power to Commercial Internet Applications". Business Insider. May 20, 1996.
- ^ Tessler, Joelle (March 8, 1999). "Inktomi CEO Looks to Sell 'Arms' To Range of ISPs and Portal Sites". The Wall Street Journal.
- ^ a b "Inktomi Corporation 2002 Form 10-K Annual Report". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
- ^ FISHER, LAWRENCE M. (April 17, 2000). "2 Companies Take Separate Paths To Speed Delivery of Web Pages". The New York Times.
- ^ "New Search Tool Hits the Web". Associated Press.
- ^ Thurm, Scott (June 11, 1998). "Inktomi's Shares Double In a Sizzling Street Debut". The Wall Street Journal.
- ^ "BBC News | the Company File | Inktomi searches for Net profits in Europe".
- ^ "Inktomi to Buy C2B for E-Commerce Boost". Los Angeles Times. Bloomberg News. September 2, 1998.
- ^ Prial, Dunstan (November 16, 1998). "Inktomi Returns to Market With a Follow-On Offering". The Wall Street Journal.
- ^ Tessler, Joelle (March 8, 1999). "Inktomi CEO Looks to Sell 'Arms' To Range of ISPs and Portal Sites". The Wall Street Journal.
- ^ Patsuris, Penelope (April 22, 1999). "Inktomi acquires Impulse! Buy Network". Forbes.
- ^ "INKTOMI TO BUY WEBSPECTIVE SOFTWARE FOR $106 MILLION". The New York Times. Reuters. September 17, 1999.
- ^ PELTZ, JAMES; HILTZIK, MICHAEL (September 5, 2000). "Inktomi Investors Trapped by High Values; Fannie Mae for Near Term". Los Angeles Times.
- ^ "GO.COM IS SELLING ULTRASEEK TO INKTOMI FOR $344 MILLION". The New York Times. June 9, 2000.
- ^ "Inktomi buys FastForward". CNN. September 13, 2000.
- ^ "INKTOMI, AOL AND ADERO FORM ALLIANCE". The New York Times. August 24, 2000.
- ^ "Adero to private-label content services". International Data Group. January 15, 2001.
- ^ "History of Search Engines - Chronological List of Internet Search Engines". Retrieved February 3, 2014.
- ^ "Search Engine History.com". www.searchenginehistory.com. Retrieved 2019-05-20.
- ^ a b Sullivan, Danny (October 1, 2001). "Inktomi Spam Database Left Open To Public". Search Engine Watch. Archived from the original on April 10, 2014. Retrieved May 20, 2019.
- ^ Jacobs, April (July 19, 2001). "Inktomi acquires eScene Networks". Computerworld.
- ^ "inktomi FORM 10-K/A For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2002". August 5, 2003.
- ^ "Yahoo to buy search-software maker Inktomi". USA Today. December 23, 2002.
- ^ "Yahoo and Inktomi Announce Completion of Acquisition". Business Wire. 4 May 2020.
- ^ Krill, Paul (November 3, 2009). "Inktomi Investors Trapped by High Values; Fannie Mae for Near Term". International Data Group.
External links
- 1996 establishments in California
- 1998 initial public offerings
- 2003 disestablishments in California
- Companies established in 1996
- Companies disestablished in 2003
- Defunct software companies of the United States
- Discontinued Yahoo! services
- Dot-com bubble
- Defunct internet search engines
- Yahoo! acquisitions
- 2003 mergers and acquisitions