2005 in paleontology
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Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils.[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 2005.
Plants
Newly named plants
| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Gen et sp nov |
dubious |
Li |
Early Cretaceous |
Jianshangou Formation |
The type species is Archaeamphora longicervia |
 | ||
|
sp nov |
Valid |
Radtke, Pigg, & Wehr |
Klondike Mountain Formation, Washington |
Oldest confirmed member of the genus Fothergilla |
 | |||
|
sp nov |
Valid |
Radtke, Pigg, & Wehr |
Klondike Mountain Formation, Washington |
One of the oldest occurrences of Corylopsis |
||||
|
Gen et Sp nov |
Valid |
Pigg & DeVore |
Middle Miocene |
"Yakima Canyon Flora" |
A crape myrtle relative, type species S. grahamae |
|||
|
sp nov |
valid |
Denk & Dillhoff |
Ypresian |
An elm, also found in other British Columbian sites and Washington State |
 |
Protozoa
New taxa
| Name | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Valid |
Poinar |
Oldest record of the vector association |
 |
Arthropoda
New taxa
| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Sp nov |
Valid |
Lapolla |
Dominican amber, Hispaniola |
Oldest record of trophophoresy in ants |
 | |||
|
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Menon, Martins-Neto, Martill |
A nymphid lacewing |
|||||
|
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Engel & Grimaldi |
A possible Aneuretinae ant. Type sp. C. occidentalis |
|||||
|
Ge et sp nov |
Valid |
Archibald |
"Tranquille Shale", British Columbia |
Six species named D. andersoni, D. dowsonae, |
 | |||
|
Gen et sp nov |
valid |
Nel, Petrulevicius, & Jarzembowski |
A Libellulid dragonfly, |
 | ||||
|
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Engel & Grimaldi |
A unplaced crown group ant. Type sp. M. gracilis |
 | ||||
|
Gen et sp nov |
jr synonym |
Engel & Grimaldi |
Cenomanian |
Burmese amber |
A stem group ant, |
 | ||
|
Sp nov |
Valid |
Poinar |
Dominican amber, Hispaniola |
Oldest record of the vector association between Triatoma and Trypanosoma |
 |
Xiphosurans
- Fossils of Lunataspis, the earliest known xiphosuran, are discovered in Canada. It was not given a formal description until 2008, however.
Plesiosaurs
New taxa
|
|
Archosauromorphs
Newly named Non-Avian dinosaurs
Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.[12]
| Name | Status | Authors | Age | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Appalachiosaurus[13] | Valid taxon |
|
Late Cretaceous |  USA
|
A Tyrannosaurid from Appalachia |                |
| Archaeodontosaurus | Valid taxon | Middle Jurassic |  Madagascar
|
A early Sauropod | ||
| Auroraceratops | Valid taxon |
|
Early Cretaceous |  China
|
||
| "Bakesaurus" | Nomen nudum |
|
||||
| Baurutitan | Valid taxon |
|
Late Cretaceous |  Brazil
|
||
| Brachytrachelopan[14] | Valid taxon |
|
Middle Jurassic |  Argentina
|
A short necked Sauropod | |
| Buitreraptor[15] | Valid taxon |
|
Late Cretaceous | Argentina
|
A small fish eating raptor | |
| Cathartesaura | Valid taxon |
|
Late Cretaceous | Argentina
|
||
| Changchunsaurus[16] | Valid taxon |
|
Early Cretaceous | China
|
a primitive Ornithopod | |
| Chebsaurus[17] | Valid taxon |
|
from Middle Jurassic to Late Jurassic |  Algeria
|
||
| Condorraptor[18] | Valid taxon |
|
Middle Jurassic | Argentina
|
||
| Daanosaurus[19] | Valid taxon |
|
Late Jurassic | China
|
||
| Dashanpusaurus | Valid taxon |
|
from middle Jurassic to Late Jurassic | China
|
||
| Dubreuillosaurus | Valid taxon |
|
 France
|
|||
| Falcarius[20] | Valid taxon |
|
Early Cretaceous | USA
|
A early Therizinosaur | |
| Ferganocephale[21] | Valid taxon |
|
Middle Jurassic |  Kyrgyzstan
|
A early Pachycephalosaur | |
| "Galveosaurus"[22] | Junior synonym |
|
Junior synonym of Galvesaurus. | |||
| Galvesaurus |
Valid taxon |
|
Early Cretaceous |  Spain
|
||
| Hagryphus | Valid taxon |
|
Late Cretaceous |  Canada
|
||
| Hexinlusaurus | Valid taxon |
|
Middle Jurassic | China
|
||
| Hungarosaurus[23] | Valid taxon |
|
Late Cretaceous |  Hungary
|
||
| Jinfengopteryx[24] | Valid taxon |
|
Early Cretaceous | China
|
||
| Karongasaurus[25] | Valid taxon |
|
Early Cretaceous |  Malawi
|
||
| Lanzhousaurus | Valid taxon |
|
Early Cretaceous | China
|
||
| Nemegtomaia | Valid taxon |
|
Late Cretaceous |  Mongolia
|
||
| Neuquenraptor[26] | Valid taxon |
|
Late Cretaceous | Argentina
|
May be a subjective junior synonym of Unenlagia. | |
| Pedopenna[27] | Valid taxon |
|
Middle Jurassic | China
|
||
| Penelopognathus | Valid taxon |
|
Early Cretaceous | China
|
||
| Puertasaurus | Valid taxon |
|
Late Cretaceous | Argentina
|
||
| Shixinggia[28] | Valid taxon |
|
Late Cretaceous | China
|
||
| Stormbergia | Valid taxon |
|
Early Jurassic |  Lesotho
|
A primitive Ornithischian | |
| Tanycolagreus[29] | Valid taxon |
|
Late Jurassic | USA
|
A primitive Tyrannosaur | |
| Trigonosaurus | Valid taxon |
|
Late Cretaceous | Brazil
|
||
| Tyrannotitan[30] | Valid taxon |
|
Late Cretaceous | Argentina
|
||
| Xinjiangovenator[31] | Valid taxon |
|
Early Cretaceous | China
|
Newly named birds
| Name | Status | Novelty | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Late Miocene |
An Anatidae, the oldest from Africa. |
|||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
An Island Accipitridae. |
||||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Early Middle Eocene |
A Coliiformes, Chascacocoliidae Zelenkov et Dyke, 2008. |
|||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
A Ciconiidae. |
||||||
|
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Late Paleocene |
A Spheniscidae. |
|||||
|
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Early Cretaceous, Early Albian |
An Ornithurae Haeckel, 1866. This is the type species of the genus. |
|||||
|
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Early Eocene |
MP 8; |
|
A Podargiformes, Fluvioviridavidae Mayr, 2005. |
|||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
A Rallidae, in 2011 this species becomes the type species of the new genus Australlus Worthy et Boles, 2011. |
||||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
A Rallidae. |
||||||
|
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
An Ornithuromorphae Chiappe, Ji, Ji et Norell, 1999, Hongshanornithidae O’Connor, Gao et Chiappe, 2010. This is the type species of the genus. | ||||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Late Early Eocene |
An Fregatidae, Limnofregatinae Olson, 1977. |
|||||
|
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
A Prophaethontidae Harrison et Walker, 1976. |
||||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
An Anatidae, extinct since the 16th century. |
||||||
|
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Early Oligocene |
A Parvigruidae Mayr, 2005. |
|||||
|
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
A Cathartidae. |
||||||
|
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Early Middle Eocene |
A Cypselomorphae (Sensu Mayr, 2002). |
|||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Early Middle Eocene |
A Trogonidae, In 2009 Mayr creates the new genus Masillatrogon for this species and makes ?Primotrogon pumilio its type species. |
|||||
|
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Late Pleistocene |
Coastal cliffs near Rio de la Plata estuary |
A Furnariidae. |
||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
A Rallidae. |
||||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
|
||||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
|
||||||
|
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Early Oligocene |
A Pici (sensu Simpson and Cracraft, 1981), family incertae sedis (confer Ramphastidae Vigors, 1825) |
|||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Known from eggshells |
||||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Late Miocene |
Transferred to, and made the type species of a new genus Orientornis Wang, 2008.[55] |
|||||
|
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Middle to Late Maastrichtian |
An ?Anseriformes. This is the type species of the genus. |
Newly named pterosaurs
| Name | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Valid |
|
Upper Cretaceous |
The type species is Bakonydraco galaczi. |
||||
|
Valid |
|
Lower Cretaceous |
The type species is Boreopterus cuiae. | ||||
|
Valid |
|
Early Cretaceous |
The type species is Caulkicephalus trimicrodon. | ||||
|
Valid |
|
Early Cretaceous |
The type species is Eoazhdarcho liaoxiensis. | ||||
|
Valid |
|
Early Cretaceous |
The type species is Eopteranodon lii. | ||||
|
Valid |
|
Early Cretaceous |
The type species is Feilongus youngi. | ||||
|
Synonym |
|
Early Cretaceous |
The type species is Huaxiapterus jii. Huaxiapterus is a junior synonym of Sinopterus[64] | ||||
|
Valid |
|
Early Cretaceous |
The type species is Liaoxipterus brachyognathus. | ||||
|
Valid |
|
Early Cretaceous |
The type species is Nurhachius ignaciobritoi. | ||||
|
Synonym |
|
The type species is Paranurognathus tischlingeri. Paranurognathus is a junior synonym of Anurognathus. |
Synapsids
Non-mammalian
| Name | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Valid |
|
Upper Triassic |
The type species is Irajatherium hernadezi. |
||||
|
Valid |
|
Triassic |
The type species is Madysaurus sharovi. | ||||
|
Valid |
|
Lower Triassic |
The type species is Putillosaurus sennikovi. |
Footnotes
Complete author list
As science becomes more collaborative, papers with large numbers of authors are becoming more common. To prevent the deformation of the tables, these footnotes list the contributors to papers that erect new genera and have many authors.
References
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- ^ Li, H. (2005). "Early Cretaceous sarraceniacean-like pitcher plants from China". Acta Bot. Gallica. 152 (2): 227–234. doi:10.1080/12538078.2005.10515473.
- ^ a b Radtke, M.G.; Pigg, K.B.; Wehr, W.C. (2005). "Fossil Corylopsis and Fothergilla Leaves (Hamamelidaceae) from the Lower Eocene Flora of Republic, Washington, U.S.A., and Their Evolutionary and Biogeographic Significance". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 166 (2): 347–356. doi:10.1086/427483.
- ^ Pigg, K. B.; DeVore, M. L. (2005). "Shirleya grahamae gen. et sp. nov.(Lythraceae), Lagerstroemia-like fruits from the middle Miocene Yakima Canyon flora, central Washington State, USA". American Journal of Botany. 92 (2): 242–251. doi:10.3732/ajb.92.2.242.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Denk, T.; Dillhoff, R.M. (2005). "Ulmus leaves and fruits from the Early-Middle Eocene of northwestern North America: systematics and implications for character evolution within Ulmaceae" (PDF). Canadian Journal of Botany. 83 (12): 1663–1681. doi:10.1139/b05-122. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-08-09. Retrieved 2017-02-28.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|dead-url=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ a b Poinar, G. (2005). "Triatoma dominicana sp. n. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae), and Trypanosoma antiquus sp. n. (Stercoraria: Trypanosomatidae), the First Fossil Evidence of a Triatomine-Trypanosomatid Vector Association". Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases. 5 (1): 72–81. doi:10.1089/vbz.2005.5.72. PMID 15815152.
- ^ LaPolla, J. S. (2005). "Ancient Trophophoresy: A Fossil Acropyga (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from Dominican Amber". Transactions of the American Entomological Society. 131 (1/2): 21–28. JSTOR 25078875.
- ^ Menon, F.; Martins-Neto, R.G.; Martill, D. (2005). "A new Lower Cretaceous nymphid (Insecta, Neuroptera, Nymphidae) from the Crato Formation of Brazil". Gaea, Journal of Geoscience. 1 (1): 11–15.
- ^ a b c Engel, M.S.; Grimaldi, D.A. (2005). "Primitive New Ants in Cretaceous Amber from Myanmar, New Jersey, and Canada (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)". American Museum Novitates. 3485: 1–24. doi:10.1206/0003-0082(2005)485[0001:PNAICA]2.0.CO;2.
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- ^ Nel, A.; Petrulevicius, J.F.; Jarzembowski, E.A. (2005). "New fossil Odonata from the European Cenozoic (Insecta : Odonata : Thaumatoneuridae, Aeshnidae, ?Idionychidae, Libellulidae". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen,. 235 (3): 343–380.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) - ^ Olshevsky, George. "Dinogeorge's Dinosaur Genera List". Retrieved 2008-08-07.
- ^ Carr T.D.; Williamson T.E.; Schwimmer D.R. (2005). "A new genus and species of tyrannosauroid from the Late Cretaceous (Middle Campanian) Demopolis Formation of Alabama". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 25 (1): 119–143. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2005)025[0119:ANGASO]2.0.CO;2.
- ^ Rauhut O.W.M.; Remes K.; Fechner R.; Cladera G.; Puerta P. (2005). "Discovery of a short-necked sauropod dinosaur from the Late Jurassic period of Patagonia". Nature. 435 (2): 670–672. doi:10.1038/nature03623. PMID 15931221.
- ^ Makovicky P.J.; Apesteguia S.; Agnolin F.L. (2005). "The earliest dromaeosaurid theropod from South America". Nature. 437 (7061): 1007–1011. doi:10.1038/nature03996. PMID 16222297.
- ^ Zan S.-Q.; Chen J.; Jin L.-Y.; Li T. (2005). "A primitive ornithopod from the Early Cretaceous Quantou Formation of central Jilin, China". Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 43: 182–193. doi:10.19615/j.cnki.1000-3118.2005.03.003.
- ^ Mahammed, F., E. Läng, L. Mami, L. Mekahl, M. Benhamou, B. Bouterfa, A. Kacemi, S.-A. Chérief, H. Chaouati, and P. Taquet. 2005. The ‘Giant of sour’, a Middle Jurassic sauropod dinosaur from Algeria. Systematic Palaeontology (Vertebrate Palaeontology) Paleovol/Elsevier.
- ^ Rauhut O.W.M. (2005). "Osteology and relationships of a new theropod dinosaur from the Middle Jurassic of Patagonia". Palaeontology. 48 (1): 87–110. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2004.00436.x.
- ^ Ye Y.; Jiang S. (2005). "A new genus of sauropod from Zigong, Sichuan". Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 43: 175–181. doi:10.19615/j.cnki.1000-3118.2005.03.002.
- ^ Kirkland J I.; Zanno L.E.; Sampson S.D.; Clark J.M.; DeBileux D.D. (2005). "A primitive therizinosauroid dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous of Utah". Nature. 435 (7038): 84–87. doi:10.1038/nature03468. PMID 15875020.
- ^ Averianov A.O. T. Martin; Bakirov A.A. (2005). "Pterosaur and dinosaur remains from the Middle Jurassic Balabansai Svita in the northern Fergana depression, Kyrgyzstan (Central Asia)". Palaeontology. 48 (1): 135–155. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2004.00437.x.
- ^ Sánchez-Hernández, B (2005). "Galveosaurus herreroi, a new sauropod dinosaur from Villar del Arzobispo Formation (Tithonian-Berriasian) of Spain". Zootaxa. 1034: 1–20.
- ^ Osi, A (2005). "Hungarosaurus tormai, a new ankylosaur (Dinosauria) from the Upper Cretaceous of Hungary". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 25 (2): 370–383. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2005)025[0370:htanad]2.0.co;2.
- ^ Ji, Q., S. Ji, J. Lu, H. You, W. Chen, and Y. Liu. 2005. First avialian bird from China. Geological Bulletin of China 24 (3): pp. 197-209.
- ^ Gomani, E.M. 2005. Sauropod dinosaurs from the Early Cretaceous of Malawi, Africa: Palaeontologia Electronica 8 (issue 1 - n. 27a): 37 pages.
- ^ Novas F.E.; Pott D. (2005). "New evidence on deinonychosaurian dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of Patagonia". Nature. 433 (7028): 858–861. doi:10.1038/nature03285. PMID 15729340.
- ^ Xu, X., and F. Zhang. 2005. A new maniraptoran dinosaur from China with long feathers on the metatarsus" Naturwissenschaften 92: pp. 173-177Xu, X.
- ^ Lu, J. and B.-K. Zhang. 2005. A new oviraptorid (Theropod: Oviraptosauria) from the Upper Cretaceous of the Nanxiong Basin, Guangdong Province of southern China. Online document (Chinese Extinct Organism Net: https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=zh- CN&u=http://www.dinosaur.net.cn/_Dino_News_2 005/dino20050110.htm&prev=/search%3Fq%3DS hixinggia%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26ie%3DUTF- 8
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- ^ Antoine Louchart; Patrick Vignaud; Andossa Likius; Hassane Taisso Mackaye; Michel Brunet (2005). "A New Swan (Aves: Anatidae) in Africa, from the Latest Miocene of Chad and Libya". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 25 (2): 384–392. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2005)025[0384:ansaai]2.0.co;2.
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- ^ Walter E. Boles (2005). "A Review of the Australian Fossil Storks of the Genus Ciconia (Aves: Ciconiidae), with the Description of a New Species" (PDF). Records of the Australian Museum. 57: 165–178. doi:10.3853/j.0067-1975.57.2005.1440.
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- ^ Gao Chunling; Liu Jinyuan (2005). "A new avian taxon from the Lower Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation of western Liaoning". Global Geology. 24 (4): 313–316.
- ^ Gerald Mayr (2005). "A Fluvioviridavis-like Bird from the Middle Eocene of Messel, Germany". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 42 (11): 2021–2037. doi:10.1139/e05-060.
- ^ Walter E. Boles (2005). "A New Flightless Gallinule (Aves: Rallidae: Gallinula) from the Oligo-Miocene of Riversleigh, Northwestern Queensland, Australia" (PDF). Records of the Australian Museum. 57: 179–190. doi:10.3853/j.0067-1975.57.2005.1441.
- ^ Jeremy J. Kirchman; David W. Steadman (2005). "Rails (Aves: Rallidae: Gallirallus) from Prehistoric Sites in the Kingdom of Tonga, Including a Description of a New Species". Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 118 (2): 465–477. doi:10.2988/0006-324x(2005)118[465:rargfp]2.0.co;2.
- ^ Zhou, Zhou Zhonghe; Zhang Fucheng (2005). "Discovery of an ornithurine bird and its implication for Early Cretaceous avian radiation". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 102 (52): 18998–19002. doi:10.1073/pnas.0507106102. PMC 1323170. PMID 16344487.
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- ^ Estelle Bourdon; Baâdi Bouya; Mohamed Iarochène (2005). "Earliest African Neornithine Bird: A New Prophaethontidae (Aves) from the Paleocene of Morocco". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 25 (1): 157–170. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2005)025[0157:eanban]2.0.co;2.
- ^ Trevor H. Worthy (2005). "A New Species of Oxyura (Aves: Anatidae) from the New Zealand Holocene" (PDF). Memoirs of the Queensland Museum. 51 (1): 259–275.
- ^ Gerald Mayr (2005). "A Chicken-sized Crane Precursor from the Early Oligocene of France" (PDF). Naturwissenschaften. 92 (8): 389–393. doi:10.1007/s00114-005-0007-8. PMID 16052357.
- ^ Marcelo Stucchi; Steven D. Emslie (2005). "A New Condor (Ciconiiformes, Vulturidae) from the Late Miocene/Early Pliocene Pisco Formation, Peru" (PDF). The Condor. 107 (1): 107–113. doi:10.1650/7475.
- ^ Gerald Mayr (2005). "A New Cypselomorph Bird from the Middle Eocene of Germany and the Early Diversification of the Avian Aerial Insectivores". The Condor. 107 (2): 342–352. doi:10.1650/7596.
- ^ Gerald Mayr (2005). "New Trogons from the Early Tertiary of Germany". Ibis. 147 (3): 512–518. doi:10.1111/j.1474-919x.2005.00421.x.
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