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Ra.One
A man with blue eyes and electricity bolts, standing.
Teaser poster
Directed byAnubhav Sinha
Written by
Screenplay by
Story byAnubhav Sinha
Produced byGauri Khan
Starring
Cinematography
Edited by
Music byVishal-Shekhar
Production
company
Distributed by
Release dates
    • October 24, 2011 (2011-10-24) (Dubai)
    • October 25, 2011 (2011-10-25) (London)
    • October 26, 2011 (2011-10-26) (Toronto and worldwide)
Running time
156 minutes[1]
CountryIndia
LanguageHindi

Ra.One is a 2011 Indian science fiction superhero film directed by Anubhav Sinha, and starring Shahrukh Khan, Kareena Kapoor, Armaan Verma, Arjun Rampal, Shahana Goswami and Tom Wu in pivotal roles. The script, written by Sinha and Kanika Dhillon, originated as an idea that Sinha got when he saw a television commercial, and which he subsequently expanded. The film follows Shekhar Subramanium (Khan), a game designer who creates a motion sensor-based game in which the antagonist (Ra.One) is more powerful than the protagonist (G.One). The former escapes from the game's virtual world and enters the real world; his aim is to kill Lucifer, the game ID of Shekhar's son and the only player to have challenged Ra.One's power. Relentlessly pursued, the family is forced to bring out G.One from the virtual world so as to defeat Ra.One and protect them.

Principal photography began in March 2010 and took place in India and the United Kingdom, and was overseen by an international crew. The post-production involved 3-D conversion and the application of visual effects, the latter being recognized as a technological breakthrough among Indian films. With a budget of at least ₹125 crore (US$15 million), Ra.One was one of the most expensive Indian films at the time of release. The producers also spent ₹52 crore (US$6.2 million) on the film's promotions, which involved a nine-month publicity campaign, brand tie-ups, merchandise, video games and viral marketing.

Ra.One was initially scheduled to release on June 3, 2011, but delays due to a lengthy post-production process and escalating costs pushed back the release date. The film also faced controversies involving plagiarism, content leaks and copyright challenges. Consequently, Ra.One was theatrically released on October 26, 2011, the beginning of the five-day Diwali weekend, in 2D, 3D and dubbed versions, with three international premieres being held between October 24 and 26, 2011. The film witnessed the largest international theatrical release for an Indian film as of 2011, and was preceded by high audience and commercial expectations.

Upon release, critics endorsed mixed opinions of the film, with general praise for the visuals and music, and criticism of the script and direction. Commercially, the film became the third highest-grossing Bollywood film of 2011 and broke a number of opening box office records, though it failed to sustain at the box office after its extended opening weekend. Box office website Box Office India deemed Ra.One a domestic "hit" and overseas "super hit". The film subsequently won a number of awards for its technical aspects, notably one National Film Award, one Filmfare Award and four International Indian Film Academy Awards. However, it also received dishonorable awards like "Worst Film," namely two Golden Kela Awards and one Ghanta Award.

Plot

Shekhar Subramanium (Khan), a game designer who works for the London-based Barron Industries, has delivered a number of commercial failures; an irate Barron (Tahil) gives him his last chance to develop a successful game. In order to impress his skeptical son Prateek (Verma), and upon the request of his wife Sonia (Kapoor), Shekhar uses his son's idea that the antagonist should be more powerful than the protagonist. His colleague, computer programmer Jenny (Goswami), uses Shekhar's face as a model for that of the game's protagonist G.One (Good One), while the shape-shifting antagonist Ra.One (Random Access Version One)[2] is made faceless. Another colleague, Akashi (Wu), implements the characters' movements. The game, named Ra.One, contains three levels, the final level being the only one in which either character can be killed. Each character possesses a special device – the H.A.R.T (Hertz Amplifying Resonance Transmitter) which gives them their powers. Upon reaching the last level, the characters gain a gun with one bullet; the other character can be killed by this bullet but only if his H.A.R.T is attached.

When Ra.One undergoes final tests, Akashi notices unusual glitches but chooses to ignore them. When the game is officially launched, it receives a standing ovation from the audience; an enamored Prateek insists on playing it immediately. He logs in under the ID Lucifer and proceeds to the second level, but is interrupted by Akashi. Ra.One, unable to end his turn with Lucifer and angry that a player has proceeded so far, becomes determined that Lucifer will die. He uses a wireless technology (which Jenny had introduced in a conference) to enter the real world, a process which causes the mainframe to malfunction. Akashi informs Shekhar, who partially understands the situation and rushes home, fearing for his son's life. Meanwhile, Ra.One kills Akashi and assumes his form; he goes to find Lucifer, and meets Shekhar in the process. In an attempt to save his son, Shekhar claims that he is Lucifer, but his lie is exposed when Ra.One scans his identity card. Consequently, Ra.One kills Shekhar and makes it look like a car accident.

Sonia, devastated after Shekhar's death, tells Prateek that the family will return to India after Shekhar's funeral. A suspicious Prateek notices digital patterns on the fateful road and realizes that Ra.One has come to life. He convinces Jenny of the same when they see the destroyed game laboratory, and the latter tries to bring G.One into the real world. Meanwhile, Ra.One chases the family on their way to the airport, but G.One enters the real world and causes a gas explosion which temporarily destroys Ra.One. G.One takes Ra.One's H.A.R.T. and accompanies the family to Mumbai after Sonia realizes that she needs him.

Subsequently, Ra.One returns to life, takes the form of a billboard model (Rampal), and tracks down G.One to Prateek's birthday party. Hypnotizing Sonia, he assumes her form to kidnap Prateek. Ra.One then instructs G.One to give him his H.A.R.T. back, and sends the real Sonia in a malfunctioning local train. The train crashes into the Chatrapati Shivaji Terminus, but G.One saves Sonia in time. To save Prateek, he returns to the virtual world and fights Ra.One; both reach the third level, the former left with little power. G.One tricks Ra.One into shooting him without his H.A.R.T. attached, leaving Ra.One helpless; furious, the latter creates ten copies of himself. Prateek, unable to identify the real Ra.One, asks G.One to quote Shekhar: "If you join the forces of evil, its shadows shall always follow you". The pair realize that only one of the ten Ra.Ones has a shadow: the original one. G.One shoots and destroys him, absorbs Ra.One's remains and disappears. Six months later, Prateek and Sonia return to London, where the former manages to restore G.One to the real world.

Cast

Main article: Cast of Ra.One
Two men and a woman smiling and staring at cameras
Khan, Kapoor and Rampal (l–r) at the London premiere of Ra.One

The major characters of Ra.One were essayed by protagonists Shahrukh Khan and Kareena Kapoor, and primary antagonist Arjun Rampal. Supporting roles were played by Tom Wu, Shahana Goswami and child artist Armaan Verma. The film featured cameo appearances by Rajnikanth, Sanjay Dutt and Priyanka Chopra, the latter two being characters in a dream sequence. Additional minor roles were essayed by Dalip Tahil and Satish Shah, and an important voice-over was provided by Amitabh Bachchan. Khan performed both as Shekhar and G.One. The titular character Ra.One was enacted by three actors – Rampal, Wu and Kapoor, signifying the character's shape-shifting ability.

Khan was the first actor to be cast in the film.[3] Three actors had initially been considered for the lead female role; Kapoor was ultimately chosen because she insisted on playing the part.[4] Rampal accepted the role of Ra.One after Sinha expressed a strong desire to cast him in the film.[5] Wu was contracted to the film in July 2010,[6] and Goswami was cast one month later.[7] Bachchan agreed to be a part of the film after being requested by Khan and Sinha.[8] Several cast members prepared extensively for their roles; Rampal and Kapoor followed special diets to lose weight,[9][10] and Verma learnt capoeira.[11] Khan and Verma performed their own stunts,[12][11] and Kapoor subsequently did so as well despite initial reluctance.[13]

However, the cast did encounter problems during production. Khan faced difficulties with his superhero suit and prosthetic makeup,[14][15] and injured his left knee.[16] The decision to cast Rampal was met with skepticism due to "questionable acting abilities," a statement Sinha criticized.[17] In addition, Rampal encountered back problems (which were treated by the time production began),[5] prompting speculation of a possible replacement by Vivek Oberoi.[18] Jackie Chan had initially been approached for the role of Akashi,[19] but he declined the offer. Rajnikanth suffered from health problems which caused a delay in the filming of his cameo appearance.[20] Dutt faced a scheduling conflict with Agneepath (2012), which was later resolved.[21]

Production

Development

"Ra.One is the modern, new age technology version of our mythological "Raavan," who was a mixture of ten different evil characters. I am essaying the role of G.One or better say "Jeevan," a superhero who saves the mankind from Ra.One's torment. Through this film, I want to prove that Indian superheroes can also be as cool as the international ones."[22]

—Shahrukh Khan on Ra.One

According to director Anubhav Sinha, the idea of Ra.One originated when he saw an advertisement on television which showed children remotely controlling a human. He was attracted to the concept and wrote a script based on it.[17][3] Sinha then approached Khan, who liked the story and decided to produce the film under his production company Red Chillies Entertainment.[3] Sinha was apprehensive of retaining Khan's support after the former's previous film Cash (2007) became a commercial failure, but Khan reportedly "remained unchanged".[3]

Khan felt that the film possessed significant commercial potential,[23] in addition to being a fulfillment of his "childhood dream" to be a superhero and to fly.[24] He stated that he wanted to "make a film that gives me the right to deserve the iconic status that I’ve got for 20 years."[25] He also said that he wanted to make a film dedicated to father-son relationships, which were, in his opinion, "neglected" in Bollywood.[26] Khan's idea was to make a simple family drama which expanded into an action film.[27] He declined to make the film in English, feeling that "cracking Hollywood on their terms" was unnecessary.[12] Both Khan and Sinha credited their children for providing encouragement, and regularly "approving" the film's execution.[3]

Red Chillies Entertainment continued to work on other projects before finalizing the production aspects of Ra.One.[28] After the release of My Name Is Khan (2010), the studio focused solely on Ra.One and did not take up any other films.[29] Khan initially approached a number of directors to helm the film, including Aditya Chopra and Karan Johar, but they declined;[30] eventually, Sinha was made the film's director. To prepare the film's premises and characterization, Sinha spent several months viewing video clips, digital art portals and comic books.[23] Sinha and Khan also watched around 200 superhero films from all over the world.[31] The storyboards were designed by Atul Chouthmal, who was contracted after he met Khan at Yash Raj Studios. While the former began work on the storyboards, the producers hired a storyboard artist from Hollywood. Chouthmal revealed that Khan and the other artist differed on their visions of the film, and so he was brought back.[32] Before filming, Khan reportedly took tips from actor Kamal Hassan regarding the production of large-scale films, having been impressed by Hassan's Dasavathaaram (2008).[33]

"I have always felt this – and even Alfred Hitchcock said that in a movie, which has a larger than life hero, the villain's role should be very strong. So, I [also] felt [that] if the villain looks good, the superhero will also look good."[34]

—Shahrukh Khan, on the title of the film

The title of the film received significant media attention due to it being the name of the antagonist rather than the protagonist.[35] The move was considered innovative,[36] and noted as a sign of the "rising importance of the villain in Bollywood."[37] According to Sinha, the title had not been planned as such, and was ultimately chosen because Ra.One "sounded cooler" than G.One.[38] Khan was advised to name the film after his own character; he declined to do so, citing the inter-dependence between good and evil.[39] He also called Alfred Hitchcock as his inspiration, and pointed out that the antagonists in films like Sholay, Mr. India and Sadak were better remembered than the protagonists.[34][35]

Principal photography

Main article: Principal photography of Ra.One

The crew of Ra.One featured both Indian and overseas personnel. Nicola Pecorini served as the director of photography, with V. Manikandan providing assistance.[23] Andy Gill and Spiro Razatos were hired as the stunt supervisors, and Nino Pansini was hired as the stunt cinematographer. Sabu Cyril and Marcus Wookey were responsible for the production design.[40][41] The film's producer was Bobby Chawla, but Gauri Khan later stepped in after the former suffered a brain hemorrhage.[42] Filming took place at a number of studios, notably Filmistan Studios, Film City and Yash Raj Studios in India and the Black Hangar Studios in the UK.[43]

Principal photography was initially set to begin in Miami, but the idea was abandoned due to budget constraints.[44] The first phase of filming began in Goa on March 21, 2010[45] and continued until May.[46] The second and third phases took place in London with the entire cast, beginning in July 2010[47] and ending in August.[48] The next phase was split into two schedules; the first schedule commenced at Filmistan Studios in the first week of September 2010,[48] while the second schedule began in December 2010 and took place over a seven-day period.[49] The remaining portions were filmed in July 2011 at Film City.[50] A cameo appearance and a music video were filmed in the weeks leading up to the release, the former at the Whistling Woods Studios in Mumbai.[51][52]

Ra.One featured three major action sequences, which were filmed in sets and real locations across Mumbai and London. The cinematography borrowed ideas from video games, such as rapid transitions between first-person and third-person perspectives.[41] Procedures such as bullet time were also incorporated into the film.[53] The production design was closely associated with the lighting and cinematography so as to facilitate smooth filming.[41] However, filming faced a number of difficulties including increasing costs, delays and safety constraints.[38] In addition, differences between Khan and Sinha caused tensions on the sets.[54]

Post-production

Main article: Post-production of Ra.One

As with the filming crew, the post-production crew of the film included both Indian and overseas personnel.[55] Prime Focus carried out the film's 3-D conversion,[56] with London-based colorist Richard Fearon performing the color grading.[57] Red Chillies VFX partnered with a number of visual effects studios around the world,[17] and undertook the incorporation of the visual effects under the supervision of Jeffrey Kleiser.[58] Nvidia provided the information technology–based software utilized for the effects,[59] while Edwark Quirk supervised over the computer-generated imagery used in the film.[56] Resul Pookutty was responsible for the film's sound design.[23]

Kleiser (right) and Khan on the sets of Ra.One

The idea for converting the film to 3-D was put forth during filming, and was implemented in July 2011 due to a revived interest in 3-D films.[3] The process required 2,600 artists to convert 4,400 shots of the film.[57] The sound design involved bridging the real and the virtual world,[60] and the required sound enhancements were achieved by using the Dolby Surround 7.1 system.[23] Incorporating the visual effects began in April 2010,[61] and was preceded by extensive research.[29] 1,200 artists worked for 2½ years to complete the visual effects work.[62] A number of complex procedures were executed, including cubical transformations and the design of the faceless form of Ra.One.[29][53]

Despite precautions,[17] the post-production faced significant delays owing to the digital inter-mediation,[63] increased work-load due to the 3-D and dubbed versions of the film,[64] and delays in the completion of the visual effects.[65] The post-production also faced budget constraints[58] and witnessed an overuse of CGI according to the cinematographer.[41] The delays left only two days for printing the film and sending it to theaters, generating significant anxiety over a possible delay in the release.[65] Khan subsequently kept strict tabs on the progress of work,[63] and postponed his knee surgery so as to complete the film on time.[66]

Costumes

A man staring at an unseen object, wearing a grey costume.
G.One's costume prior to the addition of visual effects

The body suits worn by Khan and Rampal were designed by Robert Kurtzman and Tim Flattery, and made by a team of specialists based in Los Angeles.[67] Sinha spent around three months conceptualizing the costumes, watching various superhero films so as to design a costume not created already. He then wrote a 23-page document with his sketches and details of what he wanted, and gave it to the designers to work upon.[3] To create the suit, Khan was required to enter a small chamber where a warm latex-like liquid was released up to his neck and allowed to solidify, forming the mold which was then peeled off his body. The suit was joined by a concealed zipper and subsequently modified.[68] Computer-generated embellishments such as light beams and electricity were added to the suits after Khan expressed dissatisfaction with the initial rushes of the film.[69] A total of 21 costumes were made for the film, with each suit reportedly costing ₹1 crore (US$120,000).[70]

Khan's suit was made of reinforced latex, colored steel-blue and fitted with micro-computer circuitry.[68] Rampal's suit was made of three-inch thick solid rubber, and was red in color. Both actors were required to wear additional suits inside their body suits so as to prevent skin contact.[9] Wearing the suits created a number of difficulties for the actors. It took 20 minutes to put on the suits and 40 minutes to remove them.[9] In addition, the non-porous nature of the suits created intense heat inside, causing excessive perspiration despite the presence of special air conditioning ducts.[14] Khan later felt that the suits' conception had been a mistake since filming occurred during the day; digital adjustments to the suits brought "all the efforts to naught."[25]

Manish Malhotra designed the look and the costume of Kareena Kapoor for the song "Chammak Challo", which received widespread media coverage.[71] Kapoor wore a red sari draped in the style of a dhoti.[72] Since the release of the song, the costume was termed a "fashion rage,"[73] becoming popular in India and some overseas countries. Fashion experts applauded the costume and Kapoor's ability to carry it off "stunningly," though certain experts dismissed the naming of the sari color.[71]

Soundtrack

Main article: Ra.One (soundtrack)

The soundtrack of Ra.One was composed by Vishal-Shekhar, with the lyrics being written by Atahar Panchi, Vishal Dadlani and Kumaar.[74] A. R. Rahman provided the background score for a single sequence.[75] Sinha announced that R&B singer Akon and the Prague Philharmonic Orchestra would be a part of the soundtrack;[74] the former lent his vocals for "Chammak Challo" and "Criminal", while the latter performed in "Bhare Naina". The composers obtained the official license to use Ben E. King's "Stand By Me," on which they based the song "Dildaara."[74] The soundtrack contains fifteen tracks, including seven original songs, four remixes, three instrumentals and an international version of "Chammak Challo".[74] The music rights were bought by T-Series for ₹15 crore (US$1.8 million).[23] The Hindi version of the soundtrack was released on September 12, 2011; the Tamil and Telugu versions were released on October 10, 2011, featuring six tracks each.[76]

Release

Statistics

In India, the Hindi version of Ra.One was released on 3,100 screens in 2,100 theaters, breaking the record for the widest Bollywood release previously held by Bodyguard (2011).[77] The Tamil and Telugu versions were released on 275 prints and 125 prints respectively.[78] A week before the release, multiplex owners throughout India decided to allot 95% of the total available screen space to the film.[79] Overseas, Ra.One was released on approximately 1,500 screens through 904 prints, including 600 prints in Germany, 344 prints in the USA, 200-300 prints in South Korea, 202 prints in the UK, 79 prints in the Middle East, 75 prints in Russia, 51 prints in Australia, 49 prints in Canada and 25 prints in New Zealand and Taiwan.[80] In early October 2011, a partnership deal was being finalized by the distributors to allow the film to be released in China across 1,000 prints.[81] In addition, the film was released in Pakistan and non-traditional territories like Brazil, Spain, Italy, Greece and Hong Kong.[82] The 3D version was released in 550 screens across the world.[77] Ra.One was noted for the extensive use of digital prints, reportedly making up 50-60% of the total release;[81] in India, the film was exhibited in over 1,300 digital theaters, breaking the record previously held by Bodyguard.[77] The wide digital release was implemented to lower distribution costs, make the film accessible to a wider audience and reduce piracy.[81] However, despite the measures taken, pirated versions of Ra.One were available on the Internet within hours of the film's release.[83]

Marketing

Main article: Marketing of Ra.One

The producers of Ra.One spent ₹52 crore (US$6.2 million) for the film's marketing,[84] out of which ₹15 crore (US$1.8 million) was utilized for internet promotions alone.[85] The film's first theatrical poster was released in December 2010,[27] and was followed by the release of two teaser trailers during the 2011 ICC Cricket World Cup.[86] The first theatrical trailer premiered three months later.[87] Khan and Sinha undertook a multi-city tour during which they unveiled a 3,600 feet-long piece of fan mail to collect audience messages.[88] The official website of Ra.One was launched on May 31, 2011, and an official YouTube channel for the film was subsequently unveiled.[89] On October 20, 2011, Khan held a live chat with fans on Google Plus, the first time an Indian film personality had done so.[90] Rampal's look in the film, which had been kept secret,[91] was revealed in late October 2011.[92]

The film's marketing utilized merchandise and games to facilitate the creation of a franchise.[93] Khan partnered with Seventymm to market merchandise related to the film,[94] which included toys, tablets and apparel.[95] On October 14, 2011, a gaming tournament featuring games like Call of Duty was conducted in Mumbai and telecast live on YouTube.[96] Red Chillies Entertainment partnered with Sony Computer Entertainment Europe to create "Ra.One – The Game," a game for PlayStations which was released on October 5, 2011.[97] The producers further collaborated with UTV Indiagames to design a social game titled Ra.One Genesis, with an independent plot based on G.One,[93] in addition to designing digital comics based on the film's characters.[98]

Screenings

In May 2011, the first rushes of Ra.One were shown to the cast of Khan's other home production Always Kabhi Kabhi (2011).[99] Subsequently, the film was screened for test audiences to study and gauge the film's appeal across different age groups.[100] A few days prior to the theatrical release, Khan arranged a special screening of the film's final cut in Yash Raj Studios, where he invited close friends, his family and the film's crew.[101] Between October 24 and 26, 2011, Ra.One had international premieres in Dubai, London and Toronto, all of which were chosen due to their international significance and large South Asian populations.[102] The premiere in Dubai was held on October 24, 2011 at the Grand Cinemas, Wafi. A high-profile dinner and charity auction followed, where Khan raised AED30,000 (approximately US$8,200) to build a workshop for children with special needs.[103] The premiere included three simultaneous screenings of the film, for which tickets were placed on sale for the public.[104] The premiere in London took place at the O2 Cineworld the following day, and the premiere in Toronto took place at the TIFF Bell Lightbox on October 26, 2011.[105]

Ra.One was submitted to the Central Board of Film Certification on October 14, 2011 to receive its viewership rating. The Board raised strong objections to the film's action scenes, fearing that they would influence young children to emulate the stunts. The police and the Indian Railways security force had made similar objections to the train-based stunts in the film, claiming that youngsters would "blindly imitate them" and hence put their lives at risk.[106] The film was finally passed with a 'U' certificate without cuts, but under the condition that prominent disclaimers were shown, stating that the stunts were computer-generated and should not be imitated.[107] The British Board of Film Classification rated the film 12A for "moderate fantasy violence".[1] In March 2012, a Mid-Day report alleged that Ra.One had received a favorable rating, pointing out that the producers had violated the rules by meeting the Board officials during the screening.[108]

Controversies

Ra.One faced allegations of plagiarism and similarities with other films. When reports described the film's similarities to the Tamil science-fiction film Enthiran (2010), Khan said, "They [Enthiran and Ra.One] are different films."[109] The film faced other allegations of plagiarism as well, with particular emphasis on the similarities with Terminator 2: Judgment Day (1991), the Batman series, Iron Man (2008), The Sorcerer's Apprentice (2010) and Tron: Legacy (2010).[110] Khan denied the allegations, saying, "I got inspired from a lot of superhero movies but the movie is original. In fact, Ra.One will be the first superhero-based movie in the world in which the superhero lives in a family."[111]

Ra.One also faced technical controversies. On June 3, 2011, three days after its launch, the official website of the film was hacked by suspected Pakistani cyber criminals who stated that the act was in revenge for a similar attack on a Karachi press club website. The hackers defaced the homepage and left a note threatening the Indian Press Club.[112] Despite precautions, the song "Chammak Challo" was leaked several months before the official release of the soundtrack. Khan clarified that the leaked song was a "rough version" of the actual song, and that the person responsible for the leak was being looked for. He subsequently refuted claims that the leak had been engineered as a publicity stunt.[113]

A few days before the release, screenwriter Yash Patnaik claimed that Ra.One resembled a concept that he had developed several years before. Patnaik appealed to the Bombay High Court to delay the film's release, until he was given due credit or 10% of the film's overall profit.[114] The court, observing prima facie evidence that there had been copyright violations, asked the filmmakers to deposit ₹1 crore (US$120,000) with the court on October 21, 2011 before releasing the film. However, Patnaik challenged the court's decision and demanded that the producers give him credit and not cash.[115] Sinha later claimed that he alone had developed the film's story.[116]

Television and home media

The television broadcasting rights for Ra.One were bought by Star India for a then-record sum of ₹35 crore (US$4.2 million), surpassing 3 Idiots (2009).[117] The Indian television premiere of Ra.One took place on January 21, 2012 on STAR Gold, garnering a 28% market sharefor the channel and a TVR of 6.7.[118] Star India subsequently syndicated the television screening rights to Disney XD, where it premiered on June 2, 2012.[119] In May 2012, International Media Distribution announced that Ra.One would be televised on Comcast and Cox, as a part of the celebrations of the Asian Pacific American Heritage Month.[120] Discovery Channel tied up with Red Chillies Entertainment to produce a one-hour program titled "Revealed: The Making of Ra.One," which aired on the channel on March 30, 2012. The program discussed the making of the film in detail, including the visual effects and the challenges faced while filming.[53]

Eros International released the DVD of Ra.One on December 13, 2011 across all regions in one-disc and two-disc packs complying with the NTSC format.[121] The DVD of the film contained alternate endings. Initially, Khan had wanted to add alternate endings to the theatrical release itself, but later deemed it risky. The DVD version was made interactive as well.[122] VCD and Blu-Ray versions of the film were also released.[123][124]

Reception

Main articles: Reception of Ra.One and List of awards received by Ra.One

Upon release, Ra.One received mixed reviews from critics in India[125] and generally positive reviews overseas. Review aggregate website Rotten Tomatoes reported that 79% of 14 critics gave Ra.One a positive review, with an average critic rating of 6/10, granting the film a "Fresh" consensus.[126] On Metacritic, which assigns a weighted mean from film reviews, Ra.One holds a rating of 60% based on eight reviews, signifying "mixed or average reviews."[127]

"Some of the scenes are surely entertaining but when one goes to watch a SRK film, one hopes to be entertained throughout, and sadly Ra.One fails to do so."[128]

—Zee News review; contrarily, several other reviews praised the film's entertainment value.[129][130]

Positive reviews described the film as an ambitious initiative and a technological success, with some critics thinking that Ra.One had put Indian films on par with Hollywood.[14][131] The visual effects received near-universal praise, though dissenting opinions stated that they were "all over the place".[132] The action sequences were also widely praised.[133][134] Other aspects of the film received more polarizing opinions, and one very positive review was criticized for "over-rating" the film.[135] Mixed views were opined regarding the plot's gaming concept, with some critics deeming it "far-fetched" and others lauding the "gaming-style aesthetics".[126][136] Similarly, some critics called the emotional scenes "fulfilling" while others felt them to be "lacking in connect with the audience".[137][138]

The story was negatively received by several critics, with a number of them deeming it to be disappointing and lacking in originality;[133][139] one critic praised the original idea but criticized its "Bollywoodization".[2] The direction was criticized in a number of reviews, though a few critics praised Sinha's pacing of the film and the execution of the action sequences.[134][136] Some critics pointed to the presence of scenes which were not child-friendly, despite Ra.One being promoted as a children's film.[140] Particular reviews criticized the lack of character development and the film's "incoherently hackneyed morality".[141][142] A few critics panned the film as a whole, describing it as a "mess";[143] one review commented, "It's convenient to say that if you have no expectations from the film, you wouldn't be disappointed."[144]

After its release, Ra.One received numerous nominations and awards in India and abroad, a majority of them for its technical aspects. The film notably won the National Film Award and the Filmfare Award for Best Special Effects,[145][146] and four International Indian Film Academy Awards.[147] The film also received several business awards for its marketing and distribution.[148] On the other hand, the film received negative ("dishonorable") awards as well. Ra.One won the titles of Worst Film and Worst Director at the Golden Kela Awards,[149] and also won the Worst Film award at the Ghanta Awards.[150]

Economics

Main article: Economics of Ra.One

Pre-release

The budget of Ra.One was the subject of significant speculation prior to its release. A number of estimates placed the budget between ₹140 crore (US$17 million)[151] and ₹200 crore (US$24 million). It was universally accepted that the film was the most expensive Bollywood film of all time,[95] with certain sources stating that the film was the most expensive Indian film ever.[152] The official budget was declared to be ₹125 crore (US$15 million) after tax rebates.[153] Khan stated that he had "worked very hard" to finance the film without borrowing money,[154] and reportedly hosted a television show just to finance the film.[155] Ra.One earned ₹132 crore (US$16 million) from pre-release revenue sources, setting a new record for Bollywood films.[156]

The extensive marketing campaign greatly increased audience expectations of the film. Ra.One set records for the level of pre-release buzz for a Bollywood film,[89] and also topped a number of polls gauging the most awaited Bollywood films of the year.[157][158] Anticipation for the film was equally high among the trade analysts, with some commenting that the film would pass the ₹100 crore (US$12 million) mark in one week and the ₹300 crore (US$36 million) mark in over three weeks.[117] Advance bookings commenced on October 20, 2011 on a limited scale, and expanded later. While initial ticket sales were low,[159] they picked up considerably near the release date. A few days prior to the release, the advance booking was described as "phenomenal,"[159] with an overall advance booking rate of 20–25% across the country.[160] A number of advantages of the film's release were pointed out, such as the festive season and higher 3D ticket prices, though there had been doubt regarding the timely release of the 3D version.[161]

Box office

The overall box office collections have been tabulated. Detailed figures can be accessed in the main article
Territory Collections Rank* Reference
India ₹114.78 crore (US$14 million)** #3 [162][163]
Distributor share:
₹63.61 crore (US$7.6 million)**
Overseas (Outside India) $9.2 million #2 [164][165]
$2,511,689 (United States–Canada)
Worldwide ₹202 crore (US$24 million)** #3 [166][167]
With dubbed versions:
₹240 crore (US$29 million)%
Symbols
* For 2011 Bollywood releases only; ** Hindi version only; % Estimate

In India, Ra.One debuted at the beginning of the five-day Diwali weekend, and subsequently broke the Diwali opening day record.[168] The film then set the records for the biggest single-day net revenue and the biggest three-day opening weekend earned by a Bollywood film, breaking the previous records held by Bodyguard.[169][170]

Subsequently, the film began to suffer significant drops in its collections, with its five-day extended weekend and nine-day extended week coming second to the records of Bodyguard.[171] The film faced an 84 percent drop in collections in its second week and fell a further 90 percent in its third week, the latter primarily due to the release of Rockstar.[172][173] The dubbed versions showed similar trends.[171]

In overseas markets, Ra.One earned the highest three-day and five-day opening weekends among the Bollywood releases of 2011;[174][175] by its second weekend, the film had become the highest-grossing Bollywood film of 2011 in overseas markets, but the collections suffered drops throughout.[176] In general, families and children formed the major portion of the film's audience,[177] and the 3D version is regarded as a success.[178]

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