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Tiruchendur

Coordinates: 8°29′00″N 78°07′00″E / 8.4833°N 78.1167°E / 8.4833; 78.1167
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Tiruchendur
Tirucheer Alaiwai
Town
Tiruchendur beach
Tiruchendur beach
Tiruchendur is located in Tamil Nadu
Tiruchendur
Tiruchendur
Tiruchendur is located in India
Tiruchendur
Tiruchendur
Coordinates: 8°29′00″N 78°07′00″E / 8.4833°N 78.1167°E / 8.4833; 78.1167
Country India
StateTamil Nadu
DistrictThoothukudi
Government
 • TypeTown Panchayat
Elevation
3 m (10 ft)
Population
 (2011)[1]
 • Total32,171
Demonym(s)Chendoorkaran, Chendooran
Languages
 • OfficialTamil
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
628215
Telephone code04639
Vehicle registrationTN-92( TN-69 till Jun17,2015)
Nearest cityThoothukudi
Sex ratio1000 : 1018.58 ♂/♀
Literacy79%
Nearest AirportThoothukudi
Lok Sabha constituencyThoothukudi
Formerly with Tiruchendur
Rajya Sabha constituencyTiruchendur
Websitewww.tiruchendhur.com

Tiruchendur is a panchayat town located in the southern tip of India, in the Thoothukudi district of Tamil Nadu. It is home to Thiruchendur Murugan Temple, also known as Arulmigu Subramaniaswamy Temple which is a Second of Arupadai veedugal (Abodes of Murugan) and one of the ancient Hindu temples dedicated to Lord Murugan.[2][3][4] Tiruchendur is well-connected by road and rail with the rest of Tamil Nadu and India and the nearest railway station is Tiruchendur railway station. Tiruchendur is just 53 km from Tirunelveli.

Etymology

Thiruchendur, a temple town like many towns in the state of Tamil Nadu, is named after the red soil nature of the town Senthoor. Legend has it that the name Tiruchendur originated from Thiru, meaning sacred, because it was a battleground for Lord Murugan, and Senthoor, meaning red place, because of the bloodiness of the battle.

Geography

Tiruchendur beach

Tiruchendur is located on the south–eastern coast of India in the south–eastern part of Tamil Nadu. It is located on the south-eastern shoreline of Tamil Nadu overlooking the Bay of Bengal. The soil type is majorly Clay, Red soil. The suburban villages surrounding the town contain arid, red soil forests that are densely planted with palm trees, cashew plantations, and other crops part of the region.[5]

Demographics

As of the 2001 Indian census, Tiruchendur had a population of 29,330.[6] Males constitute 50% of the population and females 50%. Tiruchendur has an average literacy rate of 79%, higher than the national average of 59.5%. Male literacy is 82%, and female literacy is 76%. In Tiruchendur, 12% of the population is under 6 years of age.

Public Administration

Tiruchendur Town is managed by Tiruchendur Town Panchayat which has 21 wards. It is also a Taluk headquarters, and there are 10 local bodies and 46 villages comes under the jurisdiction of Thiruchendur taluk.[7] The District Munsiff Court and Judicial Magistrate Court are located in the town.[8] The Revenue Department is administered by Tiruchendur Tashildar and the police administration by the Deputy Superintendent of Police, Tiruchendur.

Transportation

The town is accessible by rail and road. The Tuticorin Airport is about 40 kilometres (25 mi) from Thiruchendur, 55 km (34 mi) from Tirunelveli, and 171 km (106 mi) from Madurai.[9] Currently, SpiceJet and Air Carnival operate three inbound and outbound flights to Chennai. There are bus connections to Aruppukkottai, Ettayapuram, Tuticorin, Kovilpatti, Sankarankovil, Madurai, Tirunelveli, Vilathi Kulam and major cities of Tamil Nadu. The town is connected to Tirunelveli by a broad-gauge train track, with a train station at Thiruchendur. The Chendur Express train runs daily between Chennai Egmore Junction and Tiruchendur. Passenger train services are also available between Tirunelveli and Tiruchendur.

Education

Colleges

Schools

  • Kayalpattanam Arumuganeri Higher Secondary School
  • Govt Women Higher Secondary School
  • Hindu Hr.Sec.School
  • Senthil Murugan Govt. Girls Higher Secondary School
  • Sri Ramakrishna Higher Secondary School
  • Anita Kumaran Matric Higher Secondary School
  • Aparna Matic Higher Secondary school
  • Mary Ann Best Girls Higher Secondary School
  • Bishop Azaria memorial Higher secondary school
  • Ambrose Boys Hr. Sec. School
  • Elliot Tuxford Girls Higher Secondary School
  • LK Higher Secondary School
  • Senthil Kumaran Matriculation School
  • Kanchi Sri Sankara Academy Matric Higher Secondary School
  • Pearls public International School
  • St. Thomas Higher Secondary School
  • Senthil Raja Primary and Secondary School
  • Saravanayar Primary School
  • Kamlavathi Higher Secondary School
  • Salma Matriculation School
  • Wisdom Public School
  • Arulmigu Senthil Aandavar Government Boys Higher Secondary School
  • Zubaidha Higher Secondary School

Religion

The religion in Thiruchendur is mostly Hindu, with a significant Christian Catholic presence. A nearby town called Kayalpatnam has 90% Muslim population, with about 70,000 Muslim people.[10]

Temples

Tiruchendur Murugan Temple

View of the Thiruchedur Temple gopuram
Door of the temple
Tiruchendur Murugan Kovil

Tiruchendur Murugan Temple is an ancient Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Murugan at the site of the battle. It is one of the six major abodes, or sacred temples, of the Kaumaram religion. Soorasamharam, a reenactment of the victory over Sarapadman, and Kanda Shasti Kavasam, a devotional song in praise of Lord Murugan are performed at the temple.

The temple, which is built near the seashore, measures 91 m (299 ft) north to south, 65 m (213 ft) east to west, and has a seven-tier gopuram, or tower gate, that is 42 m (138 ft) high.[11] The principal entrance faces south, and opens into the first of two prakarams, the first of which is lined with rows of Yalis. The inner sanctum of the temple is in a cave and the main deity, or moolavar, is Murugan as a saintly child, portrayed in a granite carving.[10]

Naazhi Kinaru, a sacred well fed by a freshwater spring, is located 100 m (330 ft) south of the temple. Devotees undergo a ritual cleansing by bathing in water from the well after bathing in the ocean.[10]

Dutch occupation of the Thiruchendur Temple

Main article: Dutch Occupation of the Thiruchendur Temple

The Murugan temple at Thiruchendur was occupied by the Dutch East India company from 1646 to 1648, during the course of their war with the Portuguese. The local people tried to free their temple, with no success. The Dutch finally vacated the temple on orders from the Naik ruler. However, while leaving, they removed the idol of the main deity of the temple, and took it with them. While they were sailing away, they encountered a strong storm and realised their mistake of stealing the idol. They dropped the idol in the middle of the sea and seen the storm stopped immediately. Later, Lord Senthil Aandavan appeared in a dream to Vadamaliyappa Pillai, an ardent devotee of Lord Muruga, and revealed the place in the sea where the idol had been abandoned. Vadamlaiyappa Pillai and Athitha Nadar, a sponsor of services in the Thiruchendur temple, went to the spot in a fishing boat and retrieved the idol in 1653. The story is shown in paintings inside the temple[12]

Other temples

Mosques

  • Mohideen Masjid

Festivals and rituals

Festivals are celebrated throughout the year at the temple including Brahmothsavam in the month of Maasi, Vasanthotsavam for 10 days in Chithirai, Vaikasi Visakam for 12 days and Skandha Sashti in Aippasi. There are two Maha Utsavams called Aavani perunthirunaal and Maasi perunthirunaal conducted and celebrated during Aavani and Maasi. These 12-day festivals occur twice every year.[13]

Masi Thiruvizha

Thiruchendur

Several lakh of people congregate for Masi Thiruvizha, a 12-day festival at Thiruchendur. The Kayamozhi Athitha Nadarhal Arakattalai Mandahapadi committee organises functions on the sixth and seventh days of the festival. On the tenth day of the festival, the presiding Lord of the Thiruchendur temple makes a special appearance in Thirunelveli Dakshinamara Nadar Sangam, in Sannidhi Street.

Several thousand devotees worship at the Masi Magam festival of the Sri Subramaniawamy temple at Tiruchendur. The festival was inaugurated by the Athitha Nadar clan several centuries ago and includes ritual performances, like Pali-vidalai eridhal.

Aippasi Subramaniya Swami's marriage ritual

In the month of Aippasi, when the ritual for Lord Subramaniya's marriage, in Tamil termed as Subramaniya Swami Thirukalyanam, is performed, Athitha Nadars perform the ritual for the groom side, offering Thirumangalyam and the wedding feast. The bride's side wedding feast is arranged by Nattathi Nadars the next day.

Politics

The Tiruchendur assembly constituency was part of the Tiruchendur (Lok Sabha constituency) until 2009.[14] After dissolution of the Lok Sabha constituency in May 2009, the constituency was aligned with the Tuticorin Lok Sabha constituency. The current member of the legislative assembly (MLA) to Tamil Nadu assembly, elected by the general election 2011, is Anitha R. Radhakrishnan of Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam.[15]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Census of India: Search Details". censusindia.gov.in. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 5 September 2016.
  2. ^ "Welcome To Lord Murugan.com Home Page". Lordmurugan.com. Retrieved 7 September 2015.
  3. ^ "Tiruchendur". Thoothukudi.nic.in. Retrieved 4 September 2016.
  4. ^ "Murugan Temple Tiruchendu Article". blessingsonthenet.com. Retrieved 19 November 2018.
  5. ^ "Historical Incidents of 1639-1651". tiruchendur.org. Retrieved 19 November 2018.
  6. ^ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 16 June 2004. Retrieved 1 November 2008.
  7. ^ http://www.census2011.co.in/data/subdistrict/5868-tiruchendur-thoothukkudi-tamil-nadu.htm. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)[dead link]
  8. ^ "Taluk Courts | Official Website of District Court Of India". ecourts.gov.in. Retrieved 22 May 2017.
  9. ^ "(TCR) Tuticorin Airport". flightstats.com. Retrieved 7 September 2015.
  10. ^ a b c Clothey, Fred W. (1978). The Many Faces of Murukan̲: The History and Meaning of a South Indian God. Walter de Gruyter. pp. 121–. ISBN 978-90-279-7632-1. Retrieved 5 September 2016.
  11. ^ Knapp, Stephen (1 January 2009). Spiritual India Handbook. Jaico Publishing House. pp. 387–. ISBN 978-81-8495-024-3.
  12. ^ "Dutch adventure of 1648". tiruchendur.org. Retrieved 19 November 2018.
  13. ^ Pillai, J.M. Somasundaram. "Tiruchendur's Annual Festivals". tiruchendur.org. Retrieved 19 November 2018.
  14. ^ "List of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies" (PDF). Tamil Nadu. Election Commission of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2009. Retrieved 5 September 2016.
  15. ^ "15th Assembly Members". www.assembly.tn.gov.in. Retrieved 19 November 2018.
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