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Coordinates: 39°24′00″N 47°01′34″E / 39.40000°N 47.02611°E / 39.40000; 47.02611
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| settlement_type = City and municipality
| settlement_type = City and municipality
| image_skyline = Ruins of Cəbrayıl (Jabrayil).jpg
| image_skyline = Ruins of Cəbrayıl (Jabrayil).jpg
| image_caption = Ruins of the city after First Nagorno-Karabakh War.
| image_caption = Ruins of the city after the First Nagorno-Karabakh War
| native_name = Cəbrayıl
| native_name = Cəbrayıl
| other_name =
| other_name =
Line 37: Line 37:
'''Jabrayil''' ({{lang-az|Cəbrayıl}} {{small|{{Audio|Az-Jabrayil.ogg|(listen)|help=no}}}}) is a [[ghost city]] in [[Azerbaijan]].
'''Jabrayil''' ({{lang-az|Cəbrayıl}} {{small|{{Audio|Az-Jabrayil.ogg|(listen)|help=no}}}}) is a [[ghost city]] in [[Azerbaijan]].


Formerly an [[Azerbaijanis|Azerbaijani]] village, later with an [[Armenians|Armenian]] plurality, and eventually with an exclusively Azerbaijani population, it is abandoned since the city's occupation and destruction by ethnic Armenian forces during the [[First Nagorno-Karabakh War]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name="kavkaz" />
Formerly an [[Azerbaijanis|Azerbaijani]] village, later with an [[Armenians|Armenian]] plurality, and eventually with an exclusively Azerbaijani population, it is abandoned since the city's seizure and destruction by local Armenian forces during the [[First Nagorno-Karabakh War]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name="kavkaz" />

It is nominally the administrative capital of [[Azerbaijan]]'s [[Jabrayil District]], though the role is currently ''[[de facto]]'' served by [[Jojug Marjanly]] until the city is rebuilt following its recapture in 2020.{{Citation needed|date=May 2021}}

== Etymology ==
The name ''Jabrayil'' comes from the name of ''Father Jabrayil''{{Dubious|date=May 2021}}, who owned the territories between the Ziyaret mountain and the river [[Aras (river)|Aras]], including the village of Jabrayil.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.virtualkarabakh.az/en/post-item/27/109/jabrayil.html |title=Jabrayil |author=<!--Not stated--> |date= |website=virtualkarabakh.az |publisher= |access-date=25 March 2021 |quote=}}</ref>{{Unreliable source?|date=June 2021}}

== History ==
== History ==
=== Russian Empire ===
=== Russian Empire ===
Line 58: Line 52:
As the administrative center of the eponymous district, Jabrayil developed considerably during the Soviet era and by the beginning of the 1950s, there were two seven-year schools, a secondary school, a cultural centre, summer and winter cinemas, two libraries and a club.<ref>«Джебраил». Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 1950.</ref> The main economic products were butter, cheeses and carpets.<ref>[http://www.cyclopedia.ru/53/196/1905830.html Soviet Encyclopaedia]</ref>
As the administrative center of the eponymous district, Jabrayil developed considerably during the Soviet era and by the beginning of the 1950s, there were two seven-year schools, a secondary school, a cultural centre, summer and winter cinemas, two libraries and a club.<ref>«Джебраил». Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 1950.</ref> The main economic products were butter, cheeses and carpets.<ref>[http://www.cyclopedia.ru/53/196/1905830.html Soviet Encyclopaedia]</ref>


=== Armenian occupation ===
=== Capture by Armenian forces ===
The city was occupied on 23 August 1993 by the [[Political status of Nagorno-Karabakh|self-proclaimed]] [[Republic of Artsakh]]. It was subsequently looted and destroyed by ethnic Armenian forces and has since remained a [[ghost town]].<ref name=BBC>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/episode/m000try1/our-world-who-won-the-karabakh-war |title=Who Won the Karabakh War? |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=26 March 2021 |website=bbc.co.uk |publisher=[[BBC]] |access-date=28 March 2021 |quote=}}</ref> It was renamed '''Jrakan''' (Ջրական), and also called '''Mekhakavan''' (Մեխակավան) and was part of the [[Hadrut Province]] during its existence.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-10-30|title='This Is A Different War': Nagorno-Karabakh Refugee Shudders At Video Showing Neighbors' Execution|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/nagorno-karabakh-refugee-execution-video/30921794.html|access-date=2020-11-24|website=RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-10-26|title=Armenian company: Employee dies, others wounded after blast near storage room in Karabakh's Martuni|url=https://news.am/eng/news/609944.html|access-date=2020-11-24|website=news.am|language=en}}</ref>
The city was seized on 23 August 1993 by the [[Political status of Nagorno-Karabakh|self-proclaimed]] [[Republic of Artsakh]]. It was subsequently looted and destroyed by local Armenian forces and has since remained a [[ghost town]].<ref name=BBC>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/episode/m000try1/our-world-who-won-the-karabakh-war |title=Who Won the Karabakh War? |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=26 March 2021 |website=bbc.co.uk |publisher=[[BBC]] |access-date=28 March 2021 |quote=}}</ref> It was renamed '''Jrakan''' (Ջրական), and also called '''Mekhakavan''' (Մեխակավան) and was part of the [[Hadrut Province]] during its existence.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-10-30|title='This Is A Different War': Nagorno-Karabakh Refugee Shudders At Video Showing Neighbors' Execution|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/nagorno-karabakh-refugee-execution-video/30921794.html|access-date=2020-11-24|website=RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-10-26|title=Armenian company: Employee dies, others wounded after blast near storage room in Karabakh's Martuni|url=https://news.am/eng/news/609944.html|access-date=2020-11-24|website=news.am|language=en}}</ref>


=== Recapture by Azerbaijan ===
=== Recapture by Azerbaijan ===
After 27 years, on 9 October 2020, Azerbaijan regained control of the city during the [[2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war]].<ref>{{cite web | url =https://mod.gov.az/az/news/cebrayil-seherinde-azerbaycan-bayragi-dalgalanir-video-32783.html|title=Cəbrayıl şəhərində Azərbaycan Bayrağı dalğalanır - VİDEO|publisher=Ministry of Defense of Azerbaijan|language=az| date=9 October 2020| access-date =9 October 2020}}</ref>
After 27 years, on 9 October 2020, Azerbaijan regained control of the city during the [[2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war]].<ref>{{cite web | url =https://mod.gov.az/az/news/cebrayil-seherinde-azerbaycan-bayragi-dalgalanir-video-32783.html|title=Cəbrayıl şəhərində Azərbaycan Bayrağı dalğalanır - VİDEO|publisher=Ministry of Defense of Azerbaijan|language=az| date=9 October 2020| access-date =9 October 2020}}</ref>


In the context of the war, on 4 October 2020, [[President of Azerbaijan|Azerbaijani President]] [[Ilham Aliyev]] announced that the [[Azerbaijani Armed Forces]] had taken control of the city following a day-long battle;<ref name=liberate>{{Cite web |url=https://apa.az/en/politics_of_azerbaijan/President-Ilham-Aliyev:-%22Azerbaijani-Army-liberates-Jabrayil-city-and-several-villages-of-the-region%22-332050 |title=President Ilham Aliyev: "Azerbaijani Army liberates Jabrayil city and several villages of the region" |website=APA.az |date=4 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |language=en |quote="Today, the Azerbaijani army liberated the city of Jabrayil and several villages in the region. Love to the Azerbaijani army! Karabakh is Azerbaijan!", President of Azerbaijan Ilham Aliyev wrote this on his Twitter page today, APA reports. }}</ref> however, Shushan Stepanyan, the Press Secretary of the Minister of Defence of Armenia denied this.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://hy.armradio.am/2020/10/04/քիչ-անց-կներկայացնենք-փախուստ-մատաղի/# |title=Քիչ անց կներկայացնենք փախուստ Մատաղիսից վավերագրությունը․ Շուշան Ստեփանյան |language=hy |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=4 October 2020 |website=hy.armradio.com |publisher=Armenian Public Radio |access-date=6 February 2021 |quote=}}</ref> On 5 October, the [[Republic of Artsakh|Artsakhian]] President, [[Arayik Harutyunyan]], claimed that he had visited the city.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.1lurer.am/en/2020/10/05/Fighting-spirit-of-the-boys-and-the-confidence-in-victory-are-just-contagious-Artsakh-President/327462 |title=Fighting spirit of the boys and the confidence in victory are just contagious. Artsakh President |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=5 October 2020 |website=1lurer.am |publisher= |access-date=6 February 2021 |quote=}}</ref> However, on 9 October 2020, footage released by Azerbaijan Ministry of Defence showed Azerbaijani soldiers raising the flag of Azerbaijan in the centre of the ruined city.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://report.az/ru/nagorno-karabakhskiy-konflikt/flag-azerbajdzhana-razvevaetsya-na-osvobozhdennyh-territoriyah-dzhebraila/|title=Флаг Азербайджана развевается на освобожденных территориях Джебраила|language=ru|date=9 October 2020}}</ref> Reporters from [[Euronews]] visited the city on 17 October, confirming Azerbaijani control.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CgfCfOozpiI |title=Съемочная группа Euronews побывала в городе Джебраиле |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=17 October 2020 |website=youtube.com |language=ru |publisher=[[Euronews]] по-русски |access-date=6 February 2021 |quote=}}</ref>
In the context of the war, on 4 October 2020, [[President of Azerbaijan|Azerbaijani President]] [[Ilham Aliyev]] announced that the [[Azerbaijani Armed Forces]] had taken control of the city following a day-long battle;<ref name=liberate>{{Cite web |url=https://apa.az/en/politics_of_azerbaijan/President-Ilham-Aliyev:-%22Azerbaijani-Army-liberates-Jabrayil-city-and-several-villages-of-the-region%22-332050 |title=President Ilham Aliyev: "Azerbaijani Army liberates Jabrayil city and several villages of the region" |website=APA.az |date=4 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |language=en |quote="Today, the Azerbaijani army liberated the city of Jabrayil and several villages in the region. Love to the Azerbaijani army! Karabakh is Azerbaijan!", President of Azerbaijan Ilham Aliyev wrote this on his Twitter page today, APA reports. }}</ref> however, Shushan Stepanyan, the Press Secretary of the Minister of Defence of Armenia denied this.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://hy.armradio.am/2020/10/04/քիչ-անց-կներկայացնենք-փախուստ-մատաղի/# |title=Քիչ անց կներկայացնենք փախուստ Մատաղիսից վավերագրությունը․ Շուշան Ստեփանյան |language=hy |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=4 October 2020 |website=hy.armradio.com |publisher=Armenian Public Radio |access-date=6 February 2021 |quote=}}</ref> On 5 October, the [[Republic of Artsakh|Artsakhian]] President, [[Arayik Harutyunyan]], claimed that he had visited the city.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.1lurer.am/en/2020/10/05/Fighting-spirit-of-the-boys-and-the-confidence-in-victory-are-just-contagious-Artsakh-President/327462 |title=Fighting spirit of the boys and the confidence in victory are just contagious. Artsakh President |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=5 October 2020 |website=1lurer.am |publisher= |access-date=6 February 2021 |quote=}}</ref> However, on 9 October 2020, footage released by Azerbaijan Ministry of Defence showed Azerbaijani soldiers raising the flag of Azerbaijan in the centre of the ruined city.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://report.az/ru/nagorno-karabakhskiy-konflikt/flag-azerbajdzhana-razvevaetsya-na-osvobozhdennyh-territoriyah-dzhebraila/|title=Флаг Азербайджана развевается на освобожденных территориях Джебраила|language=ru|date=9 October 2020}}</ref> Reporters from [[Euronews]] visited the city on 17 October, confirming Azerbaijani control.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CgfCfOozpiI |title=Съемочная группа Euronews побывала в городе Джебраиле |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=17 October 2020 |website=youtube.com |language=ru |publisher=[[Euronews]] по-русски |access-date=6 February 2021 |quote=}}</ref>


The governmental press accompanying President Ilham Aliyev on a visit to recently recaptured Jabrayil on November 2020 reported that except for a newly built military unit, no building was left intact since the capture of the city in 1993.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://caspiannews.com/news-detail/azerbaijani-president-visits-liberated-districts-vows-to-rebuild-damaged-villages-and-cities-2020-11-18-49/ |title=Azerbaijani President Visits Liberated Districts, Vows to Rebuild Damaged Villages and Cities |author=Mushvig Mehdiyev |date=19 November 2020 |website=caspiannews.com |publisher=Caspian News |access-date=6 February 2021 |quote=}}</ref> Several ambassadors who visited the ruined city in February 2021 expressed their shock at the state of the city<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.azernews.az/karabakh/175928.html |title=It's really painful to see such scenes in Jabrayil - Croatian ambassador |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=6 February 2021 |website=azernews.az |publisher=AzerNews |access-date=6 February 2021 |quote=}}</ref> and added that a number of graves had been defaced or dug up.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://apa.az/en/foreign-news/Afghanistans-ambassador-The-sight-we-saw-in-Jabrayil-was-terrible-342070 |title=Afghanistan's ambassador: The sight we saw in Jabrayil was terrible |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=6 February 2021 |website=apa.az |publisher=APA |access-date=6 February 2021 |quote=}}</ref> A BBC report noted that the homes and graves of Azerbaijanis had been completely destroyed during the Armenian occupation.<ref name=BBC />
The governmental press accompanying President Ilham Aliyev on a visit to recently recaptured Jabrayil on November 2020 reported that except for a newly built military unit, no building was left intact since the capture of the city in 1993.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://caspiannews.com/news-detail/azerbaijani-president-visits-liberated-districts-vows-to-rebuild-damaged-villages-and-cities-2020-11-18-49/ |title=Azerbaijani President Visits Liberated Districts, Vows to Rebuild Damaged Villages and Cities |author=Mushvig Mehdiyev |date=19 November 2020 |website=caspiannews.com |publisher=Caspian News |access-date=6 February 2021 |quote=}}</ref> A BBC report claimed that the homes and graves of Azerbaijanis had been completely destroyed during its control by local Armenian forces.<ref name=BBC />


== Zoravor Surp Astvatsatsin church==
== Zoravor Surp Astvatsatsin church==
In 2017, the "Zoravor Holy Mother of God" (St. Mary) <ref>https://asbarez.com/201365/azerbaijan-destroys-another-armenian-church-after-war/</ref> Armenian church was opened at the Armenian military base in Jabrayil.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=3 October 2017|title=Մեխակավան (Ջեբրայիլ) բնակավայրում օծվել է Զորավոր Սուրբ Աստվածածին եկեղեցին (լուսանկարներ)|trans-title=Holy Mother of God Church has been consecrated in the settlement of Mekhakavan (Jabrayil)|url=https://168.am/2017/10/03/851204.html|access-date=2021-03-25|website=168.am}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Kucera |first1=Joshua |title=What happened to the church? |url=https://eurasianet.org/what-happened-to-the-church |access-date=4 April 2021 |agency=Eurasianet |date=26 March 2021}}</ref> Construction of the church drew condemnation from Azerbaijan's Ministry of Foreign Affairs.<ref>{{cite news |title=Azerbaijan says Armenia’s actions contradict basic principles of Christianity |url=https://kaspi.az/en/azerbaijan-says-armenias-actions-contradict-basic-principles-of-christianity |access-date=26 March 2021 |date=5 October 2017}}</ref> In March 2021, the [[BBC]] journalist Jonah Fisher visited the site of the church using geolocation and observed no trace of it remained. When he asked the police escort what happened to the church, the latter initially said that the church was "destroyed during the war" but then when confronted with the fact that videos clearly showed the church was still intact when the area had come under Azerbaijani control, he said that "they [Armenians] destroyed it themselves". When Fisher showed the images to Head of Foreign Policy Affairs Department of the Presidential Administration [[Hikmet Hajiyev]] saying "the church has been destroyed", Hajiyev replied "because it's a proper geolocation I don't know, I need to check", changing the subject to the destruction of Azerbaijani cities by Armenians<ref name=BBC />
In 2017, the "Zoravor Holy Mother of God" (St. Mary) <ref>https://asbarez.com/201365/azerbaijan-destroys-another-armenian-church-after-war/</ref> Armenian church was opened at the Armenian military base in Jabrayil.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=3 October 2017|title=Մեխակավան (Ջեբրայիլ) բնակավայրում օծվել է Զորավոր Սուրբ Աստվածածին եկեղեցին (լուսանկարներ)|trans-title=Holy Mother of God Church has been consecrated in the settlement of Mekhakavan (Jabrayil)|url=https://168.am/2017/10/03/851204.html|access-date=2021-03-25|website=168.am}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Kucera |first1=Joshua |title=What happened to the church? |url=https://eurasianet.org/what-happened-to-the-church |access-date=4 April 2021 |agency=Eurasianet |date=26 March 2021}}</ref> Construction of the church drew condemnation from Azerbaijan's Ministry of Foreign Affairs.<ref>{{cite news |title=Azerbaijan says Armenia’s actions contradict basic principles of Christianity |url=https://kaspi.az/en/azerbaijan-says-armenias-actions-contradict-basic-principles-of-christianity |access-date=26 March 2021 |date=5 October 2017}}</ref> In March 2021, the [[BBC]] journalist Jonah Fisher visited the site of the church using geolocation and observed no trace of it remained. When he asked the police escort what happened to the church, the latter initially said that the church was "destroyed during the war" but then when confronted with the fact that videos clearly showed the church was still intact when the area had come under Azerbaijani control, he said that "they [Armenians] destroyed it themselves". When Fisher showed the images to Head of Foreign Policy Affairs Department of the Presidential Administration [[Hikmet Hajiyev]] saying "the church has been destroyed", Hajiyev replied "because it's a proper geolocation I don't know, I need to check", changing the subject to the purported "destruction of Azerbaijani cities by Armenians".<ref name=BBC />


== Notable people ==
== Notable people ==
Line 77: Line 71:
== Gallery ==
== Gallery ==
<gallery mode="packed" heights="180">
<gallery mode="packed" heights="180">
Djrakan (Djebrail), Memorial Cross, 2014.05.09 - panoramio.jpg|Memorial cross installed by Armenians
File:Djrakan (Djebrail), Memorial Cross, 2014.05.09 - panoramio.jpg|Memorial cross installed after the First Nagorno-Karabakh war
Jabrayil city, Aerial 2.jpg|Aerial view of the ruined city, showing destroyed homes
File:Jabrayil city, Aerial 2.jpg|Aerial view of the ruined city, showing destroyed homes
File:Jabrayil city, Aerial 3.jpg
File:Jabrayil city, Aerial 3.jpg
</gallery>
</gallery>

Revision as of 04:51, 22 July 2021

"Jebrail" redirects here. For the village in Iran, see Jebrail, Iran.

39°24′00″N 47°01′34″E / 39.40000°N 47.02611°E / 39.40000; 47.02611

Jabrayil
Cəbrayıl
City and municipality
Ruins of the city after the First Nagorno-Karabakh War
Ruins of the city after the First Nagorno-Karabakh War
Jabrayil is located in Azerbaijan
Jabrayil
Jabrayil
Coordinates: Template:Xb_type:city 39°24′00″N 47°01′34″E / 39.40000°N 47.02611°E / 39.40000; 47.02611
Country Azerbaijan
DistrictJabrayil
Established1980
Elevation
569 m (1,867 ft)
Population
 (1989)
 • TotalCurrently uninhabited
Pre-war population was 6,070[1]
Time zoneUTC+4 (AZT)

Jabrayil (Azerbaijani: Cəbrayıl (listen)ⓘ) is a ghost city in Azerbaijan.

Formerly an Azerbaijani village, later with an Armenian plurality, and eventually with an exclusively Azerbaijani population, it is abandoned since the city's seizure and destruction by local Armenian forces during the First Nagorno-Karabakh War.[2][3]

History

Russian Empire

Jabrayil was made part of Dzhebrail Uyezd of the Russian Empire in 1868.

According to Caucasus Calendar, population of Jabrayil in 1855 consisted of Shia Tatars (Azerbaijanis), who spoke the Tatar (Azerbaijani) language.[4]

According to the census held in 1897, the population of the Uyezd was 66,360, of which 49,189 (74%) were Turko-Tatars (i.e. Azerbaijanis), 15,746 (24%) were Armenians, 893 (1.3%) were Russians, 398 (0.6%) were Kurds and other minorities.[5]

The village of Jabrayil itself, with a population of 520, had an Armenian plurality: 228 Armenians; 186 Turko-Tatars (Azerbaijanis); 76 Russians.[2]

Soviet Union

According to a Soviet census, the population of Jabrayil District in 1926 was 10,653. No ethnic breakdown is listed for the village itself. Of those in the district 97.2% were Turks (i.e. Azerbaijanis), 105 (1%) were Russians, 57 (0.5%) were Armenians and 24 (0.2%) were Persians.[3] Soviet census of 1979 registered 4825 inhabitants, almost all (99,5 %) ethnic Azerbaijanis.[6] As the administrative center of the eponymous district, Jabrayil developed considerably during the Soviet era and by the beginning of the 1950s, there were two seven-year schools, a secondary school, a cultural centre, summer and winter cinemas, two libraries and a club.[7] The main economic products were butter, cheeses and carpets.[8]

Capture by Armenian forces

The city was seized on 23 August 1993 by the self-proclaimed Republic of Artsakh. It was subsequently looted and destroyed by local Armenian forces and has since remained a ghost town.[9] It was renamed Jrakan (Ջրական), and also called Mekhakavan (Մեխակավան) and was part of the Hadrut Province during its existence.[10][11]

Recapture by Azerbaijan

After 27 years, on 9 October 2020, Azerbaijan regained control of the city during the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war.[12]

In the context of the war, on 4 October 2020, Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev announced that the Azerbaijani Armed Forces had taken control of the city following a day-long battle;[13] however, Shushan Stepanyan, the Press Secretary of the Minister of Defence of Armenia denied this.[14] On 5 October, the Artsakhian President, Arayik Harutyunyan, claimed that he had visited the city.[15] However, on 9 October 2020, footage released by Azerbaijan Ministry of Defence showed Azerbaijani soldiers raising the flag of Azerbaijan in the centre of the ruined city.[16] Reporters from Euronews visited the city on 17 October, confirming Azerbaijani control.[17]

The governmental press accompanying President Ilham Aliyev on a visit to recently recaptured Jabrayil on November 2020 reported that except for a newly built military unit, no building was left intact since the capture of the city in 1993.[18] A BBC report claimed that the homes and graves of Azerbaijanis had been completely destroyed during its control by local Armenian forces.[9]

Zoravor Surp Astvatsatsin church

In 2017, the "Zoravor Holy Mother of God" (St. Mary) [19] Armenian church was opened at the Armenian military base in Jabrayil.[20][21] Construction of the church drew condemnation from Azerbaijan's Ministry of Foreign Affairs.[22] In March 2021, the BBC journalist Jonah Fisher visited the site of the church using geolocation and observed no trace of it remained. When he asked the police escort what happened to the church, the latter initially said that the church was "destroyed during the war" but then when confronted with the fact that videos clearly showed the church was still intact when the area had come under Azerbaijani control, he said that "they [Armenians] destroyed it themselves". When Fisher showed the images to Head of Foreign Policy Affairs Department of the Presidential Administration Hikmet Hajiyev saying "the church has been destroyed", Hajiyev replied "because it's a proper geolocation I don't know, I need to check", changing the subject to the purported "destruction of Azerbaijani cities by Armenians".[9]

Notable people

  • Memorial cross installed after the First Nagorno-Karabakh war
    Memorial cross installed after the First Nagorno-Karabakh war
  • Aerial view of the ruined city, showing destroyed homes
    Aerial view of the ruined city, showing destroyed homes

References

  1. ^ "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность городского населения союзных республик, их территориальных единиц, городских поселений и городских районов по полу". Demoscope.ru (in Russian). 1989. Retrieved 6 October 2020.
  2. ^ a b Первая всеобщая перепись населения Российской Империи, 1897 г. т.63 Елисаветопольская губерния. Н.А.Тройницкий, С.-Петербург, 1904. стр. 138
  3. ^ a b "ДЖЕБРАИЛЬСКИЙ УЕЗД (1926 г.)" [Jabrayil Uyezd (1926)]. Retrieved 4 August 2011.
  4. ^ Кавказский календарь на 1856 год. Тифлис: Канцелярия Кавказского Наместника. 1855. p. 412. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
  5. ^ "Первая всеобщая перепись населения Российской Империи 1897 г. Распределение населения по родному языку и уездам Российской Империи кроме губерний Европейской России" [First All Russian Imperial Census of 1897. Population split according to languages spoken; uyezds of Russian empire except for governorates in European part of empire]. Retrieved 4 August 2011.
  6. ^ Джебраильский район (1979).
  7. ^ «Джебраил». Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 1950.
  8. ^ Soviet Encyclopaedia
  9. ^ a b c "Who Won the Karabakh War?". bbc.co.uk. BBC. 26 March 2021. Retrieved 28 March 2021.
  10. ^ "'This Is A Different War': Nagorno-Karabakh Refugee Shudders At Video Showing Neighbors' Execution". RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty. 30 October 2020. Retrieved 24 November 2020.
  11. ^ "Armenian company: Employee dies, others wounded after blast near storage room in Karabakh's Martuni". news.am. 26 October 2020. Retrieved 24 November 2020.
  12. ^ "Cəbrayıl şəhərində Azərbaycan Bayrağı dalğalanır - VİDEO" (in Azerbaijani). Ministry of Defense of Azerbaijan. 9 October 2020. Retrieved 9 October 2020.
  13. ^ "President Ilham Aliyev: "Azerbaijani Army liberates Jabrayil city and several villages of the region"". APA.az. 4 October 2020. Retrieved 4 October 2020. "Today, the Azerbaijani army liberated the city of Jabrayil and several villages in the region. Love to the Azerbaijani army! Karabakh is Azerbaijan!", President of Azerbaijan Ilham Aliyev wrote this on his Twitter page today, APA reports.
  14. ^ "Քիչ անց կներկայացնենք փախուստ Մատաղիսից վավերագրությունը․ Շուշան Ստեփանյան". hy.armradio.com (in Armenian). Armenian Public Radio. 4 October 2020. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  15. ^ "Fighting spirit of the boys and the confidence in victory are just contagious. Artsakh President". 1lurer.am. 5 October 2020. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  16. ^ "Флаг Азербайджана развевается на освобожденных территориях Джебраила" (in Russian). 9 October 2020.
  17. ^ "Съемочная группа Euronews побывала в городе Джебраиле". youtube.com (in Russian). Euronews по-русски. 17 October 2020. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  18. ^ Mushvig Mehdiyev (19 November 2020). "Azerbaijani President Visits Liberated Districts, Vows to Rebuild Damaged Villages and Cities". caspiannews.com. Caspian News. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  19. ^ https://asbarez.com/201365/azerbaijan-destroys-another-armenian-church-after-war/
  20. ^ "Մեխակավան (Ջեբրայիլ) բնակավայրում օծվել է Զորավոր Սուրբ Աստվածածին եկեղեցին (լուսանկարներ)" [Holy Mother of God Church has been consecrated in the settlement of Mekhakavan (Jabrayil)]. 168.am. 3 October 2017. Retrieved 25 March 2021.
  21. ^ Kucera, Joshua (26 March 2021). "What happened to the church?". Eurasianet. Retrieved 4 April 2021.
  22. ^ "Azerbaijan says Armenia's actions contradict basic principles of Christianity". 5 October 2017. Retrieved 26 March 2021.
  23. ^ "Ахмедов Джамил Мамед оглы". Heroes of the country.
  24. ^ "Кулиев Теймур Имам Кули оглы". Справочник по истории Коммунистической партии и Советского Союза 1898 - 1991.
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