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Clinton, Mississippi

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Clinton, Mississippi
City
Nickname: 
Mount Salus (original name)
Motto: 
You Belong Here
Location in Hinds County, Mississippi
Location in Hinds County, Mississippi
Location of Mississippi in the United States
Location of Mississippi in the United States
CountryUnited States
StateMississippi
CountyHinds
Founded1823
Incorporation1824
Government
 • TypeStrong Mayor-Council
 • MayorPhil Fisher (R)[1]
 • Board of AldermenDave Ellis, Jim Martin, Bill Barnett, Greg Cronin, Jan Cossitt, Mike Cashion, Jehu Brabham
Area
[2]
 • Total
42.1 sq mi (109 km2)
 • Land41.8 sq mi (108 km2)
 • Water0.3 sq mi (0.8 km2)
Elevation
[3]
358 ft (109 m)
Population
 (2010)[4]
 • Total
25,216
 • Density598/sq mi (231/km2)
Time zoneUTC-6 (CST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC-5 (CDT)
ZIP codes
39056, 39058,
39060 (P.O. boxes)
Area codes601 and 769
FIPS code[2][5]28-14420
GNIS ID[3][5]668609
Websitewww.clintonms.org

Clinton is a city in Hinds County, Mississippi, United States. Situated in the Jackson metropolitan area, it is the tenth largest city in Mississippi. The population was 25,216 at the 2010 United States Census.[4]

History

Old Natchez Trace in 2002
Camp Clinton entrance in 1943; sign reads Prisoner of War Camp Clinton, Miss.

Founded in 1823, Clinton was originally known as Mount Salus, which means "Mountain of health". It was named for the plantation home of Walter Leake, third governor of Mississippi, which was located in Clinton and built in 1812. In 1828, the city changed its name to Clinton in honor of DeWitt Clinton, the former governor of New York who led completion of the Erie Canal.

The first road through Mount Salus/Clinton was the Natchez Trace, improved from a centuries-old Native American path. Currently Clinton has three major highways that pass through the city:U.S. Route 80, Interstate 20 and the Natchez Trace Parkway.

Mississippi College, a Christian university located in Clinton, is the oldest college in the state of Mississippi, founded January 24, 1826 as Hampstead Academy, the second male college in the state after Jefferson College.[6] Mississippi College is the second oldest Baptist university in the world, and was the first coeducational college in the United States to grant a degree to a woman. Clinton is home to sports teams known as the "Clinton Arrows" and "Mississippi College Choctaws". Hillman College, originally for women, was founded in 1853 as Central Female Institute, supported by the Central Baptist Association.[6] It changed its name in 1891. Mount Hermon Female Seminary, a historically black college, was established in 1875 by Sarah Ann Dickey.[6] It closed in 1924 as students moved to co-educational institutions.

The Clinton-Vicksburg Railroad was the second-oldest in the state, incorporated in 1831. It contributed to the export of 20,000 bales of cotton annually from this city, the most of any city between Vicksburg and Meridian.[6] Cotton from three surrounding counties was shipped through Clinton and by rail to Grand Gulf on the Mississippi.

During the Civil War, Confederate forces, as well as Union troops— the latter commanded by generals Ulysses S. Grant and Sherman—briefly occupied Clinton on their way to the Battle of Vicksburg in May 1863. Grant had mistakenly believed that John C. Pemberton, a Confederate general, would attack him at Clinton. Grant finally took Vicksburg in this campaign.[7]

In September 1875 during the election campaign, a Republican political rally was held in downtown Clinton, where 3000 people were gathered and expecting Governor Adelbert Ames and other prominent speakers. It was disrupted by white insurgents. Their attack resulted in what was called the "Clinton Riot," and the deaths of several white men and an estimated 50 blacks later that night and over the next few days, when armed whites arrived by train and widely attacked blacks.[6] Among the black victims were schoolteachers, church leaders and local Republican organizers.[8] Whites had been attacking black and white Republicans in every election cycle, and that year the paramilitary Red Shirts arose in the state to suppress black voting.[8] The U.S. government sent more troops in answer to the governor's appeal for protection: election-related violence continued through the fall and enabled white Democrats to gain control of the state legislature, a political shift that heralded the end of the Reconstruction era.

During World War II, Camp Clinton was established, a German POW camp south of town which housed about 3,000 German soldiers. Most of the prisoners were from the Afrika Korps. Of the 40 German generals captured in the war, Camp Clinton housed 35 of them. The German soldiers provided the labor to build a replica model of the Mississippi River Basin for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, used for flood prevention.

Clinton, the smallest city to ever host a Fortune 500 company, was the headquarters for WorldCom from the mid-1990s until 2002. It went bankrupt due to what was at the time the largest accounting scandal in U.S. history. The financial dealings resulted in fraud-related convictions of Bernard Ebbers, CEO and Scott Sullivan, CFO. The company changed its name to MCI and moved its corporate headquarters location to Ashburn, Virginia. Verizon, MCI's successor, owns SkyTel (no relation to Bell Mobility's Skytel brand). It still occupies the massive former WorldCom compound in Clinton.

On April 15, 2011, an EF3 tornado struck the city at about 11:00 a.m. CDT. It produced damage near Interstate 20, which included total destruction to the BankPlus building. Malaco Records was destroyed as well. Ten people were injured by the tornado.[9]

Geography

Clinton is located at 32°20′30″N 90°19′18″W / 32.34167°N 90.32167°W / 32.34167; -90.32167 (32.3415342, −90.3217585) and its elevation is 358 feet (109 m) above sea level.[3]

According to the 2010 United States Census, the city has a total area of 42.147 square miles (109.16 km2), of which 41.822 square miles (108.32 km2) is land and 0.325 square miles (0.84 km2) is water.[2][10]

Demographics

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
1880569—
1900354—
1910767116.7%
1920669−12.8%
193091236.3%
19409160.4%
19502,255146.2%
19603,43852.5%
19707,289112.0%
198014,660101.1%
199021,84749.0%
200023,3476.9%
201025,2168.0%
2014 (est.)25,411[11]0.8%
U.S. Decennial Census[12]

2010 census

As of the 2010 census there were 25,216 people residing in Clinton,[4] with a population density of 598.3 per square mile (231.0/km2).[2]

In 2010, there were 9,328 households. The average household size in Clinton was 2.54. The median income for a household in the city was $56,539; the per capita income was $26,398. About 9.1% of the population was below the poverty line.[10]

60.1% White
33.9% African American
0.2% Native American
4.1% Asian
0.0% Pacific Islander
0.7% from some other race
1.0% of two or more races
1.5% Hispanic or Latino of any race

2000 census

As of the census[13] of 2000, there were 23,347 people, 8,328 households, and 6,079 families residing in the city. The population density was 979.2 people per square mile (378.1/km²). There were 8,899 housing units at an average density of 373.2 per square mile (144.1/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 74.92% White, 22.53% Black, 0.10% Native American, 1.54% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.26% from other races, and 0.64% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.87% of the population.

There were 8,328 households out of which 35.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.0% were married couples living together, 13.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.0% were non-families. 23.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.60 and the average family size was 3.08.

In the city the population was spread out with 24.7% under the age of 18, 14.9% from 18 to 24, 27.6% from 25 to 44, 21.6% from 45 to 64, and 11.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females there were 89.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.3 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $47,092, and the median income for a family was $53,482. Males had a median income of $38,194 versus $27,458 for females. The per capita income for the city was $20,586. About 5.7% of families and 8.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.8% of those under age 18 and 11.7% of those age 65 or over.

Government

Clinton operates as a Code Charter form of government, divided into six Wards. The local governing body consists of the mayor, one Alderman representing each of the six Wards and one Alderman-at-Large whose duty is to represent the entire community.

As of August 2013, Philip R. Fisher, a retired major general in the Mississippi National Guard,[14] is the city's mayor. The Board of Aldermen are Dave Ellis (Ward 1), Jim Martin (Ward 2), Bill Barnett (Ward 3), Greg Cronin (Ward 4), Jan Cossitt (Ward 5), Mike Cashion (Ward 6) and Jehu Brabham (Alderman-At-Large).[15]

Economy

At one point WorldCom (now Verizon) was headquartered in Clinton. In 2003 the company announced that it would move its headquarters to Virginia.[16][17]

Automotive component manufacturer Delphi Corporation operated a plant in Clinton from the early 1970s until its closure in 2009, making cable and wiring connectors.[18] When Delphi closed the plant in late 2009, with the loss of 280 jobs, production moved to Delphi's Warren, Ohio facility.[18][19]

Education

Public schools

The City of Clinton's public schools are served by the Clinton Public School District.

The Clinton Public School District serves an enrollment of approximately 5,000 students in grades pre-K through 12. It is regularly ranked as one of the top public school districts in Mississippi. Schools include Clinton Park Elementary (K-1), Northside Elementary (2–3), Eastside Elementary (4–5), Lovett Elementary (6), Clinton Junior High (7–8), Sumner Hill Junior High (9) and Clinton High School (10–12). Additional schools include the CHS Career Complex, offering college and career readiness courses for grades 10–12, and Clinton Alternative School. Recently the Clinton school districts have given out Macbook Air's to all of their high school students and varying different electronic devices to other grades (all apple products).

All of its tested schools are ranked "A," the highest possible academic rating a Mississippi public school can attain, and the district rating is also "A." Clinton Park Elementary serves grades K-1 and is not rated, since the state test is not administered until third grade.

Colleges

Public high schools

Public junior high schools

  • Sumner Hill Junior High School (Grade 9)
  • Clinton Junior High School (Grades 7 and 8)

Elementary schools

  • Lovett Elementary School (Grade 6)
  • Northside/Eastside Elementary School (Grade 2–5)
  • Clinton Park Elementary School (Grades K and 1)

Private schools

  • Clinton Christian Academy (Grades K-3 through 12)
  • Mt. Salus Christian School (Grades K-4 through 12)

Sports

The Mississippi Brilla is a soccer team competing in the United Soccer Leagues Premier Development League (PDL), the fourth tier of the American Soccer Pyramid, and play in the Mid-South Division of the Southern Conference. They play their home games at Traceway Park in the city of Clinton.

Notable people

(see: List of people from Mississippi)

References

  1. ^ "Fisher elected Clinton's new mayor". WAPT News. June 4, 2013. Retrieved February 3, 2016. Republican Phil Fisher will become Clinton's new mayor
  2. ^ a b c d "Places: Mississippi". 2010 Census Gazetteer Files. United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 28, 2013. {{cite web}}: External link in |work= (help)
  3. ^ a b c d "Feature Detail Report for: Clinton (Hinds County, Mississippi)". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior. Retrieved October 2, 2007.
  4. ^ a b c "Clinton city, Mississippi". Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data. United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 28, 2013.
  5. ^ a b "FIPS55 Data: Mississippi". FIPS55 Data. United States Geological Survey. February 23, 2006. Archived from the original on June 18, 2006. {{cite web}}: External link in |work= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  6. ^ a b c d e Mississippi: Comprising Sketches of Counties, Towns, Events, Institutions ..., ed. by Dunbar Rowland, Southern Historical Publishing Association, 1907, pp. 455–459
  7. ^ John Keegan (1987). "Grant and Unheroic Leadership". The Mask of Command: A Study of Generalship. Pimlico (Random House). p. 214. ISBN 1-84413-738-4.
  8. ^ a b Eric Foner, Reconstruction, 1865–1877, 1988, paperback: Perennial Press, 1989, p. 560
  9. ^ Unattributed (April 15, 2011). "Malaco Records destroyed by tornado in Mississippi". Oregon Music News. Retrieved April 16, 2011.
  10. ^ a b "U.S. Census Bureau: State and County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved March 16, 2012.
  11. ^ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2014". Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  12. ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  13. ^ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  14. ^ "Military Service". Phil Fisher For Mayor of Clinton. Retrieved November 7, 2015.
  15. ^ [1]
  16. ^ "MCI Inc – SC 13D/A – LCC International Inc ." Securities and Exchange Commission. March 14, 2003. Retrieved on September 25, 2009.
  17. ^ "WorldCom to emerge from collapse." CNN. Monday April 14, 2003. Retrieved on September 25, 2009.
  18. ^ a b "Delphi closes Clinton, MS plant", Plastics Today, October 5, 2009
  19. ^ "Delphi plant in Mississippi to close", Business Week
  20. ^ Chisholm, Chad. "Clinton". Barnes & Noble. Retrieved May 2014. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
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