Ninam language

Yanam
Yanam
Ninam
Native to	Brazil, Venezuela
Native speakers	800 in Brazil (2010); 100 in Venezuela (no date); including 430 Yaroamë (2015)
Language family	Yanomam Yanam;
Language codes
ISO 639-3	shb
Glottolog	nina1238
ELP	Ninam

Yanam, or Ninam, is a Yanomaman language spoken in Roraima, Brazil (800 speakers) and southern Venezuela near the Mucajai, upper Uraricaá, and Paragua rivers.

Synonymy

Yanam is also known by the following names: Ninam, Yanam–Ninam, Xirianá, Shiriana Casapare, Kasrapai, Jawaperi, Crichana, Jawari, Shiriana, Eastern Yanomaman.

Regional variation

Gordon (2009) reports 2 main varieties (Northern, Southern). Kaufman (1994) reports 3:

Yanam (a.k.a. Northern Yanam/Ninam (Xiliana, Shiriana, Uraricaa-Paragua))
Ninam (a.k.a. Southern Yanam/Ninam (Xilixana, Shirishana, Mukajai))
Jawarib

The name Jawari is shared with Yaroamë.

Phonology

Yanam has seven base vowels: /a, e, ə, i, ɨ, o, u/. Yanam has both vowel length and nasalization, and both features can occur simultaneously, for all vowels except for /ɨ/.^[3]

Consonants
	Bilabial	Alveolar		Postalveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
	Bilabial	plain	aspirated	Postalveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Stop	p	t	tʰ			k
Affricate				t͡ʃ
Fricative		s		ʃ			h
Nasal	m	n
Approximant					j
Flap		ɾ

References

^ Yanam at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
^ Ninam at Ethnologue (10th ed., 1984). Note: Data may come from the 9th edition (1978).
^ "SAPhon – South American Phonological Inventories". linguistics.berkeley.edu. Retrieved 2018-08-14.

Campbell, Lyle. (1997). American Indian languages: The historical linguistics of Native America. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-509427-1.
Kaufman, Terrence. (1994). The native languages of South America. In C. Mosley & R. E. Asher (Eds.), Atlas of the world's languages (pp. 46–76). London: Routledge.
Migliazza, Ernest; & Grimes, J. E. (1961). Shiriana phonology. Anthropological Linguistics. (June).

This article related to the Indigenous languages of the Americas is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[e18-1] Yanam at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)

[e10-2] Ninam at Ethnologue (10th ed., 1984). Note: Data may come from the 9th edition (1978).

[3] "SAPhon – South American Phonological Inventories". linguistics.berkeley.edu. Retrieved 2018-08-14.

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