1520s in England
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Events from the 1520s in England.
Incumbents
- Monarch – Henry VIII
- Regent – Thomas Howard, 2nd Duke of Norfolk (starting 31 May, until 16 July 1520)[1]
- Parliament – Black (starting 15 April, until 13 August 1523), Reformation (starting 3 November 1529)
Events
- 1520
- 26 May – 31 May: Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor visits King Henry VIII at Dover and Canterbury.[2]
- 7 June – 24 June: King Henry VIII and King Francis I of France meet at the Field of the Cloth of Gold.[2]
- 1521
- 17 May – Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham, is executed for treason.[2]
- 25 September – secret Treaty of Bruges signed by Emperor Charles V and Cardinal Wolsey agreeing to declare war on France in 1523.[2]
- 11 October – Pope Leo X bestows Henry VIII with the title Defender of the Faith for his work Assertio Septem Sacramentorum (The Assertion of the Seven Sacraments) attacking the teachings of Martin Luther.[2]
- 1522
- Late May – England presents an ultimatum to France and Scotland.[3]
- 19 June – Charles V visits England for six weeks and signs the Treaty of Windsor pledging a joint invasion of France, bringing England into the Italian War of 1521–1526.[2] Henry VIII has the Round Table at Winchester Castle repainted with his own image for the visit.
- July – the English army attacks Brittany and Picardy from Calais, burning and looting the countryside.[4]
- Muster rolls are compiled in the counties.
- 1523
- April – Thomas More elected Speaker of the House of Commons.[2]
- Thomas Howard raids Scotland, sacking Kelso and Jedburgh.[3]
- Anthony Fitzherbert publishes Diversité de courtz et leur jurisdictions, The Boke of Surveyinge and Improvements and The Boke of Husbandrie (the first work on agriculture published in England).
- 1524
- 25 May – Henry VIII and Charles V form an alliance to support Charles III, Duke of Bourbon in his dispute with Francis I of France.[2]
- Henry VIII receives a "box of marmalade" from Mr Hull of Exeter.[5]
- 1525
- June – the Amicable Grant, a form of poll tax imposed without the consent of Parliament, abandoned.[3]
- 16 June – Henry VIII creates his 6-year old illegitimate son Henry Fitzroy Duke of Richmond and Somerset.
- July – Wolsey founds Cardinal College, Oxford.[3]
- 14 August – peace is agreed between England and France.[2]
- 24–25 December – English Reformation: Robert Barnes preaches an openly evangelical sermon at the church of St Edward King and Martyr, Cambridge, accusing the Catholic Church of heresy.
- William Tyndale's New Testament Bible translation into English is made.[2]
- Hops first cultivated in Kent.[3]
- 1526
- The first of several debasements of coinage, reducing the size of silver coins, and raising the value of the gold sovereign.[3]
- William Tyndale's English translation of the Bible, printed in Germany, reaches England.[3] In October, Cuthbert Tunstall, Bishop of London, attempts to collect all the copies in his diocese and burn them.
- German artist Hans Holbein the Younger begins a two-year stay in England.[2]
- 1527
- 30 April – by the Treaty of Westminster, Cardinal Wolsey signs an alliance between England and France.[2]
- 17 May – Archbishop William Warham holds a secret inquiry into the legality of Henry's marriage to Catherine of Aragon.[3]
- Bishop Vesey's Grammar School, Sutton Coldfield, is founded by John Vesey, Bishop of Exeter; and Sir George Monoux College, Walthamstow, is founded as a grammar school by Sir George Monoux, draper and Lord Mayor of London.
- 1528
- 22 January – Henry VIII and Francis I of France declare war on Emperor Charles V.[2]
- March – trade suspended between England and the Netherlands because of the war with the Holy Roman Empire.[2]
- June – unrest in England caused by economic difficulties due to the war forces the government to seek a truce with the Empire.[2]
- June? – Cardinal Wolsey gives Henry the lease of Hampton Court Palace.[3]
- July – major outbreak of sweating sickness in London.[3]
- 2 October – William Tyndale's The Obedience of a Christian Man (The Obedience of a Christen man, and how Christen rulers ought to govern) is printed in Antwerp for clandestine distribution in England.
- St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle, completed.
- The King's School, Ipswich, is founded by Cardinal Wolsey.
- 1529
- May to July – Wolsey presides over a legatine court at Blackfriars, London to rule on the legality of Henry's marriage to Catherine of Aragon.[3]
- 27 August – Henry VIII accedes to the Treaty of Cambrai.[2]
- 26 October – Cardinal Wolsey falls from power due to his failure to prevent Habsburg expansion in Europe and obtain a divorce for Henry VIII. Thomas More succeeds him as Lord Chancellor.[2]
- 4 November – 17 December: first sitting of the Reformation Parliament.[2]
- Aylesbury is made the county town of Buckinghamshire by the King.
Births
- 1520
- 13 September – William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley, statesman (died 1598)
- 1521
- Anne Askew, Protestant martyr (died 1546)
- John Aylmer, divine (died 1594)
- Thomas Chaloner, statesman and poet (died 1565)
- Philippe de Monte, composer (died 1603)
- Thomas Wyatt the younger, rebel (died 1554)
- 1522
- 24 May – John Jewel, bishop (died 1571)
- 1524
- Thomas Tusser, poet and farmer (died 1580)
- 1525
- 25 March – Richard Edwardes, choral musician, playwright and poet (died 1566)
- 25 September – Steven Borough, explorer (died 1584)
- Edward Sutton, 4th Baron Dudley (died 1586)
- 1526
- 4 March – Henry Carey, 1st Baron Hunsdon (died 1596)
- Henry Manners, 2nd Earl of Rutland, Lord Lieutenant of Nottinghamshire (died 1563)
- 1527
- 13 July – John Dee, mathematician, astronomer, and geographer (died 1608)
- Lawrence Humphrey, clergyman and educator (died 1590)
- 1528
- George Talbot, 6th Earl of Shrewsbury, statesman (died 1590)
- John Dudley, 2nd Earl of Warwick (died 1554)
- 1529
- Henry Sidney, lord deputy of Ireland (died 1586)
Deaths
- 1521
- 17 May – Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham (executed) (born 1478)
- Edward Poyning, Lord Deputy to King Henry VII of England (born 1459)
- 1522
- 25 February – William Lilye, classical scholar (born c. 1468)
- Henry Stafford, 1st Earl of Wiltshire, nobleman (born 1479)
- 1523
- 24 May – Henry Marney, 1st Baron Marney, politician (born 1447)
- October – William Cornysh, composer (born 1465)
- Stephen Hawes, poet (born 1502)
- 1524
- 21 May – Thomas Howard, 2nd Duke of Norfolk, soldier and statesman (born 1443)
- 24 August – William Scott of Scott's Hall, Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports (year of birth unknown)
- 20 December – Thomas Linacre, humanist and physician (born 1460)
- 1525
- 24 February – Richard de la Pole, last Yorkist claimant to the throne (killed in battle) (year of birth unknown)
- 22 July – Richard Wingfield, diplomat (born c. 1456)
- 1526
- 1 February – Charles Somerset, 1st Earl of Worcester (born 1460)
- 1527
- May – Thomas Docwra, Grand Prior of the Knights Hospitaller (born 1458)
- 15 November – Catherine of York Aunt of Henry VIII (born 1479)
- Jane Shore, mistress of King Edward IV of England (born c. 1445)
- 1528
- 5 October – Richard Foxe, churchman (born c. 1448)
- 1529
- 21 June – John Skelton, English poet (born c. 1460)
References
- ^ Powicke, F. Maurice; Fryde, E. B., eds. (1961). Handbook of British Chronology (2nd ed.). London: Butler & Tanner Ltd. p. 39.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 204–210. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 142–145. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
- ^ Hackett, Francis (1937). Francis the First. Garden City, NY: Doubleday. p. 253.
- ^ Public Record Office (1870). Letters and Papers, Foreign & Domestic, of the reign of Henry VIII. Vol. VI. p. 339. Noted by Wilson (1999) p. 31f and by other writers.