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Star Trek is an American space opera media franchise based on the science fiction television series created by Gene Roddenberry. The first television series, simply called Star Trek and now referred to as "The Original Series", debuted in 1966 and aired for three seasons on NBC. The Star Trek canon includes The Original Series, an animated series, five spin-off television series, and the film franchise.

Television series

The Original Series logo, common throughout the franchise

Seven television series make up the bulk of the Star Trek mythos: The Original Series, The Animated Series, The Next Generation, Deep Space Nine, Voyager, Enterprise, and Discovery. All the different versions in total amount to 755 Star Trek episodes across the 32 seasons of the TV series.[Note 1]

The Original Series (1966–69)

William Shatner played Captain James T. Kirk in The Original Series, The Animated Series, and seven films.

Star Trek: The Original Series or "TOS"[Note 2] debuted in the United States on NBC on September 8, 1966.[1] The show tells the tale of the crew of the starship Enterprise and its five-year mission "to boldly go where no man has gone before." The original 1966–69 television series featured William Shatner as Captain James T. Kirk, Leonard Nimoy as Spock, DeForest Kelley as Dr. Leonard "Bones" McCoy, James Doohan as Montgomery "Scotty" Scott, Nichelle Nichols as Uhura, George Takei as Hikaru Sulu, and Walter Koenig as Pavel Chekov[2] During the series' original run, it earned several nominations for the Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation and won twice: for the two-parter "The Menagerie" and the Harlan Ellison-written episode "The City on the Edge of Forever".[3]

NBC canceled the show after three seasons; the last original episode aired on June 3, 1969.[4][5] The petition near the end of the second season to save the show signed by many Caltech students and its multiple Hugo nominations would, however, indicate that despite low Nielsen ratings, it was highly popular with science fiction fans and engineering students.[6] The series later became popular in reruns and found a cult following.[1]

The Animated Series (1973–74)

The Animated Series logo

Star Trek: The Animated Series, produced by Filmation, ran for two seasons from 1973 to 1974. Most of the original cast performed the voices of their characters from The Original Series, and many of the writers who worked on The Original Series, D. C. Fontana, David Gerrold, and Paul Schneider, wrote for the series. While the animated format allowed the producers to create more exotic alien landscapes and life forms, animation errors and liberal reuse of shots and musical cues have tarnished the series' reputation.[7] Although it was originally sanctioned by Paramount, which owned the Star Trek franchise following its acquisition of Desilu in 1967, Gene Roddenberry often spoke of TAS as non-canon.[8] Star Trek writers have used elements of the animated series in later live-action series and films, and as of June 2007, TAS has references in the library section of the official Startrek.com web site officially bringing the series into the franchise's main canon.

The Animated Series won Star Trek's first Emmy Award on May 15, 1975.[9] Star Trek: TAS briefly returned to television in the mid-1980s on the children's cable network Nickelodeon. Nickelodeon's Evan McGuire greatly admired the show and used its various creative components as inspiration for his short series called Piggly Wiggly Hears a Sound which never aired. Nickelodeon parent Viacom would purchase Paramount in 1994. In the early 1990s, the Sci-Fi Channel also began rerunning TAS. The complete TAS was also released on Laserdisc format during the 1980s.[10] The complete series was first released in the U.S. on eleven volumes of VHS tapes in 1989. All 22 episodes were released on DVD in 2006.

The Next Generation (1987–94)

The Next Generation logo
Sir Patrick Stewart played Captain Jean-Luc Picard in The Next Generation and subsequent films.

Star Trek: The Next Generation, also known as "TNG", takes place about a century after The Original Series (2364–2370). It features a new starship, Enterprise-D, and a new crew led by Captain Jean-Luc Picard (Patrick Stewart) and Commander William Riker (Jonathan Frakes). Some crewmembers represent new alien races, including Deanna Troi, a half-Betazoid counselor played by Marina Sirtis. Michael Dorn plays Worf, the first Klingon officer in Starfleet, alongside Gates McFadden as Dr. Beverly Crusher, LeVar Burton as chief engineer Geordi La Forge, the android Data portrayed by Brent Spiner, and Dr. Crusher's son Wesley Crusher played by Wil Wheaton. The show premiered on September 28, 1987, and ran for seven seasons, ending on May 23, 1994.[11] It had the highest ratings of any of the Star Trek series and became the #1 syndicated show during the last few years of its original run, allowing it to act as a springboard for ideas in other series. Many relationships and races introduced in TNG became the basis of episodes in Deep Space 9 and Voyager.[12] During its run it earned several Emmy awards and nominations—including a nomination for Best Dramatic Series during its final season—two Hugo Awards and a Peabody Award for Outstanding Television Programming for the episode "The Big Goodbye".[13]

Deep Space Nine (1993–99)

The Deep Space Nine logo
Avery Brooks played Captain Benjamin Sisko in Deep Space Nine, commander of the titular space station and Emissary of the Prophets.

Star Trek: Deep Space Nine, also known as "DS9", takes place during the last years and the immediate post-years of The Next Generation (2369–2375) and aired for seven seasons, debuting the week of January 3, 1993.[14] Like Star Trek: The Next Generation, it aired in syndication in the United States and Canada. Unlike the other Star Trek series, DS9 takes place primarily on a space station rather than aboard a starship.

The show begins after the brutal Cardassian occupation of the planet Bajor. The liberated Bajoran people ask the United Federation of Planets to help run a Cardassian built space station, Deep Space Nine, near Bajor. After the Federation takes control of the station, the protagonists of the show discover a uniquely stable wormhole that provides immediate access to the distant Gamma Quadrant making Bajor and the station one of the most strategically important locations in the galaxy.[15] The show chronicles the events of the station's crew, led by Commander (later Captain) Benjamin Sisko, played by Avery Brooks, and Major (later Colonel) Kira Nerys, played by Nana Visitor. Recurring plot elements include the repercussions of the Cardassian occupation of Bajor, Sisko's spiritual role for the Bajorans as the Emissary of the Prophets, and in later seasons a war with the Dominion.

Deep Space Nine stands apart from earlier Trek series for its lengthy serialized storytelling, conflict within the crew, and religious themes—all elements that critics and audiences praised but Roddenberry forbade in the original series and The Next Generation.[16] Nevertheless, he was informed before his death of DS9, making this the last Star Trek series connected to Gene Roddenberry.[17]

Voyager (1995–2001)

Voyager logo
Kate Mulgrew played Captain Kathryn Janeway, the lead character in Voyager, and the first female commanding officer in a leading role of a Star Trek series.

Star Trek: Voyager ran for seven seasons, airing from January 16, 1995, to May 23, 2001, launching a new Paramount-owned television network, UPN. It features Kate Mulgrew as Captain Kathryn Janeway,[18] the first female commanding officer in a leading role of a Star Trek series, and Commander Chakotay, played by Robert Beltran.

Voyager takes place at about the same time period as Deep Space Nine and the years following that show's end (2371–2378). The premiere episode has the USS Voyager and its crew pursue a Maquis (Federation rebels) ship. Both ships become stranded in the Delta Quadrant about 70,000 light-years from Earth.[19] Faced with a 75-year voyage to Earth, the crew must learn to work together to overcome challenges on their long and perilous journey home while also seeking ways to shorten the voyage. Like Deep Space Nine, early seasons of Voyager feature more conflict between its crewmembers than seen in later episodes. Such conflict often arises from friction between "by-the-book" Starfleet crew and rebellious Maquis fugitives forced by circumstance to work together on Voyager. Eventually, though, they settle their differences, after which the overall tone becomes more reminiscent of The Original Series. The starship Voyager, isolated from its home, faces new cultures and dilemmas not possible in shows based in the Alpha Quadrant. Later seasons, however, brought an influx of characters and cultures from prior shows, the Borg, Q, the Ferengi, Romulans, Klingons, Cardassians and cast members of The Next Generation.

Enterprise (2001–2005)

Enterprise logo. The show originally did not include "Star Trek" in its name and logo, adding it later on in the show's run.
Science fiction veteran Scott Bakula played Captain Jonathan Archer, the lead character in Enterprise, a prequel to the original show.

Star Trek: Enterprise, originally entitled Enterprise, is a prequel to the original Star Trek series. It aired from September 26, 2001 to May 13, 2005.[20] Enterprise takes place in the 2150s, some 90 years after the events of Zefram Cochrane's first warp flight and about a decade before the founding of the Federation. The show centers on the voyages of Earth's first warp 5 capable starship, Enterprise, commanded by Captain Jonathan Archer (played by Scott Bakula), and the Vulcan Sub-Commander T'Pol (played by Jolene Blalock).

During the show's first two seasons, Enterprise featured self-contained episodes, like The Original Series, The Next Generation and Voyager. The third season consisted of one arc, "Xindi mission", which had a darker tone and serialized nature similar to that of Deep Space 9. Season 4 consisted of several mini-arcs composed of two to three episodes. The final season showed the origins of elements seen in earlier series, and it rectified and resolved some core continuity problems between the various Star Trek series. Ratings for Enterprise started strong but declined rapidly. Although critics received the fourth season well, both fans and the cast reviled the series finale, partly because of the episode's focus on the guest appearance of members of The Next Generation cast.[21] The cancellation of Enterprise ended an 18-year run of back-to-back new Star Trek shows beginning with The Next Generation in 1987.

Discovery (2017–present)

Discovery logo
Sonequa Martin-Green plays Commander Michael Burnham, the lead character in Discovery.

Star Trek: Discovery is a direct prequel to Star Trek: The Original Series, set roughly ten years beforehand.[22] It premiered September 24, 2017 in the United States and Canada on CBS before moving to CBS All Access,[23] while Netflix streams the show outside the United States and is also providing most of the show's funding.[24][25][26]

The show centers on the voyages of the Discovery, commanded by Captain Gabriel Lorca (played by Jason Isaacs), and Lieutenant Commander Michael Burnham (played by Sonequa Martin-Green), with Burnham being the lead character of the series. This marks the first Star Trek series to feature a First Officer as the lead character. The show features the Klingon T'Kuvma attempting to unite the 24 great Klingon houses, leading to a war between his race and the United Federation of Planets that involves the crew of the Discovery.[27][28]

Untitled Jean-Luc Picard series

Announced on August 4, 2018, this series will see Patrick Stewart reprise his role as Jean-Luc Picard from Star Trek: The Next Generation. It is being developed for CBS All Access,[29] will be set twenty years after the events of Star Trek: Nemesis.[30]

Lower Decks

On October 25, 2018, CBS announced a two-season order for a new half-hour adult comedy animated series, set on one of Starfleet's least important ships and focusing on the support crew. The series is created by Mike McMahan, head writer and executive producer of Rick and Morty.[31]

Untitled Philippa Georgiou series

By January 2019, a television series centered around the mirror universe's Philippa Georgiou that will follow her adventures as a member of Starfleet's Section 31 division. Michelle Yeoh will reprise her role from Star Trek: Discovery, with Bo Yeon Kim and Erika Lippoldt serving as co-showrunners, while the series is reported to feature an ensemble cast.[32]

Untitled Nickelodeon animated series

In February 2019, it was announced that an animated series developed for young viewers is currently in development. The series is being co-written and created by Dan Hageman and Kevin Hageman. The series will air on Nickelodeon as a joint-venture with CBS.[33]

Feature films

The "reboot" film series logo

Paramount Pictures has produced thirteen Star Trek feature films, the most recent being released in July 2016.[34] The first six films continue the adventures of the cast of The Original Series; the seventh film, Generations was designed as a transition from that cast to The Next Generation television series; the next three films, 8–10, focused completely on the Next Generation cast.[Note 3] Starting with the eleventh film, the movies take place in an alternate timeline with a new cast playing the original series characters. Leonard Nimoy portrays an elderly Spock in these films, providing a physical link to the original timeline. This alternate timeline has been named by CBS, for the computer game Star Trek Online, the Kelvin Timeline.

Title U.S. release date Director
The Original Series
Star Trek: The Motion Picture December 7, 1979 Robert Wise
Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan June 4, 1982 Nicholas Meyer
Star Trek III: The Search for Spock June 1, 1984 Leonard Nimoy
Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home November 26, 1986
Star Trek V: The Final Frontier June 9, 1989 William Shatner
Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country December 6, 1991 Nicholas Meyer
The Next Generation
Star Trek Generations November 18, 1994 David Carson
Star Trek: First Contact November 22, 1996 Jonathan Frakes
Star Trek: Insurrection December 11, 1998
Star Trek: Nemesis December 13, 2002 Stuart Baird
Reboot (Kelvin TImeline) [Note 4]
Star Trek May 8, 2009 J. J. Abrams
Star Trek Into Darkness May 16, 2013
Star Trek Beyond July 22, 2016 Justin Lin

The Original Series films

Star Trek: The Motion Picture (1979)

A massive energy cloud from deep space heads toward Earth, leaving destruction in its wake, and the Enterprise must intercept it to determine what lies within, and what its intent might be.

The movie borrows many elements from "The Changeling" of the original series and "One of Our Planets Is Missing" from the animated series.

Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan (1982)

Khan Noonien Singh (Ricardo Montalbán), whom Kirk thwarted in his attempt to seize control of the Enterprise fifteen years earlier ("Space Seed"), seeks his revenge on the Admiral and lays a cunning and sinister trap.

Both the first and second films have television versions with additional footage and alternate takes that affect the storyline. (Subsequent Star Trek films tended to have shorter television versions). Especially notable in The Wrath of Khan is the footage establishing that a young crew member who acts courageously and dies during an attack on the Enterprise is Scotty's nephew.

Star Trek III: The Search for Spock (1984)

When McCoy begins acting irrationally, Kirk learns that Spock, in his final moments, transferred his katra, his living spirit, to the doctor. To save McCoy from emotional ruin, Kirk and crew steal the Enterprise and violate the quarantine of the Genesis Planet to retrieve Spock, his body regenerated by the rapidly dying planet itself, in the hope that body and soul can be rejoined. However, bent on obtaining the secret of Genesis for themselves, a renegade Klingon (Christopher Lloyd) and his crew interfere, with deadly consequences.

Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home (1986)

While returning to stand court-martial for their actions in rescuing Spock, Kirk and crew learn that Earth is under siege by a giant probe that is transmitting a destructive signal, attempting to communicate with the now-extinct species of humpback whales. To save the planet, the crew must time-travel back to the late 20th century to obtain a mating pair of these whales, and a marine biologist (Catherine Hicks) to care for them.

The second through fourth films loosely form a trilogy, with the later plots building on elements of the earlier ones. The third film picks up within several days of the conclusion of the second, the fourth three months after the third. (The fifth film takes place a month after the fourth, but is not directly connected to the plots of the preceding three films.) The third and fourth films were both directed by Leonard Nimoy (also co-writer of the fourth), best known as the actor playing Spock.

Star Trek V: The Final Frontier (1989)

Spock's half-brother (Laurence Luckinbill) believes he is summoned by God, and hijacks the brand-new (and problem-ridden) Enterprise-A to take it through the Great Barrier, at the center of the Milky Way, beyond which he believes his maker waits for him. Meanwhile, a young and arrogant Klingon captain (Todd Bryant), seeking glory in what he views as an opportunity to avenge his people of the deaths of their crewmen on Genesis, sets his sights on Kirk.

This is the only film in the franchise directed by William Shatner.

Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country (1991)

When Qo'noS' moon Praxis (the Klingon Empire's chief energy source) is devastated by an explosion, caused by overmining, the catastrophe also contaminating Qo'noS' atmosphere, the Klingons make peace overtures to the Federation. While on the way to Earth for a peace summit, the Klingon Chancellor (David Warner) is assassinated by Enterprise crewmen, and Kirk is held accountable by the Chancellor's Chief of Staff (Christopher Plummer). Spock attempts to prove Kirk's innocence, but in doing so, uncovers a massive conspiracy against the peace process with participants from both sides.

This film is a sendoff to the original series cast. One Next Generation cast member, Michael Dorn, appears as the grandfather of the character he plays on the later television series. It is the second and last Star Trek film directed by Nicholas Meyer and last screenplay co-authored by Leonard Nimoy.

The Next Generation films

Star Trek Generations (1994)

Picard enlists the help of Kirk, who is presumed long dead but flourishes in an extradimensional realm, to prevent a renegade scientist (Malcolm McDowell) from destroying a star and its populated planetary system in an attempt to enter that realm. This film also included original crew members Scotty (James Doohan) and Chekov (Walter Koenig).

Following seven seasons of Star Trek: The Next Generation, the next Star Trek film was the first to feature the crew of the Enterprise-D, along with a long prologue sequence featuring three cast members of the original series and the only appearance of the Enterprise-B.

Star Trek: First Contact (1996)

After a failed attempt to assault Earth, the Borg attempt to prevent First Contact between Humans and Vulcans by interfering with Zefram Cochrane's (James Cromwell) warp test in the past. Picard must confront the demons which stem from his assimilation into the Collective ("The Best of Both Worlds") as he leads the new Enterprise-E back through time to ensure the test and subsequent meeting with the Vulcans take place.

The first of two films directed by series actor Jonathan Frakes.

Star Trek: Insurrection (1998)

Profoundly disturbed by what he views as a blatant violation of the Prime Directive, Picard deliberately interferes with a Starfleet admiral's (Anthony Zerbe) plan to relocate a relatively small but seemingly immortal population from a mystical planet to gain control of the planet's natural radiation, which has been discovered to have substantial medicinal properties. However, the admiral himself is a pawn in his alien partner's (F. Murray Abraham) mission of vengeance.

Insurrection brought in Deep Space Nine writer Michael Piller instead of Ronald D. Moore and Brannon Braga who had written for Generations and First Contact.[35]

Star Trek: Nemesis (2002)

A clone of Picard (Tom Hardy), created by the Romulans but eventually exiled to hard labor on Remus, assassinates the entire Romulan senate, assumes absolute power, and lures Picard and the Enterprise to Romulus under the false pretence of a peace overture.

Written by John Logan and directed by Stuart Baird, this film was a critical and commercial disappointment (released December 13, 2002 in direct competition with Die Another Day, Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets and The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers) and was the final Star Trek film to feature the Next Generation cast and to be produced by Rick Berman.

Reboot (Kelvin Timeline) films

Reboot film logo

Star Trek (2009)

In the 24th century, a supernova destroys Romulus. Piloting a one-man vessel, Spock (Leonard Nimoy) attempts to contain the supernova by generating an artificial black hole, but is assaulted by a Romulan mining vessel captained by Nero (Eric Bana), who is bent on vengeance for Spock's failure to save Romulus; both vessels are pulled into the black hole and sent back in time to the 23rd century. Nero then captures Spock and uses the black-hole technology to destroy Vulcan. Spock's present-day younger self (Zachary Quinto), who is a Starfleet Academy instructor, and a volatile and arrogant cadet named James Kirk (Chris Pine) must then set aside their current differences, and join forces to prevent Nero from consigning Earth and the rest of the Federation worlds to similar fates.

This film acts as a reboot to the existing franchise by taking place in an "alternate reality" using the plot device of time travel to depict an altered timeline (known as the Kelvin Timeline, after the ship destroyed in the opening scene),[36] featuring younger versions of the original series' cast. It is the first production to feature an entirely different cast of actors playing roles previously established by other actors, with the exception of an aged Spock played by Leonard Nimoy. It was directed by J. J. Abrams (who produced it with Damon Lindelof) and written by Roberto Orci and Alex Kurtzman. According to Lindelof, this production was designed to attract a wider audience.[37] It received positive reviews[38][39][40] and a number of awards, including the film franchise's only Academy Award, for "makeup and hairstyling". A story that covered the events between Nemesis and Star Trek was released as the graphic novel Star Trek: Countdown in early 2009.

Star Trek Into Darkness (2013)

A Starfleet special agent (Benedict Cumberbatch), coerces an officer into blowing up a secret installation in London, shoots up a subsequent meeting of Starfleet brass in San Francisco, and then flees to Qo'noS. The crew of the Enterprise attempt to bring him to justice without provoking war with the Klingon Empire, but find there is much more to the agent's mission, and the man himself, than what the Fleet Admiral (Peter Weller) has told them; the agent is none other than Khan Noonien Singh; his allegiance and his motives are initially not at all clear.

Star Trek Beyond (2016)

The Enterprise is ambushed and destroyed by countless alien microvessels; the crew abandon ship. Stranded on an unknown planet, and with no apparent means of escape or rescue, they find themselves in conflict with a new sociopathic enemy (Idris Elba) who has a well-earned hatred of the Federation and what it stands for.

Star Trek Beyond was released on July 22, 2016, in time for the franchise's 50th anniversary celebrations. Roberto Orci had stated that Star Trek Beyond will feel more like the original series than its predecessors in the reboot series while still trying something new with the established material.[41] In December 2014, Justin Lin was confirmed as the director for the upcoming sequel,[42] marking the first reboot film not to be directed by J. J. Abrams, whose commitments to Star Wars: The Force Awakens restricted his role on the Star Trek film to that of producer.[43] In January 2015, it was confirmed that the film would be co-written by Doug Jung and Simon Pegg,[44] who revealed the film's title that May.[45] Idris Elba was cast as the villain Krall,[46][47] while Sofia Boutella was cast as Jaylah.[48] Filming began on June 25, 2015.[49] This is the last film of Anton Yelchin (Chekov), who died in an automobile accident on June 19, 2016.

Future

Pine and Quinto have signed contracts to return as Kirk and Spock for a fourth film.[50] In July 2016, Abrams confirmed plans for a fourth film, and stated that Chris Hemsworth would return as Kirk's father, George, whom he played in the prologue of the first film.[51][52] Later that month, Paramount confirmed the return of Hemsworth as well as most of the Beyond cast, producers Abrams and Lindsey Weber, and writers J. D. Payne and Patrick McKay.[53] That same month, Abrams had said that Chekov would not be recast, after Anton Yelchin died in a motor vehicle incident.[54]

In December 2017, Deadline Hollywood reported that Quentin Tarantino is currently working on the next Star Trek theatrical installment with Abrams, with the intention being that the former will direct the film.[55] Mark L. Smith, Lindsey Beer, Megan Amram and Drew Pearce took part in the writers room before Paramount finalized a deal with Smith to write the screenplay.[56] Fans and critics have reacted with uncertainty to the news that Tarantino told Paramount that he planned for this to be the first R-rated Star Trek film.

In April 2018, it was announced that two new Star Trek films are in development at Paramount.[57] Later that month, it was announced that S. J. Clarkson will direct the second Star Trek film in development, and that the film will enter production before Tarantino's film. J. D. Payne and Patrick McKay will co-write the screenplay, while Abrams and Lindsey Weber will co-produce the project.[58]

In August 2018, it was announced that talks with Pine and Hemsworth to appear in the next film had fallen through. Both actors said the studio should abide by the existing deals regarding their salary, but Paramount wanted to keep the budget in check due to the past performance numbers.[59]

On January 9, 2019, it was reported that Paramount has canceled the current development of the fourth Star Trek installment, potentially ending the Kelvin timeline of the Star Trek universe.[60][61]

References

Footnotes

  1. ^ This count includes all planned episodes of Star Trek Discovery through season one. it also includes the animated series, and the original pilot, "The Cage". Two-part episodes that were not originally aired at the same time are considered two separate episodes. Ten feature-length episodes were originally aired as two-hour presentations and are sometimes considered single episodes, however, in this count, they too are seen as two individual episodes. The Star Trek wiki Memory Alpha differs from the count listed because it includes the feature films in its total and it uses the method that counts feature-length episodes as single episodes. This makes that wiki's total release count 758.
  2. ^ Originally entitled Star Trek, it has in recent years become known as Star Trek: The Original Series or as "Classic Star Trek"—retronyms that distinguish it from its sequels and the franchise as a whole.
  3. ^ Film titles of the North American and UK releases of the films no longer contained the number of the film following the sixth film (the sixth was Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country but the seventh was Star Trek Generations). However, European releases continued using numbers in the film titles until Nemesis.
  4. ^ Star Trek (2009), Into Darkness, and Beyond are often considered to be, and referred to as, a "reboot". They are also a continuation of the franchise that establishes an alternate reality from the previous films. This was done to free the new films from the restrictions of continuity without completely discarding it. This new reality was informally referred to by several names, including the "Abramsverse", "JJ Trek", the "alternate timeline" and "NuTrek". It was named the "Kelvin Timeline", as opposed to the "Prime Timeline" of the original series and films, by Michael and Denise Okuda for use in reference guides and encyclopedias. The name Kelvin comes from the USS Kelvin, a starship involved in the event that creates the new reality in 2009's Star Trek. Leonard Nimoy plays an older version of Spock in the film Star Trek to help link the two timelines.

Citations

  1. ^ a b Lee, Luaine (August 18, 2006). "'Star Trek' turns 40". San Jose Mercury News. McClatchy News. Archived from the original on September 1, 2006. Retrieved December 15, 2008.
  2. ^ Turnbull 1979, p. 210
  3. ^ Turnbull 1979, p. 231
  4. ^ Rioux 2005, pp. 194–196.
  5. ^ "Star Trek: Summary". TV.com. Archived from the original on September 24, 2011. Retrieved December 15, 2008. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  6. ^ Trimble 1983, p. 33
  7. ^ Dursin, Andre (November 14, 2006). "Filmation's Star Trek Beams Up: Andy Reviews The Animated Adventures". The Aisle Seat. Archived from the original on October 3, 2011. Retrieved October 19, 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  8. ^ Ayers 2006, p. 232.
  9. ^ List of Star Trek television series at IMDb Edit this at Wikidata
  10. ^ "Star Trek Animated — The animated series". ScienceFictionBuzz.com. Archived from the original on July 16, 2011. Retrieved October 19, 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  11. ^ Star Trek: The Next Generation TV Show Archived October 18, 2011, at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved August 21, 2006.
  12. ^ "Star Trek — A Short History". Archived from the original on December 5, 2010. Retrieved August 21, 2006.
  13. ^ BBC Online — Star Trek: The Next Generation Archived December 31, 2006, at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved August 21, 2006.
  14. ^ "Star Trek: Deep Space Nine". TV.com. Archived from the original on September 10, 2011. Retrieved August 21, 2006. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  15. ^ "STARTREK.COM: Emissary". Archived from the original on October 11, 2010. Retrieved August 21, 2006.
  16. ^ "Review of "Inter Arma Enim Silent Leges"". Archived from the original on April 7, 2003. Retrieved October 29, 2006.
  17. ^ "Trivia for Star Trek: Deep Space Nine". IMDB. Archived from the original on October 20, 2011. Retrieved October 19, 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  18. ^ "RevolutionSF – Star Trek: Voyager : Review". Archived from the original on January 16, 2004. Retrieved August 24, 2006.
  19. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on January 30, 2012. Retrieved 2011-10-19. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) Star Trek: Voyager TV series synopsis URL accessed April 4, 2007
  20. ^ "Star Trek: Enterprise Summary". Starpulse. Archived from the original on September 29, 2007. Retrieved August 24, 2006. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  21. ^ Jolene Blalock's negative reaction is discussed at Lee, Patrick (May 14, 2005). "Star Trek: Enterprise Series Finale". Sci Fi Weekly. Archived from the original on January 1, 2007. Retrieved January 16, 2009. Travis Mayweather's reaction is discussed at Leao, Gustavo (December 17, 2005). "Anthony Montgomery Says "These Are the Voyages..." Not an Effective Finale". TrekWeb. Archived from the original on March 7, 2006. Retrieved October 19, 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help) A negative review (one of many) may be found at Slotek, Jim (May 13, 2005). "Star Trek: E lamely goes away". Toronto Sun. p. E4.
  22. ^ Ausiello, Michael; Roots, Kimberly (August 10, 2016). "Star Trek: Discovery: 'Prime' Setting, Gay Character, Heavy Alien Presence and 11 More Spoilers About CBS Reboot". TVLine. Archived from the original on April 29, 2017. Retrieved April 30, 2017. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  23. ^ Andreeva, Nellie (June 19, 2017). "'Star Trek: Discovery' Gets September Premiere Date On CBS & CBS All Access, Season 1 Split In Two". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on June 20, 2017. Retrieved June 20, 2017. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  24. ^ Frankel, Daniel. "Moonves: Netflix international sales pay for entire 'Star Trek' production cost | FierceCable". www.fiercecable.com. Archived from the original on January 18, 2017. Retrieved January 16, 2017. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
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Sources