Portal:Cannabis

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Introduction

Cannabis (/ˈkænəbɪs/) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Cannabaceae. The number of species within the genus is disputed. Three species may be recognized: Cannabis sativa, C. indica, and C. ruderalis. Alternatively, C. ruderalis may be included within C. sativa, all three may be treated as subspecies of C. sativa, or C. sativa may be accepted as a single undivided species. The genus is widely accepted as being indigenous to and originating from Asia.

The plant is also known as hemp, although this term is often used to refer only to varieties of Cannabis cultivated for non-drug use. Cannabis has long been used for hemp fibre, hemp seeds and their oils, hemp leaves for use as vegetables and as juice, medicinal purposes, and as a recreational drug. Industrial hemp products are made from cannabis plants selected to produce an abundance of fibre. Various cannabis strains have been bred, often selectively to produce high or low levels of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), a cannabinoid and the plant's principal psychoactive constituent. Compounds such as hashish and hash oil are extracted from the plant. (Full article...)

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A dried cannabis flower

The effects of cannabis are caused by chemical compounds in the cannabis plant, including 113 different cannabinoids such as tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and 120 terpenes, which allow its drug to have various psychological and physiological effects on the human body. Different plants of the genus Cannabis contain different and often unpredictable concentrations of THC and other cannabinoids and hundreds of other molecules that have a pharmacological effect, so that the final net effect cannot reliably be foreseen.

Acute effects while under the influence can sometimes include euphoria. Although some assert that cannabidiol (CBD), another cannabinoid found in cannabis in varying amounts, may alleviate the adverse effects of THC that some users experience, little is known about CBD effects on humans. Cannabinoid receptor antagonists have previously been tested as antidotes for cannabis intoxication with success, reducing or eliminating the physiological and psychological effects of intoxication. Some of these products are currently in development as cannabis antidotes. (Full article...)

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Cannabis flowers at a cannabis dispensary

General images

The following are images from various cannabis-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Japanese Shinto shrine with rope made of hemp (from Hemp)
Image 2Hemp and bead jewelry (from Hemp)
Image 3Dried hemp stalks displayed at the International Hemp Fair in Vienna (from Hemp)
Image 4Top of Cannabis plant in vegetative growth stage (from Cannabis)
Image 5Cannabis leaf pictured in the coat of arms of Kanepi Parish (from Cannabis)
Image 6Cannabis indica fluid extract, American Druggists Syndicate, pre-1937 (from Medical cannabis)
Image 7Biodiesel sample (from Hemp)
Image 8Hemp being grown in Oregon in 2020 (from Hemp)
Image 9Dense raceme of female flowers typical of drug-type varieties of Cannabis (from Cannabis)
Image 10Hemp straw animal bedding (from Hemp)
Image 11Sour Diesel (from Cannabis strain)
Image 12The variety of appearances for cannabis. Only C. sativa (left) is suited for industrial hemp, but it also has medicinal varieties. (from Hemp)
Image 13The use of cannabis, at least as fiber, has been shown to go back at least 10,000 years in Taiwan. "Dà má" (Pinyin pronunciation) is the Chinese expression for cannabis, the first character meaning "big" and the second character meaning "hemp". (from Medical cannabis)
Image 14Cannabis sativa stem longitudinal section (from Cannabis)
Image 15Hemp rope (from Hemp)
Image 16Cannabis indica (from Cannabis strain)
Image 17Cannabis as illustrated in Köhler's Book of Medicinal Plants, 1897 (from Medical cannabis)
Image 18Underside of Cannabis sativa leaf, showing diagnostic venation (from Cannabis)
Image 19Male Cannabis flower buds (from Cannabis)
Image 20Cannabis ruderalis (from Cannabis strain)
Image 21Relative size of varieties of Cannabis (from Cannabis)
Image 22Hemp seed (from Hemp)
Image 23A dried bud, typical of what is sold for recreational use
Image 24The Chinese character for hemp (麻 or má) depicts two plants under a shelter. Cannabis cultivation dates back at least 3000 years in Taiwan. (from History of cannabis)
Image 25A male hemp plant (from Cannabis)
Image 26Whole hemp seeds (from Hemp)
Image 27An advertisement for cannabis americana distributed by a pharmacist in New York in 1917 (from Medical cannabis)
Image 28A flowering cannabis plant (from Cannabis strain)
Image 29Cannabis female flower with visible trichomes (from Cannabis)
Image 30American medical hashish (from Medical cannabis)
Image 31Legal status of (whole-plant) medical cannabis worldwide----
Legal as authorized by a physician
Legal for any use (no prescription required)
----See also countries that have decriminalized or where enforcement is limited. (from Medical cannabis)
Image 32White Widow (from Cannabis strain)
Image 33Cannabis sativa from Vienna Dioscurides, AD 512 (from History of cannabis)
Image 34Cannabis sativa (from Cannabis strain)
Image 35A hemp field in Côtes-d'Armor, Brittany, France, which is Europe's largest hemp producer as of 2022 (from Hemp)
Image 36Medical marijuana dispensary in Denver, Colorado (from Medical cannabis)
Image 37Comparison of physical harm and dependence regarding various drugs (from Cannabis)
Image 38Cannabis sativa from Vienna Dioscurides, 512 AD (from Hemp)
Image 39Bhang eaters from India c. 1790. Bhang is an edible preparation of cannabis native to the Indian subcontinent. It has been used in food and drink as early as 1000 BC by Hindus in ancient India. (from History of cannabis)
Image 40Harvesting hemp in the USSR, 1956 (from Hemp)
Image 41Cannabis ruderalis (from Cannabis)
Image 42A thicket of wild cannabis in Islamabad, Pakistan (from Cannabis)
Image 43Cannabis Museum in Amsterdam (from Cannabis)
Image 44Cannabis indica fluid extract, American Druggists Syndicate, pre-1937 (from History of cannabis)
Image 45A macro image of hemp seeds (from Hemp)
Image 46Evolution of cultivated cannabis strains. The cultivar, Cannabis ruderalis, still grows wild today. (from Medical cannabis)
Image 47The Ebers Papyrus (c. 1550 BCE) from Ancient Egypt has a prescription for medical marijuana applied directly for inflammation. (from Medical cannabis)
Image 48Blue Dream (from Cannabis strain)
Image 49Illustrating various forms of medicinal cannabis (from Medical cannabis)
Image 50Relative size of cannabis types (from Cannabis strain)
Image 51Cannabis growing as weeds at the foot of Dhaulagiri, Nepal (from Cannabis)
Image 52Hulled hemp seeds (from Hemp)

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Did you know...

... that the passage of the A.B. 390 by California's Public Safety Committee marked the first time in United States history that a bill legalizing marijuana passed a legislative committee?
... that the American television program Cannabis Planet features horticulturist and author Ed Rosenthal as a cannabis "expert"?

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“

The illegality of cannabis is outrageous, an impediment to full utilization of a drug which helps produce the serenity and insight, sensitivity and fellowship so desperately needed in this increasingly mad and dangerous world.

”

— Carl Sagan

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Cannabis in the news

27 January 2023 – Cannabis in Hong Kong: Hong Kong's Customs and Excise Department announces that all products containing cannabidiol will be banned as of February 1 and that the chemical will be classified in the same category as heroin and cocaine. (South China Morning Post)

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WikiProjects

WikiProject Cannabis	WikiProject Plants	WikiProject Medicine

WikiProject Drug Policy	WikiProject Psychoactive and Recreational Drugs	WikiProject Alternative medicine