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Beşiktaş J.K.

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Beşiktaş
File:Besiktas JK.svg
Full nameBeşiktaş Jimnastik Kulübü[1]
Nickname(s)Kara Kartallar (Black Eagles)[2][3]
Siyah Beyazlar (Black and Whites)
Short nameBJK
Founded4 March 1903; 121 years ago (1903-03-04),[4][5][6][7][8]
as Beşiktaş Bereket Jimnastik Kulübü[9]
GroundVodafone Park
Beşiktaş, Istanbul, Turkey
Capacity41,903
PresidentFikret Orman[10]
ManagerŞenol Güneş
LeagueSüper Lig
2023–24Süper Lig, 6th of 20
WebsiteClub website
Current season

Beşiktaş Jimnastik Kulübü (English: Beşiktaş Gymnastics Club), also known simply as Beşiktaş (Turkish pronunciation: [beˈʃiktɑʃ]), is a Turkish sports club founded in 1903, and based in the Beşiktaş district of Istanbul, Turkey.

The club's football team is one of the most successful teams in Turkey, having never been relegated to a lower division. The team last won the Turkish Süper Lig championship during the 2016–17 season.

The home ground of Beşiktaş is Vodafone Park, a 41,903 capacity all-seater stadium located next to Dolmabahçe Palace.

The club also competes in other branches including basketball, volleyball, handball, athletics, boxing, wrestling, chess, bridge, gymnastics, rowing, table tennis, paralympic sports, eSports, and beach football.[11]

History

Active departments of
Beşiktaş J.K.
AthleticsBasketball
(Men's)
(Women's)		Boxing
BridgeChesse-Sports
Football
(Men's)
(Women's)		GymnasticsHandball
(Men's)
RowingTable tennisVolleyball
(Men's)
(Women's)
Wheelchair
basketball		Wrestling
Mehmet Şamil Şhaplı, one of the founding members and first president of Beşiktaş J.K.
Members of Beşiktaş J.K. in 1903

Bereket Gymnastics Club was founded on 4 March 1903 under special permission from the authorities.[12] Their sporting activities gained more freedom with the declaration of the Constitutional Monarchy in 1908. After the political events of 31 March 1909, Fuat Balkan and Mazhar Kazancı, who were in Edirne, came to Istanbul with the Movement Army. After the restoration of political order, Fuat Balkan, a proven fencing coach, and Mazhar Kazancı, a good wrestler and weight lifter, found the youths involved in gymnastics in Serencebey and persuaded them to train together. Refik and Şerafettin Beys, friends of Fuat Bey, were also good fencers. Fuat Balkan made the first floor of his home in Ihlamur the Club’s headquarters, and the title of Bereket Gymnastics Club was changed to Beşiktaş Ottoman Gymnastics Club. Thus, a stronger sports club, where gymnastics, wrestling, boxing, fencing and athletics were emphasized, was formed. Founding member Mehmet Şamil Şhaplı was elected the first president of the club.[13]

In the meantime, Beşiktaş Ottoman Gymnastics Club became the first registered Turkish sports club on 13 January 1910 with the encouragement of Beyoğlu Governor Muhittin Bey. The interest among the youths of the neighborhood in the sports club grew and the number of members involved in sports quickly grew to 150. The headquarters of the club was moved from Ihlamur to Building 49 in Akaretler. When this building became too small, Building 84, also in Akaretler, became their headquarters. The yard behind this building was turned into a sports pitch.

Some of the young patriots from the Beşiktaş district of Istanbul formed two football clubs called "Valideçeşme" and "Basiret" under the leadership of Şeref Bey. The Valideçeşme and Basiret football clubs joined under the roof of Beşiktaş Ottoman Gymnastics Club in 1911. In a very short time, football became the foremost branch in the club.

For years, the original colours of Beşiktaş were believed to be Red and White; and then temporarily changed into Black and White as a sign of mourning for the dead in the Balkan Wars, which included some players of the club. Although most written sources endorse this claim, a detailed study carried out for Beşiktaş’s 100th anniversary documentary had shown that red was never used in club’s first colors; and Beşiktaş’s colours were always Black and White.[14]

Initial years of football

1923–24 Istanbul League champions
Beşiktaş players before the match against Galatasaray, 19 March 1939.

With football becoming the main sport of the Ottoman Empire around 1910, Beşiktaş members slowly started to give more attention to football. In August 1911, Ahmed Şerafettin started the football team. With the outbreak of World War I following the Balkan Wars, sporting activities at the club effectively came to a halt as many athletes left to serve on the front lines.[15] While the end of the war allowed surviving athletes to return, the team faced a difficult period during the Occupation of Istanbul, but was able to recover with the hard work of Şeref Bey.[16] Beşiktaş didn't enter the Istanbul Friday and Sunday leagues, and didn't have any championships until 1918, when they won the Istanbul Turkish 1st Sports League. In 1921, that particular league's final season, they won it again. In 1924, Beşiktaş entered the Istanbul Football League along with Galatasaray, Fenerbahçe and other Istanbul teams. Beşiktaş became the league's first champion in 1924, but was not able to have more success in the league. Galatasaray and Fenerbahçe were the two dominant teams through the middle of the 1930s.

Beşiktaş won their second Istanbul League championship in 1934, as well as their first Turkish Football Championship in the same year. In 1937, the Turkish National League was formed. In the Istanbul League season prior to the National League's inaugural season, Beşiktaş finished in fourth place, which earned them a berth in the National League. Beşiktaş finished third place in the National league, behind Fenerbahçe and Galatasaray. In 1938, Beşiktaş finished in third place in the Istanbul League and second place in the National League, behind Güneş. Beşiktaş won a record five consecutive Istanbul League championships between 1939 and 1943. In the National League, Beşiktaş finished fourth in 1939, fifth in 1940, first in 1941 and third in 1943 (in 1942 the league was not held). The club won the Istanbul League in 1945 and 1946, as well as the national league in 1944 and 1947.

After 1959

In 1959, the Turkish First League was formed, the nation's first professional football league. In the inaugural year, Beşiktaş came in third place, while in 1960 it won the league title. In 1960, the club also participated in the European Cup, becoming the first Turkish team ever to participate in the tournament. In subsequent years, Beşiktaş finished third in both 1961 and 1962, as well as second in 1963, 1964 and 1965. In 1966 and 1967, meanwhile, the club won back-to-back championship titles, and in the latter year, they also won their first Turkish Super Cup. In 1968, Beşiktaş finished second.

Silent 1970s

After 1967, Beşiktaş's performance declined slightly, finishing in 8th, 12th, 5th, 4th many times, while Trabzonspor, Fenerbahçe and, occasionally Galatasaray continued their success. Beşiktaş only finished in second place once in the decade, in 1975.

1980s Revival

Beşiktaş put an end to their poor performances in 1982 with a surprise Turkish championship, earning another in 1986. They finished the league as runners-up four times in the second half of the decade. Hooliganism was a major problem that had started in Europe and had also spread throughout Turkey. Beşiktaş fan hooliganism had been an issue with many fights inside and outside the stadium, although this has become less of an issue in more recent years.

Gordon Milne era: 1987–1993

Interior of Vodafone Park
Main article: Metin-Ali-Feyyaz

Beşiktaş had their most successful run in the Süper Lig with three consecutive championships under the management of Gordon Milne in the early 1990s. Three players of the squad – Metin Tekin, Ali Gültiken and Feyyaz Uçar – were notable for significant contributions to the team during this period. These players had been called Metin-Ali-Feyyaz ("MAF") and they formed the front of the team's line-up. The supporters composed various chants for the trio devoted to their delighting style on the pitch, their goals, and above all for their friendship and modesty. The trio is regarded by supporters as the best ever attacking line of the club.

The only three-in-a-row title term in club history occurred in the 1989–90, 1990–91 and 1991–92 seasons. Most notably, Beşiktaş became the first and only undefeated champions in Süper Lig history. In June of 2018， Besiktas signed the international u-17 sensation from Iran, Younes Delfi [17][18]

Under Milne, the team adopted the 4–4–2 system. By playing down the lines, crossing and winning balls in the air, the team were in fine form and scored many goals. On 15 October 1989, Beşiktaş broke the Süper Lig record for the biggest winning margin in a game with a 10–0 victory over Southern Turkey team Adana Demirspor.[19] This match was designated as one of the 16 biggest matches in club history.[20]

Legend of the Black Eagles

There is a legend surrounding the nicknaming of the team as "The Black Eagles". Beşiktaş, the title holder of the previous two seasons, started the 1940–41 season with a young and renewed team. As the weeks went by, the team had built up a sizeable lead at the top of the league table. With five weeks remaining in the season, the opponent was Süleymaniye. Beşiktaş had started the game in Şeref Stadium on Sunday 19 January 1941, with the following players: Faruk, Yavuz, İbrahim, Rıfat, Halil, Hüseyin, Şakir, Hakkı, Şükrü, Şeref, Eşref. The team went ahead in the first half. Midway through the second half of the game, Beşiktaş attacked continuously, despite being in front. And then, according to legend, a voice was heard from the stands towards which Beşiktaş was attacking. The voice said, "Come on, Black Eagles! Attack, Black Eagles!" The story goes that the owner of the voice from the stands was a fisherman called Mehmet Galin. Beşiktaş finished the game with a 6–0 win. The Beşiktaş players, who had very successfully defeated their opponents that season, were being described as "Black Eagles", and the football they played was being compared to "Attacking like Black Eagles". The comparison resonated with the team and the fans, and so it was adopted by the Beşiktaş community as their team's nickname.[21]

Colours

Home colours

1991–92
1997–98
2007–08
2008–09
2009–10
2010–11
2011–12
2012–13
2013–14
2014–15
2015–16
2016–17
2017–18

Away colours

2008–09
2009–10
2010–11
2011–12
2012–13
2013–14
2014–15
2015–16
2016–17
2017–18

Third colours

2008–09
2009–10
2010–11
2011–12
2012–13
2013–14
2014–15
2015–16
2016–17
2017–18

Stadium

BJK İnönü Stadium entrance, displaying the club emblem and stars for Turkish Super League championships.
Main article: Vodafone Park

Beşiktaş play their home games at Vodafone Park. Completed in 2016, it was built on the site of Beşiktaş's former home, BJK İnönü Stadium.

Players

Current squad

As of 17 September 2018.[22]

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Pos. Nation Player
1 GK Germany GER Loris Karius (on loan from Liverpool)
3 DF Brazil BRA Adriano
5 DF Portugal POR Pepe
6 MF Chile CHI Gary Medel
7 MF Portugal POR Ricardo Quaresma
8 MF Netherlands NED Ryan Babel
10 MF Turkey TUR Oğuzhan Özyakup (third captain)
11 FW Turkey TUR Mustafa Pektemek
12 DF Chile CHI Enzo Roco
13 MF Canada CAN Atiba Hutchinson
14 DF Turkey TUR Fatih Aksoy
17 MF Netherlands NED Jeremain Lens
18 MF Germany GER Tolgay Arslan
19 FW Turkey TUR Güven Yalçın
No. Pos. Nation Player
20 MF Turkey TUR Necip Uysal (vice captain)
22 MF Serbia SRB Adem Ljajić (on loan from Torino)
24 DF Croatia CRO Domagoj Vida
26 MF Turkey TUR Dorukhan Toköz
29 GK Turkey TUR Tolga Zengin (captain)
30 GK Turkey TUR Ersin Destanoğlu
37 MF Turkey TUR Mertcan Açıkgöz
41 DF Turkey TUR Alpay Çelebi
55 MF Turkey TUR Gökhan Töre
77 DF Turkey TUR Gökhan Gönül
88 DF Turkey TUR Caner Erkin
95 FW Canada CAN Cyle Larin
97 GK Turkey TUR Utku Yuvakuran
99 FW Brazil BRA Vágner Love


Out on loan

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Pos. Nation Player
— MF Armenia ARM Aras Özbiliz (on loan at Willem II Tilburg until 30 June 2019)
— MF Turkey TUR Sedat Şahintürk (on loan at Balıkesirspor until 30 June 2019)
No. Pos. Nation Player
— MF Turkey TUR Orkan Çınar (on loan at Adana Demirspor until 30 June 2019)
— FW Turkey TUR Umut Nayir (on loan at Bursaspor until 30 June 2019)

Honours

Main article: List of Beşiktaş J.K. Honors
Photo of the 2002–03 Süper Lig trophy, won by Beşiktaş during the club's centenary year (1903–2003)

Domestic

National Championships

National Cups

Photo of the 2006–07 Turkish Cup, won by Beşiktaş.

UEFA achievements

Others

European record

Main article: Beşiktaş J.K. in European football

Statistics

As of September 27, 2018[23]
Competition Played Won Drew Lost GF GA GD Win%
European Cup / Champions League 82 27 19 36 85 131 −46 032.93
Cup Winners' Cup 20 4 4 12 21 38 −17 020.00
UEFA Cup / UEFA Europa League 109 51 22 36 176 129 +47 046.79
Total 211 82 45 84 282 298 −16 038.86

Legend: GF = Goals For. GA = Goals Against. GD = Goal Difference.

Best campaigns

Season Achievement Notes
European Cup / UEFA Champions League
1986–87 Quarter-finals eliminated by Dynamo Kyiv 0–2 in İzmir, 0–5 in Kiev
2017–18 Last 16 eliminated by Bayern Munich 0-5 in Munich, 1-3 in Istanbul
European Cup Winners' Cup
1993–94 Last 16 eliminated by Ajax 1–2 in Amsterdam, 0–4 in Istanbul
1994–95 Last 16 eliminated by Auxerre 2–2 in Istanbul, 0–2 in Auxerre
1998–99 Last 16 eliminated by Vålerenga 0–1 in Oslo, 3–3 in Istanbul
UEFA Cup / UEFA Europa League
1996–97 Last 16 eliminated by Valencia 1–3 in Valencia, 2–2 in Istanbul
2002–03 Quarter-finals eliminated by Lazio 0–1 in Rome, 1–2 in Istanbul
2011–12 Last 16 eliminated by Atlético Madrid 1–3 in Madrid, 0–3 in Istanbul
2014–15 Last 16 eliminated by Club Brugge 1–2 in Bruges, 1–3 in Istanbul
2016–17 Quarter-finals eliminated by Olympique Lyonnais 1–2 in Lyon, 2–1 in regular time and 6–7 on penalties in Istanbul

Current UEFA ranking

As of 24 September 2018[24]
Rank Team Coefficient
18 France AS Monaco 61.000
19 Turkey Beşiktaş 59.000
20 England Chelsea 59.000
21 England Tottenham Hotspur 56.000

Recent seasons

Main article: List of Beşiktaş J.K. seasons
Season Div. Pos. Pl. W D L GS GA P Cup Europe Manager
2005–06 SL 3 34 15 9 10 52 39 54 Winners UC Group stage Rıza Çalımbay–Jean Tigana
2006–07 SL 2 34 18 7 9 43 32 61 Winners UC Group stage Jean Tigana
2007–08 SL 3 34 23 4 7 58 32 73 Quarter-finals UCL Group stage Ertuğrul Sağlam
2008–09 SL 1 34 21 8 5 60 30 71 Winners UC First round Ertuğrul Sağlam–Mustafa Denizli
2009–10 SL 4 34 18 10 6 47 25 64 Group stage UCL Group stage Mustafa Denizli
2010–11 SL 5 34 15 9 10 53 36 54 Winners UEL Round of 32 Bernd Schuster–Tayfur Havutçu
2011–12 SL 4 34+6 15+1 9+2 10+3 50+5 39+9 54+5 Round of 16 UEL Round of 16 Carlos Carvalhal–Tayfur Havutçu
2012–13 SL 3 34 16 10 8 63 49 58 Round of 16 — Samet Aybaba
2013–14 SL 3 34 17 11 6 53 33 62 Round of 32 UEL Play-off Slaven Bilić
2014–15 SL 3 34 21 6 7 55 32 69 Round of 16 UCL
UEL		 Play-off
Round of 16
2015–16 SL 1 34 25 4 5 75 35 79 Quarter-finals UEL Group Stage Şenol Güneş
2016–17 SL 1 34 23 8 3 73 30 77 Round of 16 UCL
UEL		 Group Stage
Quarter-finals
2017–18 SL 4 34 21 8 5 69 30 71 Semi-finals UCL Round of 16

Last updated: 22 May 2018 (2018-05-22)
Div.=Division; Pos.=Position; Pl=Match played; W=Won; D=Drawn; L=Lost; GS=Goals scored; GA=Goals against; P=Points
SL=Süper Lig; UCL=UEFA Champions League; UC=UEFA Cup; UEL=UEFA Europa League; Cup=Turkish Cup
Background colours: Gold=winners; Silver=runners-up; Bronze=third

Presidents

Main article: List of Beşiktaş J.K. presidents
  • 1903–08 Mehmet Şamil Şhaplı
  • 1908–11 Şükrü Paşa
  • 1911–18 Fuat Paşa
  • 1918–23 Fuat Balkan
  • 1923–24 Salih Bey
  • 1924–26 Ahmet Fetgeri Aşeni
  • 1926–28 Fuat Balkan
  • 1928–30 Ahmet Fetgeri Aşeni
  • 1930–32 Emin Şükrü Kunt
  • 1932–35 Abdülkadir Karamürsel
  • 1935–38 Fuat Balkan
  • 1938–39 Abdülkadir Karamürsel
  • 1939–41 Yusuf Ziya Erdem
  • 1941–42 Abdülkadir Karamürsel
  • 1942–50 A. Ziya Kozanoğlu
  • 1950       Ekrem Amaç
  • 1950–52 Salih Keçeci
  • 1952–55 A. Ziya Kozanoğlu
  • 1955–56 Tahir Söğütlü
  • 1956–57 Danyal Akbel
  • 1957       Ferhat Nasır
  • 1957–58 Nuri Togay
  • 1958       Enver Kaya
  • 1958–60 Nuri Togay
  • 1960–63 Hakkı Yeten
  • 1963–64 Selahattin Akel
  • 1964–66 Hakkı Yeten
  • 1966–67 Hasan Salman
  • 1967–68 Hakkı Yeten
  • 1968–69 Talat Asal
  • 1969–70 Rüştü Erkuş
  • 1970       Nuri Togay
  • 1970–71 Agasi Şen
  • 1971–72 Himmet Ünlü
  • 1972–73 Şekip Okçuoğlu
  • 1973–77 Mehmet Üstünkaya
  • 1977–79 Gazi Akınal
  • 1979       Hüseyin Cevahir
  • 1979–80 Gazi Akınal
  • 1980–81 Rıza Kumruoğlu

Managers

There have been managers from various European countries at the helm of the club. The longest serving manager of Beşiktaş is Şeref Bey, managing the club for 14 years. The most successful manager is Gordon Milne, winning the league three times in a row along with other trophies as well.[25]

Technical staff

Position Name Position Name
Manager Turkey Şenol Güneş Team Doctor Turkey Murat Çevik
Director of Football Turkey Ali Naibi Physiotherapist Turkey Cumhur Erol
Assistant Manager Turkey Şeref Çiçek Physiotherapist Turkey Zeki Çetin
Assistant Manager Spain Miguel Montanana Physiotherapist Spain José Aranegas
Assistant Manager Spain Guti Interpreter Turkey Arda Kabaklı
Assistant Manager Turkey İlhan Mansız Head of Logistics Turkey Ali Gürkan
Goalkeeping Coach Turkey Hakan Çalışkan Media Officer Turkey Altuğ Atalay
Goalkeeping Coach Croatia Marjan Mrmić Photographer Turkey Rahman Sağıroğlu
Analysis Expert Turkey Eren Şafak Nutritional Expert Turkey Müge Şafak
Athletics Trainer Turkey Dolu Arslan Masseur Turkey Erkan Ulusoy
Trainer Turkey Mehmet Kulaksızoğlu Masseur Turkey Cemil Karataş
Team Head and Interpreter Turkey Halil Yazıcıoğlu Masseur Turkey Osman Doğru
Assistant Football Director Turkey Berkay Türkmen Kit Manager Turkey Süreyya Soner
Administrative Manager Turkey Erdinç Gültekin Kit Manager Turkey Erdal Erdem
Scouting Turkey Emir Şiranlı Kit Manager Turkey Erol Erdem
Chief Medical Officer Turkey Dr. Sarper Çetinkaya Kit Manager Turkey Eren Sarım

As of September 24, 2018[26]

Sponsorship

Years Main shirt sponsor Kit manufacturer
1988 Toshiba Adidas
1988–1998 Beko
1998–2001 Reebok
2001–2004 Puma
2004–2005 Turkcell
2005–2009 Cola Turka Umbro
2009–2011 Adidas
2011–2014 Toyota
2014– Vodafone

References

  1. ^ "Beşiktaş Jimnastik Kulübü Derneği Tüzüğü" (PDF) (in Turkish). p. 1. Retrieved 6 September 2013.
  2. ^ "Kara Kartallar Efsanesi". Beşiltaş JK. 22 October 2004. Retrieved 6 September 2013.
  3. ^ "Turkey – Club Nicknames". RSSSF. 10 July 2005. Retrieved 8 January 2014.
  4. ^ "Tarihte Bugün – 19 Mart Dünyada ve Türkiye'de Ne Oldu? – Ne Nedir Vikipedi". www.nenedirvikipedi.com.
  5. ^ "4 Mart Zaman Tüneli Haberleri – Sabah". www.sabah.com.tr.
  6. ^ "Tarihte Bugün – 4 Mart – ComeSpan". www.comespan.com.
  7. ^ "»» Erdem802 ««: Beşiktaş (4 Mart 1903)".
  8. ^ admin (15 October 2016). "Mart Ayında Yaşanmış Tarihi Olaylar - Yavuz Mental".
  9. ^ "Beşiktaş Jimnastik Kulübü". www.bjk.com.tr.
  10. ^ "Info Bank » Club Details". Retrieved 6 September 2013.
  11. ^ "Branches, Football". Beşiktaş club website. Retrieved 2 December 2007.
    "Branches, Basketball". Beşiktaş club website. Retrieved 2 December 2007.
    "Branches, Volleyball". Beşiktaş club website. Retrieved 2 December 2007.
    "Branches, Handball". Beşiktaş club website. Retrieved 2 December 2007.
    "Branches, Athletics". Beşiktaş club website. Retrieved 2 December 2007.
    "Branches, Boxing". Beşiktaş club website. Retrieved 2 December 2007.
    "Branches, Wrestling". Beşiktaş club website. Retrieved 2 December 2007.
    "Branches, Chess". Beşiktaş club website. Retrieved 2 December 2007.
    "Branches, Cards Bridge". Beşiktaş club website. Retrieved 2 December 2007.
    "Branches, Gymnastics". Beşiktaş club website. Retrieved 2 December 2007.
    "Branches, Rowing". Beşiktaş club website. Retrieved 2 December 2007.
    "Branches, Table Tennis". Beşiktaş club website. Retrieved 2 December 2007.
    "Branches, Disabled Sports". Beşiktaş club website. Retrieved 2 December 2007.
    "Beşiktaş Beach Football Team is Established". Beşiktaş club website. Retrieved 24 July 2012.
  12. ^ zaman, Yazar : bizim. "Bizimzaman: 4 Martta Neler Oldu? Tarihte 4 Martta Yaşananlar Neler? Tarihte 4 Mart".
  13. ^ "Beşiktaş J.K. Official Web Site". www.bjk.com.tr. Retrieved 10 March 2018.
  14. ^ "Beşiktaş J.K. Official Web Site". www.bjk.com.tr.
  15. ^ "Beşiktaş Jimnastik Kulübü". www.bjk.com.tr. Retrieved 10 March 2018.
  16. ^ "Beşiktaş Jimnastik Kulübü". www.bjk.com.tr. Retrieved 10 March 2018.
  17. ^ "1991–92 League Ranking". Retrieved 18 January 2008.
  18. ^ "1991–92 League Ranking". Turkish Football Association. Retrieved 18 January 2008.
  19. ^ "Beşiktaş – Adana Demirspor : 10–0". Beşiktaş club website. 1 November 2005. Retrieved 18 January 2008.
  20. ^ "Basarilarimiz" [Our Achievements]. Beşiktaş club website. Retrieved 18 January 2008.
  21. ^ "Beşiktaş Karakartal Ambleminin Hikayesi". Delinetciler Portal.
  22. ^ "First Team". Beşiktaş J.K. Retrieved 25 August 2018.
  23. ^ UEFA club competition record – UEFA.com
  24. ^ UEFA.com. "Member associations - UEFA Coefficients - Club coefficients". UEFA.com.
  25. ^ Teknik Direktörlerimiz Beşiktaş JK
  26. ^ "Teknik Kadro". www.bjk.com.tr.
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