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Oakville, Ontario

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Oakville
Town (lower-tier)
Town of Oakville
Downtown Oakville
Downtown Oakville
Coat of arms of Oakville
Coat of arms
Official logo of Oakville
Motto: 
Avancez ("Go forward")[1]
Country Canada
Province Ontario
RegionHalton
Wards6
Neighbourhoods12
Established1827
Government
 • Town MayorRob Burton
 • Governing BodyOakville Town Council
 • MPsJohn Oliver
Pam Damoff
 • MPPsIndira Naidoo-Harris
Kevin Flynn
Area
[2]
 • Land138.88 km2 (53.62 sq mi)
Elevation
173 m (568 ft)
Population
 (2011)[2]
 • Total
182,520 (Ranked 27th)
 • Density1,314.2/km2 (3,404/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC−5 (Eastern (EST))
 • Summer (DST)UTC−4 (EDT)
Postal code(s)
L6(H,J,K,L,M)
Area code(s)Area codes 905, 289, and 365
Websitewww.oakville.ca

Oakville is a suburban town in Southern Ontario, Canada. Located in Halton Region, on Lake Ontario, it is part of the Greater Toronto Area. As of the 2011 census the population was 182,520.[2]

History

In 1793, Dundas Street was surveyed for a military road. In 1805, the Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada bought the lands between Etobicoke and Hamilton from the Mississaugas aboriginal people, except for the land at the mouths of Twelve Mile Creek (Bronte Creek), Sixteen Mile Creek, and along the Credit River. In 1807, British immigrants settled the area surrounding Dundas Street as well as on the shore of Lake Ontario.

In 1820, the Crown bought the area surrounding the waterways. The area around the creeks, 960 acres (3.9 km2), ceded to the Crown by the Mississaugas,[3] was auctioned off to William Chisholm in 1827. He left the development of the area to his son, Robert Kerr Chisholm and his brother-in-law, Merrick Thomas. Chisholm also formed shipbuilding business in Oakville Navy Street and Sixteen Mile Creek (Halton Region) and lasted until 1842, but shipbuilding in Oakville lasted into the late 20th Century.[4][5]

Oakville's first industries included shipbuilding, timber shipment, and wheat farming. In the 1850s, there was an economic recession and the foundry, the most important industry in town, was closed. Basket-making became a major industry in the town, and the Grand Trunk Railway was built through it.

The town eventually became industrialized with the opening of Cities Service Canada (later BP Canada, and now Petro Canada) and Shell Canada oil refineries (both now closed), the Procor factory (no longer manufacturing), and, most importantly, the Ford Motor Company's Canadian headquarters and plant, all close to the Canadian National Railway and the Queen Elizabeth Way highway between Toronto and Fort Erie (Buffalo).

In 1962 the town of Oakville merged with its neighbouring villages (Bronte, Palermo, Sheridan, and the remainder of Trafalgar Township) to become the new Town of Oakville, reaching northwards to Steeles Avenue in Milton. In 1973, the restructuring of Halton County into Halton Region brought the northern border southwards to just north of the future Highway 407.

Neighbourhoods

Oakville's Planning Department divides the town into communities. These divisions have little to do with politics and are based on traditional neighbourhoods.[6]

Oakville Inn Hotel sign
Oakville Harbour
Neighbourhood Description
Old Oakville Old Oakville is located in South-Central Oakville along the shore of Lake Ontario. It is the original Oakville Settlement and is centred on Oakville Harbour.[7]
Kerr Village Kerr Village is located just West of Old Village around Kerr Street between Speers Rd and Lakeshore Rd. The town has developed a plan for the neighbourhood.[8]
Bronte Bronte is located in Southwest Oakville along the shore of Lake Ontario. It is a community centred on Bronte Harbour and includes the Coronation Park district to its east.[9]
Eastlake Eastlake is located in Southeast Oakville along the shore of Lake Ontario. It is bordered on the west by Morrison Creek, to the north by Cornwall Road, and to the east by the Mississauga border.[10]
Clearview Clearview is located in Centre East Oakville.[11]
College Park College Park is located between Sixteen Mile Creek and just east of Trafalgar Road, from the Queen Elizabeth Way north to Upper Middle Road. It surrounds Sheridan College.[12]
Iroquois Ridge North Iroquois Ridge North is located in North East Oakville between Upper Middle Road and Dundas Street.[13]
Iroquois Ridge South Iroquois Ridge South is located in North East Oakville. The Falgarwood area is located in the southern end of the Iroquois Ridge South community.[14]
Glen Abbey Glen Abbey is located in West Oakville, with Third Line being the major artery of the community. It is a large area west of the Glen Abbey Golf Course, home of the Canadian Open,[15]
Palermo Palermo is located in Northwest Oakville. It is a small community centred on the intersection of Dundas Street and Bronte Road (Highway 25).[16]
River Oaks River Oaks is located in North-Central Oakville. It includes the Oak Park development.[17]
Uptown Core Uptown Core is located in North Centre Oakville. It includes the area on either side of Trafalgar Road between Dundas Street and Glenashton Drive.[18]
West Oak Trails West Oak Trails is located in North Centre West Oakville on the north side of Upper Middle Road. It is a newer development than the other communities.[19]

Demographics

Oakville
YearPop.±%
1841550—    
18711,684+206.2%
19011,643−2.4%
19112,372+44.4%
19213,298+39.0%
19313,857+16.9%
19414,115+6.7%
19516,910+67.9%
196110,366+50.0%
197161,483+493.1%
198175,773+23.2%
1991114,670+51.3%
1996128,405+12.0%
2001144,738+12.7%
2006165,613+14.4%
2011182,520+10.2%

According to the 2011 Canadian Census, Oakville had 182,520 residents. This represents a 10.2% increase since the 2006 Census.[2]

According to the 2006 census, Oakville had a younger population than Canada as a whole. Minors (youth under 19 years of age) totalled 28.1 percent of the population compared to pensioners who number 11.7 percent. This compares with the Canadian average of 24.4 percent (minors) and 13.7 percent (pensioners).[20]

Ethnic Origin[21] Population Percent
English 45,435 24.89%
Scottish 31,870 17.46%
Irish 30,795 18.72%
Italian 16,970 9.30%
German 15,410 8.44%
French 14,580 7.99%
Polish 10,240 5.61%
Chinese 7,785 4.27%

As of 2006, 81.2% of the population was white. Other groups include South Asian: 6.0%, Chinese: 3.2%, black: 2.1%, and mixed race: 2%[20]

According to the 2011 Census, 69.6% of Oakville residents have English as their mother tongue (the corresponding figure for French is 1.8%). Polish is the native language for 1.5% of the population, followed by Italian, Portuguese, and Spanish (at 1.4% each).[22]

79.4% of residents stated their religion as Christian, almost evenly split between Roman Catholics and Protestants. Non-Christian religions include Islam: 2.0%, Hinduism: 1.3%, Sikhism: 1.1%, and Judaism: 0.7%. 14% indicated no religion.

The median household income is $101,675[23] with an average house value of $720,943.[24]

Climate

Climate data for Oakville (1981–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 17.5
(63.5) 		16.0
(60.8) 		27.5
(81.5) 		32.5
(90.5) 		36.1
(97.0) 		38.0
(100.4) 		37.5
(99.5) 		38.0
(100.4) 		35.0
(95.0) 		30.0
(86.0) 		23.3
(73.9) 		22.0
(71.6) 		38.0
(100.4)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) −0.2
(31.6) 		1.4
(34.5) 		5.7
(42.3) 		12.1
(53.8) 		18.7
(65.7) 		24.8
(76.6) 		27.4
(81.3) 		26.8
(80.2) 		22.6
(72.7) 		15.1
(59.2) 		8.4
(47.1) 		2.8
(37.0) 		13.8
(56.8)
Daily mean °C (°F) −3.9
(25.0) 		−2.7
(27.1) 		1.3
(34.3) 		7.1
(44.8) 		13.1
(55.6) 		19.2
(66.6) 		22.0
(71.6) 		21.4
(70.5) 		17.3
(63.1) 		10.4
(50.7) 		4.7
(40.5) 		−0.6
(30.9) 		9.1
(48.4)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −7.5
(18.5) 		−6.7
(19.9) 		−3.2
(26.2) 		2.1
(35.8) 		7.4
(45.3) 		13.6
(56.5) 		16.4
(61.5) 		16.0
(60.8) 		11.9
(53.4) 		5.6
(42.1) 		1.0
(33.8) 		−4.0
(24.8) 		4.4
(39.9)
Record low °C (°F) −30.0
(−22.0) 		−25.0
(−13.0) 		−23.0
(−9.4) 		−14.4
(6.1) 		−3.3
(26.1) 		1.1
(34.0) 		7.0
(44.6) 		3.0
(37.4) 		−1.7
(28.9) 		−7.0
(19.4) 		−14.0
(6.8) 		−27.0
(−16.6) 		−30.0
(−22.0)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 79.8
(3.14) 		51.2
(2.02) 		58.0
(2.28) 		76.9
(3.03) 		87.7
(3.45) 		63.3
(2.49) 		84.2
(3.31) 		59.3
(2.33) 		71.7
(2.82) 		60.5
(2.38) 		72.6
(2.86) 		62.4
(2.46) 		827.4
(32.57)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 39.6
(1.56) 		28.8
(1.13) 		33.8
(1.33) 		71.0
(2.80) 		87.7
(3.45) 		63.3
(2.49) 		84.2
(3.31) 		59.3
(2.33) 		71.7
(2.82) 		60.5
(2.38) 		67.0
(2.64) 		36.2
(1.43) 		703.0
(27.68)
Average snowfall cm (inches) 40.2
(15.8) 		22.4
(8.8) 		24.1
(9.5) 		5.9
(2.3) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		5.8
(2.3) 		26.2
(10.3) 		124.6
(49.1)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm) 16.4 10.7 11.5 11.7 12.7 11.2 11.7 10.1 10.5 10.4 13.8 13.5 144.0
Average rainy days (≥ 0.2 mm) 6.7 4.6 7.3 10.7 12.7 11.2 11.7 10.1 10.5 10.4 11.8 8.0 115.7
Average snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm) 11.4 7.3 5.6 1.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.9 7.0 35.6
Source: Environment Canada[25]

Sports

Oakville has a long history of sporting. The Oakville Blue Devils of Canadian Soccer League is a recognized professional soccer team. The Blue Devils are affiliated with the Oakville Soccer Club, which is the largest soccer club in Canada.[citation needed] Oakville boasts over 60 soccer fields and a Soccer Club Facility with a 2 star full size FIFA Certified indoor soccer pitch.[26]

Oakville is home to the headquarters and practice facilities of the Toronto Rock professional box lacrosse team competing in the National Lacrosse League. Oakville is also home to the 3rd largest minor lacrosse association in Ontario. The Oakville Minor Lacrosse Association has more than 1,500 players and competes in multiple classes and multiple divisions. The town also has the Oakville Buzz, a Junior "B" lacrosse team who won the Founders Cup in 2006. The current rep lacrosse team is the Oakville Hawks.

Oakville is home to the Oakville Crusaders Rugby club.[27]

Oakville also has a moderate amount of success in hockey with the Oakville Blades, a Tier II Junior "A" franchise since 1966, and a "AAA" hockey system. The current rep hockey team in Oakville is the Oakville Hornets and Oakville Rangers, who are the 2 time defending champions for the Midget "AAA" group.

Skate Oakville, which is headquartered at Oakville's Sixteen Mile Creek Sports Complex, is the largest skating club in Canada[citation needed] providing learn to skate lessons, recreational figure skating programs, competitive training, and 10 synchronized skating teams.[28]

Oakville also has two active (Division 1, 2, 3) rep basketball clubs, Oakville Vytis [29] and Oakville (Venom) Basketball Club [30]

Baseball is represented in Oakville by the OMBA (Oakville Minor Baseball Association) established in 1963. It offers 3 levels of baseball to children and youth in Oakville: House League, Select and Rep. OMBA runs the Oakville A's, the official Town Rep baseball playing in the Central Ontario Baseball Association (COBA) system. Oakville also has the largest Little League Organization in all of Canada. Having the Oakville Whitecaps as their All-star team. Their main field for 12U and under is Cornwall Park were the Home office is.[citation needed]

Glen Abbey Golf Course, site of several Canadian Open professional golf championships and many other amateur tournaments, is also located in Oakville.

Another sport Oakville is well known for is its Burloak Canoe Club, where they have had Olympians come out of such as Adam van Koeverden and Mark Oldershaw.

Events

Downtown Oakville Jazz Festival

The Downtown Oakville Jazz Festival is an annual summer jazz festival that has taken place every year since 1992. The event includes performances at a number of stages along Lakeshore Road East in downtown Oakville. As the festival is fully funded by the Downtown Oakville Business Improvement Area (BIA), the event is free to the public.[31]

Waterfront Festival

Beginning in 1982, Oakville's Coronation Park played host to the annual Oakville Waterfront Festival. Among a range of events, the festival included small amusement park rides, arts and crafts, food and drinks, free concerts headlined by Canadian bands, and nightly fireworks displays. The Waterfront Festival took place in late June of each year until 2010, when it was cancelled due to financial difficulties,[32] despite having annual attendance of up to 100,000 visitors. It returned in August 2013,[33] which was the final festival to date.

Past headliners at the Waterfront Festival included Jann Arden, Oakville resident Tom Cochrane, Great Big Sea, Alannah Myles, Blue Rodeo, Susan Aglukark, Michelle Wright, Jacksoul, Colin James, The Philosopher Kings, Jesse Cook, Finger Eleven, Justin Hines, Bedouin Soundclash, Ill Scarlett, Jully Black, David Usher, and Hedley.

For the Love of the Arts Festival

The For the Love of the Arts Festival is an annual event taking place in the late spring in Oakville. Inaugurated in 2002, the event is hosted by CommUnity Arts Space, a local umbrella group advocating for shared physical space for Oakville's arts and cultural groups.[34] Currently the only such multi-disciplinary community festival of its kind in Oakville, the event serves to showcase local talent, skills, crafts, literary art, dance performances, theatre groups and music performances. The event is intended as a symbolic presentation of a "shared space" and is entirely sponsored by local corporate and private donations.[35]

Midnight Madness

Downtown Oakville also hosts an annual street festival known as Midnight Madness. The event typically takes place during the month of July and provides an opportunity for local stores and vendors to showcase new products and sales, as well as a venue for local artists to perform at a number of street-level stages.

Oakville Family Ribfest

Oakville Family Ribfest is an annual event hosted at Sheridan College, and organized by the Rotary Club of Oakville Trafalgar.[36] The festival has professional ribbers, food vendors, live music and children's activities. Inaugurated in 2012, it is held each year on the third weekend in June.[37][38]

Education

Elementary schools and high schools in Oakville are a mix of private and public schools, with one of the highest ratios of private schools to student population in the country.[citation needed] Oakville is covered by the Halton District School Board, Halton Catholic District School Board, Conseil scolaire de district du Centre-Sud-Ouest, and Conseil scolaire de district catholique Centre-Sud.

The town is home to Appleby College, a private school for grades seven to twelve, established in 1911. Oakville is also home to Sheridan College, an animation and business studies institute, and Oakville's only higher education facility.

Government

Municipal and regional

At the municipal level, the governing body is the Oakville Town Council consisting of a mayor (currently Rob Burton) and twelve councillors. The town is divided into six wards, with two councillors elected by residents of each ward.

In each ward one councillor represents the ward solely on Oakville Town Council, and the other is a member of the 21-member governing council of the Regional Municipality of Halton, in addition to being a member of the 13-member Town Council.

Provincial

Oakville is situated in two provincial ridings which use the same boundaries as the federal ridings and are currently represented provincially by:

Federal

Oakville is situated in two federal ridings which are currently represented by:

Canadian Forces

Oakville is home to A Company of the Lorne Scots Regiment of the Canadian Army Reserve. They are located at the Oakville Armoury, which consists of offices and a parade square.

Arts and culture

The Oakville Arts Council

The Oakville Arts Council (OAC) promotes arts and culture in Oakville. Formed in 1978, the Council is a not-for-profit charitable, umbrella organization representing a large and diverse membership from the Oakville arts community. Its mission is to cultivate the arts and to enrich the creative life of the Community of Oakville. The Council publishes Arts About Town, Oakville's only magazine dedicated to local artists and arts issues.

Oakville Centre for the Performing Arts

Oakville Centre for the Performing Arts

The Oakville Centre for the Performing Arts houses several performances by local and international artists. It is also the performing venue for the Oakville Symphony Orchestra, the Oakville Children's Choir and the Oakville Ballet Company. The Oakville Arts Council provides further artistic talents in the town showcasing films, literary figures and visual arts.

CommUnity Arts Space

The Town of Oakville boasts many not-for-profit artistic, musical and cultural groups. These groups have been struggling to develop membership and programming due to lacking physical spaces. The groups joined forces in 2004, advocating for a shared space for arts, music and culture in Oakville, spearheaded by an advocacy group called CommUnity Arts Space (CUAS). CUAS has worked for a shared home for the arts and cultural groups for many years and is looking forward to the opening of Oakville's newest community centre in the former Queen Elizabeth Park (QEP) high school in Bronte, Oakville, in September 2011. The 140,000 sq ft (13,000 m2). facility, owned and operated by the Town of Oakville, will provide easy access to recreational, cultural and artistic programmes for residents of all ages, and will provide an enormous range of opportunities for joint programmes, events and educational opportunities.

Oakville Galleries

Oakville Galleries is a not-for-profit contemporary art museum that receives public funding from the Town of Oakville and several local, regional and national granting agencies. It is a collecting institution, holding more than 1,100 works of art. It operates out of two venues: Oakville Galleries at Centennial Square, located in downtown Oakville, and Oakville Galleries in Gairloch Gardens, located in East Oakville.[41]

The Oakville Children's Choir

The Oakville Children's Choir has been part of the community since 1994. It is an award winning, internationally recognized organization with multiple choirs of children from 5 to 18 years old. They have sung with Mary Lou Fallis, the Elmer Iseler Singers, Susan Aglukark and Erica Peck.

Sister cities

Oakville is twinned with the cities of Dorval,[42] in Quebec, and Neyagawa,[43] Japan. The Town of Oakville has named two major streets after these cities.

Media

Oakville is primarily served by media based in Toronto with markets in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA) that cover most of the news in the GTA. Oakville has one regional newspaper. The Oakville Beaver is published every Wednesday, Thursday and Friday.

The town also has two specialty radio stations: AM 1250 CJYE, a Christian music station and AM 1320 CJMR, a Multicultural station.

The following national cable television station also broadcast from Oakville:

  • The Weather Network, broadcasts nationally from Oakville since 2005
  • Hamilton based Television station CHCH-DT serves Hamilton, Halton and Niagara, thus including Oakville. CHCH recently closed its Halton Bureau (due to budget considerations) which was located in downtown Oakville.
  • TVCogeco from the studio in the Cogeco Cable Headquarters at Harvester Road & Burloak Drive, just inside of Burlington.

Transportation

Oakville Transit provides local bus service. GO Transit commuter rail and bus service operates from Bronte and Oakville stations. Via Rail services along the line between Windsor and Quebec corridor, and operates from Oakville station.

The Queen Elizabeth Way, Ontario Highway 403, and the 407 ETR highways run through Oakville.

Emergency services

Policing in Oakville is performed by the Halton Regional Police Service.[44]

Fire service is provided by the town through the Oakville Fire Department with eight fire stations.

The Town of Oakville's Waters Air Rescue Force (TOWARF) is a volunteer organization that provides marine search and rescue service in Western Lake Ontario. It was founded in 1954 and was a charter member of the Canadian Coast Guard Auxiliary.[45]

Commerce

Tim Hortons headquarters

Employers

Tim Hortons and Mattamy Homes are based in Oakville while Siemens and The Ford Motor Company have their head Canadian offices in the city. Many Oakville residents work in advanced manufacturing at large facilities operated by UTC Aerospace Systems and General Electric.[46]

Many Oakville companies fall under the life science umbrella, with an emphasis on pharmaceuticals and elder care.[46] There are also a number of retirement homes in the city.[46][47]

As Oakville is considered part of the Greater Toronto Area it is common for residents commute to jobs in Toronto.[48]

Oakville Place

Oakville, Ontario
Map
LocationOakville, Ontario, Canada
Opening date1981
ManagementRioCan
No. of stores and services98
No. of anchor tenants2[49]
Total retail floor area42,000 m2 (452,000 sq ft)[50]
No. of floors2
Websitewww.oakvilleplace.com

The Oakville Place Shopping Centre is an indoor shopping mall in Oakville that opened in 1981.[51][52][53] The mall is approximately 42,000 square metres (452,000 sq ft).[50][54] Oakville Place is anchored by Hudson's Bay[55] and Sears.[49] It has been described[by whom?] as "Oakville's leading shopping mall".[49] A centerpiece of the mall is a monumental clock, 12 ft (3.7 m) tall and weighing 6,000 lb (2,700 kg), that chimes every quarter hour. It was installed in 1981 and designed by Soheil Mosun Limited of Toronto.[56]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Coat of Arms". Town of Oakville. Retrieved 2007-12-30.
  2. ^ a b c d "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, census divisions, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2011 and 2006 censuses". Canada 2011 Census. Statistics Canada. Archived from the original on 8 February 2012.
  3. ^ "Illustrated Historical Atlas of Halton County (1877)". Waler & Miles. Retrieved 2008-05-26.
  4. ^ http://www.oakville.ca/culturerec/harbourheritage-essay3.html
  5. ^ http://www.cncphotoalbum.com/archive/cnchistory/history.htm
  6. ^ "Town of Oakville Official Plan" (PDF). Town of Oakville. 2006-09-30. p. 130. Retrieved 2008-09-30.
  7. ^ "Old Oakville Community Profile" (PDF). Town of Oakville. 2005. Retrieved 2008-09-30.
  8. ^ "The Plan for Kerr Village" (PDF). Town of Oakville. 2009-04-01. Retrieved 2011-12-20.
  9. ^ "Bronte Community Profile" (PDF). Town of Oakville. 2005. Retrieved 2008-09-30.
  10. ^ "Eastlake Community Profile" (PDF). Town of Oakville. 2005. Retrieved 2008-09-30.
  11. ^ "Clearview Community Profile" (PDF). Town of Oakville. 2005. Retrieved 2008-09-30.
  12. ^ "College Park Community Profile" (PDF). Town of Oakville. 2005. Retrieved 2008-09-30.
  13. ^ "Iroquois Ridge North Community Profile" (PDF). Town of Oakville. 2005. Retrieved 2008-09-30.
  14. ^ "Iroquois Ridge South Community Profile" (PDF). Town of Oakville. 2005. Retrieved 2008-09-30.
  15. ^ "Glen Abbey Community Profile" (PDF). Town of Oakville. 2005. Retrieved 2008-09-30.
  16. ^ "Palermo Community Profile" (PDF). Town of Oakville. 2005. Retrieved 2008-09-30.
  17. ^ "River Oaks Community Profile" (PDF). Town of Oakville. 2005. Retrieved 2008-09-30.
  18. ^ "Uptown Core Community Profile" (PDF). Town of Oakville. 2005. Retrieved 2008-09-30.
  19. ^ "West Oak Trails Community Profile" (PDF). Town of Oakville. 2005. Retrieved 2008-09-30.
  20. ^ a b "Community highlights for Oakville". 2006 Census Data. Statistics Canada. 2008-04-30. Retrieved 2008-06-04.
  21. ^ "NHS Profile, Oakville, Ontario, 2011". 2011 Census Data. Statistics Canada. 2013-09-11. Retrieved 2015-02-01.
  22. ^ Statistics Canada (24 October 2012). "Oakville, Ontario (Code 3524001) and Halton, Ontario (Code 3524) (table) Census Profile". 2011 Census. Ottawa: Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-XWE. Archived from the original on 29 October 2012.
  23. ^ GBzuLZyj "Census Subdivision (Oakville)". Community Profiles from the 2006 Census. Statistics Canada. Archived from the original on 27 April 2013. {{cite web}}: Check |archiveurl= value (help)
  24. ^ "Oakville Real Estate Market Statistics 2012". Retrieved 26 February 2013.
  25. ^ "Oakville". Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010. Environment Canada. Retrieved October 12, 2013.
  26. ^ http://www.oakvillesoccer.ca/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=651:pine-glen-soccer-centre-corporate-rentals&catid=136:indoor-news&Itemid=71 Oakville Pine Glen Soccer Facility
  27. ^ http://torontorugby.ca/clubs/oakville-crusaders-rugby-club/[non-primary source needed]
  28. ^ "Skate Oakville". Skate Oakville.ca. Skate Oakville. Retrieved 2015-11-03.[non-primary source needed]
  29. ^ http://www.oakvillevytis.com/ Oakville Vytis Basketball
  30. ^ http://www.oakvillebasketball.com/ Oakville Basketball Club (Venom)
  31. ^ Visit Oakville. City Of Oakville http://visitoakville.com/events/downtown-oakville-jazz-festival/. Retrieved Aug 11, 2015. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  32. ^ "Plug pulled on Oakville Waterfront Festival". InsideHalton. 2009-12-03.
  33. ^ Lea, David. "Oakville's Waterfront Festival returning in August". insidehalton.com. Retrieved 23 April 2013.
  34. ^ "In Ontario: Oakville Music And Art Shared Space". In Ontario.
  35. ^ "For Love Of The Arts Festival". Snapd Oakville. Retrieved Aug 11, 2015.
  36. ^ "Rotary Club of Oakville".
  37. ^ Oakville Family Ribfest returning June 20–22 at Sheridan. Oakville Beaver. May 09, 2014.
  38. ^ "Oakville Family Ribfest: new carnival rides & water balls add to family fun" Look Local Magazine. June 11, 2014.
  39. ^ Lea, David (2015-10-20). "John Oliver ousts incumbent Terence Young in Oakville riding". Oakville Beaver. Retrieved 2015-11-08.
  40. ^ Le, Julia (20 October 2015). "Liberal Pam Damoff takes new Oakville North—Burlington MP seat". Oakville Beaver. Archived from the original on 9 November 2015.
  41. ^ "Oakville Galleries". Retrieved 2011-08-23.
  42. ^ MacKinnon, Bobbi-Jean (1992-05-28). "People-to-people appeal for Canada growing". Toronto Star. p. MA.6. Retrieved 2009-08-28.
  43. ^ "Oakville's Sister City – Neyagawa, Japan". Oakville.ca. Town of Oakville. Archived from the original on 2009-08-28. Retrieved 2009-08-28.
  44. ^ "Oakville". Halton Region Police Service. Regional Municipality of Halton Police Services Board. Archived from the original on 9 February 2012.
  45. ^ "TOWARF". TOWARF – Town of Oakville Water Air Rescue Force. Retrieved 2011-02-26.
  46. ^ a b c "Top Employers By Sector". oakville.ca. City Of Oakville. Retrieved 4 November 2015.
  47. ^ "Retirement Homes Oakville". Comfort Life. Our Kids Media. Retrieved 4 November 2015.
  48. ^ "Living In Toronto What's It Like". Living In Canada. Retrieved 5 November 2015.
  49. ^ a b c Tour Book: Ontario, including Niagara Falls, New York, USA. Niagara Falls, NY: American Automobile Association. 2005. p. 134.
  50. ^ a b Maitland, Barry (1990). The new architecture of the retail mall. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold. ISBN 9781854548153. OCLC 23726658. Retrieved 2014-06-19.
  51. ^ Kukolic, Kristina (2010-12-09). "Oakville Place Is The Place To Be". Eye on Sheridan. Retrieved 2015-05-25.
  52. ^ Lea, David (2013-07-25). "Ceiling collapses at The Bay in Oakville Place". Oakville Beaver. Retrieved 2015-05-25.
  53. ^ Paisley, Dylan (2014-03-24). "Oakville Place is Just Dancing this March Break". The Sheridan Sun. Retrieved 2015-05-25.
  54. ^ Maitland, Barry (1985). Shopping malls: planning and design. New York: Nichols. p. 173. ISBN 9780893972264. OCLC 11971331.
  55. ^ Twyman, James F (2001). Ten Spiritual Lessons I Learned At The Mall. Forres: Findhorn. p. 30. ISBN 9781899171835. OCLC 48238420.
  56. ^ Oakville Place Shopping Centre – Monumental Clock
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