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[[Anarchist]] terrorist groups aim to attack targets to create a state of [[anarchy]]. As such, they have largely been anti-[[imperialism]], anti-[[corporatism]] and anti-[[government]].
[[Anarchist]] terrorist groups aim to attack targets to create a state of [[anarchy]]. As such, they have largely been anti-[[imperialism]], anti-[[corporatism]] and anti-[[government]].
* '''[[Black Star (terrorist group)|Black Star]]'''<ref name="MIPT"/> - Greece
* '''[[Black Star (terrorist group)|Black Star]]'''<ref name="MIPT"/> - Greece
*'''[[pm5 terrorist faction]]'''<ref name="MIPT"/> - America


== Left-wing ==
== Left-wing ==

Revision as of 21:23, 28 July 2008

Part of a series on
Terrorism
By ideology
Religious
Special-interest / Single-issue
Related topics
Structure
  • Methods
  • Tactics
Terrorist groups
Adherents
State terrorism
State-sponsored terrorism
Response to terrorism

Many organizations that are accused of being a terrorist organization deny using terrorism as a military tactic to achieve their goals, and there is no international consensus on the bureaucratic definition of terrorism. Therefore, this list is of organizations that are, or have been in the past, designated as "terrorist organizations" by other notable organizations, including the United Nations and national governments, where the proscription has a significant impact on the group's activities.[1]

This listing does not include states or governmental organizations, which are considered under state terrorism, or unaffiliated individuals accused of terrorism, which are considered under lone wolf terrorism. This list also excludes groups that are widely considered terrorist, but who are not officially so designated according to the criteria specified above.

Religious

Religious terrorism is a form of religious violence. As with other forms of terrorism, there is no real consensus as to its definition. Groups are frequently classified as practitioners of religious terrorism for any one of the following reasons:

  • The group itself is defined by religion rather than by other factors (such as ideology or ethnicity).
  • Religion plays some part in defining or determining the objectives or methods of the group.
  • The ultimate objective of the group is religiously defined.

Controversy concerning classification is often found because:

  • Religion and ethnicity frequently coincide. Ethnic conflict may thus appear as religious, or religious conflict may appear as ethnic.
  • Religious groups, like other groups, frequently pursue political goals. In such cases it is often not clear which is uppermost, the political goal or the religious motivation.

Groups which have used principal religious motives for their terrorist acts and were deemed as such by supranational organizations and governments are listed here in alphabetical order by religion.

Islamic

These groups have generally demanded the introduction of sharia law in various countries and the destruction of those seen to be "enemies of Islam" by these groups, including zionism and secularism.

Christian

Christian terrorist organizations are generally right wing in nature. They are often anti-abortion.

Jewish

Zionist

ETA

Sikh

All of these groups demand a Khalistan (Land of the Pure) in the Indian state of Punjab and adjoining areas for Sikhs. Most have a variable amount of support from Sikhs abroad and have been in existence since the 1980s. Many have been weakened and have cut down on activities, yet they continue. The militancy in Punjab has claimed approximately 100,000 lives, according to estimates put forward by Amnesty International: this figure involves killings by both Sikh militants and the Indian forces. With the exception of the first two, the other groups have only been proscribed in India.

Other religious terrorism

Nationalistic

Nationalist terrorism involves committing terrorism in support of a certain nation, usually to gain independence from another nation, such as Northern Ireland from the UK or the Basque country from Spain.

Irish Nationalists

These groups demand the independence of Northern Ireland from the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, to either join the Republic of Ireland or become a separate state. They are usually Catholic and Irish nationalist.

Ulster Unionists/Loyalists

These groups demand that Northern Ireland stay a part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland in opposition to the Irish nationalists. They are usually Protestant.

Arab

These groups promote pan-Arabism, in particularly the support of the Palestinian people and the destruction of the state of Israel. They are often Islamic centred, though others are communist.

Main article: Palestinian political violence
Main page: Category:Palestinian militant groups

Kurdish

Other

Anarchist

Anarchist terrorist groups aim to attack targets to create a state of anarchy. As such, they have largely been anti-imperialism, anti-corporatism and anti-government.

Left-wing

Left-wing terrorist organizations aim to promote leftism by attacking right wing targets. Specific groups may claim to be liberal, socialist or communist, or of one specific form of these.

Right-wing

Right-wing terrorists aim to promote rightism by targeting left wing targets (such as Socialists and Communists). They may belong to any particular right wing group, such as imperialist, capitalist or fascist. However, this list differentiates between conventional right-wing politics organizations and organizations that subscribe to racist or ethnic supremacist ideologies, with such organizations listed under "ethnic terrorism."

Ethnic

White Suprematist

Other

Others

Eco-terrorism

See also

References

  1. ^ European Union. "Common Position 2005/847/CFSP" (PDF). Retrieved 2006-07-03.
    * United States Department of State. "Terrorist Exclusion List". Retrieved 2006-07-03.
    * United States Department of State. "Foreign Terrorist Organizations (FTOs)". Retrieved 2006-07-03.
    * United Kingdom Home Office. "Proscribed terrorist groups". Retrieved 2006-07-03.
    * Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness Canada. "Entities list". Retrieved 2006-07-03.
    * Australian Government. "Listing of Terrorist Organisations". Retrieved 2006-07-03.
    * Arab Times (Kuwait). "Terror' list out; Russia tags two Kuwaiti groups". Retrieved 2006-08-02.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs MIPT Terrorism Knowledge Base HTTP Error 404 - File or directory not found.
  3. ^ China issues first ever list of "terrorist" groups, World Tibet Network News, 2003-12-15
  4. ^ "Designation of Fatah al-Islam under Executive Order 13224". US State Department. 13 August 2007. Retrieved 2007-12-05.
  5. ^ Mitchell, Thomas G. (2002). Indispensable traitors: Liberal Parties in Settler Conflicts. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 113. The British, the Jewish Agencies, the Arabs and most of the West labelled the Irgun a terrorist organisation.
  6. ^ "Stern Gang" A Dictionary of World History. Oxford University Press, 2000. Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press.
  7. ^ Ralph Bunche report on assassination of UN mediator 27th Sept 1948, "notorious terrorists long known as the Stern group"
  8. ^ Home Office
  9. ^ 22 USC 5201(b) - "Therefore, the Congress determines that the PLO and its affiliates are a terrorist organization and a threat to the interests of the United States, its allies, and to international law and should not benefit from operating in the United States."
  10. ^ Public Law 100-204 regarding the PLO. [1]
  11. ^ Country Reports on Terrorism, 2006
  12. ^ Designation of National Council of Resistance and National Council of Resistance of Iran under Executive Order 13224
  13. ^ RESISTANCE GROUP CLAIMS EVIDENCE OF IRANIAN BOMB AMBITIONS
  14. ^ "Europe wary of banning parties". BBC News. 28 August 2002. Retrieved 2007-12-05. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  15. ^ Schmid, Alex (2005). Political terrorism: a new guide to actors, authors, concepts, data bases, theories, and literature. Transaction Publishers. p. 544. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help); line feed character in |coauthors= at position 2 (help)
  16. ^ "Greek far-left group placed on EU 'terrorist' blacklist". EUbusiness. 29 June 2007. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
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