Chicago
Template:ChicagoInfoBox2 Chicago, Illinois — officially the City of Chicago and colloquially known as Chicago, the Second City and the Windy City — is the third largest city of the United States after New York City and Los Angeles and is the largest inland city of the nation. According to the 2000 census, it has a population of 2,896,016 people. Classified as a world class city, it is the fourth largest in North America and the seventh largest in Western Hemisphere. The city itself covers 606.1 km² (234.0 mi²) but when combined with its suburbs and eight collar counties, forming the greater metropolitan area known as Chicagoland, it encompasses more than 5,000 mi² with a population that nears approximately 10 million people. Chicago and Chicagoland, when combined with the greater Milwaukee region, is often considered a megacity or megalopolis with a population that nears approximately 12 million people.
A former frontier town in existence for over 175 years, Chicago is located in the midwest state of Illinois along the western shores of Lake Michigan. With several colloquial nicknames, Chicago is ranked by the Globalization and World Cities Study Group and Network as one of the ten alpha world cities. Chicago is known for its cultural and ethnic diversity and frontier and political history. Its unique cuisine, skyscrapers and sports teams are also the most recognized symbols of the city.
History
Early days
During the mid 1700s, the Chicago area was inhabited primarily by Potawatomis, who took the place of the Miami and Sauk and Fox who had controlled the area previously. The name Chicago originates from "Checagou" (Chick-Ah-Goo-Ah) or "Checaguar" which in the Potawatomi language means 'wild onions' or 'skunk'. The area was so named because of the smell of rotting marshland onions that used to cover it. The first non-native settler in Chicago was Jean Baptiste Point du Sable, a Haitian of African descent, who settled on the Chicago River in the 1770s and married a local Potawatomi woman. In 1795, following the War of the Wabash Confederacy, the area of Chicago was ceded by the Native Americans in the Treaty of Greenville to the United States for a military post. In 1803, Fort Dearborn was built and remained in use until 1837, except between 1812 and 1816 when it was destroyed in the Fort Dearborn Massacre during the War of 1812.
Incorporation
On August 12, 1833, the Town of Chicago was incorporated with a population of 350. The first boundaries of the new town were Kinzie, Desplaines, Madison, and State streets, which included an area of about three-eighths of a square mile (1 km²).
Within 7 years the primarily French and Native American town had a population of over 4,000. Chicago was granted a city charter by Illinois on March 4, 1837. The opening of the Illinois and Michigan Canal in 1848, allowed shipping from the Great Lakes through Chicago to the Mississippi River and so to the Gulf of Mexico. The first rail line to Chicago, the Galena & Chicago Union Railroad was completed the same year. Chicago would go on to become the transportation hub of the United States with its road, rail, water and later air connections. Chicago also became home to national retailers offering catalog shopping using these connections like Montgomery Ward and Sears, Roebuck and Company.
Growth
Due to the geography of Chicago, early citizens faced many problems. The prairie bog nature of the area provided a fertile ground for disease-carrying insects. Early on, Chicago's population and commerce growth was stymied by lack of good transportation infrastructure. History shows that this problem was soon remedied. During spring Chicago was so muddy from the high water that horses would be stuck, past their legs in the street. One dirt road was so hazardous that it became known as the "Slough of Despond". Comical signs proclaiming "Fastest route to China" or "No Bottom Here" were placed out to warn people of the mud.
To address these transportation problems, the board of Cook County commissioners, decided to improve two country roads toward the West and Southwest. The first road went west, crossing the "dismal Nine-mile Swamp," crossed the Des Plaines River, and went southwest to Walker's Grove, now known as Plainfield. There is a dispute about the route of the second road to the South.
Early Chicago was also plagued by sewer and water problems. Many people described it as the filthiest city in America. To solve this problem Chicago embarked on the creation of a massive sewer system. In the first phase sewage pipes were laid across the city above ground with gravity moving the waste. Then in 1855 the level of the city was raised four to seven feet (one to two meters), with individual buildings jacked up and fill brought in to raise streets above the swamp and the newly laid sewer pipes.
By 1857 Chicago was the largest city in what was then known as the Northwest. In a period of twenty years Chicago grew from 4,000 people to over 90,000.
The 1860 Republican National Convention in Chicago nominated home state candidate Abraham Lincoln.
At the election of April 23, 1875 the voters of Chicago choose to operate under the Illinois Cities and Villages Act of 1872. Chicago still operates under this act, in lieu of a charter. The Cities and Villages Act has been revised several times since, and may be found in Chapter 65 of the Illinois Compiled Statutes.
Great Chicago Fire
In 1871, most of the city burned in the Great Chicago Fire. The damage was immense: 300 people had died, 18,000 buildings were destroyed and nearly 100,000 of the city's 300,000 residents were left homeless. One of the factors attributed to the fire's spread was the abundance of wood; the streets, sidewalks and many buildings were built of wood. Due to the extensive damage, the city needed to be rebuilt which gave city planners a clean slate to fix the problems of the past. In the following years, Chicago architecture would become influential throughout the world. The first skyscraper in the world was constructed in 1885 using novel steel skeleton construction.
See also: Great Chicago Fire
20th century
Lake Michigan — the primary source of fresh water for the city — was already highly polluted from the rapidly growing industries in and around Chicago, a new way of procuring clean water was needed. The city embarked on a large tunnel excavation project and began building tunnels below Lake Michigan to newly built water cribs. The water cribs were two miles (three kilometers) off the shore of Lake Michigan. The cribs failed to bring enough clean water because spring rains would wash the polluted water from the Chicago River into them. In 1900 this problem was solved by reversing the direction of the Chicago river's flow with the construction of the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal
Geography
Chicago is located in northeastern Illinois at the southwestern tip of Lake Michigan. When the city we know today was initially founded in the 1830s the land was swampy and most of the early building began around the mouth of the Chicago River. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Chicago has a total area of 606.1 km² (234.0 mi²), of which 588.3 km² (227.1 mi²) is land and 17.8 km² (6.9 mi²) is water. The total area is 2.94% water. The city has been built on relatively flat land; the average height of land is 579 feet (176 meters) above sea level. The city lies beside Lake Michigan and two rivers, the Chicago in Downtown Chicago and the Calumet in the industrial Far South Side, entirely or partially flow through Chicago. The Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal connects the Chicago River with the Des Plaines River, which runs to the southwest of the city.
Climate
Chicago has a climate typical of the U.S. Midwest. Sudden changes of weather, large daily temperature ranges, and random precipitation patterns are all staples of Chicago weather. Chicago is known for having hot summers and brutal winters, with extreme temperature changes. The seasons in Chicago are very unpredictable and, although at times very well defined, can linger into months that they do not traditionally occupy. For example, in Chicago it has snowed in September (1942), been 90°F (33°C) in March (1982), and had a day where the high and low temperatures differed by more than 65°F (31°C) in one day (February 8, 1900).
In a typical Chicago summer, temperatures are usually expected to reach anywhere between 72°F and 84°F (23°C and 28°C). Overnight temperatures in summer are usually around 62°F (17°C). Yearly precipitation comes in at an average of about 33 inches (838 mm). Summer in Chicago is prone to thunderstorms, and rainfall events in Chicago in summer are usually confined to short-lived hit-or-miss storms rather than a prolonged rainfall. In a normal summer, temperatures can be expected to exceed 90°F (33°C) on 14 days. Contrary to what one might think, summer is actually the rainiest season in Chicago.
Winter in Chicago is a variable and fickle season. The average Chicago winter produces 37.0 inches (949 mm) of snow. This number can prove unreliable, as Chicago winters have produced between 9.8 and 87.0 inches (251 and 2231 mm) of snow. Snow tends to fall in light accumulations of around 2 inches (51.2 mm), but about once per year Chicago experiences a storm that can produce 10 to 14 inches (256 to 359mm) of snow in one day. Temperatures can vary wildly within the span of one week, but extended periods of temperatures below 32°F (0°C) are not uncommon in January and February. The temperature in January averages about 25°F (-4°C) in the afternoon, and 10°F (-12°C) at night. Temperatures can be expected to drop below 0°F (-18°C) on 15 days throughout the winter season. Although rare, temperatures in Chicago even in the middle of winter can reach 50°F (10°C). The highest temperature ever recorded in Chicago is an unofficial 109°F (44°C) on July 24, 1935.
Related topics
Law and Government
The government of the City of Chicago is divided into executive and legislative branches. The mayor is the chief executive, elected by general election for a term of four years. The mayor appoints commissioners and other officials who oversee the various departments. The current mayor is Richard M. Daley. In addition to the mayor, Chicago's two other citywide elected officials are the clerk and the treasurer. The City Council is the legislative branch and is made up of 50 aldermen, one elected from each ward in the city. The council enacts local ordinances and approves the city budget. Government priorities and activities are established in a budget ordinance usually adopted each November. The council takes official action through the passage of ordinances and resolutions.
Politics
The modern era of politics is still in many ways dominated by machine politics, a style honed and perfected by Richard J. Daley after his election in 1955. Further evidence of this is the fact that his son, Richard M. Daley, is the current mayor. Another point of interest is the party leanings of the city. For much of the last century, Chicago has been considered one of the largest Democratic strongholds in the United States. For example, the citizens of Chicago have not elected a Republican mayor since 1927, when William Thompson was voted into office. Today only one city council member is Republican.
Law Enforcement
The Chicago Police Department, also known as the CPD, is the principal law enforcement agency of Chicago, Illinois, under the jurisdiction of the mayor of Chicago. It is the largest police department in the U.S. Midwest and the second largest in the nation (with 13,619 sworn officers and 2,625 other employees as of 2003), and one of the oldest organized police forces in the world. Currently, the Chicago Police Department is nationally accredited by the Commission on Accreditation for Law Enforcement Agencies. There are twenty-five police districts, each led by a commander. Each commander oversees a network of administrative and operational departments that include patrol officers, detective forces, and other investigative units. Commanders report to the superintendent of police who in turn is subject to the authority of the mayor of Chicago.
See Also: Chicago Police Department
Related topics
People and Culture
Demographics
People living in the Chicago area are called "Chicagoans."
As of the censusTemplate:GR of 2000, there are 2,896,016 people, 1,061,928 households, and 632,909 families residing in the city of Chicago proper. This encompasses about one-fifth of the entire population of the state of Illinois and 1% of the population of the United States. The population density is 4,923.0/km² (12,750.3/mi²). There are 1,152,868 housing units at an average density of 1,959.8/km² (5,075.8/mi²). The racial makeup of the city is 41.97% White, 36.77% Black or African American, 0.36% Native American, 4.35% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 13.58% from other races, and 2.92% from two or more races. Of the population, 26.02% are Hispanic or Latino of any race.
Chicago's unique culture arises from it being a melting pot, with nearly even percentages of whites and African-Americans and a sizeable Hispanic minority. The main white ethnic groups in Chicago are Irish, German, Italian and Polish. Chicago has a large Irish-American population on its South Side. Many of Chicago's politicians have come from this population, including the current mayor, Richard M. Daley. Chicago has the largest ethnically Polish population outside of Polish capital of Warsaw, making it one of the most important Polonia centers. It is also considered to be the second-largest Serbian city in the world after Belgrade (which has a population of two million). There are 1,061,928 households, of which 28.9% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 35.1% are married couples living together, 18.9% have a female householder with no husband present, and 40.4% are non-families. Of all households, 32.6% are made up of individuals and 8.7% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.67 and the average family size is 3.50. Of the city population, 26.2% are under the age of 18, 11.2% are from 18 to 24, 33.4% are from 25 to 44, 18.9% are from 45 to 64, and 10.3% are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 32 years. For every 100 females there are 94.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 91.1 males. The median income for a household in the city is $38,625, and the median income for a family is $42,724. Males have a median income of $35,907 versus $30,536 for females. The per capita income for the city is $20,175. Below the poverty line are 19.6% of the population and 16.6% of the families. Of the total population, 28.1% of those under the age of 18 and 15.5% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line. The city itself makes up 23,3% percent of the total population of Illinois, down from a top 44,3% in 1930.
Museums & galleries
- Art Institute of Chicago, 111 S. Michigan Ave. One of the premier museums in the United States. Famous pieces include American Gothic by Grant Wood, and A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte by Georges Seurat
- Chicago Cultural Center (Home Page), 78 E. Washington St. Except holidays, M-Th 10AM-7PM, F 10AM-6PM, Sa 10AM-5PM, Su 11AM-5PM. Built in 1897 as Chicago's first public library, the building now houses the city's Visitor Information Center, galleries, and exhibit halls. The ceiling of Preston Bradley Hall includes a 38-foot Tiffany glass dome.
- Field Museum of Natural History, 1400 S. Lake Shore Dr., +1 312-922-9410. Every day 9AM-5PM. Chicago's natural history museum. Highlights include the largest Tyrannosaurus rex skeleton in the world as well as a great, kids-friendly Egyptian exhibit. $12 ($7 children, seniors and students; Monday and Tuesday are free seasonally).
- Museum of Contemporary Art, 220 E. Chicago Ave., +1 312-280-2660. Tu 10AM-8PM, W-Su 10AM-5PM. Art of all types from around the world made since 1945. $10 ($6 student, free Tu after 5PM).
- Oriental Institute, part of the University of Chicago, one of the best collections of ancient Egyptian and Near Eastern archeology in the world.
- Museum of Science and Industry
- Shedd Aquarium, 1200 S. Lake Shore Dr., +1 312-939-2438. Located on the Museum Campus, the Shedd Aquarium is home to a large collection of marine life from throughout the world. The Pacific Northwest–themed Oceanarium features dolphins, whales, and other animals from the region, as well as a panoramic view of Lake Michigan.
Performing Arts
Chicago is a well-known theater capital and is the Mecca for improvisational comedy. It is home to The Second City and ImprovOlympic, two of the largest comedy troupes in the world. Many world-famous actors and comedians are from Chicago or have studied there, particularly at Northwestern University. Chicago is also arguably the nation's second most prominent theatre destination after Broadway in New York. The city's many theatres, including the landmark Chicago Theatre on State and Lake, attract some a wide variety of plays and musicals. The Chicago Civic Opera also hosts some of the world's premier operas.
Music
For its youth as compared to Eastern cities, Chicago has made many significant pop-cultural contributions. In the field of music, Chicago is well-known for its Chicago blues, but it is also the birthplace of the House style of music, whose history is related to the development and fostering of the techno electronic style of music in nearby Detroit. The rock band Chicago was named after the city, although its original name was the Chicago Transit Authority. The band's name was shortened to Chicago after the CTA threatened to sue them for unauthorized use of the original. Chicago also has its own Symphony Orchestra, which rivals that of New York as the nation's best.
Cuisine
In the field of popular cuisine, Chicago has many signature dishes. Chicago-style pizza is world renowned and synonymous with deep-dish, although different restaurants have different recipes for this and other styles of pizza are still popular in other parts of the city (ie. Thin crusted, greasy pizza is popular on the south side). Chicago is also known for the Chicago-style hot dog, which is a hot dog topped with a variety of different condiments, challenging the relative simplicity of the New York style hot dog favored in other parts of the country. The Maxwell Street polish, which is topped with grilled onions and mustard is also very popular. Chicago also has a long list of world-renowned upscale dining establishments that provide a wide array of cuisine from some of the most well-known chefs in the nation. Some notable destinations include Charley Trotters in the western suburbs, Frontera Grill, a gourmet Mexican restaurant in Chicago, which is owned by Food Network star Rick Bayless and The Everest, a New-French restaurant on the top floor of the Chicago Stock Exchange building in downtown Chicago.
Media
Chicago is considered to command the third-largest market in North America (after New York City and Los Angeles; although Mexico City is larger, its market does not hold such importance) and as such has many different forms of media and outlets to support its status. All of the major US televisions networks have subsidiaries in Chicago. In addition, Chicago has it's own local television network, WGN, which is owned by the Tribune Company and broadcasts nation-wide. There are two major daily newspapers published in Chicago, The Chicago Tribune and the Chicago Sun-Times, with the latter having the larger circulation. There are also a number of regional and special-interest papers such as the Daily Southtown and the Chicago Defender.
Related topics
Economy
Chicago has been a center for commerce in the United States for most of its modern history. Today Chicago remains the United States' second financial center with the nation's second largest central business district and third largest gross metropolitan product. In fact Chicago's gross metropolitan product would rank 18th in the world if it were a nation-state at approximately 380 billion dollars. Before it was incorporated as a town in 1833 the primary industry was the fur trade. Chicago's early explosive growth led many land speculators and enterprising individuals to the area. Situated on the Great Lakes and with so many new people settling the area, Chicago became an ideal location for shipping and receiving goods. With that, many railroads started to be built from Chicago to other parts of the country, further aiding the growth of the city. Additionally, the building of the Illinois and Michigan Canal helped move goods south down the Mississippi River. In the 1840s Chicago became the largest grain port in the world, shipping food from the Mississippi Valley region which was also growing into the largest food-producing region in the world. In 1848 Chicago built its first grain elevator, and in 1858 there were twelve grain elevators dotting the skyline. Carl Sandburg described Chicago as a "stacker of wheat", and some would argue that the grain elevators were Chicago's first skyscrapers. In the 1850s and 1860s Chicago's pork and beef industry exploded. Great entrepreneurs such as Gustavus F. Swift and Philip Armour helped the area to become the largest producer of meat products in the world at the time. By 1862 Chicago had displaced Cincinnati, Ohio, as "Porkopolis". During the 1860s two factors helped this development: First, the Civil War increased the demand for food products, and Chicago's transportation network ensured that goods could be delivered quickly to soldiers all over the northern United States; second, meat packing plants began to utilize ice. Before this time, meat production and distribution facilities, otherwise known as disassembly plants, had to shut down in the hot summer months. More operating months meant hundreds of thousands of new man-hours in which people could work. The efficiency of Chicago's meat packing industry and its disassembly plants inspired others such as Henry Ford when he developed Model-T assembly lines. Today, we consider industries such as steel, oil, and banking to be the great global market segments, but in the 1860s Chicago's pork and beef industry represented the first global industry. As the major meat companies grew in Chicago many, such as Armour, created global enterprises and communicated with divisions spread across the globe via telegraph. Modern-day futures and commodity trading markets were pioneered in Chicago. A number of events led to this, along with Chicago's transportation systems and geographic proximity to the rest of the country. Massive amounts of goods passed through Chicago from places in the Mississippi Valley such as St. Louis, Missouri. Grain was stored in Chicago, and people began buying contracts on it. Later, people as far away as New York City began buying contracts by telegraph on the goods that would be stored in Chicago in the future. From this were established the Chicago Board of Trade (CBOT), the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME), and the modern systems we use today for futures and commodity trading.
Education
Public Education
The Chicago Public Schools (commonly abbreviated as CPS) is the school district that controls over 600 public elementary and high schools in Chicago. It is currently the third largest school district in the United States, with more 400,000 students enrolled in the school district and is led by CEO Arne Duncan. The CPS also includes a number of selective-admission magnet schools which are regarded as some of the best in the nation.
Colleges and Universities
Chicago holds a distinguished place in the United States for higher education as the home of such distinguished schools as the University of Chicago in Hyde Park and Northwestern University in Evanston. The city is also home to many honored catholic universities, including DePaul University in Lincoln Park, Loyola University in Rogers Park, and Edgewater in the Edgewater neighborhood on the city's north side. Chicago is also home to the University of Illinois at Chicago, one of the nation's largest urban public universities and a number of smaller colleges geared towards the fine arts, such as Roosevelt University, Columbia College Chicago, and The School at the Art Institute of Chicago. The city also has a community college system known as the City Colleges of Chicago.
Sports
Chicago is also identified with many sports teams. It is one of the few cities in the United States with two professional baseball teams (Cubs, White Sox) plus professional football (Bears), soccer (Fire), basketball (Bulls), and two professional hockey teams (the Blackhawks and the minor-league Wolves). In the early history of the city, sports were at the heart of some founding legends. During the city's boomtown days local authorities staged a dogfight, knowing that it would attract some of the more unsavory characters on the town's crime scene. As soon as the fight began, police moved in and arrested every criminal and escorted them to the city borders. While the complete truth of the story is sometimes doubted, it is important as an early Chicago legend and does reflect the early days of sports in the city. Early Chicago had only the most primitive of sports. Until about 1850, men outnumbered women and this male-dominated subculture encouraged gambling and drinking, as well as activities such as billiards and horse racing.
Related topics
- Arlington Park
- Chicago Motor Speedway
- Chicago Blitz
- Chicago Rush
- Chicago Enforcers
- Chicago Bruisers
- Chicago Wolves
Transportation
Chicago can be considered one of the prime transportation hubs in America. Much of this status stems from its geographic proximity during a time when the United States was growing quickly in population and area. The Illinois and Michigan Canal, completed in 1848, allowed for transport around the world with connecting waterways through Chicago all the way to New York and the Atlantic, west to St. Louis, and south to New Orleans and the Gulf of Mexico. Chicago then became one of the largest grain and lumber ports in the world, with grain going to more established populations and lumber being sent to the forest-starved prairies where new settlers needed to build. Even today Chicago's importance in global distribution remains as it is the third largest inter-modal port in the world after Hong Kong and Singapore.
Public Transportation
Central African Republic
The Chicago Transit Authority, or CTA, operates the second largest public transportation system in the United States and covers the City of Chicago and 40 surrounding suburbs. On an average weekday, 1.4 million rides are taken on the CTA.
CTA has approximately 2,000 buses that operate over 152 routes and 2,273 route miles. Buses provide about 1 million passenger trips a day and serve more than 12,000 posted bus stops. CTA's 1,190 rapid transit cars operate over seven routes and 222 miles of track. CTA trains provide about 500,000 customer trips each day and serve 144 stations in Chicago, Evanston, Skokie, Wilmette, Rosemont, Forest Park, Oak Park and Cicero.
Chicago is one of the few cities in the world that provides rapid transit service to two major airports. From the downtown area the CTA's Blue Line takes customers to O'Hare International Airport in about 40 minutes and the Orange Line takes customers to Midway Airport in about 30 minutes.
Highways and Roads
The streets of Chicago primarily follow the grid system which was established by the City Council in 1908 and implemented on September, 1st 1909. The baseline from which all streets and houses in Chicago are numbered are State Street, which runs North and South, and Madison Street, which runs East and West. Street numbers begin at "1" at the base lines and run numerically in directions indicated to the city limits. Letters, N,S,E and/or W indicate directions. The City of Chicago is divided into one mile sections which contain 8 blocks to the mile. Every average block is assigned a new series of 100 numbers. Therefore, every 800 in numbers is approximately one mile. There are three exceptions to the 800-to-a-mile rule: Madison (0 N/S) to Roosevelt (1200 S) is one mile, as is Roosevelt to Cermak (2200 S), and Cermak to 31st Street (3100 S). The normal 800 rule resumes south of 31st Street so that 39th Street (3900 S) is one mile south of 31st. Even numbers are found on the North and West sides of the street. Odd numbers are found on the South and East sides. The city of Chicago proper has seven major interstate highways crossing through it, but segments of each highway are named after influential politicians. Each segment represents a major link to the city center, so traffic reports tend to refer to the local highways by segment name instead of number. There is one practical reason for naming the interstate routes throughout the city of Chicago. For example, an individual referring to "55" might be misunderstood as meaning 55th Street instead of Interstate 55. In order to avoid confusion the term "Stevenson" would be more desirable.
Airports
In the 20th century, Chicago held on to its status as a transportation hub with the building of three airports: O'Hare International Airport, Midway Airport, and Meigs Field. Meigs Field, which was closed by Mayor Richard M. Daley in a nighttime coup, was a relatively small airstrip but unique because of its proximity to Chicago's downtown, and as an airstrip for private planes it was one of the busiest in the world. The land is to be converted into a lakeside park. In the 21st century, Chicago is working toward maintaining its status as a U.S. and international transportation hub by working to expand O'Hare International Airport. Additionally, a new airport has been proposed for Peotone, Illinois, and the city is working toward expanding its ties with the Gary/Chicago International Airport in Gary, Indiana.
Related topics
Health and Medicine
The United States has the largest health care system in the world, and Chicago is arguably the capital of that system. The city is first among the major dental and medical training centers in the United States. It is also home to the sprawling Illinois Medical District on the Near West Side, which includes Rush University Medical Center, the University of Illinois at Chicago medical center, and Cook County Hospital, the largest trauma-center in the city and the setting on NBC's popular drama ER, as well as the American Medical Association, the American Hospital Association, the American Dental Association, and the American College of Surgeons. The University of Illinois at Chicago claims to be the largest medical school in the United States (1300 students, including those at campuses in Peoria, Rockford and Urbana-Champaign). Chicago is also home to a large number of nationally recognized medical schools. These include the above-mentioned University of Illinois medical school, Rush Medical College, University of Chicago, Loyola University Chicago, and Northwestern University.
See Also
- Buildings of Chicago
- Parks of Chicago
- Landmarks of Chicago
- Notable Citizens of Chicago
- Tallest Buildings in Chicago
- Major Companies of Chicagoland
- Chicago City Hall
- List of Chicago city departments
- List of mayors of Chicago
- Chicago aldermen
- Municipal Flag of Chicago
- Multilevel streets in Chicago
- Rail stations of Chicago
- List of sister cities of Chicago
References
When creating references please refer to the Wikipedia Cite Sources guidelines.
- City of Chicago Homepage
- The Encyclopedia of Chicago ISBN 0226310159
- The Encyclopedia of Chicago (online version)
- City of the Century: The Epic of Chicago and the Making of America by Donald L. Miller ISBN 0684801949
