Jump to content

List of massacres in Turkey: Difference between revisions

Edit links
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
DragonTiger23 (talk | contribs)
3,624 edits
This is not based on any source at all
according to the April Uprising article, this occurred in the Ottoman Empire
Line 20: Line 20:
|Christians
|Christians
|Many who were not killed were sold into slavery
|Many who were not killed were sold into slavery
|-
|Massacres following the [[April Uprising]]
|1876
|Bulgarian territories in the [[Ottoman Empire]]
|70,000<ref>The Turkish Atrocities in Bulgaria, Letters of the Special Commissioner of the Daily News, J.A. MacGahan Esq. With an Introduction and Mr. Schuyler's Preliminary Report (London, 1876.)</ref>
|[[Ottoman Empire]]
|Bulgarians
|More than 200 villages were set on fire
|-
|-
|[[Hamidian massacres]]
|[[Hamidian massacres]]

Revision as of 16:18, 24 March 2013

The following is a list of massacres that have occurred in Turkey and its predecessors (numbers may be approximate, as estimates vary greatly):

Name Date Location Deaths Responsible Party Victims Notes
Massacres of Badr Khan 1840 Ottoman Empire 10,000[1] Kurdish Emirs of Buhtan, Hakkari Badr Khan, and Noorallah Christians Many who were not killed were sold into slavery
Massacres following the April Uprising 1876 Bulgarian territories in the Ottoman Empire 70,000[2] Ottoman Empire Bulgarians More than 200 villages were set on fire
Hamidian massacres 1894–1896 Anatolia, Ottoman Empire 100,000-300,000[3] Ottoman Empire/Young Turk government Christian Armenians and Assyrians Many women were raped and forced into harems, and many women and children were sold as slaves
Massacres in Erzurum[4][5] 1895 Erzurum 60,000+ Ottoman soldiers and local Muslims Christian Armenians[6]
Massacres of Diyarbakir (1895)[7] 1895 Diyarbakir 25,000 Kurdish irregulars, Ottoman governors Christian Armenians and Assyrians
Adana massacre April 13, 1909 Adana Vilayet 15,000-30,000[8][9][10] Ottoman Empire/Young Turk government Armenian Christians
Greek genocide[11][12][13][14] 1914–1923 various 500,000-2,000,000 Ottoman Empire Greek Christians Reports detail systematic massacres, deportations, individual killings, rapes, burning of entire Greek villages, destruction of Greek Orthodox churches and monasteries, drafts for "Labor Brigades", looting, terrorism and other atrocities[15][16]
Assyrian genocide[17] 1914–1925 Ottoman Empire 270,000 - 750,000 Ottoman Empire/Young Turk government Assyrian Christians
Armenian Genocide[18] 1915–1923 various 600,000-1,800,000 Young Turk government Armenian Christians Denied by the Turkish government; is the second most studied case of genocide after the Holocaust
Menemen massacre June 16–17, 1919 Menemen 100-1,000 Greeks Turks
Catastrophe of Smyrna September 13–22, 1922 Smyrna 10,000-100,000[19][20] Turkish forces Greek and Armenian Christians Greeks and Armenians were massacred by Turkish forces in the aftermath of a devastating fire that destroyed their quarters in the city
Zilan massacre July 1930 Van Province 4,500-47,000 Turks Kurds 5,000 women, children, and the elderly were reportedly killed
Dersim Massacre Summer 1937-Spring 1938 Tunceli Province 13,160-70,000 Turkish government Alevis (Zazas) Kurds The killings have been condemned by some as an ethnocide or genocide
Istanbul Pogrom 6–7 September 1955 Istanbul, Izmir, Hatay 30 Turkish government Greek and Armenian Christians, Jews The killings are identified as genocidal by Alfred-Maurice de Zayas. Many of the minorities, mostly Greek Christians, forced to leave Turkey. Several churches are demolished by explosives.
Taksim Square massacre May 1, 1977 Taksim Square in Istanbul 34-42 Turkish security forces Leftist demonstrators
Bahçelievler massacre October 9, 1978 Bahçelievler, Ankara 7 Neo-fascists Leftist students
Maraş Massacre December 19–26, 1978 Kahramanmaraş Province 109 Grey Wolves Alevi Kurds
Çorum Massacre May–July, 1980 Çorum Province 57 Grey Wolves Alevi Turks
Sivas massacre July 2, 1993 Sivas, Turkey 37 Islamists Alevi intellectuals
Başbağlar massacre July 5, 1993 Erzincan 33 PKK Sunni Turks

Gallery

  • Aftermath of the massacres at Erzurum
    Aftermath of the massacres at Erzurum
  • An Armenian town left pillaged and destroyed, during the Adana massacre
    An Armenian town left pillaged and destroyed, during the Adana massacre
  • Photo taken after the Smyrna fire. The text inside indicates that the photo had been taken by representatives of the Red Cross in Smyrna
    Photo taken after the Smyrna fire. The text inside indicates that the photo had been taken by representatives of the Red Cross in Smyrna
  • Armenian woman kneeling beside dead child in field "within sight of help and safety at Aleppo"
    Armenian woman kneeling beside dead child in field "within sight of help and safety at Aleppo"

References

  1. ^ Gaunt & Beṯ-Şawoce 2006, p. 32
  2. ^ The Turkish Atrocities in Bulgaria, Letters of the Special Commissioner of the Daily News, J.A. MacGahan Esq. With an Introduction and Mr. Schuyler's Preliminary Report (London, 1876.)
  3. ^ Akçam, Taner. A Shameful Act: The Armenian Genocide and the Question of Turkish Responsibility. New York: Metropolitan Books, 2006, p. 42. ISBN 0-8050-7932-7.
  4. ^ Erzerum, The Nuttall Encyclopædia, http://www.fromoldbooks.org/Wood-NuttallEncyclopaedia/e/erzerum.html
  5. ^ The Parliamentary Debates - Page 39 by Great Britain Parliament, Great Britain [date missing]
  6. ^ MASSACRE OF CHRISTIANS. - Washington Post (1877-1954) - Washington, D.C. [page needed][date missing]
  7. ^ de Courtois 2004, p. 105
  8. ^ Akcam, Taner. A Shameful Act. 2006, page 69–70: "fifteen to twenty thousand Armenians were killed"
  9. ^ "30,000 KILLED IN MASSACRES". The New York Times. April 25, 1909. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  10. ^ Century of Genocide: Eyewitness Accounts and Critical Views By Samuel. Totten, William S. Parsons, Israel W. Charny
  11. ^ IAGS Resolution on Genocides committed by the Ottoman Empire retrieved via the Internet Archive (PDF), International Association of Genocide Scholars
  12. ^ Genocide Resolution approved by Swedish Parliament — full text containing the IAGS resolution and the Swedish Parliament resolution from news.am
  13. ^ Gaunt, David. Massacres, Resistance, Protectors: Muslim-Christian Relations in Eastern Anatolia during World War I. Piscataway, New Jersey: Gorgias Press, 2006.
  14. ^ Schaller, Dominik J; Zimmerer, Jürgen (2008). "Late Ottoman genocides: the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire and Young Turkish population and extermination policies – introduction". Journal of Genocide Research. 10 (1): 7–14. doi:10.1080/14623520801950820.
  15. ^ The New York Times Advanced search engine for article and headline archives (subscription necessary for viewing article content).
  16. ^ Alexander Westwood and Darren O'Brien, Selected bylines and letters from The New York Times, The Australian Institute for Holocaust and Genocide Studies, 2006
  17. ^ Travis, Hannibal. "'Native Christians Massacred': The Ottoman Genocide of the Assyrians During World War I." Genocide Studies and Prevention, Vol. 1, No. 3, December 2006, pp. 327–371. Retrieved 2012-10-28.
  18. ^ Armenia: The Survival of A Nation by Christopher J. Walker, Croom Helm (Publisher) London 1980, pp. 200-203
  19. ^ Rudolph J. Rummel, Irving Louis Horowitz (1994). "Turkey's Genocidal Purges". Death by Government. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 978-1-56000-927-6. {{cite book}}: Check |first= value (help), p. 233.
  20. ^ Naimark. Fires of Hatred, pp. 47-52.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_massacres_in_Turkey&oldid=546752562"