Wikipedia:Selected anniversaries/October 12

This is a list of selected October 12 anniversaries that appear in the "On this day" section of the Main Page. To suggest a new item, in most cases, you can be bold and edit this page. Please read the selected anniversaries guidelines before making your edit. However, if your addition might be controversial or on a day that is or will soon be on the Main Page, please post your suggestion on the talk page instead.

Please note that the events listed on the Main Page are chosen based more on relative article quality and to maintain a mix of topics, not based solely on how important or significant their subjects are. Only four to five events are posted at a time and thus not everything that is "most important and significant" can be listed. In addition, an event is generally not posted this year if it is also the subject of the scheduled featured article or picture of the day.

To report an error when this appears on the Main Page, see Main Page errors. Please remember that this list defers to the supporting articles, so it is best to achieve consensus and make any necessary changes there first.

← October 11	October 13 →

Staging area

Images

Use only ONE image at a time

• 
  Edith Cavell
• 
  Christopher Columbus
• 
  An Emerson iron lung
• 
  Jeanne Geneviève Labrosse in her balloon, before her parachute descent
• 
  After the First Battle of Passchendaele
• 
  Werner von Siemens
• 
  Nikita Khrushchev
• 
  Eliud Kipchoge in 2015
• 
  Pervez Musharraf

Ineligible

Blurb	Reason
Our Lady Aparecida's Day and Children's Day in Brazil	Our Lady: unreferenced section; Children's Day: cleanup required, refimprove section
Independence Day in Equatorial Guinea (1968);	A host of citations missing
Feast day of Our Lady of the Pillar in the Philippines and Spain;	Refimprove section
1847 – Werner von Siemens (pictured), a German inventor, founded Siemens & Halske, which later became Siemens, the largest engineering company in Europe.	"largest engineering company" not cited, and article generally poorly referenced
1871 – The Criminal Tribes Act entered into force in British India, giving law enforcement sweeping powers to arrest, control, and monitor the movements of the members of ethnic or social communities that were defined as "habitually criminal".	Referencing gaps
1859 – Self-described "Emperor of the United States and Protector of Mexico" Emperor Norton "ordered" the United States Congress to dissolve.	Moved to 17 September, date of his proclamation
1915 – A German firing squad executed British nurse Edith Cavell for helping Allied soldiers to escape occupied Belgium.	Refimprove section
1964 – The Soviet Voskhod 1 mission became the first multi-person space flight as well as the first without spacesuits.	Refimprove section
1987 – Sri Lankan Civil War: Indian troops mounted a failed assault on the University of Jaffna, which served as the Tamil Tigers' military headquarters.	unreferenced section
1999 – Pakistani general Pervez Musharraf led a military coup against the government of prime minister Nawaz Sharif.	lead too long
2000 – Two suicide bombers attacked the U.S. Navy destroyer USS Cole while it was at anchor in Aden, Yemen, killing 17 of its crew members and injuring 39 others.	unreferenced section
2002 – A series of bombs planted by Islamist militant group Jemaah Islamiyah exploded in Bali, Indonesia, killing 202 people and injuring 209 others.	refimprove
2019 – Eliud Kipchoge became the first person to run marathon distance in under two hours at an event for that purpose in Vienna.	refimprove section, contradictory-inline

Eligible

• 1398 – The Grand Duke of Lithuania Vytautas the Great and the Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights Konrad von Jungingen signed the Treaty of Salynas, the third attempt to cede Samogitia to the Knights.
• 1406 – Chen Yanxiang, the only person from Indonesia known to have visited dynastic Korea, reached Seoul after having set out from Java four months before.
• 1492 – Believing he had reached the East Indies, Christopher Columbus made landfall on an island in the Caribbean, sparking a series of events that led to the European colonization of the Americas.
• 1798 – The Peasants' War began in Overmere, Southern Netherlands, with peasants taking up arms against the French occupiers.
• 1892 – The Pledge of Allegiance of the United States was first used in public schools to coincide with the opening of the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago.
• 1917 – First World War: New Zealand troops suffered more than 2,000 casualties, including more than 800 deaths, in the First Battle of Passchendaele (pictured), making it the nation's largest loss of life in one day.
• 1946 – Il Canto degli Italiani is adopted as national anthem by the newly formed Italian Republic.
• 1960 – Japan Socialist Party leader Inejirō Asanuma was assassinated during a live television recording by a man using a samurai sword.
• 1960 – Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev reportedly pounded his shoe on a desk during a meeting of the United Nations General Assembly in protest at a speech by Philippine delegate Lorenzo Sumulong.
• 1979 – Typhoon Tip, the largest and most intense tropical cyclone ever recorded, reached a worldwide record-low sea-level pressure of 870 mbar (25.69 inHg) in the western Pacific Ocean.
• 1984 – The Provisional Irish Republican Army detonated a bomb at the Grand Hotel in Brighton, England, in a failed attempt to assassinate British prime minister Margaret Thatcher and her cabinet.
• 1992 – An earthquake with a magnitude of 5.8 or 5.9 struck south of Cairo, Egypt, killing 545 people.
• Born/died: | Pope Honorius I |d|638| Thomas Dudley |b|1576| Nicholas Brend |d|1601| Richard Molesworth, 3rd Viscount Molesworth |d|1758| Juan José Castelli |d|1812| Kamini Roy |b|1864| Arthur Harden |b|1865| Aleister Crowley |b|1875| Gilbert Parkhouse |b|1925| Anna Escobedo Cabral |b|1959| Mary Pinchot Meyer |d|1964| Ricky Wilson |d|1985| Sheila Florance |d|1991| Wilt Chamberlain |d|1999|

Notes

• 1492 light sighting appears on October 11, so Christopher Columbus should not appear in the same year.
• Operation Pawan appears on October 11, so Jaffna University Helidrop should not appear in the same year.

October 12

Emerson iron lung

• 1799 – Jeanne Geneviève Garnerin became the first woman to make a parachute descent, falling 900 metres (3,000 ft) in the gondola of a hot air balloon.
• 1890 – The Uddevalla Suffrage Association was founded in Uddevalla, Sweden, with the purpose of bringing about universal suffrage.
• 1928 – The iron lung (example pictured), a type of medical ventilator, was used for the first time at the Boston Children's Hospital to treat an eight-year-old girl paralyzed by polio.
• 1933 – The United States Department of Justice acquired a military prison on Alcatraz Island in San Francisco Bay, to be transformed into the last-resort Alcatraz Federal Penitentiary.
• 2013 – Twelve people were killed in an apartment-building collapse in Medellín, leading to new construction laws being passed in Colombia.

• Demosthenes (d. 322 BC)
• Aleister Crowley (b. 1875)
• Muhammad Shamsul Huq (b. 1912)
• Emily Hale (d. 1969)

More anniversaries:

• October 11
• October 12
• October 13