Abu Muslim al-Turkmani
Fadel Ahmed Abdullah al-Hiyali | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Birth name | Fadel Ahmed Abdullah al-Hiyali |
| Born | c. 1959 Tal Afar, Nineveh Governorate, Iraq[1] |
| Died | 18 August 2015 Near Mosul, Iraq |
| Allegiance |  Baathist Iraq (until–2003)  Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant |
| Service | Special Republican Guard (until 2003) Military of ISIL (8 April 2013 – 18 August 2015) |
| Rank | Lieutenant Colonel (up until 2003) Deputy Leader of Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant in Iraq (8 April 2013 – 18 August 2015) |
| Battles / wars | |
Fadel Ahmed Abdullah al-Hiyali (died 18 August 2015), better known by his noms de guerre Abu Muslim al-Turkmani (Arabic: أبو مسلم التركماني), Haji Mutazz, or Abu Mutaz al-Qurashi,[2] was the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) governor for territories held by the organization in Iraq. He was considered the ISIL second-in-command (along with his counterpart Abu Ali al-Anbari, who held a similar position in Syria); he played a political role of overseeing the local councils and a military role that includes directing operations against opponents of ISIL.[3] His names were also spelt Fadhil Ahmad al-Hayali, and Hajji Mutazz.
Biography
An ethnic Turkmen born in Tal Afar, Nineveh Governorate, al-Hiyali was an Iraqi Army Colonel under Saddam Hussein.[1][3][4] According to documents discovered in Iraq, al-Hiyali was a lieutenant colonel in the Iraqi military's intelligence unit Istikhbarat (Directorate of General Military Intelligence), who also spent time as a Special Forces officer in the Special Republican Guard right up until the US-led 2003 invasion of Iraq.[5][6] He also fought in the Gulf War[7] prior to his dismissal from the Iraqi Army after US forces arrived, and later joined Sunni insurgents to fight the Americans.[3] He was later made the deputy leader of ISIL in Iraq on 8 April 2013.[7] Like other ISIL leaders, al-Turkmani spent time in a US prison in Iraq, specifically Camp Bucca.[8][9] He once practiced a moderate form of Islam.[3]
He oversaw ISIL-designated governors in various cities and regions of Iraq, including identified shadow governors in areas that ISIL did not control, but had aspirations over.[6] "I describe Baghdadi as a shepherd, and his deputies are the dogs who herd the sheep (ISIL members); the strength of the shepherd comes from his dogs." said Hisham al-Hashimi, a security analyst who had access to documents discovered which provided details on al-Hiyali.[5][6]
In a June 2015 article in The New York Times, al-Turkmani was said to have been the head of ISIL’s military council. He reportedly led the council of six to nine military commanders who directed the terrorist group's military strategy, according to Laith Alkhouri, a senior analyst at Flashpoint Global Partners.[2]
There were erroneous reports of his death in airstrikes on 7 November 2014 and again in December 2014. This was believed to have been due to a case of mistaken identity and his death was not confirmed by ISIL.[10][11][12][13][2]
Al-Turkmani was killed by a US drone strike while travelling in a car near Mosul, Iraq on 18 August 2015.[10][11] His death was confirmed by ISIL official spokesman and senior leader Abu Mohammad al-Adnani in an audio recording posted on jihadist websites in October 2015.[14] He was succeeded as the ISIL leader in Iraq by Abu Fatima al-Jaheishi.[15]
References
- ^ a b "Islamic State Senior Leadership: Who's Who" (PDF). 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-02-05. Retrieved 8 October 2016.
- ^ a b c Schmitt, Eric (8 June 2015). "A raid on ISIS yields a trove of intelligence". New York Times. Retrieved 10 June 2015.
- ^ a b c d "Brutal Efficiency: The Secret to Islamic State's Success". The Wall Street Journal. 3 September 2014. Retrieved 3 October 2014.(subscription required)
- ^ "The Islamic State" (PDF). Soufan Group. November 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 July 2015. Retrieved 23 April 2015.
- ^ a b "Inside the leadership of Islamic State: how the new 'caliphate' is run". Daily Telegraph. 9 July 2014. Retrieved 3 October 2014.
- ^ a b c "Organizational breakdown of Islamic State". Independent Strategy and Intelligence Study Group. 2 July 2014. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
- ^ a b Guidère, Mathieu (20 September 2017). Historical Dictionary of Islamic Fundamentalism (2nd ed.). Rowman & Littlefield. p. 455. ISBN 978-1-5381-0670-9.
- ^ "How America Helped ISIS". The New York Times. 1 October 2014. Retrieved 3 October 2014.
- ^ "Who runs the militant group Islamic State?". Reuters. Retrieved 8 October 2014.
- ^ a b "U.S.: ISIS No.2 killed in U.S. drone strike in Iraq". CNN. 22 August 2015. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
- ^ a b "Islamic State 'deputy' killed in air strike, US says". BBC News. 21 August 2015. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
- ^ Bradley, Matt; Adnan, Ghassan; Schwartz, Felicia (9 November 2014). "Coalition airstrikes targeted Islamic State leaders near Mosul". Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 4 February 2015.
- ^ "Abu Muslim al-Turkmani: From Iraqi officer to slain ISIS deputy". Al Arabiya. 19 December 2014.
- ^ "Islamic State confirms death of second-in-command, Fadhil Ahmad al-Hayali, in US air strike". ABC. AFP. 14 October 2015. Retrieved 14 October 2015.
- ^ Al-Tamimi, Aymenn (24 January 2016). "An Account of Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi & Islamic State Succession Lines". pundicity.