List of tallest structures in Tokyo: Difference between revisions
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[[Image:Skyscrapers Shinjuku 2007 rev.jpg|thumb|350px|The [[skyscrapers]] of [[Shinjuku, Tokyo|Shinjuku]]'s [[Nishi-Shinjuku]] district in [[Tokyo]].]] |
[[Image:Skyscrapers Shinjuku 2007 rev.jpg|thumb|350px|The [[skyscrapers]] of [[Shinjuku, Tokyo|Shinjuku]]'s [[Nishi-Shinjuku]] district in [[Tokyo]].]] |
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[[Tokyo]] is the most populated of [[Japan]]'s 47 sub-national [[Prefectures of Japan|prefectures]]. In Tokyo, there are 35 buildings and structures that stand taller than 180 metres (591 ft). The tallest structure in |
[[Tokyo]] is the most populated of [[Japan]]'s 47 sub-national [[Prefectures of Japan|prefectures]]. In Tokyo, there are 35 buildings and structures that stand taller than 180 metres (591 ft). The tallest structure in Tokyo is [[Tokyo Tower]], a [[lattice tower]] that rises 333 metres (1,091 ft), which was completed in 1958.<ref name="TT SCP"/><ref name="Tokyo diagram">{{cite web |url=http://skyscraperpage.com/diagrams/?searchID=41452541 |title="Diagram of completed Tokyo skyscrapers and towers |accessdate=2009-01-23 |publisher=Skyscraperpage.com}}</ref> It also stands as the [[List of tallest buildings and structures in Japan|tallest structure in Japan]] and the tallest free-standing steel structure in the world.<ref name="Japan diagram">{{cite web|url=http://skyscraperpage.com/diagrams/?searchID=41452570 |title=Diagram of completed Japanese skyscrapers and towers |accessdate=2009-01-23|publisher=Skyscraperpage.com}}</ref><ref name="TT SCP"/> The tallest building and second-tallest overall structure in Tokyo is the 248-metre-tall (814 ft) [[Midtown Tower]], which was completed in 2007.<ref name="Tokyo diagram"/><ref name="MTT SCP"/> The Tokyo's second tallest building is the [[Tokyo Metropolitan Government Building]], which rises 48 stories and 243 metres (797 ft) in height.<ref name="TMGB SCP"/> Overall, of the 25 tallest buildings and structures in Japan, 18 are in Tokyo.<ref name="Japan diagram"/> |
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Skyscrapers are a relatively recent phenomenon in Japan. Due to aesthetic and engineering concerns,<ref name="KB EMP">{{cite web |url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/598501/Tokyo-Yokohama-metropolitan-area/39116/Layout#ref=ref424225 |title=Tokyo-Yokohama Metropolitan Area |accessdate=2009-01-23 |work=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]}}</ref> Japan's Building Standard Law set an absolute height limit of 31 metres until 1963, when the limit was abolished in favor of a [[Floor Area Ratio]] limit.<ref name="Architecture of Tokyo">{{cite book |last=Wantanabe |first=Hiroshi |title=The Architecture of Tokyo |publisher=Edition Axel Menges |year=2001 |isbn= 3-9306-9893-5 |page=119}}</ref> Following these changes in building regulations, the [[Kasumigaseki Building]] was constructed and completed in 1968. Double the height of Japan's previous tallest building—the 17-story [[Hotel New Otani]] Tokyo—the Kasumigaseki Building is regarded as Japan's first modern high-rise building, rising 36 stories and 156 metres (512 ft) in height.<ref name="HNO SCP"/><ref name="KB EMP">{{cite web |url=http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=kasumigasekibuilding-tokyo-japan |title=Kasumigaseki Building |accessdate=2009-01-23 |publisher=Emporis.com}}</ref> A booming [[Japanese post-war economic miracle|post-war Japanese economy]] and the hosting of the [[1964 Summer Olympics]] helped lead to a building boom in Tokyo during the 1960s and 70s. Construction continued through the 1980s and 90s as the [[Japanese asset price bubble]] rose and fell.<ref name="metropolis">{{cite web |url=http://metropolis.co.jp/tokyo/469/feature.asp |title=Tokyo story |accessdate=2009-01-23 |work=[[Metropolis (magazine)|Metropolis]]}}</ref> Tokyo is divided into two sections: [[Western Tokyo]] and the [[special wards of Tokyo]]. All of the |
Skyscrapers are a relatively recent phenomenon in Japan. Due to aesthetic and engineering concerns,<ref name="KB EMP">{{cite web |url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/598501/Tokyo-Yokohama-metropolitan-area/39116/Layout#ref=ref424225 |title=Tokyo-Yokohama Metropolitan Area |accessdate=2009-01-23 |work=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]}}</ref> Japan's Building Standard Law set an absolute height limit of 31 metres until 1963, when the limit was abolished in favor of a [[Floor Area Ratio]] limit.<ref name="Architecture of Tokyo">{{cite book |last=Wantanabe |first=Hiroshi |title=The Architecture of Tokyo |publisher=Edition Axel Menges |year=2001 |isbn= 3-9306-9893-5 |page=119}}</ref> Following these changes in building regulations, the [[Kasumigaseki Building]] was constructed and completed in 1968. Double the height of Japan's previous tallest building—the 17-story [[Hotel New Otani]] Tokyo—the Kasumigaseki Building is regarded as Japan's first modern high-rise building, rising 36 stories and 156 metres (512 ft) in height.<ref name="HNO SCP"/><ref name="KB EMP">{{cite web |url=http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=kasumigasekibuilding-tokyo-japan |title=Kasumigaseki Building |accessdate=2009-01-23 |publisher=Emporis.com}}</ref> A booming [[Japanese post-war economic miracle|post-war Japanese economy]] and the hosting of the [[1964 Summer Olympics]] helped lead to a building boom in Tokyo during the 1960s and 70s. Construction continued through the 1980s and 90s as the [[Japanese asset price bubble]] rose and fell.<ref name="metropolis">{{cite web |url=http://metropolis.co.jp/tokyo/469/feature.asp |title=Tokyo story |accessdate=2009-01-23 |work=[[Metropolis (magazine)|Metropolis]]}}</ref> Tokyo is divided into two sections: [[Western Tokyo]] and the [[special wards of Tokyo]]. All of the Tokyo's tallest buildings are within the 23 special wards, which comprise the area formerly incorporated as [[Tokyo City]]. [[Nishi-Shinjuku]], a district within [[Shinjuku, Tokyo|Shinjuku]] ward, was the Tokyo's first major skyscraper development area. Starting with the construction of the Keio Plaza Hotel in the 1971, the district is now home to 11 of Tokyo's 33 tallest skyscrapers.<ref name="Nishi">{{cite web |url=http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/zo/?id=100311 |title=Shinjuku Skyscraper District, Tokyo |accessdate=2009-01-23 |publisher=Emporis.com}}</ref> |
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Tokyo has been the site of many skyscraper construction projects in recent years. Since 2000, 20 buildings rising higher than 180 metres (591 ft) have been completed. As of January 2009, three such buildings are under construction in |
Tokyo has been the site of many skyscraper construction projects in recent years. Since 2000, 20 buildings rising higher than 180 metres (591 ft) have been completed. As of January 2009, three such buildings are under construction in Tokyo. Several other construction projects planned to exceed the height of 180 metres are proposed for the near future. A 610-metre-tall (2,003 ft) tower, known as the [[Tokyo Sky Tree]], is also under construction. When completed, the structure's height will surpass Tokyo Tower's by 277 metres (909 ft), making it the tallest free-standing structure in Tokyo and Japan.<ref name="Japan diagram + construction">{{cite web |url=http://skyscraperpage.com/diagrams/?searchID=41462613 |title="Diagram of Japanese skyscrapers and towers completed and under construction |accessdate=2009-01-23 |publisher=Skyscraperpage.com}}</ref> |
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==Tallest buildings== |
==Tallest buildings== |
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[[Image:Tokyo midtown tower.JPG|thumb|upright|[[Midtown Tower]] is the tallest building in [[Tokyo]].]] |
[[Image:Tokyo midtown tower.JPG|thumb|upright|[[Midtown Tower]] is the tallest building in [[Tokyo]].]] |
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[[Image:Tokyo Metropolitan Government Building 2007-October.jpg|thumb|upright|The [[Tokyo Metropolitan Government Building]] is the |
[[Image:Tokyo Metropolitan Government Building 2007-October.jpg|thumb|upright|The [[Tokyo Metropolitan Government Building]] is the Tokyo's second-tallest building.]] |
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[[Image:NTT DoCoMo Yoyogi Building Japan 2006.jpg|thumb|upright|The [[NTT Docomo Yoyogi Building]] is the third tallest building in the city—first when including its antenna.]] |
[[Image:NTT DoCoMo Yoyogi Building Japan 2006.jpg|thumb|upright|The [[NTT Docomo Yoyogi Building]] is the third tallest building in the city—first when including its antenna.]] |
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[[Image:Sunshine 60 Ikebukuro Tokyo 20070304-03.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Sunshine 60]] was Tokyo's tallest building for 13 years and is currently the 4th tallest.]] |
[[Image:Sunshine 60 Ikebukuro Tokyo 20070304-03.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Sunshine 60]] was Tokyo's tallest building for 13 years and is currently the 4th tallest.]] |
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==Timeline of tallest buildings== |
==Timeline of tallest buildings== |
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[[Image:Kasumigaseki Building.jpg|thumb|Built in 1968, the [[Kasumigaseki Building]] was the first modern office skyscraper in Tokyo and was the |
[[Image:Kasumigaseki Building.jpg|thumb|Built in 1968, the [[Kasumigaseki Building]] was the first modern office skyscraper in Tokyo and was the Tokyo's tallest building until 1970.]] |
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This is a list of buildings that once held the title of tallest building in Tokyo. It should be noted that since its construction and completion in 1958, [[Tokyo Tower]] has retained the title of tallest structure in Tokyo as well as in Japan. |
This is a list of buildings that once held the title of tallest building in Tokyo. It should be noted that since its construction and completion in 1958, [[Tokyo Tower]] has retained the title of tallest structure in Tokyo as well as in Japan. |
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Revision as of 05:31, 26 February 2009
Tokyo is the most populated of Japan's 47 sub-national prefectures. In Tokyo, there are 35 buildings and structures that stand taller than 180 metres (591 ft). The tallest structure in Tokyo is Tokyo Tower, a lattice tower that rises 333 metres (1,091 ft), which was completed in 1958.[1][2] It also stands as the tallest structure in Japan and the tallest free-standing steel structure in the world.[3][1] The tallest building and second-tallest overall structure in Tokyo is the 248-metre-tall (814 ft) Midtown Tower, which was completed in 2007.[2][4] The Tokyo's second tallest building is the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Building, which rises 48 stories and 243 metres (797 ft) in height.[5] Overall, of the 25 tallest buildings and structures in Japan, 18 are in Tokyo.[3]
Skyscrapers are a relatively recent phenomenon in Japan. Due to aesthetic and engineering concerns,[6] Japan's Building Standard Law set an absolute height limit of 31 metres until 1963, when the limit was abolished in favor of a Floor Area Ratio limit.[7] Following these changes in building regulations, the Kasumigaseki Building was constructed and completed in 1968. Double the height of Japan's previous tallest building—the 17-story Hotel New Otani Tokyo—the Kasumigaseki Building is regarded as Japan's first modern high-rise building, rising 36 stories and 156 metres (512 ft) in height.[8][6] A booming post-war Japanese economy and the hosting of the 1964 Summer Olympics helped lead to a building boom in Tokyo during the 1960s and 70s. Construction continued through the 1980s and 90s as the Japanese asset price bubble rose and fell.[9] Tokyo is divided into two sections: Western Tokyo and the special wards of Tokyo. All of the Tokyo's tallest buildings are within the 23 special wards, which comprise the area formerly incorporated as Tokyo City. Nishi-Shinjuku, a district within Shinjuku ward, was the Tokyo's first major skyscraper development area. Starting with the construction of the Keio Plaza Hotel in the 1971, the district is now home to 11 of Tokyo's 33 tallest skyscrapers.[10]
Tokyo has been the site of many skyscraper construction projects in recent years. Since 2000, 20 buildings rising higher than 180 metres (591 ft) have been completed. As of January 2009, three such buildings are under construction in Tokyo. Several other construction projects planned to exceed the height of 180 metres are proposed for the near future. A 610-metre-tall (2,003 ft) tower, known as the Tokyo Sky Tree, is also under construction. When completed, the structure's height will surpass Tokyo Tower's by 277 metres (909 ft), making it the tallest free-standing structure in Tokyo and Japan.[11]
Tallest buildings
This list ranks Tokyo skyscrapers that stand at least 180 metres (591 ft) tall, based on standard height measurement. This height includes spires and architectural details but does not include antenna masts. Existing structures are included for ranking purposes based on present height.
Rank | Name | Height m (ft) |
Floors | Year | Ward | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
— | Tokyo Tower[A] | 333 (1,091) | 7 | 1958 | Minato | Tallest free-standing steel structure in the world; 20th-tallest tower in the world; Tallest structure in Japan[1][12] |
1 | Midtown Tower | 248 (814) | 54 | 2007 | Minato | 4th-tallest building in Japan; Tallest building completed in Japan in the 2000s thus far[4][13] |
2 | Tokyo Metropolitan Government Building | 243 (797) | 48 | 1991 | Shinjuku | 7th-tallest building in Japan; Tallest building completed in Tokyo in the 1990s[5][14] |
3= | NTT Docomo Yoyogi Building | 240 (787) | 27 | 2000 | Shibuya | 8th-tallest building in Japan; Tallest clock tower in the world; Tallest building in Tokyo by pinnacle height (including antenna)[15][16] |
3= | Sunshine 60 | 240 (786) | 60 | 1978 | Toshima | 8th-tallest building in Japan; Tallest building completed in Japan in the 1970s[17][18] |
5 | Roppongi Hills Mori Tower | 238 (781) | 54 | 2003 | Minato | 10th-tallest building in Japan[19][20] |
6 | Shinjuku Park Tower | 235 (771) | 52 | 1994 | Shinjuku | 11th-tallest building in Japan[21][22] |
7 | Tokyo Opera City Tower | 234 (769) | 54 | 1996 | Shinjuku | 12th-tallest building in Japan[23][24] |
8 | Shinjuku Mitsui Building | 225 (738) | 55 | 1974 | Shinjuku | 14th-tallest building in Japan[25][26] |
9 | Shinjuku Center Building | 223 (732) | 54 | 1979 | Shinjuku | 15th-tallest building in Japan[27][28] |
10 | Saint Luke's Tower | 221 (724) | 47 | 1994 | Chūō | 16th-tallest building in Japan[29][30] |
11= | Izumi Garden Tower | 216 (709) | 45 | 2002 | Minato | 17th-tallest building in Japan[31][32] |
11= | Shiodome City Center | 216 (708) | 43 | 2003 | Minato | 17th-tallest building in Japan[33][34] |
13 | Dentsu Building | 213 (700) | 48 | 2002 | Minato | 19th-tallest building in Japan[35][36] |
— | Marcus Island LORAN-C transmitter[A] | 213 (699) | — | 2000 | Marcus Island[B] | Located on Marcus Island, an isolated island in the Pacific Ocean[37] |
14 | Shinjuku Sumitomo Building | 210 (690) | 52 | 1974 | Shinjuku | 21st-tallest building in Japan[38][39] |
— | Toshima Incineration Plant[A] | 210 (689) | 11 | 1999 | Toshima | Tallest incinerator chimney in the world[40] |
15= | GranTokyo North Tower | 205 (672) | 43 | 2007 | Chiyoda | 22nd-tallest building in Japan[41][42] |
15= | GranTokyo South Tower | 205 (672) | 42 | 2007 | Chiyoda | 22nd-tallest building in Japan[43][44] |
17 | Mode Gakuen Cocoon Tower | 204 (668) | 50 | 2008 | Shinjuku | 2nd-tallest educational building in the world; 24th-tallest building in Japan[45][46] |
18 | Shinjuku Nomura Building | 203 (667) | 50 | 1978 | Shinjuku | 25th-tallest building in Japan[47][48] |
19 | Shin-Marunouchi Building | 198 (648) | 38 | 2007 | Chiyoda | 28th-tallest building in Japan[49][50] |
20= | Harumi Island Triton Square Tower X | 195 (639) | 44 | 2001 | Chūō | 29th-tallest building in Japan[51][52] |
20= | Nihonbashi Mitsui Tower | 195 (639) | 39 | 2005 | Chūō | 29th-tallest building in Japan[53][54] |
20= | Sannō Park Tower | 195 (638) | 44 | 2000 | Chiyoda | 29th-tallest building in Japan[55][56] |
23= | Sompo Japan Building | 193 (633) | 43 | 1976 | Shinjuku | 33nd-tallest building in Japan[57][58] |
23= | Nittele Tower | 193 (633) | 32 | 2003 | Minato | 33rd-tallest building in Japan[59][60] |
25= | Sea Tower | 192 (631) | 58 | 2008 | Chūō | 35th-tallest building in Japan[61][62] |
25= | Mid Tower | 192 (631) | 58 | 2008 | Chūō | 35th-tallest building in Japan[63][64] |
27 | Acty Shiodome | 190 (624) | 56 | 2004 | Minato | Tallest all-residential building in Tokyo; 37th-tallest building in Japan[65][66] |
28 | Shinjuku I-Land Tower | 189 (621) | 44 | 1995 | Shinjuku | 39th-tallest building in Japan[67][68] |
29 | Atago Green Hills Mori Tower | 188 (617) | 42 | 2001 | Minato | 40th-tallest building in Japan[69][70] |
30= | Cerulean Tower | 184 (604) | 41 | 2001 | Shibuya | 42nd-tallest building in Japan[71][72] |
30= | Sumitomo Real Estate Shinjuku Oak Tower | 184 (603) | 38 | 2002 | Shinjuku | 42nd-tallest building in Japan[73][74] |
32= | Century Park Tower | 180 (591) | 54 | 1999 | Chūō | 45th-tallest building in Japan[75][76] |
32= | NEC Supertower | 180 (591) | 44 | 1990 | Minato | 45th-tallest building in Japan[77][78] |
32= | Park City Toyosu Building A | 180 (590) | 52 | 2008 | Kōtō | 45th-tallest building in Japan[79][80] |
32= | Keio Plaza Hotel North Tower | 180 (589) | 47 | 1971 | Shinjuku | 45th-tallest building in Japan[81][80] |
- * Indicates buildings that are still under construction but have been topped out.
- = Indicates buildings that have the same rank because they have the same height.
Tallest structures
This list ranks Tokyo free-standing structures that stand at least 170 metres (558 ft) tall, based on standard height measurement. This height includes spires, architectural details and antenna masts.
Rank | Name | Height m (ft) |
Floors | Year | Structure type | Ward | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Tokyo Tower | 333 (1,091) | 7 | 1958 | lattice tower | Minato | Tallest free-standing steel structure in the world; 20th-tallest tower in the world; Tallest structure in Japan[1][12] |
2 | Marcus Island LORAN-C transmitter | 213 (699) | — | 2000 | guyed mast | Marcus Island[B] | Located on Marcus Island, an isolated island in the Pacific Ocean[37] |
3 | Toshima Incineration Plant | 210 (689) | 11 | 1999 | chimney | Toshima | Tallest incinerator chimney in the world[40] |
4 | Chūō Incineration Plant | 177.5 (582) | 5 | 2001 | chimney | Chūō | [82] |
Tallest under construction, approved or proposed
Under construction
This lists buildings and free-standing structures that are under construction in Tokyo and are planned to rise at least 180 metres (591 ft). Any buildings that have been topped out but are not completed are also included.
Name | Height m (ft) |
Floors | Year | Ward | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tokyo Sky Tree | 611 (2,003) | 32 | 2011 | Sumida | Will be the tallest structure in Japan[83][84] |
Kachidoki Station Front Redevelopment Project | 192 (631) | 55 | 2010 | Chūō | [85] |
Higashi-Ikebukuro 4-chome Redevelopment Project | 189 (621) | 52 | 2011 | Toshima | [86] |
Ōtechō-chiku Primary Urban Redevelopment Building B | 180 (591) | 37 | 2009 | Chiyoda | [87][88] |
Approved
This lists buildings that are approved for construction in Tokyo and are planned to rise at least 180 metres (591 ft).
Name | Height m (ft) |
Floors | Year | Ward | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
JP Tower | 200 (656) | 38 | 2011 | Chiyoda | Would incorporate the facade of the current Tokyo Central Post Office building into its base[89][90] |
Toranomon-Roppongi Area Redevelopment Project | 199 (653) | 46 | 2012 | Minato | [91][92] |
Nishi-Shinjuku 8-chome Naruko Area Redevelopment | 196 (644) | 40 | 2011 | Shinjuku | [93][94][95] |
2-chome Shibuya 21 District Development Plan | 183 (599) | 34 | 2012 | Shibuya | [96] |
Proposed
This lists buildings that are proposed for construction in Tokyo and are planned to rise at least 180 metres (591 ft).
Name | Height m (ft) |
Floors | Year | Ward | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nishi-shinjuku 3-chome East Office Tower | 338 (1,109) | 77 | 2010 | Shinjuku | Considered to be in stale proposal status; Would be the tallest building in Japan[97][98] |
Loop Line Number 2 Shinbashi-Toranomon Area Redevelopment Project Building III | 247 (797) | 53 | 2014 | Minato | [99][100][101] |
Nishi-shinjuku 3-chome North Residential Tower | 245 (804) | 66 | 2010 | Shinjuku | Considered to be in stale proposal status[102][103] |
Nishi-shinjuku 3-chome South Residential Tower | 245 (804) | 66 | 2010 | Shinjuku | Considered to be in stale proposal status[104][105] |
Nishi-shinjuku 3-chome West Residential Tower | 190 (623) | 50 | 2010 | Shinjuku | Considered to be in stale proposal status[106][107] |
Timeline of tallest buildings
This is a list of buildings that once held the title of tallest building in Tokyo. It should be noted that since its construction and completion in 1958, Tokyo Tower has retained the title of tallest structure in Tokyo as well as in Japan.
Name | Years as tallest | Height m (ft) |
Floors | Ward | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hotel New Otani Tokyo | 1964–1968 | 72 (237) | 17 | Chiyoda | [8] |
Kasumigaseki Building | 1968–1970 | 156 (512) | 36 | Chiyoda | [108] |
Tokyo World Trade Center Building | 1970–1971 | 163 (533) | 40 | Minato | [109] |
Keio Plaza Hotel | 1971–1974 | 180 (589) | 47 | Shinjuku | [81] |
Shinjuku Sumitomo Building | 1974–1974 | 210 (690) | 52 | Shinjuku | [38] |
Shinjuku Mitsui Building | 1974–1978 | 225 (738) | 55 | Shinjuku | [25] |
Sunshine 60 | 1978–1991 | 240 (786) | 60 | Toshima | [17] |
Tokyo Metropolitan Government Building | 1991–2007 | 243 (797) | 48 | Shinjuku | [5] |
Midtown Tower | 2007–present | 248 (814) | 54 | Minato | [4] |
See also
Notes
- A. ^ This structure is not a habitable building but is included in this list for comparative purposes. Per a ruling by the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat, freestanding observation towers, chimneys or masts are not considered to be buildings, as they are not fully habitable structures.
- B. ^ Marcus Island is not within the special wards of Tokyo. Administratively, the island is part of Ogasawara, Tokyo.
References
- General
- "High-rise buildings of Tokyo". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2009-01-23.
- Specific
- ^ a b c d "Tokyo Tower". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2008-09-22.
- ^ a b ""Diagram of completed Tokyo skyscrapers and towers". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2009-01-23.
- ^ a b "Diagram of completed Japanese skyscrapers and towers". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2009-01-23.
- ^ a b c "Mid-Town Tower". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2008-09-22.
- ^ a b c "Metropolitian Government Building". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2008-09-22.
- ^ a b "Tokyo-Yokohama Metropolitan Area". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2009-01-23. Cite error: The named reference "KB EMP" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
- ^ Wantanabe, Hiroshi (2001). The Architecture of Tokyo. Edition Axel Menges. p. 119. ISBN 3-9306-9893-5.
- ^ a b "Hotel New Otani". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2008-10-08.
- ^ "Tokyo story". Metropolis. Retrieved 2009-01-23.
- ^ "Shinjuku Skyscraper District, Tokyo". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2009-01-23.
- ^ ""Diagram of Japanese skyscrapers and towers completed and under construction". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2009-01-23.
- ^ a b "Tokyo Tower". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2009-01-23.
- ^ "Mid Town Tower". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-09-26.
- ^ "Tokyo City Hall, Tower I". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-09-26.
- ^ "NTT DoCoMo Yoyogi Building". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2008-09-22.
- ^ "NTT DoCoMo Yoyogi Building". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-09-23.
- ^ a b "Sunshine 60". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2008-09-22.
- ^ "Sunshine 60 Building". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-09-26.
- ^ "Roppongi Hills Mori Tower". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2008-09-22.
- ^ "Roppongi Hills Mori Tower". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-09-26.
- ^ "Shinjuku Park Tower". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2008-09-22.
- ^ "Shinjuku Park Tower". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-09-26.
- ^ "Opera City Tower". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2008-09-22.
- ^ "Tokyo Opera City Tower". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-09-26.
- ^ a b "Shinjuku Mitsui Building". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2008-09-22.
- ^ "Shinjuku Mitsui Building". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-09-26.
- ^ "Shinjuku Center Building". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2008-09-22.
- ^ "Shinjuku Center Building". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-09-26.
- ^ "Saint Luke's Tower". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2008-09-22.
- ^ "St. Luke's Tower". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-09-26.
- ^ "Izumi Garden Tower". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2008-09-22.
- ^ "Izumi Garden Tower". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-09-26.
- ^ "Shiodome City Center". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2008-09-22.
- ^ "Shidome City Center". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-09-26.
- ^ "Dentsu Headquarters Building". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2008-09-22.
- ^ "Dentsu Headquarters Building". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-09-26.
- ^ a b "Minami Torishima LORAN-C Transmission Mast (3rd)". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2009-01-27.
- ^ a b "Shinjuku Sumitomo Building". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2008-09-22.
- ^ "Shinjuku Sumitomo Building". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-09-26.
- ^ a b "Toshima Incineration Plant". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2008-09-22.
- ^ "GranTokyo North Tower". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2008-09-22.
- ^ "GranTokyo North Tower". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-09-26.
- ^ "GranTokyo South Tower". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2008-09-22.
- ^ "GranTokyo South Tower". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-09-26.
- ^ "Tokyo Mode Gakuen Cocoon Tower". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2008-09-24.
- ^ "Tokyo Mode Gakuen". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-09-24.
- ^ "Shinjuku Nomura Building". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2008-09-22.
- ^ "Shinjuku Nomura Building". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-09-26.
- ^ "Shin-Marunouchi Building". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2008-09-22.
- ^ "New Shin-Marunouchi Building". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-09-26.
- ^ "Harumi Island Triton Square Tower X". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2008-09-22.
- ^ "Tower X". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-09-26.
- ^ "Nihombashi Mitsui Tower". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2008-09-22.
- ^ "Nihonbashi Mitsui Tower". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-09-26.
- ^ "Sanno Park Tower". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2008-09-22.
- ^ "Sanno Park Tower". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-09-26.
- ^ "Sompo Japan Headquarters". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2008-09-23.
- ^ "Sompo Japan Head Office Building". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-09-26.
- ^ "NTV Headquarters". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2008-09-23.
- ^ "Nittele Tower". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-09-23.
- ^ "The Tokyo Towers Sea Tower". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2008-09-23.
- ^ "Sea Tower". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-09-23.
- ^ "The Tokyo Towers Mid Tower". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2008-09-23.
- ^ "Mid Tower". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-09-23.
- ^ "Acty Shiodome". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2008-09-23.
- ^ "Acty Shiodome". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-09-23.
- ^ "Shinjuku I-Land Tower". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2008-09-23.
- ^ "Shinjuku I-Land Tower". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-09-23.
- ^ "Atago Green Hills Mori Tower". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2008-09-23.
- ^ "Atago Green Hills Mori Tower". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-09-23.
- ^ "Cerulean Tower". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2008-09-23.
- ^ "Cerulean Tower". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-09-23.
- ^ "Sumitomo Fudosan Shinjuku Oak Tower". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2008-09-23.
- ^ "Shinjuku Oak Tower". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-09-23.
- ^ "River City 21 Century Park Tower". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2008-09-23.
- ^ "Century Park Tower". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-09-23.
- ^ "NEC Supertower". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2008-09-23.
- ^ "NEC Supertower". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-09-23.
- ^ "Park City Toyosu Building A". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2009-01-27.
- ^ a b "Park City Toyosu, Building A". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2009-01-27. Cite error: The named reference "KPH EMP" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
- ^ a b "Keio Plaza Hotel". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2009-01-27. Cite error: The named reference "KPH SCP" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
- ^ "Chuo Incineration Plant". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2008-09-22.
- ^ "Tokyo Sky Tree". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2008-09-22.
- ^ "Tokyo Sky Tree". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2009-01-23.
- ^ "Kachidoki Station Front Redevelopment Project". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2009-01-23.
- ^ "Higashi-Ikebukuro 4-chome Second Area Redevelopment Project". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2009-01-23.
- ^ "Otemachi Area First Redevelopment Project Building B (JA)". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2009-01-23.
- ^ "大手町一丁目地区第一種市街地再開発事業". Tokyo Tatemono. March 30, 2007. Retrieved 2009-01-28.
{{cite web}}
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ignored (help) - ^ "JP Tower". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2009-01-23.
- ^ "東京中央郵便局の再整備計画について" (PDF). Japan Post. June 25, 2008. Retrieved 2009-01-28.
{{cite web}}
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ignored (help) - ^ "Toranomon-Roppongi Area Redevelopment Project". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2009-01-23.
- ^ "虎ノ門・六本木地区市街地再開発組合の設立認可について". Tokyo Metropolitan Government. July 10, 2008. Retrieved 2009-01-23.
{{cite web}}
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ignored (help) - ^ "Nishi-Shinjuku 8-chome Naruko Area Redevelopment". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2009-01-23.
- ^ "Nishi Shinjuku 8 Chome Redevelopment". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2009-01-23.
- ^ "西新宿八丁目成子地区第一種市街地再開発事業 (新宿区決定)". Bureau of Urban Development, Tokyo Metropolitan Government. Retrieved 2009-01-28.
{{cite web}}
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ignored (help) - ^ "渋谷・文化会館跡地の再開発計画明らかに-高層ビル建設へ". Shibuya Keizai Shimbun. Retrieved 2009-01-28.
{{cite web}}
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ignored (help) - ^ "Nishi-Shinjuku 3-Chome Redevelopment - East Office Tower". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2009-01-23.
- ^ "Nishi-Shinjuku 3-Chome Redevelopment - East Office Tower". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-05-09.
- ^ "Loop Line #2 Shimbashi/Toranomon Redevelopment Project Building III". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2008-09-25.
- ^ "Office Tower". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2009-01-23.
- ^ "環状二号線新橋・虎ノ門地区" (PDF) (in Japanese). Bureau of Urban Development, Tokyo Metropolitan Government. October 2008. Retrieved 2009-01-23.
- ^ "Nishi-Shinjuku 3-Chome Redevelopment - North Residential Tower". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2009-01-23.
- ^ "North Residential Tower". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-05-09.
- ^ "Nishi-Shinjuku 3-Chome Redevelopment - South Residential Tower". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2009-01-23.
- ^ "South Residential Tower". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-05-09.
- ^ "Nishi-Shinjuku 3-Chome Redevelopment - West Residential Tower". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2009-01-23.
- ^ "West Residential Tower". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-05-09.
- ^ "Kasumigaseki Building". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2008-09-22.
- ^ "Tokyo World Trade Center Building". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2008-09-22.
External links
- Diagram of Tokyo buildings and structures on SkyscraperPage