Dead Space

This article is about the franchise. For the video game, see Dead Space (video game). For other uses, see Dead space (disambiguation).

Dead Space
File:Dead Space logo.jpg Dead Space series logo (2010-present)
Genre(s)	Survival horror
Developer(s)	Visceral Games
Publisher(s)	Electronic Arts
Creator(s)	Glen Schofield
Platform(s)	Android, iOS, PlayStation 3, Xbox 360, Microsoft Windows, Wii
First release	Dead Space October 13, 2008
Latest release	Dead Space 3 February 5, 2013

Dead Space is a horror media franchise created by Glen Schofield, developed by Visceral Games and published by Electronic Arts. The franchise centers on a series of video games, and includes two films and a comic book series. The series began in 2008 as an eponymous video game aimed at creating, in Schofield's words, "the most terrifying game we could acquire"; the game was a success and spawned a prequel and later a sequel released in 2011.

Each installment in the Dead Space series is a continuation or addition to a continuing storyline which began with the release of the original game. The game is set in a 26th-century science fiction universe featuring environments, weapons and characters typical of the genre. The series' chronology is not presented in a linear format, with sections of the story line presented in the form of either prequels or sequels, and in different media aside from video games. Generally speaking, the series focuses on an engineer named Isaac Clarke and the horrors that surround him.

The series has been commercially and critically successful, selling over 10 million copies; the first game and its sequel received widely positive reviews from the majority of critics and the first game has received a number of industry awards for many different elements of its gameplay and development.

Gameplay

The Dead Space games are survival horrors, with the player character visible at all times. All menu interfaces are diegetic, produced by the character's "Resource Integration Gear" spacesuit for ease of communication with other characters. For instance, the character's hit point meter, built into the spine of his suit, is intended to allow co-workers to monitor his health, and when the character moves into depressurized areas, a readout on his back displays his remaining seconds of oxygen. All sound is removed from gameplay during these segments save those which would be transferred to the character's ears by the vibrations of his RIG, such as rounds fired from his weapon. Since the menus are diegetic, opening them does not pause gameplay.

The character's RIG can be outfitted with two special abilities for use in combat and puzzle-solving. The "Kinesis" module allows the character to retrieve, levitate and transport objects, often heavier or more distant ones than could be accessed normally. These objects may also be expelled at high speed for use as improvised projectiles. The "Stasis" module causes its target to undergo an extreme slowdown for a short period of time, allowing characters to dart through rapidly moving obstacles such as fan blades, or hinder onrushing enemies. The RIG also has a slot-based inventory for carrying weapons, ammunition, healing items and other objects.

Gunplay is influenced by the franchise's antagonists. Because Necromorphs are re-animated and re-purposed corpses, lacking dependence on nervous, respiratory and circulatory systems, the conventions of stopping power are largely irrelevant to them. Thus, instead of targeting foes' heads or center of mass, players are encouraged to engage in "strategic dismemberment" by shooting off their arms and legs. Some Necromorphs can be easily defeated in this manner, but others may change attack patterns or even spawn entirely new enemies when slain. Relatedly, the game's weapons are characterized as being repurposed power tools or mining implements, such as plasma cutters, rotary saws and gravitic repulsion tools, though an increasing amount of dedicated military ordnance becomes available as the franchise progresses. Ammunition tends to be uncommon, thus necessitating careful usage of the tools at hand.

In the first two games, RIGs and weapons can be upgraded at bench workstations. Players can also visit vending machines to buy or sell items for in-game currency, and upload new schematics to those stores in order to unlock new items. This was changed in the third installment, where the store was scrapped entirely; new "Suit Kiosks" allow the player to upgrade their RIG, and bench functionality was expanded to allow players to craft their own weapons, often by cobbling together parts and resources scavenged through gameplay.

Each type of necromorph has a unique way of slaying the player character, customized to whatever claws, blades, fangs or probosces they happen to possess.

Synopsis

Setting

The Dead Space games are set in the future, where humanity has been able to colonize other planets. By the 23rd century, humanity has used up most of Earth's natural resources, and the world governing body, EarthGov, has fleets of "planet crackers", giant mining spaceships that harvest resources by breaking apart other planets, to gather materials for humanity to sustain itself.

During the 23rd century, EarthGov researchers find an alien artifact in the Chicxulub crater, which they call the Marker. The Marker emits a persistent electromagnetic field from seemingly no source, which researchers believe could be used to provide limitless energy and solve Earth's ecological crisis. Work begins to reverse engineer the Marker on various research stations across the colonies, but they are forced to use bismuth instead of an unidentified alien material, resulting in these duplicates being colored red instead of black as the original.

The project was highly classified, but the lead researcher Michael Altman leaks its existence to the world. EarthGov assassinates Altman hoping to quell the news, but it is too late: Altman is seen as a martyr, and his belief of what the Marker means for humanity form the basis of a new cult-like religion, Unitology, that rapidly spreads across Earth and the colonies. Followers of Unitology believe that the Markers will help to unify humanity, as to "make us whole", in an event known as Convergence.

Too late, the EarthGov researchers discover that the electromagnetic fields sent by the Marker and its duplicates cause living people to suffer paranoia and hallucinations, while also causing the dead to reanimate, becoming "necromorphs" and attack the living. EarthGov immediately terminates the Marker project, abandons all research stations where the work had been done, while covering up their locations, knowing that Unitology followers would desperately want to seek these Markers to advance their beliefs and bring them to Convergence.

Plot

The first Dead Space takes place in the 26th century. Systems engineer Isaac Clarke is part of a rescue team called to the USG Ishimura, a planet-cracker mining Aegis VII which had gone radio-silent. Their ship suffers damage while trying to dock, and while the rest of the crew looks for a means to leave Ishimura, Clarke explores the ship, looking for his girlfriend Nicole who had been stationed aboard it. The ship is full of necromorphs, and he fights through them, discovering that the Ishimura had found a Red Marker buried near an abandoned colony on Aegis VII. The Ishimura captain, a devout Unitologist, ordered his crew to bring the Marker aboard the Ishimura, causing the crew to become paranoid, turn on each other, and leading to the necromorph invasion. Clarke himself starts having visions of Nicole, who guides him to return the Marker to the planet. Ultimately, it is revealed that one of the rescue team members, Kendra Daniels, was secretly instructed by EarthGov to retrieve the Red Marker, and she betrays and kills off the rest of the rescue team. Clarke discovers that the necromorphs were being controlled by a "Hive Mind" on Aegis VII who wants the Marker for itself. The Hive Mind kills Daniels when she tries to take the Marker back, while Clarke defeats the Hive Mind and flees in a shuttle. On route back to Earth, he experiences a hallucination of being attacked by a reanimated Nicole, showing the influence of the Marker on Isaac is still there and will continue to haunt him for the longest time.

Dead Space 2 takes place three years after the first game. Clarke wakes up aboard the Sprawl, a space station in orbit around Titan. His shuttle, along with the Ishimura, had been recovered by EarthGov and taken here. He and Nolan Stross (the protagonist of Dead Space: Aftermath) are patients in a mental hospital aboard the Sprawl but escape as the station is in the midst of a necromorph invasion. They learn that they both had alien codes implanted in their brains by their respective contacts with the Markers, and the Sprawl Director, Hans Tiedemann, under direction from EarthGov, has used this information to construct a Marker aboard the Sprawl, which allowed this infestation to occur. Stross eventually is too overcome by dementia that Clarke is forced to kill him, but not before learning from him where Tiedemann's Marker can be found; his visions of Nicole continue, and she further instructs him what to do when he gets there. Clarke eventually defeats Tiedemann and makes contact with the Marker. The Marker mentally tries to have Clarke complete Convergence by linking with his mind, but Clarke fights back to remove the Marker's imprints within his mind. The Marker goes dead, and Clarke escapes with the help of Ellie Langford, a pilot that aided his fight, before the Sprawl explodes.

Dead Space 3 occurs a few years later. While Clarke and Langford returned to Earth and dated for a while, their relationship fell apart. As Clarke is struggling with the breakup in his apartment on the moon, Unitologists led by Jacob Danik activates a Marker near the colony, causing a necromorph outbreak. Clarke is rescued by EarthGov soldiers led by John Carver and enlisted to help relocate Langford, who had traveled to Tau Volantis, one of Earth's oldest off-world colonies. They manage to find her ship, the CMS Roanoke, and after a harrowing collision with a debris field, Clarke and the EarthGov soldiers make it aboard. Clarke clears the ship of necromorphs to find Langford and the remains of her crew still alive. They learn that Tau Volantis is the Marker homeworld, and that previous efforts have been made to find a Machine along with a Codex that can control this machine. Travelling to the planet's surface, pursued by Danik and Unitology-aligned soldiers, Clarke, Langford, and Carver discover an alien that contains the Machine, and that the planet's moon is actually a giant necromorph, kept asleep by the transmission of the Machine. By using the Codex, one can turn the Machine off, which will wake the necromorph via the signals sent by the Markers and initiate Convergence, where it will absorb the city and seek others to absorb into itself. Danik manages to deactivate the Machine but is killed as the city is pulled off the planet towards the necromorph. Clarke and Carver sacrifice themselves to reactivate the Machine and deactivate all the Markers; the city crashes back to the planet, and the necromorph disintegrates as it falls atop the city. Langford manages to escape safely.

Games

Main series

Title	Details
Dead Space Original release date(s): NA: October 13, 2008 NA: October 20, 2008 (PC) AU: October 23, 2008 EU: October 24, 2008	Release years by system: 2008: Xbox 360, PlayStation 3, Microsoft Windows
	Notes: The first video game of the Dead Space series. The Xbox 360 and Microsoft Windows versions were not released in Asia.
Dead Space 2 Original release date(s): NA: January 25, 2011 AU: January 27, 2011 EU: January 28, 2011	Release years by system: 2011: Microsoft Windows, Xbox 360, PlayStation 3
	Notes: A sequel to Dead Space A remake of Dead Space: Extraction was included in PS3 versions of the game.
Dead Space 3 Original release date(s): NA: February 5, 2013 AU: February 7, 2013 EU: February 8, 2013	Release years by system: 2013: Microsoft Windows, Xbox 360, PlayStation 3
	Notes: A sequel to Dead Space 2 and the third installment in the Dead Space series.

Spin-offs

Title	Details
Dead Space: Extraction Original release date(s): AU: September 24, 2009 EU: September 25, 2009 NA: September 29, 2009 JP: October 1, 2009 NA: January 25, 2011 (PS3)	Release years by system: 2009: Wii 2011: PlayStation 3
	Notes: A prequel to Dead Space Re-released on PlayStation 3 bundled with Dead Space 2 with PlayStation Move support
Dead Space Ignition Original release date(s): NA: October 12, 2010 EU: October 13, 2010 AU: October 13, 2010	Release years by system: 2010: Xbox 360, PlayStation 3
	Notes: Prequel to Dead Space 2 Available via PlayStation Network and Xbox Live Arcade
Dead Space Original release date(s): NA: January 25, 2011 (iOS) EU: March 22, 2011 (iOS)	Release years by system: 2011: iOS, Android
	Notes: Set between the first and second games in the main series. Unlike prior spin-offs, it features survival horror gameplay similar to the main series. Developed by IronMonkey Studios, under supervision from Visceral Games. Was pulled from mobile stores, and is either not compatible or has compatibility issues with current mobile operating systems.

Characters

Isaac Clarke

Isaac Clarke is the main protagonist of the Dead Space series. Originally a ship systems engineer, his life changes for the worse when a seemingly-routine repair mission becomes a struggle to survive the Necromorph scourge. Clarke originally chose the mission to make contact with his girlfriend who was stationed on the damaged vessel. Clarke is named after science fiction authors Isaac Asimov and Arthur C. Clarke. He is silent in the original game, but is voiced by and modeled after actor Gunner Wright in the sequels.

Development

During development for Dead Space, EA Redwood Shores (now Visceral Games) gave Isaac a portmanteau name from the science fiction writers Isaac Asimov and Arthur C. Clarke. Isaac's parents Poul and Octavia take their names from science fiction authors Poul Anderson and Octavia Butler. During development for Dead Space 2, Visceral Games decided to give Isaac a voice and chose Gunner Wright. As Wright's performance was motion captured this influenced Clarke's appearance and movement in the game.

Reception

PlayStation Universe described him as a "corpse-slaying badass," saying: "starting off as the mute hero of the original Dead Space, Clarke was finally given a voice and personality in the sequel, becoming a standout character in his own right". They added: "his willingness to help others and strong morals makes him an ideal partner", and stated his best characteristic to survive is his adaptability. GamesRadar ranked Isaac, who has "a cool demeanor, and an even cooler suit of futuristic armor," as the 22nd "most memorable, influential, and badass" protagonist in games, also including him in other three "Top 7:" at the fourth place in their list of "The Top 7... Mentally damaged characters we love;" as the sixth most badass game character of the generation (as of 2012), and his romance with Nicole Brennan was ranked as the fifth most disastrous in video games. GamesRadar further placed him at number 30 in a list of the 50 best game characters of the generation. Isaac was featured as one of the characters IGN would like to see in an ultimate fighting game, adding "He may lack the pizzazz of some other fighters on this list, but try making fun of him when he holds a space-age nail gun to your forehead." In 2013, Complex ranked him as the sixteenth most badass character in video game history. In addition, his helmet was listed by UGO Networks at six in "The Coolest Helmets and Headgear in Video Games" list. Although Clarke ultimately did not make the cut, Game Informer staff considered his inclusion in their "30 characters that defined a decade" collection, with Ben Reeves saying, "Not only does Isaac manage to combat his own battered subconscious, but he ends up saving the universe from the spread of a deadly alien menace. That’s a true definition of hero in my book."

Nicole Brennan

Nicole is a medical officer aboard the USG Ishimura, and Isaac's girlfriend. She appears at Isaac's side at times of struggle, but later logs reveal that she committed suicide long before Isaac arrived; her appearances have actually been hallucinations created by the Markers with the intent of manipulating Isaac into furthering their agenda. She appears in a similar guise over the course of the second game, serving as a sympathetic antagonist. She is voiced by Iyari Limon in the first game, and Tanya Clarke in the second.

Nolan Stross

Nolan Stross appears in Dead Space 2 and was one of the protagonists in the animated feature Dead Space: Aftermath. Stross was once a high-ranking scientist but suffered from dementia after coming into contact with the Red Marker, and was placed in a psychiatric ward of a hospital on Titan Station. Clarke meets Stross in this area. Like Clarke, the character is named after two science fiction authors, in this case William F. Nolan and Charles Stross. While he and Clarke attempt to band together to destroy the Marker causing the events of the second game, his madness gets the better of him and Isaac is forced to kill him. He is voiced by Curt Cornelius.

Ellie Langford

Ellie is a major non-player character in Dead Space 2 and 3. In the first sequel, she and Isaac work together to escape the Titan Sprawl, and between the two games they begin a romance. However, by the time of the second sequel they have separated, partially because Isaac is hesitant to wager his life stopping the Markers. Ellie, with the help of Earth Defense Force Captain Robert Norton, discovers evidence that the planet Tau Volantis is the Marker homeworld; she sends Norton to recruit Isaac, kicking off the events of the third game. She is voiced by and modeled after actress Sonita Henry.

John Carver

Sgt. John Carver, Earth Defense Force, is a character in Dead Space 3, and the protagonist of the tie-in graphic novel Dead Space: Liberation. The graphic novel depicts his past as a loyal EarthGov soldier with a troubled home life. Damara and Dylan, his wife and son, are killed by Dead Space 3 antagonist Jacob Danik, and Carver joins forces with Ellie Langford to prevent Danik from triggering Convergence. He is voiced by and modeled after Ricardo Chavira.

Under normal circumstances, Carver is a non-player character, dispensing advice and guidance to Clarke but not assisting in gameplay. However, Dead Space 3 features "drop-in drop-out" co-operative multiplayer: the game's single-player campaign can at any time become a co-operative experience if a second player joins via Xbox Live or other networking services. If a second player does join, Carver is that player's in-game character; as such, he can be seamlessly written in and out of the campaign at any time to facilitate the presence (or absence) of said other player. Additionally, if a second player is present, side missions become available that deal with Carver's guilt concerning the way he treated his family, as well as over their deaths.

Unitology

A central theme in the games is the fictional antagonistic cult religion Unitology. Its members are fanatical followers of Michael Altman, who they claim leaked information that the Earth's government was suppressing about the alien artifact called the Marker. Their primary goal is to use this Marker to bring about the so-called "convergence" or "unification". Unitologists believe that human life may have come from space, and that by worshipping the Marker they can achieve eternal life.

According to the developers, the fictional religion is supposed to represents people's illogical thinking about things they don't understand, such as the Marker and the necromorphs. Unitology has been confirmed to have its own scripture of some kind. While it is not meant as criticism of religion itself, it draws on the falsehoods and corruption that may be hidden inside one.

Many players and critics have drawn comparisons between the fictional Unitology and the real-world Scientology: both have science-fiction influences, collected large funds from their members, consist of multiple ranks within their system which determine access to certain information, and host a large number of influential followers such as CEOs and celebrities. The developers have stated that these comparisons are simply meant to portray it as a secretive cult, with the name similarity causing unfortunate implications.

Related media

Dramatizations

Title	Details
Dead Space: Downfall Original release date(s): UK: October 3, 2008 NA: October 28, 2008	Release years by system: 2008: Film festival (United Kingdom only), DVD, BD
	Notes: Takes place at the same time as Extraction and before the original Dead Space.
Dead Space: Aftermath Original release date(s): NA: January 25, 2011	Release years by system: DVD, BD
	Notes: Takes place between Dead Space and Dead Space 2 Aftermath centers on the Aegis VII disaster and explores how the Government sends an unwitting crew of people to get exposed to Marker shards. The Government is secretly trying to produce a viable “Marker blueprint” carrier, no matter the costs.

Printed

Title	Details
Dead Space (comics) USA: March 3, 2008 – Comic book	Notes: A comic book prequel to the Dead Space: Downfall film published between March and August 2008. Written by Antony Johnston, illustrated by Ben Templesmith and published by Image Comics.
Dead Space: Martyr USA: July 20, 2010 – Paperback	Notes: A novel written by B. K. Evenson, set roughly 200 years before Dead Space. It tells the story of geophysicist Michael Altman, who discovers a mysterious signal within the Chicxulub crater and after secretly obtaining a piece of the Marker, leaks it to the public and spreads the visions he received from it. He becomes the unwilling "prophet" of the Marker, marking the beginning of Unitology.
Dead Space: Salvage USA: November 24, 2010 – Comic book	Notes: A comic book written by Antony Johnston, illustrated by Christopher Shy and published by IDW Publishing Tells the story of the Magpies, who discover an abandoned mining ship, the USG Ishimura. Their luck turns into a catastrophe as they realize they are in the middle of a living nightmare.
Dead Space: Catalyst USA: October 2, 2012 – Paperback	Notes: A novel written by B. K. Evenson, set two hundred and fifty years in the future after the events of Dead Space Martyr, extinction threatens mankind. Tampering with dangerous technology from the Black Marker—an ancient alien artifact discovered on Earth eighty years earlier—Earthgov hopes to save humanity.
Dead Space: Liberation USA: February 5, 2013 – Comic book	Notes: A comic book written by Ian Edginton, illustrated by Christopher Shy and published by Titan Books Tells the story of an Earthgov Sergeant, John Carver, whose wife and son are attacked by fanatics trying to liberate the Marker site where she works.

Music albums

Title		Release date	Length	Label	Source
Dead Space Original Soundtrack		November 11, 2008	1:01:07	Electronic Arts
Dead Space 2 Original Videogame Score		January 25, 2011	1:00:22	Electronic Arts
Dead Space 2 Collector's Edition Original Soundtrack		January 25, 2011		Electronic Arts

Film adaptation

Filmmaker John Carpenter is interested in making a Dead Space film, it is said to be very appealing for a horror franchise movie that might surpass Resident Evil. Justin Marks will write the script but adapting the game storyline and the characters makes the movie production easy. EA has plans to adapt the Dead Space videogames into a potential film franchise.

External links

• EA's official Dead Space website