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GEM character set

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The GEM character set is the character set of Digital Research's graphical user interface GEM on Intel platforms. It is based on code page 437, the original character set of the IBM PC, and like that set includes ASCII codes 32–126, extended codes for accented letters (diacritics), and other symbols. It differs from code page 437 in using other dingbats at code points 0–31, in exchanging the box-drawing characters 176–223 for international characters and other symbols, and exchanging code point 236 with the symbol for line integral.. However, GEM is more similar to code page 865 because the codepoints of Ø and ø match the codepoints in that codepage.

The Motorola-based GEM adaption for the Atari ST family of computers utilized the similar Atari ST character set. It has swapped ¢ and ø and has also swapped ¥ and Ø (to match code page 437 more). It also has the sharp S (sharp s) at code point 158, reversed not sign (⌐) at code point 169 (as in code page 437), not sign (¬) at code point 170 (as in code page 437), ½ at code point 171 (as in code page 437), ¼ at code point 172 (as in code page 437), ¨ (diaeresis) at code point 184, ´ (acute) at code point 185, ij at code point 192, IJ at code point 193, Hebrew characters at code points 194-220, section sign (§) at code point 221, logical and at code point 222, infinity sign at code point 223, bullet (•) at codepoint 249, cubed sign (superscript three) at code point 254, the macron at code point 255, ATARI-specific characters at codepoints 5, 6, 7, 14, 15, 28, 29, 30, and 31, LED 0-9 at codepoints 16-25, and ə (Schwa) at codepoint 26. Codepoints 12, 13, and 27 are mapped to the C0 controls.

A slight adaption for Ventura Publisher is the similar Ventura International character set, it has code points 0-31, 127, and 218-255 empty, and has swapped ¢ and ø and has also swapped ¥ and Ø (to match code page 437 more).

In contrast to this, the GEM-derived file manager ViewMAX, which shipped with some versions of DR DOS as a DOSSHELL replacement, does not use the GEM character set, but loads its display fonts from DOS .CPI files[1][2][3][4][5][6] depending on the system's current code page.

Character set

The following table shows the GEM character set. Each character is shown with a potential Unicode equivalent, although some codes do not have a unique, single Unicode equivalent; the correct choice may depend upon context. Note that code point 20 (1416) has an unfilled paragraph sign, and code point 188 (BC16) has a filled paragraph sign.

GEM character set[7][8][3][9]
_0 _1 _2 _3 _4 _5 _6 _7 _8 _9 _A _B _C _D _E _F
0_
0
Template:Chset-color-ctrl|NUL
0000
Template:Chset-color-graph-box|
21E7
Template:Chset-color-graph-box|
21E9
Template:Chset-color-graph-box|
21E8
Template:Chset-color-graph-box|
21E6
Template:Chset-color-graph-box|
25FC
Template:Chset-color-graph-box|🗗
1F5D7
Template:Chset-color-graph-box|
25C6
Template:Chset-color-graph-box|
2713
Template:Chset-color-graph-box|🕒︎
1F552
Template:Chset-color-graph-box|🔔︎
1F514
Template:Chset-color-graph-box|
266A
Template:Chset-color-graph-box|
25B4
Template:Chset-color-graph-box|
25BE
Template:Chset-color-graph-box|
25B8
Template:Chset-color-graph-box|
25C2
1_
16
Template:Chset-color-graph|
25BA
Template:Chset-color-graph|
25C4
Template:Chset-color-graph-box|
29D3
Template:Chset-color-graph-box|
2582
Template:Chset-color-punct|
00B6
Template:Chset-color-punct|§
00A7
Template:Chset-color-graph-box|
2195
Template:Chset-color-graph|
21A8
Template:Chset-color-graph|
2191
Template:Chset-color-graph|
2193
Template:Chset-color-graph|
2192
Template:Chset-color-graph|
2190
Template:Chset-color-graph|
221F
Template:Chset-color-graph|
2194
Template:Chset-color-graph|
25B2
Template:Chset-color-graph|
25BC
2_
32
Template:Chset-color-misc|SP
0020
Template:Chset-color-punct|!
0021
Template:Chset-color-punct|"
0022
Template:Chset-color-punct|#
0023
Template:Chset-color-graph|$
0024
Template:Chset-color-punct|%
0025
Template:Chset-color-punct|&
0026
Template:Chset-color-punct|'
0027
Template:Chset-color-punct|(
0028
Template:Chset-color-punct|)
0029
Template:Chset-color-punct|*
002A
Template:Chset-color-graph|+
002B
Template:Chset-color-punct|,
002C
Template:Chset-color-punct|-
002D
Template:Chset-color-punct|.
002E
Template:Chset-color-punct|/
002F
3_
48
Template:Chset-color-digit|0
0030
Template:Chset-color-digit|1
0031
Template:Chset-color-digit|2
0032
Template:Chset-color-digit|3
0033
Template:Chset-color-digit|4
0034
Template:Chset-color-digit|5
0035
Template:Chset-color-digit|6
0036
Template:Chset-color-digit|7
0037
Template:Chset-color-digit|8
0038
Template:Chset-color-digit|9
0039
Template:Chset-color-punct|:
003A
Template:Chset-color-punct|;
003B
Template:Chset-color-graph|<
003C
Template:Chset-color-graph|=
003D
Template:Chset-color-graph|>
003E
Template:Chset-color-punct|?
003F
4_
64
Template:Chset-color-punct|@
0040
Template:Chset-color-letter|A
0041
Template:Chset-color-letter|B
0042
Template:Chset-color-letter|C
0043
Template:Chset-color-letter|D
0044
Template:Chset-color-letter|E
0045
Template:Chset-color-letter|F
0046
Template:Chset-color-letter|G
0047
Template:Chset-color-letter|H
0048
Template:Chset-color-letter|I
0049
Template:Chset-color-letter|J
004A
Template:Chset-color-letter|K
004B
Template:Chset-color-letter|L
004C
Template:Chset-color-letter|M
004D
Template:Chset-color-letter|N
004E
Template:Chset-color-letter|O
004F
5_
80
Template:Chset-color-letter|P
0050
Template:Chset-color-letter|Q
0051
Template:Chset-color-letter|R
0052
Template:Chset-color-letter|S
0053
Template:Chset-color-letter|T
0054
Template:Chset-color-letter|U
0055
Template:Chset-color-letter|V
0056
Template:Chset-color-letter|W
0057
Template:Chset-color-letter|X
0058
Template:Chset-color-letter|Y
0059
Template:Chset-color-letter|Z
005A
Template:Chset-color-punct|[
005B
Template:Chset-color-punct|\
005C
Template:Chset-color-punct|]
005D
Template:Chset-color-graph|^
005E
Template:Chset-color-punct|_
005F
6_
96
Template:Chset-color-graph|`
0060
Template:Chset-color-letter|a
0061
Template:Chset-color-letter|b
0062
Template:Chset-color-letter|c
0063
Template:Chset-color-letter|d
0064
Template:Chset-color-letter|e
0065
Template:Chset-color-letter|f
0066
Template:Chset-color-letter|g
0067
Template:Chset-color-letter|h
0068
Template:Chset-color-letter|i
0069
Template:Chset-color-letter|j
006A
Template:Chset-color-letter|k
006B
Template:Chset-color-letter|l
006C
Template:Chset-color-letter|m
006D
Template:Chset-color-letter|n
006E
Template:Chset-color-letter|o
006F
7_
112
Template:Chset-color-letter|p
0070
Template:Chset-color-letter|q
0071
Template:Chset-color-letter|r
0072
Template:Chset-color-letter|s
0073
Template:Chset-color-letter|t
0074
Template:Chset-color-letter|u
0075
Template:Chset-color-letter|v
0076
Template:Chset-color-letter|w
0077
Template:Chset-color-letter|x
0078
Template:Chset-color-letter|y
0079
Template:Chset-color-letter|z
007A
Template:Chset-color-punct|{
007B
Template:Chset-color-graph||
007C
Template:Chset-color-punct|}
007D
Template:Chset-color-graph|~
007E
Template:Chset-color-graph|
2302
8_
128
Template:Chset-color-letter|Ç
00C7
Template:Chset-color-letter|ü
00FC
Template:Chset-color-letter|é
00E9
Template:Chset-color-letter|â
00E2
Template:Chset-color-letter|ä
00E4
Template:Chset-color-letter|à
00E0
Template:Chset-color-letter|å
00E5
Template:Chset-color-letter|ç
00E7
Template:Chset-color-letter|ê
00EA
Template:Chset-color-letter|ë
00EB
Template:Chset-color-letter|è
00E8
Template:Chset-color-letter|ï
00EF
Template:Chset-color-letter|î
00EE
Template:Chset-color-letter|ì
00EC
Template:Chset-color-letter|Ä
00C4
Template:Chset-color-letter|Å
00C5
9_
144
Template:Chset-color-letter|É
00C9
Template:Chset-color-letter|æ
00E6
Template:Chset-color-letter|Æ
00C6
Template:Chset-color-letter|ô
00F4
Template:Chset-color-letter|ö
00F6
Template:Chset-color-letter|ò
00F2
Template:Chset-color-letter|û
00FB
Template:Chset-color-letter|ù
00F9
Template:Chset-color-letter|ÿ
00FF
Template:Chset-color-letter|Ö
00D6
Template:Chset-color-letter|Ü
00DC
Template:Chset-color-letter-box|ø
00F8
Template:Chset-color-graph|£
00A3
Template:Chset-color-letter-box|Ø
00D8
Template:Chset-color-graph-box|¤
00A4
Template:Chset-color-letter|ƒ
0192
A_
160
Template:Chset-color-letter|á
00E1
Template:Chset-color-letter|í
00ED
Template:Chset-color-letter|ó
00F3
Template:Chset-color-letter|ú
00FA
Template:Chset-color-letter|ñ
00F1
Template:Chset-color-letter|Ñ
00D1
Template:Chset-color-letter|ª
00AA
Template:Chset-color-letter|º
00BA
Template:Chset-color-punct|¿
00BF
Template:Chset-color-punct-box|
201C
Template:Chset-color-punct-box|
201D
Template:Chset-color-punct-box|
2039
Template:Chset-color-punct-box|
203A
Template:Chset-color-punct|¡
00A1
Template:Chset-color-punct|«
00AB
Template:Chset-color-punct|»
00BB
B_
176
Template:Chset-color-letter-box|ã
00E3
Template:Chset-color-letter-box|õ
00F5
Template:Chset-color-graph-box|¥
00A5
Template:Chset-color-graph-box|¢
00A2
Template:Chset-color-letter-box|œ
0153
Template:Chset-color-letter-box|Œ
0152
Template:Chset-color-letter-box|À
00C0
Template:Chset-color-letter-box|Ã
00C3
Template:Chset-color-letter-box|Õ
00D5
Template:Chset-color-punct-box|§
00A7
Template:Chset-color-punct-box|
2021
Template:Chset-color-punct-box|
2020
Template:Chset-color-punct-box|
00B6
Template:Chset-color-graph-box|©
00A9
Template:Chset-color-graph-box|®
00AE
Template:Chset-color-graph-box|
2122
C_
192
Template:Chset-color-punct-box|
201E
Template:Chset-color-punct-box|
2026
Template:Chset-color-punct-box|
2030
Template:Chset-color-punct-box|
2022
Template:Chset-color-punct-box|
2013
Template:Chset-color-punct-box|
2014
Template:Chset-color-graph|°
00B0
Template:Chset-color-letter-box|Á
00C1
Template:Chset-color-letter-box|Â
00C2
Template:Chset-color-letter-box|È
00C8
Template:Chset-color-letter-box|Ê
00CA
Template:Chset-color-letter-box|Ë
00CB
Template:Chset-color-letter-box|Ì
00CC
Template:Chset-color-letter-box|Í
00CD
Template:Chset-color-letter-box|Î
00CE
Template:Chset-color-letter-box|Ï
00CF
D_
208
Template:Chset-color-letter-box|Ò
00D2
Template:Chset-color-letter-box|Ó
00D3
Template:Chset-color-letter-box|Ô
00D4
Template:Chset-color-letter-box|Š
0160
Template:Chset-color-letter-box|š
0161
Template:Chset-color-letter-box|Ù
00D9
Template:Chset-color-letter-box|Ú
00DA
Template:Chset-color-letter-box|Û
00DB
Template:Chset-color-letter-box|Ÿ
0178
Template:Chset-color-letter-box|ß
00DF
Template:Chset-color-undef-box|
 
Template:Chset-color-undef-box|
 
Template:Chset-color-undef-box|
 
Template:Chset-color-undef-box|
 
Template:Chset-color-undef-box|
 
Template:Chset-color-undef-box|
 
E_
224
Template:Chset-color-letter|α
03B1
Template:Chset-color-letter-box|β
03B2
Template:Chset-color-letter|Γ
0393
Template:Chset-color-letter|π
03C0
Template:Chset-color-letter|Σ
03A3
Template:Chset-color-letter|σ
03C3
Template:Chset-color-letter|µ
00B5
Template:Chset-color-letter|τ
03C4
Template:Chset-color-letter|Φ
03A6
Template:Chset-color-letter|Θ
0398
Template:Chset-color-letter|Ω
03A9
Template:Chset-color-letter|δ
03B4
Template:Chset-color-graph-box|
222E
Template:Chset-color-letter-box|ɸ
0278
Template:Chset-color-graph-box|
2208
Template:Chset-color-graph|
2229
F_
240
Template:Chset-color-graph|
2261
Template:Chset-color-graph|±
00B1
Template:Chset-color-graph|
2265
Template:Chset-color-graph|
2264
Template:Chset-color-graph|
2320
Template:Chset-color-graph|
2321
Template:Chset-color-graph|÷
00F7
Template:Chset-color-graph|
2248
Template:Chset-color-graph|°
00B0
Template:Chset-color-graph|
2219
Template:Chset-color-punct|·
00B7
Template:Chset-color-graph|
221A
Template:Chset-color-letter|
207F
Template:Chset-color-digit|²
00B2
Template:Chset-color-graph|
25A0
Template:Chset-color-graph-box|
2205
_0 _1 _2 _3 _4 _5 _6 _7 _8 _9 _A _B _C _D _E _F

  Letter  Number  Punctuation  Symbol  Other  Undefined  Different than code page 437

See also

References

  1. ^ Paul, Matthias R. (2001-06-10) [1995]. "Format description of DOS, OS/2, and Windows NT .CPI, and Linux .CP files" (CPI.LST file) (1.30 ed.). Archived from the original on 2016-04-20. Retrieved 2016-08-20.
  2. ^ Elliott, John C. (2006-10-14). "CPI file format". Seasip.info. Archived from the original on 2016-09-22. Retrieved 2016-09-22.
  3. ^ a b Elliott, John C. (2006-09-03). "Codepage-related software". Seasip.info. Archived from the original on 2016-11-08. Retrieved 2016-11-09.
  4. ^ Brouwer, Andries Evert (2001-02-10). "CPI fonts". 0.2. Archived from the original on 2016-09-22. Retrieved 2016-09-22.
  5. ^ Haralambous, Yannis (September 2007). Fonts & Encodings. Translated by Horne, P. Scott (1 ed.). Sebastopol, California, USA: O'Reilly Media, Inc. pp. 601–602, 611. ISBN 978-0-596-10242-5.
  6. ^ MS-DOS Programmer's Reference. Microsoft Press. 1991. ISBN 1-55615-329-5.
  7. ^ "WordPlus GEM character set". Archived from the original on 2017-01-23. Retrieved 2017-01-23.
  8. ^ Lineback, Nathan. "GEM 3.11 Screen Shots". Toastytech.com. Archived from the original on 2019-11-18. Retrieved 2016-08-01.
  9. ^ Elliott, John C. (2006-09-04). "Fonts for Intel GEM - System Fonts". Seasip.info. Archived from the original on 2017-02-06. Retrieved 2016-09-22.