Mid-air collision: Difference between revisions
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Revision as of 22:06, 27 January 2011
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (September 2009) |
A mid-air collision is an aviation accident in which two or more aircraft come into contact during flight. Owing to the relatively high velocities involved and any subsequent impact on the ground or sea, very severe damage or the total destruction of at least one of the aircraft involved usually results. The chance of surviving a major mid-air collision is virtually nil in the absence of ejector seats and parachutes, as indicated below, although occasionally this rule may be violated (as on 1965 Carmel mid-air collision).
The potential for a mid-air collision is increased by miscommunication, error in navigation, and deviations from flight plans. Albeit a rare occurrence due to the vastness of open space available, collisions can and have happened near or at airports, due to the large volume of aircraft and closer spacing compared to general flight.
First recorded mid air collision
The first recorded collision between air-planes occurred at the 'Milano Circuito Aereo Internazionale' meeting held between 24 September and 3 October 1910 in the city of Milan, Italy. On 3 October Rene Thomas of France in an Antionette monoplane collided with Captain Bertram Dickson of the British army in a Farman biplane by ramming him in the rear.[1] Both pilots survived but Dickson was so badly injured he never flew again.[2][3][4]
Recent efforts to prevent military collisions in the United States
There are many types and causes of mid-air collisions. On some occasions, military aircraft conducting training flights inadvertently collide with civilian aircraft. Before 1958, civilian air traffic controllers guiding civilian flights and military controllers guiding military aircraft were both unaware of the other's aircraft.
The 1958 collision between United Airlines Flight 736 and a fighter jet, as well as another U.S. military/civilian crash one month later involving Capital Airlines Flight 300, hastened the signing of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 into law. The act created the Federal Aviation Agency (later renamed the Federal Aviation Administration), and provided unified control of airspace for both civil and military flights.
In 2005, as part of an effort to reduce such military/civilian mid-air collisions in U.S. airspace, the Air National Guard Flight Safety Division, led by Lt Col Edward Vaughan, used the Disruptive Solutions Process to create the See and Avoid web portal. In late 2006, the U.S. Defense Safety Oversight Council (DSOC) recognized and funded the site as its official civil/military midair collision prevention website, with participation by all the services.
In 2008, this site is expected to expand to include international airspace where U.S. military aircraft operate.[citation needed]
List of notable civilian mid-air collisions
List of notable military mid-air collisions
See also
- Automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B)
- Aviation accidents and incidents
- Disruptive Solutions Process
- Near miss
- Portable Collision Avoidance System (PCAS)
- Traffic Collision Avoidance System (TCAS)
- List of mid air collisions and mid air incidents in the United Kingdom
References
- ^ Villard, Henry Serrano (January 1, 1968). CONTACT! The Story of the Early Birds Man's first decade of flight from Kitty Hawk to World War I. Thomas Y. Crowell Co.
- ^ "Aeroplanes in Collision". Popular Mechanics: page 91. January 1911.
{{cite journal}}:|pages=has extra text (help) - ^ "The Milan Aviation Meeting, Italy, 1910". Science Museum Pictorial. Science and Society Picture Library. 1910. Retrieved 13 January 2011.
- ^ "Continental Flight Meetings". Flight: page 828 – 829. 8 October 1910.
...the Antoinette monoplane crashed on to the biplane, both machines falling to earth a mass of broken planes and tangled wires.
{{cite journal}}:|pages=has extra text (help) - ^ "NTSB Report FTW86MA001A". National Transportation Safety Board. Retrieved 2009-09-04.
- ^ Steve McGonigle & Ed Housewright (1985-10-02). "Five Killed as Planes Collide over Dallas". The Dallas Morning News.
- ^ "NTSB Report CHI05FA055B". National Transportation Safety Board. Retrieved 2010-08-02.
External links
- Analysis of Mid-Air Collisions, One of the most hazardous consequences of a loss of separation between aircraft, including as a result of a level bust, is a mid-air collision SKYbrary
- Indepth Backgrounder: Mid-air collision, CBC
- SeeAndAvoid, DoD Civil-Military Midair Collision Prevention Portal
- Interactive Web Site Helps Pilots ‘See and Avoid’ Midair Collisions, DefenseLink Press Release
- Low Altitude Military Aircraft Deconfliction Webtool