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Cabinet of Egypt

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Politics of Egypt

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The Cabinet of Egypt (Arabic: مجلس وزراء مصر) is the chief executive body of the Arab Republic of Egypt. It consists of the Prime Minister and the cabinet ministers.

The government has a leading role in shaping the agenda of the houses of Parliament. It may propose laws to Parliament, as well as amendments during parliamentary meetings. It may make use of some procedures to speed up parliamentary deliberations. The government is responsible only to Parliament, specifically the People’s Assembly.

The People’s Assembly may pass a motion of censure, forcing the resignation of the cabinet. Ministers have to answer questions from Members of Parliament, both written and oral; this is known as Inquiries to the Government Talebat Ihata.

In addition, ministers attend meetings of the two houses of Parliament when laws pertaining to their areas of responsibility are being discussed.

The details of the cabinet's organisation are set down in articles 153 to 160 of the constitution. Article 155 states that the members of the cabinet have to be sworn in when taking office.

Functions

The Cabinet shall exercise in particularly the following functions:

  • Laying down the general policy of the State in collaboration with the President of the Republic and controlling its implementation in accordance with the laws and republican decrees.
  • Directing, co-ordinating and following up the work of the ministries and their different administrations as well as public organizations and institutions.
  • Issuing administrative and executive decisions in accordance with the laws and decrees and supervising their implementation.
  • Preparing draft laws and decrees.
  • Preparing the draft of the general budget of the State.
  • Preparing the draft of the State’s overall plan.
  • Contracting and granting loans in accordance with the rules of the Constitution.
  • Supervising the implementation of law, maintaining State security and protecting the rights of the citizens and the interests of the State.

Ministerial seniority and rank

Traditionally, the cabinet comprises, in decreasing rank:

  • The Prime Minister, Head of the Egyptian government.
  • Ministers, Full Cabinet members. Currently there are 39 full ministers in this government.
  • Ministers of State, described as ‘junior ministers’, are assigned specific responsibilities or agencies. The portfolios of ministers of state are considerably more transient, as positions may be created and dissolved to suit specific short-term government priorities or the specific qualifications of candidates without alterations to the departmental structure, e.g. the Ministry of State for Environmental Affairs.
  • Ministers without portfolio, ministers who do not head specific departments and occasionally attend cabinet meetings, e.g. former Minister without portfolio Omar Suleiman, the former Vice President of Egypt.
  • Chairmen of Departments, who head certain important departments that do not fall under the jurisdiction of any of the ministers and answer directly to the Prime Minister, e.g. The Chairman of the Suez Canal Authority.
  • Ministers-Delegate, who assist ministers in areas of their duties and rarely attend cabinet meeting.

Ministerial criteria

The following eligibility conditions must be met constitutionally by all ministers.

  • At least 30 years old natural-born Egyptian citizen, enjoying full civil and political rights.
  • A minister may not work in any independent work, commercial, financial or industrial while in office.

Recent history

The interim cabinet of Essam Sharaf was sworn in on Monday 7 March 2011 by Field Marshal Hussein Tantawi, head of the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces & Minister of Defense.[1] In July 2011, Sharaf fired several ministers although the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces (Scaf) said he didn't have that power.[2] On 21 November 2011, the entire Cabinet offered to resign in the face of the second wave of protests.[3] On 24 November 2011, Egypt's military rulers appointed former prime minister Kamal Ganzouri to form a new government.[4] His government resigned on 26 June 2012 after the election of Mohamed Morsi as President of Egypt to make way for the new government.

Current Cabinet

The cabinet of Egyptian Prime Minister Sherif Ismail was sworn in on 19 September 2015.[5] On June 5, 2018, every member of the Egyptian Cabinet submitted their letter of resignation, but would remain in caretaker capacity until a new cabinet is appointed.[6] On June 7, 2018, the Minister of Housing and Urban Utilities Mostafa Madbouly was appointed to succeed Ismail.[7] It was also reported the new government had dropped eight cabinet Ministers, including Minister of Antiquities Khaled Al-Anany, Minister of Manpower Mohamed Saafan, Minister of Irrigation Mohamed Abdel Aty, Minister of Health Ahmed Emaddin, Minister of Agriculture Abdel Moniem al-Banna, and Minister of Higher Education Khaled Abdel Ghaffa.[8] The proposed Cabinet has been accepted by the Egyptian Parliament.[9] The final list of candidates for ministerial posts in the Madbouly government was published on June 10, 2018 and includes Assem El-Gazar as minister of housing; Hala Zayed as minister of health; Yasmeen Fouad as minister of environment; Mohamed Eissa as minister of manpower; Amr Nassar as minister of trade and industry; Magdy Abo El-Ela as minister of justice, Hala El-Khatib or Ashraf Sobhy as minister of youth and sports; Mahmoud Shaarawy as minister of state for local development; and Mohamed Moiet as new minister of finance.[10] Eight women will serve as ministers of investment, planning, health, environment, social solidarity, immigration, tourism, and culture and the following ministers of Ismail's cabinet will remain in their positions: the ministers of petroleum, transportation, education, higher education, foreign affairs, interior, defence, military production, tourism, and parliamentary affairs[10]

On June 13, it was reported that Madbouly had selected 13 to 16 deputy ministers and that the new government would be sworn in on June 14.[11] On June 14, a new government consisting of 12 new ministers and 15 new deputy ministers was sworn in by Sisi.[12] Madbouly was also sworn in as Prime Minister[13] and will retain his role as Housing Minister as well.[12] It was reported that his government would issue its policy statement on June 23.[14][15][16][17] but parliamentary spokesman Salah Hassaballah later confirmed this to be incorrect.[18] On June 23, Hassaballah stated that while no date was now scheduled to present the policy statement before Parliament, he expected the Madbouly government to present it in the next week and that the government was unable to prepare it in time for the planned date.[19] Madbouly delivered his policy statement before the parliament on July 3.[20] The House of Representatives, the only legislative body in Egypt's unicameral parliament,[21] afterwards referred the to a special committee chaired by first deputy speaker Al-Sayed Al-Sherif,[22], which completed its review of the statement recommended a vote of confidence.[22] Following weeks of debate, the House approved Madbouly's Cabinet in a vote of confidence on July 25.[23][24]

Cabinet members

Office Name Website Party
Prime Minister Mostafa Madbouly[25][26] www.cabinet.gov.eg Independent
Minister of Defence Mohamed Ahmed Zaki[27] Military
Minister of International Cooperation Sahar Nasr[5] www.moic.gov.eg Independent
Minister of Education Tarek Shawky[28] www.moe.gov.eg
Minister of Higher Education and Scientific Research Khaled Abdel Ghaffar Independent
Minister of Interior Mahmoud Tawfik[27] Independent
Minister of Foreign Affairs Sameh Shoukry[5] www.mfa.gov.eg Independent
Minister of Finance Mohamed Maeet[12] www.mof.gov.eg Independent
Minister of Environment Yasmine Foaud[29] www.eeaa.gov.eg Independent
Minister of Culture Inas Abdel Dayam[30] www.moc.gov.eg Independent
Minister of Legal and Parliamentary Affairs Magdy al-Agaty[31] Independent
Minister of Justice Mohamed Hossam www.jp.gov.eg Independent
Minister of Transportation Saad el Geyoushi[5] www.mot.gov.eg Independent
Minister of Electricity and Energy Mohamed Shaker[31] www.moree.gov.eg Independent
Minister of Tourism Rania Al-Mashat www.egypt.travel Independent
Minister of Agriculture and Land Reclamation Ezz el-Din Abu-Steit[27] Independent
Minister of Communications and Information Technology Amr Sameeh[29] www.mcit.gov.eg Independent
Minister of Petroleum Tareq el Molla[5] www.petroleum.gov.eg Independent
Minister of Water Resources and Irrigation Hossam Moghazy[31] www.mwri.gov.eg Independent
Minister of Housing, Utilities and Urban Development Mostafa Madbouly[12] Independent
Minister of Supply and Internal Trade Amr Adl Bayoumi[27] Independent
Minister of Manpower Gamal Sorour[5] www.manpower.gov.eg Independent
Minister of Immigration and Expatriates Affairs Nabila Makram Ebeid[5] www.emigration.gov.eg Independent
Minister of Religious Endowment (Awqaf) Mukhtar Gomaa[31] Independent
Minister of Health and Population Hala Zayed[12] www.mohp.gov.eg Independent
Minister of Civil Aviation Mohamed Abbas Helmy[32] www.civilaviation.gov.eg Independent
Minister of Social Solidarity Ghada Wali[31] www.moss.gov.eg Independent
Minister of Planning and Administrative Reform Hala el-Saeed[30] Independent
Minister of Industry, Trade and Small Industries Amr Nassar[12] www.mti.gov.eg Independent
Minister of Investment Sahar Nasr[30] Independent
Minister of Technical Training and Education El Helali el Sherbini[5] Independent
Minister of Antiquities Khaled ElAnany www.antiquities.gov.eg Independent
Minister of State for Youth and Sports Ashraf Sobhy[12] youth.gov.eg Egypt Party[33]
Minister of State for Military Production Mohammed el Assar[5] Independent
Minister of State for Local Development Mahmoud Shaarawy[29] Independent

References

  1. ^ Field Marshal Tantawi swears in interim cabinet, Al-Masry Al-Youm, 7 March 2011
  2. ^ Egypt's prime minister reshuffles cabinet in response to protests, Jack Shenker, 'The Guardian, 17 July 2011
  3. ^ Egypt’s Civilian Government Submits Offer to Resign, David D. Kirkpatrick and Liam Stack, The New York Times, 21 November 2011
  4. ^ Egypt military 'appoint Kamal Ganzouri as new PM', BBC News, 24 November 2011
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Egypt's Sherif Ismail cabinet with 16 new faces sworn in by President Sisi". Ahram Online. 19 September 2015. Retrieved 19 September 2015.
  6. ^ https://www.reuters.com/article/us-egypt-cabinet-resignation/egypts-cabinet-submits-resignation-to-president-sisi-statement-idUSKCN1J12JF
  7. ^ https://www.egypttoday.com/Article/1/51721/Sisi-appoints-Moustafa-Madbouly-as-Premier
  8. ^ https://www.egypttoday.com/Article/2/51795/New-gov%E2%80%99t%E2%80%99s-line-up-replaces-8-ministers-Report
  9. ^ http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/302103/Egypt/Politics-/Egypts-new-PM-Madbouly-studies-possibility-of-redu.aspx
  10. ^ a b http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/302158/Egypt/Politics-/Egypt-new-PM-Madbouly-settles-on-new-cabinet;-list.aspx
  11. ^ https://www.egypttoday.com/Article/2/52062/New-ministers-to-take-oath-Thursday-sources
  12. ^ a b c d e f g http://english.ahram.org.eg/News/302426.aspx
  13. ^ https://egyptianstreets.com/2018/06/14/egypts-new-cabinet-includes-a-historic-number-of-8-female-ministers/
  14. ^ http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/302484/Egypt/Politics-/Egypts-new-PM-Madbouly-to-deliver-a-policy-stateme.aspx
  15. ^ https://www.egypttoday.com/Article/1/52371/Parliament-to-hear-new-Cabinet%E2%80%99s-program-Saturday
  16. ^ http://english.ahram.org.eg/News/302931.aspx
  17. ^ https://dailynewsegypt.com/2018/06/19/new-cabinet-to-governmental-present-programme-before-parliament-next-week/
  18. ^ http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/303250/Egypt/Politics-/Egypt-new-cabinets-policy-statement-before-parliam.aspx
  19. ^ http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/303250/Egypt/Politics-/Egypt-new-cabinets-policy-statement-before-parliam.aspx
  20. ^ http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/306113/Egypt/Politics-/The-economic-reform-programme-is--accomplished-and.aspx
  21. ^ https://www.indexmundi.com/egypt/legislative_branch.html
  22. ^ a b http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/306726/Egypt/Politics-/Egypt-parliamentary-committee-recommends-vote-of-c.aspx
  23. ^ https://en.el-balad.com/2388570
  24. ^ http://www.egypttoday.com/Article/1/54651/Egypt-s-House-speaker-congratulates-gov-t-on-winning-vote
  25. ^ http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/301971/Egypt/Politics-/BREAKING-Sisi-appoints-Moustafa-Mabouly-as-Prime-M.aspx
  26. ^ https://egyptianstreets.com/2018/06/14/egypts-new-cabinet-includes-a-historic-number-of-8-female-ministers/
  27. ^ a b c d https://www.reuters.com/article/us-egypt-politics/egypt-replaces-ministers-of-defense-interior-finance-in-new-cabinet-idUSKBN1JA1IP
  28. ^ "Ministry of Education (Egypt)". Wikipedia. 2017-03-23.
  29. ^ a b c https://www.egypttoday.com/Article/1/52121/Egypt-s-new-Cabinet-sworn-in-12-new-ministers-appointed
  30. ^ a b c https://www.egypttoday.com/Article/2/40130/For-the-first-time-6-female-ministers-in-Egypt-s
  31. ^ a b c d e "Egypt's new Cabinet: What changed and what didn't?". Mada Masr. 19 September 2015. Retrieved 19 September 2015.
  32. ^ http://www.egyptindependent.com/egypt-appoints-new-air-force-commander/
  33. ^ "UPDATED PROFILES: Ministers in Egypt's new cabinet". Ahram Online. 1 March 2014. Retrieved 21 June 2014.
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