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* [[Madge Easton Anderson]] (1920):<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://theattic.london/2017/07/12/women-in-the-judiciary-in-scotland/|title=Tracking 97 Years of Progress for Women in the Judiciary in Scotland|date=2017-07-12|work=The Attic|access-date=2017-09-27}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.osgoode.yorku.ca/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Five-female-firsts.pdf|title=Five Female Firsts in the UK Legal Profession|last=Mossman|first=Mary Jane|date=2018|website=York University}}</ref> First female solicitor in the United Kingdom (upon being admitted to practice law in [[Scotland]])
* [[Madge Easton Anderson]] (1920):<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://theattic.london/2017/07/12/women-in-the-judiciary-in-scotland/|title=Tracking 97 Years of Progress for Women in the Judiciary in Scotland|date=2017-07-12|work=The Attic|access-date=2017-09-27}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.osgoode.yorku.ca/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Five-female-firsts.pdf|title=Five Female Firsts in the UK Legal Profession|last=Mossman|first=Mary Jane|date=2018|website=York University}}</ref> First female solicitor in the United Kingdom (upon being admitted to practice law in [[Scotland]])
* [[Ada Summers]]:<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://first100years.org.uk/ada-summers/|title=Ada Summers {{!}} First 100 Years|website=first100years.org.uk|access-date=2018-05-26|date=2014-07-10}}</ref> First female to officially become a [[Justice of the peace|Justice of the Peace]] (magistrate) in the United Kingdom (England; 1920)
* [[Ada Summers]]:<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://first100years.org.uk/ada-summers/|title=Ada Summers {{!}} First 100 Years|website=first100years.org.uk|access-date=2018-05-26|date=2014-07-10}}</ref> First female to officially become a [[Justice of the peace|Justice of the Peace]] (magistrate) in the United Kingdom (England; 1920)
* [[Helena Normanton]] (1922):<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":22">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ycqTHWTxuj0C&pg=PA287|title=Women and the Law: A Bibliographical Survey of Legal and Quasi-legal Materials with Special Reference to Commonwealth Caribbean Jurisdictions and Including Relevant Commonwealth Caribbean Legislation and Case Material|last=Brathwaite|first=Joan A.|date=1999|publisher=University of the West Indies Press|isbn=978-976-640-069-9}}</ref> First female [[barrister]] in the United Kingdom (upon being called to the Bar of [[England]] and [[Wales]]). She and [[Rose Heilbron]] became the first female Queen's Counsels in 1949.
* [[Helena Normanton]] (1922):<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":22">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ycqTHWTxuj0C&pg=PA287|title=Women and the Law: A Bibliographical Survey of Legal and Quasi-legal Materials with Special Reference to Commonwealth Caribbean Jurisdictions and Including Relevant Commonwealth Caribbean Legislation and Case Material|last=Brathwaite|first=Joan A.|date=1999|publisher=University of the West Indies Press|isbn=978-976-640-069-9}}</ref> First female [[barrister]] in the United Kingdom (upon being called to the Bar of [[England]] and [[Wales]]). She and [[Rose Heilbron]] became the first female King's Counsels in 1949.
* [[Carrie Morrison]] (1922):<ref name="bbc">{{cite web |title=BBC News &#124; UK &#124; 75 years of women solicitors |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/40448.stm |access-date=2017-11-11 |website=news.bbc.co.uk}}</ref> First female [[solicitor]] in England
* [[Carrie Morrison]] (1922):<ref name="bbc">{{cite web |title=BBC News &#124; UK &#124; 75 years of women solicitors |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/40448.stm |access-date=2017-11-11 |website=news.bbc.co.uk}}</ref> First female [[solicitor]] in England
* [[Ivy Williams]] (1922):<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1ncXAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA542 |title=Bulletin |date=1922}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-05-11 |title=From the archive, 11 May 1922: Ivy Williams, the first Englishwoman barrister |url=https://www.theguardian.com/law/2015/may/11/ivy-williams-first-female-barrister-1922 |access-date=2018-05-22 |website=The Guardian |language=en}}</ref><ref name="oxforddnb">{{cite web |title=Ivy Williams |url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/index/36/101036924/ |access-date=2017-11-11 |website=oxforddnb.com}}</ref> First female barrister called to the Bar of England and Wales. Although she was admitted the same year as [[Helena Normanton]], Williams opted to teach law rather than practice as a barrister.
* [[Ivy Williams]] (1922):<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1ncXAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA542 |title=Bulletin |date=1922}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-05-11 |title=From the archive, 11 May 1922: Ivy Williams, the first Englishwoman barrister |url=https://www.theguardian.com/law/2015/may/11/ivy-williams-first-female-barrister-1922 |access-date=2018-05-22 |website=The Guardian |language=en}}</ref><ref name="oxforddnb">{{cite web |title=Ivy Williams |url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/index/36/101036924/ |access-date=2017-11-11 |website=oxforddnb.com}}</ref> First female barrister called to the Bar of England and Wales. Although she was admitted the same year as [[Helena Normanton]], Williams opted to teach law rather than practice as a barrister.

Revision as of 21:46, 17 February 2023

This is a list of the first women lawyer(s) and judge(s) in Europe. It includes the year in which the women were admitted to practice law (in parentheses). Also included are the first women in their country to achieve a certain distinction such as obtaining a law degree.

KEY

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By country

Albania

Andorra

Austria

Marianne Beth: First female lawyer in Austria (1922)

Belarus

  • Olga Filippovna Sukhanova:[28][29] First female to serve as the Chairperson of the Supreme Court of the BSSR (1936)
  • Isabella Martsinovich:[30] First female to earn a Doctor of Laws (1969) and become a law professor (1971) in Belarus
  • Lilia Vlasova and Natalia Kozyrenko:[31][32][33] First female lawyers to establish a private law practice in post-Soviet Belarus (1990)
  • Valentina Ivanovna Miroshnik:[34] First Belarusian female to serve as a Judge of the Economic Court of the Commonwealth of Independent States (1992)
  • Rimma Ivanovna Filipchik, Podgrusha Valentina Vasilyevna, and Kenik (Khoma) Ksenia Ivanovna:[35] First females to serve as Judges of the Constitutional Court of Belarus (1994)
  • Natalia Iosifovna Andreichik:[36][37] First female to serve as the President of the Belarusian Republican Bar Association (1997)

Belgium

Marie Popelin: First female to earn a doctorate in law in Belgium (1888)
  • Marie Popelin (1888):[38] First female to earn a doctorate in law in Belgium, but denied the right to practice as a lawyer
  • Paule Lemy and Marcelle Renson (1922):[39][40][41][42] The first women who took the oath of lawyer in Belgium
  • Geneviève Janssen-Pevtschin (1937):[43][44][45] First female judge in Belgium (upon her appointment as a Judge of the Brussels Court of First Instance in 1948)
  • Cecile Draps:[46] First female appointed as a lawyer at the Court of Cassation of Belgium (1980)
  • Mrs. Virlee (first name unknown):[47] First female to serve as the Chairperson of a Bar Association (upon becoming the Chairperson of the Dinant Bar in 1980)
  • Irène Pétry:[48][49] First female to serve as a Judge (1984) and President (1991) of the Court of Arbitration of Belgium (Francophone Group) [renamed as the Constitutional Court of Belgium in 2007]
  • Anne Thily [FRA]:[50][51] First female appointed as an Attorney General for a Belgian Court of Appeal (upon her appointment to the Liège Court of Appeal in 1996)
  • Beatrijs Deconinck:[52] First female justice to serve as the First President of the Court of Cassation of Belgium (2019)

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Bulgaria

  • Vera Zlatareva (1945):[62] First female lawyer in Bulgaria
  • Neviana Hristova:[63][64] First female lawyer to become a prosecutor in Bulgaria (1953)
  • Milena Zhabinska:[65] First female to serve as a Judge of Constitutional Court of the Republic of Bulgaria (1991-1994)
  • Yordanka Hadzhineva:[66] First female to serve as a member of the Supreme Judicial Council of Bulgaria (1991)
  • Snezhana Botusharova:[67] First female elected in respect of Bulgaria to serve as a Judge of the European Court of Human Rights (1998-2008)
  • Anya Dimova:[68][69] First female appointed as the Appellate Prosecutor of the Supreme Judicial Council of Bulgaria (2004)
  • Tsanka Tsankova:[70][71] First female to serve temporarily as the Chairperson of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Bulgaria (2012-2013)
  • Galina Zaharova:[72] First female to serve as the Chairperson of the Supreme Court of Cassation of Bulgaria (2022)

Channel Islands

Croatia

Cyprus

Czech Republic

Denmark

Nanna Kristensen-Randers: First female to obtain a legal diploma in Denmark (1887)

Estonia

  • Ilse Zimmermann (1922): First female to graduate with a law degree in Estonia (1922)[120]
  • Margot Viirmann-Kanemägi: First female member of the Estonian Bar Association (1924), though she was not officially registered as a lawyer until 1932[121]
  • Auguste Susi-Tannebaum and Olli Olesk: First females to apply for judicial positions, but were ultimately rejected (1924–1929)[121]
  • Hilda Reimann and Marta Kurfeldt (1930): First female lawyers in Estonia[121]
  • Lyubov Hütsi: First female to serve in a judicial capacity in Estonia (1936) [upon being elected as the Chairman of the Tartu Orphans' Court][121]
  • Lea Kivi and Triinu Vernik: First females appointed as Judges of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Estonia (1993)[122]

Faroe Islands (DNK)

Finland

France

Jeanne Chauvin: First female lawyer to plead a case before the French court (1900)

Germany

Anita Augsburg: First female to earn a law degree in Germany (1897)

Gibraltar (GBR)

  • Pamela Benady (1955):[188][189][190] First female barrister (who was of Jewish descent) in Gibraltar
  • Dorothy Ellicott:[191] First female Justice of the Peace in Gibraltar (1970)
  • Karen Ramagge Prescott (1988):[192][193][194][195] First female judge (a Gibraltarian) in Gibraltar (upon her appointment as a Puisne Justice of the Supreme Court of Gibraltar in 2010). She later became the first female Bencher of the Middle Temple (2017).
  • Gillian Guzman (1994):[196] First female Queen's Counsel (QC) in Gibraltar (2012)
  • Janet Smith (1972):[197][198] First female appointed as a Judge of the Gibraltar Court of Appeal (2017)

Greece

Hungary

Iceland

Ireland

Isle of Man

Italy

Kosovo

Latvia

Liechtenstein

  • Gertrud Beck (1956):[281][282] First female lawyer in Liechtenstein
  • Brigette Feger and Hilda Korner:[283][284][285] First females to serve as Judges of the Constitutional Court of the Principality of Liechtenstein (1985)

Lithuania

Luxembourg

  • Marguerite Welter (1923):[291][292] First female admitted to the Luxembourg Bar, though she ultimately did not practice law
  • Netty Probst (1927):[293][294][295] First female lawyer to actually practice law in Luxembourg. She was also the first female to serve as the Bâtonnière of the Luxembourg Bar Association (1954-1956).
  • Marthe Glesener:[296] First female to apply to become a magistrate in Luxembourg, but was denied (1937)
  • Anne-Marie Courte, Claire Peters and Jeanne Rouff:[296] First females to serve as magistrates in Luxembourg (1961). Rouff later became the first female to serve as a state prosecutor in Luxembourg, as well as the first female President of the Chamber of the Court of Appeals of Luxembourg.[297]
  • Paulette Lenert:[298] First female to serve as a judge and the Deputy Chairperson of the Administrative Court of Luxembourg (1997–2010)
  • Chantal Arens:[299] First French (female) magistrate to serve on the Luxembourg Court of Justice
  • Martine Solovieff:[300][301] First female appointed as the State Attorney General of Luxembourg (2015)

Malta

Moldova

Monaco

  • Laurence Aureglia (1959):[315] First female lawyer in Monaco
  • Ariane Picco-Margossian:[315] First female magistrate in Monaco (upon her appointment as a deputy judge in 1970)
  • Monique François:[316][317] First Monegasque female magistrate appointed as the First President of the Court of Appeal of the Principality of Monaco

Montenegro

An unknown woman became the first female judge in Montenegro in 1954. She had served in the Basic Court.[318]

  • Julija (Julia) Jovanova Lazović:[319] First female to earn a university (law) degree in Montenegro (1906)
  • Ksenija Raičević:[320][321] First female appointed as a Judge of the Constitutional Court of Montenegro
  • Emilija Durutović:[322] First female to serve as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Montenegro
  • Vesna Medenica:[320][321][323] First female appointed as a state prosecutor in Montenegro, as well as the first female President of the Supreme Court of Montenegro (c. 2016)

Netherlands

Elisabeth van Dorp: First female to earn a law degree in the Netherlands, but she did not practice as an attorney (1899)

North Macedonia

  • Gordana Dimitrovska Hristovska Takesz (1983):[336][337][338] First female lawyer in North Macedonia [specifically in Bitola, Pelagonia Region, North Macedonia]
  • Alma Mustafovska-Salimovska:[339] First Roma female lawyer (now registered with the Bar Association of North Macedonia) in the former country of Yugoslavia
  • Branka Ciriviri-Antonovska:[340] First female to serve as a Judge of the Constitutional Court of North Macedonia (1984)
  • Margarita Caca Nikolovska:[341] First Macedonian (female) to serve as a Judge at the European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg (1998)
  • Liljana Ingilizova-Ristova:[340] First female to serve as the President of the Constitutional Court of North Macedonia (2003)
  • Lidija Nedelkova:[342] First female appointed as the President of the Supreme Court of North Macedonia (2012)

Northern Cyprus (CYP)

  • Shefika Hassan Hilmi Durduran (c. 1970s):[343] First Turkish Cypriot woman to have registered to practice law in Northern Cyprus
  • Gönül Başaran Erönen (1975):[89] First female appointed as a Justice of the Northern Cyprus Supreme Court (1994)
  • Emine Dizdarlı:[344] First female Ombudsman of Northern Cyprus (2015)

Norway

Poland

Portugal

Romania

Russia

Anna Evreinova: First female to earn a law degree in Russia (1873)

San Marino

  • Rita Palazzetti (1974):[406] First female lawyer who was awarded the notarial seal in San Marino
  • Maria Lea Pedini-Angelini:[407] First female to serve as a Captain Regent of the Republic of San Marino (1980)[408]
  • Gloria Giardi, Gianna Burgagni, Antonella Annamaria Bonelli, Daniela Della Balda, Anna Maria Lonfemini and Maria Christina Lonfemini (1995):[409][410] First females to register as members of the Order of Lawyers and Notaries in San Marino (Ordine degli Avvocati e Notai della Repubblica di San Marino)
  • Maria Selva:[411][412][413] First female to serve as the President of the Order of Lawyers and Notaries in San Marino (2012). She later became the first female Vice President of the Criminal Chamber of San Marino in 2015 (since the Camera Penale di San Marino's establishment in 2014)
  • Gianna Burgagni:[414] First female to serve as the President of the Criminal Chamber of San Marino (2016)

Serbia

Slovakia

  • Louise Pappova (1925):[421] First female candidate inscribed into the list of advocates in Slovakia[422]
  • Alžbeta Cziglerová Wildmann (1931):[421][423][424] First female lawyer in Slovakia[425]
  • Zdeňka Patschová:[426] First female judge in the 1930s when the country was a part of Czechoslovakia
  • Daniela Švecová:[427][428] First female to serve as the Vice President (2005) and President of the Supreme Court of the Slovak Republic (2014)
  • Ivetta Macejková:[429] First female to serve as the Chief Justice of the Constitutional Court of Slovakia (2007)

Slovenia

Spain

Svalbard and Jan Mayen (NOR)

Sweden

Switzerland

Transnistria (MDA)

Ukraine

United Kingdom

Vatican City (Holy See)

See also

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  393. ^ "Prima femeie magistrat militar este soția pilotului decedat de la Baza Aeriană din Câmpia Turzii" (in Romanian). Retrieved 2018-02-27.
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  408. ^ The duties of the Captain Regent include presiding over the republic's judiciary body Council of XII (Consiglio dei XII).
  409. ^ "Albo avvocati San Marino, consulta l'albo completo dei notai di San Marino | Ordine degli Avvocati e Notai della Repubblica di San Marino". www.avvocati-notai.sm. Retrieved 2021-09-12.
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  419. ^ Покренута смена Нате Месаровић. 91.222.7.182 (in Serbian (Latin script)). Retrieved 2018-05-21.
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  421. ^ a b Gajdoshova, M. (March 17, 2016). "The First Women in the Slovakian Legal Profession: A Cultural Analysis" (PDF).
  422. ^ Pappova was registered in the Bar Association of the Bar of Turcianski of St. Martin in Slovakia.
  423. ^ "Naša advokácia, JUDr. Peter Kerecman, PhD". nasaadvokacia.sk. Retrieved 2016-10-06.
  424. ^ "slovenskej advokácie bulletin Pozvánka Slovenské dni práva 13. a Neprehliadnite! Súťaž o najlepšiu esej - PDF". docplayer.net. Retrieved 2019-08-14.
  425. ^ Zieglerov was the first female student in the Faculty of Law and the first female lawyer registered to practice in Kosice, Slovakia.
  426. ^ Feinberg, Melissa (April 2006). Elusive Equality: Gender, Citizenship, and the Limits of Democracy in Czechoslovokia, 1918-1950. University of Pittsburgh Press. ISBN 978-0-8229-7103-0.
  427. ^ "Prvá žena podpredsedníčkou Najvyššieho súdu SR". www.etrend.sk (in Slovak). Retrieved 2019-08-14.
  428. ^ "Verejné vypočutie absolvovala šéfka najvyššieho súdu Daniela Švecová". Topky.sk. 2019-01-25. Retrieved 2019-08-14.
  429. ^ "Ústavný súd povedie Ivetta Macejková". domov.sme.sk (in Slovak). Retrieved 2019-02-14.
  430. ^ Mladenić, Dunja (November 2007). "Biti Ali Ne Biti Ženska V Znanosti" (PDF).
  431. ^ Golčman, Metka (February 2009). "Ženske v slovenski literaturi in družbi" (PDF).
  432. ^ Šelih, Alenka; Antić, Milica G.; Puhar, Alenka; Rener, Tanja; Šuklje, Rapa; Verginella, Marta; Verginella, Marta; Tavčar, Lidija (2007). Pozabljena polovica : portreti žensk 19. in 20. stoletja na Slovenskem (in Slovenian). Ljubljana: Tuma. ISBN 978-961-6682-01-5. OCLC 449282634.
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  436. ^ Hlastec was an ongoing president, as she began heading the Supreme Court of Slovenia beginning in 1981.
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  440. ^ "Urmla je Zdenka Cerar". www.24ur.com (in Slovenian). Retrieved 2018-05-31.
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  444. ^ "Una feminista contra el sufragio femenino, Victoria Kent (1889-1987)". Retrieved 2021-09-10.
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  446. ^ Herrera, Alejandra; Valero, Vida (2005). "El Fenómeno Teatral y María Luisa ALgarra: Analisis de Sombra de Alas" (PDF). Tema y Variaciones de Literatura. 23.
  447. ^ Tema y variaciones de literatura (in Spanish). Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Azcapotzalco, División de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades. 2003.
  448. ^ Bonamusa, Francesc (1977). Andreu Nin y el movimiento comunista en España: 1930-1937 (in Spanish). Editorial Anagrama. ISBN 978-84-339-1105-6.
  449. ^ a b c "La Historia no Contada | UP Albacete". www.upalbacete.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 2018-05-07.
  450. ^ a b Osuna, Federico Vázquez (2009). "Las primeras mujeres juezas y fiscales españolas(1931-1939): Las juristas pioneras" (PDF). ARENAL. 16:1: 133–150.
  451. ^ Casas was also the first female called to the Bar Association of Albacete.
  452. ^ "Ha fallecido Maria Luisa Suarez, Fundadora de despachos laboralistas en la etapa franquista y militante comunista". www.profesionalespcm.org. Retrieved 2019-01-10.
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  456. ^ "TC celebra Día de la Mujer recordando a Gloria Begué, su primera magistrada". La Vanguardia. Retrieved 2018-03-19.
  457. ^ Begue was also the first female law professor (1964) and Dean of the Faculty of Law (1969) at the University of Salamanca in Salamanca, Spain.
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  459. ^ "Jura su cargo Milagros Calvo, la primera mujer que accede al Tribunal Supremo". El País (in Spanish). 2002-02-18. ISSN 1134-6582. Retrieved 2018-05-07.
  460. ^ "María Emilia Casas Baamonde: de la docencia al máximo poder judicial". www.elmundo.es. Retrieved 2019-05-18.
  461. ^ "Ángela Murillo, la juez que no puede permanecer callada". www.elmundo.es. Retrieved 2018-05-07.
  462. ^ Tiempo de hoy (in Spanish). Ediciones Tiempo, S.A. 2008.
  463. ^ "La primera mujer fiscal general del Estado, Consuelo Madrigal, promete su cargo ante el Rey". eldiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 2018-03-16.
  464. ^ "Toma posesión la primera mujer en la Sala Militar del Supremo". El País (in Spanish). 2009-09-08. ISSN 1134-6582. Retrieved 2018-04-27.
  465. ^ "María Elósegui, la primera jueza española en el Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos" (in European Spanish). Retrieved 2018-03-19.
  466. ^ Rodella, Francesco (2018-01-14). "Por primera vez una abogada gitana representará a España contra el racismo en el Consejo de Europa". El País (in Spanish). ISSN 1134-6582. Retrieved 2018-10-01.
  467. ^ "María Luisa Segoviano, primera mujer en ocupar una presidencia de Sala en el Tribunal Supremo". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). 2020-09-30. Retrieved 2021-02-11.
  468. ^ The Irish Jurist and Local Government Review: A Journal Devoted to the Interests of the Law and Local Government in Ireland. Dollard Limited. 1904.
  469. ^ "skbl.se - Anna Maria Pettersson". skbl.se. Retrieved 2019-08-04.
  470. ^ Streeten, Paul (2013-11-05). Value in Social Theory. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-136-22693-9.
  471. ^ Riksdagens protokoll vid lagtima riksmötet (in Swedish). Isaac Marcus. 1929.
  472. ^ "Historia - Högsta domstolen". www.hogstadomstolen.se (in Swedish). 2012-12-19. Retrieved 2018-05-25.
  473. ^ "skbl.se - Hedvig Anna-Lisa Vinberg". skbl.se. Retrieved 2019-08-04.
  474. ^ "Advokaten - Petra Lundh blir första kvinnan som RÅ". www.advokaten.se. Retrieved 2019-08-04.
  475. ^ Regeringskansliet, Regeringen och (2018-07-12). "Ny riksåklagare och chef för Åklagarmyndigheten". Regeringskansliet (in Swedish). Retrieved 2019-08-04.
  476. ^ Ludi, regula. "Anna Mackenroth". Dictionnaire Historique de la Suisse. Retrieved 17 November 2017.
  477. ^ "Dora Labhart-Roeder". Hommage 2021. Retrieved 2021-08-22.
  478. ^ "Le droit de plaider, première victoire des femmes de Suisse, grâce à l'avocate Dora Roeder". Le Temps (in French). 2021-06-13. ISSN 1423-3967. Retrieved 2021-08-22.
  479. ^ Witzig, Heidi; Bräuniger, Renate (2003). Blütenweiss bis rabenschwarz: St. Galler Frauen--200 Porträts (in German). Limmat. ISBN 978-3-85791-444-7.
  480. ^ "Ita Maria Eisenring ist tot". St.Galler Tagblatt (in German). Retrieved 2017-12-04.
  481. ^ "Richterin der ersten Stunde". St.Galler Tagblatt (in German). Retrieved 2017-12-04.
  482. ^ "Schutzfaktor M - Margrith Bigler-Eggenberger". meine-geschichte.schutzfaktor-m.ch (in German). Retrieved 2018-06-04.
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  484. ^ Freiburg, Etat de Fribourg / Staat. "Départ à la retraite de Mme Anne Colliard, procureure générale". www.fr.ch (in French). Retrieved 2018-05-31.
  485. ^ Duvillard, Laureline (May 19, 2011). "Les magistrates s'imposent, pas les avocates ("The magistrates are needed, not the lawyers")". SWI swissinfo.ch (in French). Retrieved 2018-05-31.
  486. ^ ""Die Verantwortung war riesig": Die erste Geheimdienstrichterin der Schweiz zieht Bilanz". az Aargauer Zeitung (in Swiss High German). Retrieved 2019-04-12.
  487. ^ "Professora Suíça torna-se a Primeira Mulher Juíza Ad Hoc do Tribunal Internacional do Direito do Mar". IBDMAR (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2019-08-28. Retrieved 2021-02-14.
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  491. ^ ПИСАТЕЛЬНИЦЫ РОССИИ (материалы для биобиблиографического словаря) Составитель Ю. А. Горбунов (in Russian)
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  494. ^ "IX З'їзд Спілки адвокатів України обрав нового Президента, ним став Ламах Тарас". Інтерфакс-Україна (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 2021-09-17.
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  496. ^ "Валерія Пшеничного і Сюзанну Станік обрано заступниками голови Конституційного Суду України". September 27, 2006.
  497. ^ "Анна Юдковская". ФОКУС (in Russian). 27 October 2011. Retrieved 2019-08-13.
  498. ^ "Новим головою Верховного суду України обрали Валентину Данішевську". 24 Канал. Retrieved 2019-04-16.
  499. ^ "Хто така нова голова Верховного Суду України Валентина Данішевська". hromadske.ua (in Ukrainian). 30 November 2017. Retrieved 2019-04-16.
  500. ^ "Наталя Шаптала: що відомо про першу жінку - голову Конституційного суду України". nv.ua. Retrieved 2019-07-30.
  501. ^ "Ukrainian Investigative Director Who Clashed With Activists Approved As Prosecutor-General". RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty. Retrieved 2020-04-24.
  502. ^ Atlantis. Acadia University. 1989.
  503. ^ Murray, Janet Horowitz; Stark, Myra (2016-12-19). The Englishwoman's Review of Social and Industrial Questions: 1889. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-315-40140-9.
  504. ^ "First women LLBs centenary | Scots Law News". Sln.law.ed.ac.uk. 2009-04-04. Retrieved 2018-02-28.
  505. ^ "100 Years of Women in Law". Archive.li. 2009-05-14. Archived from the original on 2009-05-14. Retrieved 2018-02-28.
  506. ^ Women Lawyers' Journal. National Association of Women Lawyers. 1911.
  507. ^ "'She is beautiful but she is Indian': The student who became a Welsh bard at 19". BBC News. 2020-12-28. Retrieved 2021-06-09.
  508. ^ "Tracking 97 Years of Progress for Women in the Judiciary in Scotland". The Attic. 2017-07-12. Retrieved 2017-09-27.
  509. ^ a b Mossman, Mary Jane (2018). "Five Female Firsts in the UK Legal Profession" (PDF). York University.
  510. ^ "Ada Summers | First 100 Years". first100years.org.uk. 2014-07-10. Retrieved 2018-05-26.
  511. ^ Brathwaite, Joan A. (1999). Women and the Law: A Bibliographical Survey of Legal and Quasi-legal Materials with Special Reference to Commonwealth Caribbean Jurisdictions and Including Relevant Commonwealth Caribbean Legislation and Case Material. University of the West Indies Press. ISBN 978-976-640-069-9.
  512. ^ "BBC News | UK | 75 years of women solicitors". news.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 2017-11-11.
  513. ^ Bulletin. 1922.
  514. ^ "From the archive, 11 May 1922: Ivy Williams, the first Englishwoman barrister". The Guardian. 2015-05-11. Retrieved 2018-05-22.
  515. ^ "Ivy Williams". oxforddnb.com. Retrieved 2017-11-11.
  516. ^ Ewan, Elizabeth L.; Innes, Sue; Reynolds, Sian; Pipes, Rose (2006-03-08). The Biographical Dictionary of Scottish Women. Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-2660-1.
  517. ^ "Agnes Twiston Hughes | First 100 Years". first100years.org.uk. 2016-11-30. Retrieved 2017-09-27.
  518. ^ Wright, Rosalind (January 3, 2020). "The Jewish women who were among the first to seize the opportunity to be lawyers". www.thejc.com. Retrieved 2022-03-23.
  519. ^ Woollacott, Angela (2006-01-24). Gender and Empire. Macmillan International Higher Education. ISBN 978-0-230-20485-0.
  520. ^ "First Chinese Woman". Register (Adelaide, SA : 1901 - 1929). 1926-12-31. p. 13. Retrieved 2020-05-13.
  521. ^ "The First Chinese Woman to pass the final examination for admission as a solicitor in England". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 2020-05-13.
  522. ^ Bourne, Judith (2016-11-30). Helena Normanton and the Opening of the Bar to Women. Waterside Press. ISBN 978-1-909976-32-0.
  523. ^ Rackley, Erika (2013). Women, Judging and the Judiciary: From Difference to Diversity. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-54861-8.
  524. ^ Godfrey, Barry; Lawrence, Paul (2014-11-20). Crime and Justice Since 1750. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-61805-7.
  525. ^ McNamara, Maedhbh; Mooney, Paschal (2000). Women in Parliament: Ireland, 1918-2000. Wolfhound Press. ISBN 978-0-86327-759-7.
  526. ^ Hill, Myrtle (2003). Women in Ireland: A Century of Change. Blackstaff. ISBN 978-0-85640-740-6.
  527. ^ "Dame Rose Heilbron". Daily Telegraph. 2005-12-10. ISSN 0307-1235. Retrieved 2018-05-26.
  528. ^ New thinking for new times. Democratic Dialogue. 1995. ISBN 978-1-900281-00-3.
  529. ^ "Eilis McDermott: From student radical to inquisitor-in-chief of Gerry Adams". BelfastTelegraph.co.uk. ISSN 0307-1235. Retrieved 2017-12-27.
  530. ^ "Woman tops barrister earnings list - Independent.ie". Independent.ie. Retrieved 2017-12-27.
  531. ^ "Tributes as Derry judge Corinne Philpott dies". The Irish News. 18 June 2016. Retrieved 2018-03-03.
  532. ^ "Judge and former city recorder dies". BBC News. 2016-06-17. Retrieved 2018-03-03.
  533. ^ Dyer, Clare (2002-07-02). "Harriet Harman on her first year as solicitor general". The Guardian. Retrieved 2018-05-31.
  534. ^ "McConnell's cabinet: At-a-glance". 2003-05-20. Retrieved 2018-12-14.
  535. ^ "Timeline | First 100 Years". first100years.org.uk. 2015-09-16. Retrieved 2018-05-22.
  536. ^ Holton, Viki; Dent, Fiona Elsa (2012-04-17). Women In Business: Navigating Career Success. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-230-28280-3.
  537. ^ "Commonwealth Secretary-General | The Commonwealth". thecommonwealth.org. 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2018-03-16.
  538. ^ Siddique, Haroon (2017-07-21). "Brenda Hale appointed as UK supreme court's first female president". The Guardian. Retrieved 2018-05-28.
  539. ^ "Female judges appointed to NI High Court for first time". The Irish Times. Retrieved 2017-12-27.
  540. ^ "First women NI High Court judges". BBC News. 2015-10-23. Retrieved 2017-12-27.
  541. ^ "Female High Court judges - QUB". daro.qub.ac.uk. Retrieved 2017-12-27.
  542. ^ "Mrs Justice Siobhan Keegan appointed North's first female chief justice". The Irish Times. Retrieved 2021-09-08.
  543. ^ "Dr. Silvia Monica Correale, Postulator". 2013-06-28. Retrieved 2016-09-29.
  544. ^ "Focolare President". Focolare Movement. 2011-02-15. Retrieved 2016-09-29.
  545. ^ "Papa Francisco nomeia primeira mulher com direito a voto no Sínodo dos Bispos". PSDB Mulher. February 2021.
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