MacOS Catalina: Difference between revisions
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==System requirements== |
==System requirements== |
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macOS Catalina runs on all standard configuration Macs that support [[macOS Mojave|Mojave]]. 2010–2012 [[Mac Pro]]s, which could run Mojave only with a [[Graphics processing unit|GPU]] upgrade, are no longer supported.<ref name="apple-catalina"/> Catalina requires 4 GB of memory, an increase over the 2 GB required by [[Mac OS X Lion|Lion]] through Mojave.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://support.apple.com/HT201475|title=How to upgrade to macOS Catalina|website=Apple Support}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://support.apple.com/HT210190|title=How to upgrade to macOS Mojave|website=Apple Support}}</ref> |
macOS Catalina officially runs on all standard configuration Macs that support [[macOS Mojave|Mojave]]. 2010–2012 [[Mac Pro]]s, which could run Mojave only with a [[Graphics processing unit|GPU]] upgrade, are no longer supported.<ref name="apple-catalina"/> Catalina requires 4 GB of memory, an increase over the 2 GB required by [[Mac OS X Lion|Lion]] through Mojave.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://support.apple.com/HT201475|title=How to upgrade to macOS Catalina|website=Apple Support}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://support.apple.com/HT210190|title=How to upgrade to macOS Mojave|website=Apple Support}}</ref> |
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* [[iMac (Intel-based)|iMac]]: Late 2012 or newer |
* [[iMac (Intel-based)|iMac]]: Late 2012 or newer |
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* [[MacBook Air]]: Mid 2012 or newer |
* [[MacBook Air]]: Mid 2012 or newer |
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* [[MacBook Pro]]: Mid 2012 or newer, [[Retina display]] not needed |
* [[MacBook Pro]]: Mid 2012 or newer, [[Retina display]] not needed |
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It is possible to install Catalina on many older Macintosh computers that are not officially supported by Apple. This requires using a patch to modify the install image.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://dosdude1.com/catalina/|title=macOS Catalina Patcher|website=dosdude1.com|access-date=2020-02-09}}</ref> |
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== Changes == |
== Changes == |
Revision as of 13:31, 9 February 2020
Version of the macOS operating system | |
![]() | |
![]() Screenshot of the macOS Catalina desktop in Dark Mode | |
Developer | Apple Inc. |
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OS family | |
Source model | Closed, with open source components |
General availability | October 7, 2019[1] |
Latest release | 10.15.7 Security Update 2022-005[2] (19H2026) (July 20, 2022 ) [±] |
Update method | Software Update |
Platforms | x86-64 |
Kernel type | Hybrid (XNU) |
License | APSL and Apple EULA |
Preceded by | macOS 10.14 Mojave |
Official website | apple.com/macos/catalina |
Support status | |
Fully supported. |
Part of a series on |
macOS |
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macOS Catalina (version 10.15) is the sixteenth and current major release of macOS, Apple's desktop operating system for Macintosh computers. It is the successor to macOS Mojave, and was announced at WWDC 2019 on June 3, 2019 and released to the public on October 7, 2019. Catalina is the first version of macOS to support only 64-bit applications and the first to include Activation Lock.[3][4]
The operating system is named after Santa Catalina Island, which is located off the coast of southern California.
System requirements
macOS Catalina officially runs on all standard configuration Macs that support Mojave. 2010–2012 Mac Pros, which could run Mojave only with a GPU upgrade, are no longer supported.[4] Catalina requires 4 GB of memory, an increase over the 2 GB required by Lion through Mojave.[5][6]
- iMac: Late 2012 or newer
- iMac Pro
- Mac Pro: Late 2013 or newer
- Mac Mini: Late 2012 or newer
- MacBook: Early 2015 or newer
- MacBook Air: Mid 2012 or newer
- MacBook Pro: Mid 2012 or newer, Retina display not needed
It is possible to install Catalina on many older Macintosh computers that are not officially supported by Apple. This requires using a patch to modify the install image.[7]
Changes
System
Catalyst
Catalyst is a new software-development tool that allows developers to write apps that can run on both macOS and iPadOS. Apple demonstrated several ported apps, including Jira and Twitter (after the latter discontinued its macOS app in February 2018).[8][9]
Gatekeeper
Mac apps, installer packages, and kernel extensions that are signed with a Developer ID must be notarized by Apple to run on macOS Catalina.[10]
Activation Lock
Activation Lock helps prevent the unauthorized use and drive erasure of devices with an Apple T2 security chip (iMac Pro, 2018 MacBook Pro, Mac Mini, MacBook Air, 2019 Mac Pro).[4][11]
Dedicated system volume
The system runs on its own read-only volume, separate from all other data on the Mac.[4]
Voice control
Users can speak more commands to their devices than Siri allows. On-device machine processing is used to offer better navigation.[4]
Sidecar
Sidecar allows a Mac to use an iPad (running iPadOS) as a wireless external display. With Apple Pencil, the device can also be used as a graphics tablet for software running on the computer.[9][12] Sidecar requires a Mac with Intel Skylake CPUs and newer (such as the fourth-generation MacBook Pro), and an iPad that supports Apple Pencil.[13][14]
Support for wireless game controllers
The Game Controller framework adds support for two major console game controllers: the Dualshock 4 of the PlayStation 4 and the Xbox One controller.[15][16][17][18]
Applications
iTunes
iTunes is replaced by separate Music, Podcasts, and TV apps, in line with iOS. iOS device management is now conducted via Finder.[19][20] The TV app on Mac supports Dolby Atmos, Dolby Vision, and HDR10 on MacBooks released in 2018 or later, while 4K HDR playback is supported on Macs released in 2018 or later when connected to a compatible display.[9]
Find My
Find My Mac and Find My Friends are merged into an application called Find My.
Reminders
Among other visual and functional overhauls, attachments can be added to reminders and Siri can intelligently estimate when to remind the user about an event.[4]
Removed or changed components
macOS Catalina exclusively supports 64-bit applications. 32-bit applications no longer run (including all software that utilizes the Carbon API as well as QuickTime 7 applications, image, audio and video codecs). Apple has also removed all 32-bit-only apps from the Mac App Store.[21]
zsh is the default login shell and interactive shell in macOS Catalina,[22] replacing Bash, the default shell since Mac OS X Panther in 2003.[23] Bash continues to be available in macOS Catalina, along with other shells such as csh/tcsh and ksh.
Dashboard has been removed in macOS Catalina.[24]
The ability to add Backgrounds in Photo Booth was removed in macOS Catalina.
Built-in support for Perl, Python 2.7 and Ruby are included in macOS for compatibility with legacy software. Future versions of macOS won't include scripting language runtimes by default, and might require users to install additional packages.[25]
Release history
Previous release | Current release | Beta |
Version | Build | Date | Darwin | Release Notes | Standalone download |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
10.15 | 19A583 | October 7, 2019 | 19.0.0 | Original Software Update release | |
19A602 | October 15, 2019 | 19.0.0 | Supplemental update | ||
19A603 | October 21, 2019 | 19.0.0 | Revised Supplemental update | ||
10.15.1 | 19B88 | October 29, 2019 | 19.0.0 xnu-6153.41.3~29 |
About the macOS Catalina 10.15.1 Update | macOS 10.15.1 Update |
10.15.2 | 19C57 | December 10, 2019 | 19.2.0 xnu-6153.61.1~20 |
About the macOS Catalina 10.15.2 Update | macOS 10.15.2 Update |
10.15.3 | 19D76 | January 28, 2020 | 19.3.0 xnu-6153.81.5~1 |
About the macOS Catalina 10.15.3 Update | macOS 10.15.3 Update |
10.15.4 beta 1 | 19E224g | February 5, 2020 |
References
- ^ "macOS Catalina". Apple Inc.
- ^ "Apple security updates". Apple Support. July 20, 2022. Retrieved July 20, 2022.
- ^ "Apple previews macOS Catalina" (Press release). Apple Inc. June 3, 2019. Retrieved June 4, 2019.
- ^ a b c d e f "macOS Catalina". Apple Inc.
- ^ "How to upgrade to macOS Catalina". Apple Support.
- ^ "How to upgrade to macOS Mojave". Apple Support.
- ^ "macOS Catalina Patcher". dosdude1.com. Retrieved February 9, 2020.
- ^ Statt, Nick (February 16, 2018). "Twitter discontinues its Mac desktop app after years of spotty support". The Verge. Retrieved June 3, 2019.
- ^ a b c Warren, Tom (June 3, 2019). "Apple unveils new macOS update with iPad apps". The Verge. Retrieved June 3, 2019.
- ^ "Developer ID: Upcoming Requirements". Apple Developer.
- ^ Stephen Shankland (June 7, 2019). "Here are 6 MacOS Catalina security changes coming from Apple this fall". CNET.
- ^ O'Hara, Andrew. "You can use your iPad as a second display with Sidecar in macOS Catalina". AppleInsider. Retrieved June 3, 2019.
- ^ Cunningham, Andrew (October 7, 2019). "macOS 10.15 Catalina: The Ars Technica review". Ars Technica. Retrieved October 7, 2019.
- ^ Peters, Jay (October 7, 2019). "You need a MacBook with a butterfly keyboard or a modern Mac desktop to use macOS Catalina's Sidecar". The Verge. Retrieved October 8, 2019.
- ^ "Supporting New Game Controllers". Apple Developer. Retrieved July 5, 2019.
- ^ "Apple adding support for PS4, Xbox One controllers to iOS, TVOS and MacOS". CNET. Retrieved July 5, 2019.
- ^ "iOS 13: How to connect a PlayStation controller or Xbox game controller to your iPhone and iPad". 9to5mac. September 2019. Retrieved September 6, 2019.
- ^ "How To Connect PS4, Xbox One Controller To iPhone, Apple TV, Mac". ValueWalk. September 2, 2019. Retrieved September 6, 2019.
- ^ Carman, Ashley (June 3, 2019). "Apple breaks up iTunes, creates separate Podcasts, TV, and Music apps for macOS". The Verge. Retrieved June 3, 2019.
- ^ Roettgers, Janko (June 3, 2019). "Apple Is Officially Killing iTunes, Replacing It With Three Dedicated Media Apps". Variety. Retrieved June 3, 2019.
- ^ Katie Conner (September 10, 2019). "235 Mac apps get the ax with Apple's next update. Here's how you find them on your rig". CNET.
- ^ "Use zsh as the default shell on your Mac - Apple Support". Retrieved July 1, 2019.
- ^ Landau, Ted; Frakes, Dan (December 20, 2005). Mac OS X Help Line, Tiger Edition. Peachpit Press. ISBN 9780132705240.
- ^ Statt, Nick (June 4, 2019). "Apple will permanently remove Dashboard in macOS Catalina". The Verge. Retrieved June 5, 2019.
- ^ "macOS 10.15 Beta Release Notes". Apple Developer. Retrieved June 6, 2019.
Scripting language runtimes such as Python, Ruby, and Perl are included in macOS for compatibility with legacy software. Future versions of macOS won't include scripting language runtimes by default, and might require you to install additional packages.