Pulitzer Prize for Drama
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The Pulitzer Prize for Drama is one of the seven American Pulitzer Prizes that are annually awarded for Letters, Drama, and Music. It is one of the original Pulitzers, for the program was inaugurated in 1917 with seven prizes, four of which were awarded that year.[1] (No Drama prize was given, however, so that one was inaugurated in 1918, in a sense.)[2] It recognizes a theatrical work staged in the U.S. during the preceding calendar year.
Joseph Pulitzer stipulated that the Pulitzer Prize for Drama should be awarded, “…“Annually, for the original American play, performed in New York, which shall best represent the educational value and power of the stage in raising the standard of good morals, good taste, and good manners." The original prize was $1,000. [3]
Until 2007, eligibility for the Drama Prize ran from March 1 to March 2 to reflect the Broadway "season" rather than the calendar year that governed most other Pulitzer Prizes.
The drama jury is composed of four members and a chair. Typically, these are three or four critics, complemented by academics or playwrights. The jury reviews scripts submitted by New York and regional theater productions, taking the production of the play into account.[4]
The drama jury is composed of four members and a chair. Typically, these are three or four critics, complemented by academics or playwrights. The jury reviews scripts submitted by New York and regional theater productions, taking the production of the play into account.[5] The jury makes recommendations to the Pulitzer board, which the board is not required to accept. This can result in the prize being awarded to another play, or in no prize being awarded.
Rejections of the jury's recommendations
[edit]In 1924, the board's selection of Hell-Bent Fer Heaven over the jury's recommendation of George Kelly's The Show-Off caused a minor scandal as the recipient of the award, Hatcher Hughes, taught at Columbia, which oversees the award. The jury resigned.[6]
In 1955 Joseph Pulitzer, Jr. pressured the prize jury into presenting the Prize to Cat on a Hot Tin Roof, which the jury considered the weakest of the five shortlisted nominees ("amateurishly constructed... from the stylistic points of view annoyingly pretentious"), instead of Clifford Odets' The Flowering Peach or Maxwell Anderson's The Bad Seed.[7]
Edward Albee's Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? was selected for the 1963 Pulitzer Prize for Drama by that year's jury. However, the jury was overruled by the award's advisory board, the trustees of Columbia University, because of the play's then-controversial use of profanity and sexual themes.[citation needed] The jurors, John Gassner and John Mason Brown, resigned, calling the decision "a farce."[6]
In 1986, the jury's only recommendation was Robert Wilson's the CIVIL warS and the board declined to award a prize.[8] Critic Dan Sullivan criticized both the board, for ignoring the jury of experts and refusing to acknowledge the avant-garde auteur Wilson, and the jury, for not selecting other plays as finalists, such as Aunt Dan and Lemon by Wallace Shawn or The Normal Heart by Larry Kramer.[6]
Awards and nominations
[edit]In its first 106 years to 2022, the Drama Pulitzer was awarded 91 times; none were given in 15 years and it was never split.
The most recipients of the prize in one year was five, when Michael Bennett, James Kirkwood, Jr., Nicholas Dante, Marvin Hamlisch, and Edward Kleban shared the 1976 prize for the musical A Chorus Line.[2]
Notes
[edit]† marks winners of the Tony Award for Best Play.
* marks winners of the Tony Award for Best Musical.
≠ marks nominees of the Tony Award for Best Play or the Tony Award for Best Musical
1910s
[edit]| Year | Production | Author |
|---|---|---|
| 1917 | ||
| no award[1] | N/a | |
| 1918 | ||
| Why Marry? | Jesse Lynch Williams | |
| 1919 | ||
| no award | N/a |
1920s
[edit]1930s
[edit]1940s
[edit]| Year | Production | Author |
|---|---|---|
| 1940 | ||
| The Time of Your Life[n] | William Saroyan | |
| 1941 | ||
| There Shall Be No Night[o] | Robert E. Sherwood | |
| 1942 | ||
| no award[p] | N/a | |
| 1943 | ||
| The Skin of Our Teeth[q] | Thornton Wilder | |
| 1944 | ||
| no award[r] | N/a | |
| 1945 | ||
| Harvey[s] | Mary Coyle Chase | |
| 1946 | ||
| State of the Union | Russel Crouse and Howard Lindsay | |
| 1947 | ||
| no award[t] | N/a | |
| 1948 | ||
| A Streetcar Named Desire[u] | Tennessee Williams | |
| 1949 | ||
| Death of a Salesman†[v] | Arthur Miller |
1950s
[edit]1960s
[edit]| Year | Production | Author |
|---|---|---|
| 1960 | ||
| Fiorello!*[ag] | Jerome Weidman, George Abbott, Jerry Bock and Sheldon Harnick | |
| 1961 | ||
| All the Way Home≠ | Tad Mosel | |
| 1962 | ||
| How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying*[ah] | Frank Loesser and Abe Burrows | |
| 1963 | ||
| no award[ai] | N/a | |
| 1964 | ||
| no award | N/a | |
| 1965 | ||
| The Subject Was Roses† | Frank D. Gilroy | |
| 1966 | ||
| no award | N/a | |
| 1967 | ||
| A Delicate Balance≠ | Edward Albee | |
| 1968 | ||
| no award | N/a | |
| 1969 | ||
| The Great White Hope†[aj] | Howard Sackler |
1970s
[edit]1980s
[edit]1990s
[edit]2000s
[edit]2010s
[edit]2020s
[edit]| Year | Production | Author | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | |||
| A Strange Loop* | Michael R. Jackson | ||
| Heroes of the Fourth Turning | Will Arbery | ||
| Soft Power | David Henry Hwang and Jeanine Tesori | ||
| 2021 | |||
| The Hot Wing King | Katori Hall | [53] | |
| Circle Jerk | Michael Breslin and Patrick Foley | ||
| Stew | Zora Howard | ||
| 2022 | |||
| Fat Ham≠ | James Ijames | [54] | |
| Kristina Wong, Sweatshop Overlord | Kristina Wong | ||
| Selling Kabul | Sylvia Khoury | ||
| 2023 | |||
| English≠ | Sanaz Toossi | [55] | |
| The Far Country | Lloyd Suh | ||
| On Sugarland | Aleshea Harris | ||
| 2024 | |||
| Primary Trust | Eboni Booth | [56] | |
| Here There Are Blueberries | Amanda Gronich and Moises Kaufman | ||
| Public Obscenities | Shayok Misha Chowdhury | ||
| 2025 | |||
| Purpose† | Branden Jacobs-Jenkins | ||
| The Ally | Itamar Moses | ||
| Oh, Mary!≠ | Cole Escola |
Notes
[edit]- ^ The Nominating Jury acknowledged their first choice, The Civil Wars, was unconventional and "not a play in any traditional sense of the word". The only other option they offered was Hannah and Her Sisters by Woody Allen which they realized was not a traditional nominee for a drama award, due to it being a film, but thought they would "raise the question of... eligibility" anyway.[citation needed]
Musicals
[edit]Ten musicals have won the Pulitzer Prize for Drama, roughly one per decade from the 1930s to the 2020s¹. They are: George and Ira Gershwin's Of Thee I Sing (1932), Rodgers and Hammerstein's South Pacific (1950), Bock & Harnick's Fiorello! (1960), Frank Loesser's How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying (1962), Marvin Hamlisch, Edward Kleban, James Kirkwood, Jr., and Nicholas Dante's A Chorus Line (1976), Stephen Sondheim's and James Lapine's Sunday in the Park with George (1985), Jonathan Larson's Rent (1996), Brian Yorkey and Tom Kitt's Next to Normal (2010), Lin-Manuel Miranda's Hamilton (2016), and Michael R. Jackson's A Strange Loop (2020). Though it did not win for Drama, Oklahoma! was awarded a special Pulitzer Prize in 1944.
Of note, South Pacific won the 1950 Pulitzer for Drama but its source material, James Michener's Tales of the South Pacific, also won the 1948 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction. Similarly, non-musical All the Way Home by Tad Mosel won the 1961 Pulitzer and was based on James Agee's 1957 Pulitzer winning novel A Death in the Family.
Sunday in the Park with George and Next to Normal are the only musicals that won the Pulitzer Prize and did not also win the Tony Award for Best Musical; the latter won the authors Tonys for Best Original Score and Best Orchestrations.[57] Of Thee I Sing opened before the Tony Awards existed.
The award goes to the playwright, although production of the play is also taken into account. In the case of a musical being awarded the prize, the composer, lyricist and book writer are generally the recipients. An exception to this was the first Pulitzer ever awarded to a musical: when Of Thee I Sing won in 1932, book authors George S. Kaufman and Morrie Ryskind, as well as lyricist Ira Gershwin, were cited as the winners, while composer George Gershwin's contribution was overlooked by the committee. The reason given was that the Pulitzer Prize for Drama is a dramatic award, and not a musical one. However, by 1950 the Pulitzer committee included composer Richard Rodgers as a recipient when South Pacific won the award, in recognition of music as an integral and important part of the theatrical experience.[58]
Additionally, since 1983, when the identity of finalists was first disclosed, five musicals have been finalists for the Pulitzer Prize for Drama. They are: Lee Breuer and Bob Telson's The Gospel at Colonus (1985); Lin-Manuel Miranda and Quiara Alegría Hudes' In the Heights (2009); Jeanine Tesori and Lisa Kron's Fun Home (2014); Taylor Mac's A 24-Decade History of Popular Music (2017); and David Henry Hwang and Jeanine Tesori's Soft Power (2020).[2]
¹All listed dates are Prize years. Generally, the musical in question opened in New York during either the preceding calendar year or the preceding Broadway season.
Multiple wins and nominations
[edit]|
The following individuals received two or more Pulitzer Prizes for Drama:
|
The following individuals received two or more nominations:
|
Lynn Nottage is the only female playwright to win the prize twice. She and August Wilson are the only playwrights of color to accomplish this feat.
Jon Robin Baitz, Gina Gionfriddo, John Guare, A.R. Gurney, Richard Greenberg, Tina Howe, Stephen Karam, Sarah Ruhl and Jeanine Tesori have each been named finalists twice without winning. David Henry Hwang is the only person to have been named a finalist thrice without winning. Lin-Manuel Miranda and Jeanine Tesori are the only people to be named as a finalist twice for writing/composing a musical, with Miranda winning in 2016.
Notes
[edit]- ^ The 1921 jury shortlisted The First Year by Frank Craven and Nemesis by Augustus Thomas.[9]
- ^ The 1923 jury shortlisted Merton of the Movies by George S. Kaufman and Marc Connelly.[10]
- ^ The 1924 jury unanimously recommended The Show-Off by George Kelly. The Advisory Board bypassed their suggestion for Hell-Bent Fer Heaven by Hatcher Hughes.[11]
- ^ The 1925 jury shortlisted What Price Glory? by Maxwell Anderson and Laurence Stallings.[12]
- ^ The 1926 jury shortlisted In a Garden by Philip Barry, A Man's Man by Patrick Kearney and The Wisdom Tooth by Marc Connelly.[13]
- ^ The 1928 jury shortlisted Behold the Bridegroom by George Kelly, Coquette by Ann Preston Bridgers and George Abbott, Four Walls by George Abbott and Dana Burnet, Paris Bound by Philip Barry, The Racket by Bartlett Cormack, The Royal Family by George S. Kaufman and Edna Ferber, and The Trial of Mary Dugan by Bayard Veiller.[14]
- ^ The 1932 jury shortlisted, in order of preference, Mourning Becomes Electra by Eugene O'Neill, The Animal Kingdom by Philip Barry, The House of Connelly by Paul Green and The Left Bank by Elmer Rice.[15]
- ^ The 1933 jury shortlisted Another Language by Rose Franken and When Ladies Meet by Rachel Crothers.[16]
- ^ The 1934 jury unanimously recommended Mary of Scotland by Maxwell Anderson. They also shortlisted Ah, Wilderness! by Eugene O'Neill, eventual winner Men in White by Sidney Kingsley, Peace on Earth by George Sklar and Albert Maltz, They Shall Not Die by John Wexley, Wednesday's Child by Leopold L. Atlas and Yellow Jack by Sidney Howard.[17]
- ^ The 1935 jury shortlisted, in order of preference, Personal Appearance by Lawrence Riley, Merrily We Roll Along by George S. Kaufman and Moss Hart, and Valley Forge by Maxwell Anderson.[18]
- ^ The 1936 jury chose End of Summer by S. N. Behrman as runner-up.[19]
- ^ The 1937 jury shortlisted High Tor by Maxwell Anderson, Marching Song by John Howard Lawson and Rising Tide by George Brewer, Jr.[20]
- ^ The 1939 jury shortlisted Family Portrait by Lenore Coffee and William J. Cowen.[21]
- ^ The 1940 jury shortlisted Key Largo by Maxwell Anderson, Life with Father by Howard Lindsay and Russel Crouse, The Male Animal by James Thurber and Elliott Nugent, The Man Who Came to Dinner by George S. Kaufman and Moss Hart, Night Music by Clifford Odets and Two on an Island by Elmer Rice.[22]
- ^ The 1941 jury shortlisted Arsenic and Old Lace by Joseph Kesselring, Claudia by Rose Franken, Johnny Belinda by Elmer Blaney Harris, Native Son by Paul Green and Richard Wright, The Talley Method by S. N. Behrman and Watch on the Rhine by Lillian Hellman.[23]
- ^ The 1942 jury discussed Cafe Crown by H. S. Kraft and The Moon Is Down by John Steinbeck, but unanimously recommended that the Pulitzer board give no award.[24]
- ^ The 1943 jury shortlisted The Eve of St. Mark by Maxwell Anderson, Harriet by Florence Ryerson and The Patriots by Sidney Kingsley.[25]
- ^ Two members of the 1944 jury recommended The Voice of the Turtle by John Van Druten, whose eligibility was in question because he was a British national in the process of applying for American citizenship. The Pulitzer board independently presented Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein II with a Special Award and Citation for the musical Oklahoma![26]
- ^ The 1945 jury shortlisted Dark of the Moon by Howard Richardson and William Berney.[27]
- ^ The 1947 jury was not unanimous, but multiple jurors each shortlisted All My Sons by Arthur Miller, Christopher Blake by Moss Hart, The Fatal Weakness by George Kelly and The Iceman Cometh by Eugene O'Neill.[28]
- ^ The 1948 jury shortlisted Command Decision by William Wister Haines and Mister Roberts by Thomas Heggen and Joshua Logan.[29]
- ^ The 1949 jury shortlisted Anne of the Thousand Days by Maxwell Anderson and Summer and Smoke by Tennessee Williams.[30]
- ^ The 1950 jury recommended The Consul by Gian Carlo Menotti, an opera that had been chosen by the jury for the Pulitzer Prize for Music, which it won. The jury shortlisted The Member of the Wedding by Carson McCullers. They also considered The Cocktail Party by T. S. Eliot, but Eliot had renounced his American citizenship. The Advisory Board made their own choice: South Pacific by Richard Rodgers, Oscar Hammerstein II and Joshua Logan.[31]
- ^ The 1951 jury shortlisted, in order, Billy Budd by Louis O. Coxe and Robert Chapman, Darkness at Noon by Sidney Kingsley and Second Threshold by Philip Barry and Robert E. Sherwood. The Pulitzer board decided to give no award.[32]
- ^ The 1952 jury shortlisted, in order, Point of No Return by Paul Osborn and One Bright Day by Sigmund Miller.[33]
- ^ The 1953 jury shortlisted The Crucible by Arthur Miller and The Time of the Cuckoo by Arthur Laurents.[34]
- ^ The 1954 jury considered The Caine Mutiny Court-Martial by Herman Wouk, but noted they "cannot in all conscience recommend" it for the prize because it was an adaptation of Wouk's novel The Caine Mutiny, for which he had already won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction. They also shortlisted Tea and Sympathy by Robert Anderson and gave honorable mention to In the Summer House by Jane Bowles.[35]
- ^ The 1955 jury shortlisted, in order, The Bad Seed by Maxwell Anderson, The Flowering Peach by Clifford Odets, The Desperate Hours by Joseph Hayes, Bus Stop by William Inge and Cat on a Hot Tin Roof by Tennessee Williams. The jury gave extremely faint praise to Cat on a Hot Tin Roof, calling it "amateurishly constructed," but the Pulitzer board awarded it the prize based on the recommendation of chairman Joseph Pulitzer Jr.[36]
- ^ The 1956 jury shortlisted Inherit the Wind by Jerome Lawrence and Robert E. Lee, and Time Limit! by Henry Denker and Ralph Berkey.[37]
- ^ The 1957 jury shortlisted Orpheus Descending by Tennessee Williams and Visit to a Small Planet by Gore Vidal.[38]
- ^ The 1958 jury shortlisted The Dark at the Top of the Stairs by William Inge and Sunrise at Campobello by Dore Schary.[39]
- ^ The 1959 jury gave honorable mention to A Raisin in the Sun by Lorraine Hansberry.[40]
- ^ The 1960 jury recommended Toys in the Attic by Lillian Hellman. The Pulitzer board awarded the prize to Fiorello! by Jerome Weidman, George Abbott, Jerry Bock and Sheldon Harnick, a musical which had not even been mentioned in the jury's report.[41]
- ^ The 1962 jury shortlisted Gideon by Paddy Chayefsky, The Night of the Iguana by Tennessee Williams and Purlie Victorious by Ossie Davis.[42]
- ^ The 1963 jury recommended Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? by Edward Albee, but the Pulitzer board, who have sole discretion in awarding the prize, rejected the recommendation, due to the play's perceived vulgarity, and no award was given instead.[43]
- ^ The 1969 jury shortlisted 1776 by Sherman Edwards and Peter Stone, The Boys in the Band by Mart Crowley and Ceremonies in Dark Old Men by Lonne Elder III.[44]
- ^ Though the 1970 jury was unanimous in recommending No Place to Be Somebody by Charles Gordone for the prize, juror Richard Watts Jr. also asked for consideration of Child's Play by Robert Marasco and Last of the Red Hot Lovers by Neil Simon.[45]
- ^ The 1971 jury also considered Les Blancs by Lorraine Hansberry and The House of Blue Leaves by John Guare.[46]
- ^ The 1972 jury recommended no award be given, but mentioned in their report that they had considered Follies by Stephen Sondheim and James Goldman, Moonchildren by Michael Weller, Sticks and Bones by David Rabe and Twigs by George Furth as possibilities.[47]
- ^ The 1973 jury shortlisted The River Niger by Joseph A. Walker.[48]
- ^ The 1974 jury stated they could not "wholeheartedly recommend" any play for the Pulitzer, but included a shortlist of plays "worthy of some serious consideration." These were, in order, Short Eyes by Miguel Piñero, What the Wine‐Sellers Buy by Ron Milner, The Great MacDaddy by Paul Carter Harrison, The Life and Times of Joseph Stalin by Robert Wilson, Bad Habits by Terrence McNally and Baba Goya (Nourish the Beast) by Steve Tesich.[49]
- ^ The 1976 jury shortlisted The First Breeze of Summer by Leslie Lee and Streamers by David Rabe.[50]
- ^ The 1977 jury unanimously recommended The Shadow Box by Michael Cristofer for the prize. However, juror Richard L. Coe also commended A Texas Trilogy by Preston Jones, while juror Brendan Gill favored The Runner Stumbles by Milan Stitt.[51]
- ^ The 1978 jury unanimously recommended The Gin Game by Donald L. Coburn for the prize. They also considered the following plays by "new young writers," but noted "that any award in this group would be premature": Curse of the Starving Class by Sam Shepard, Feedlot by Patrick Meyers, Landscape of the Body by John Guare, A Life in the Theatre and The Water Engine by David Mamet, A Prayer for My Daughter by Thomas Babe and Uncommon Women and Others by Wendy Wasserstein.[52]
References
[edit]- ^ a b "1917 Winners". The Pulitzer Prizes. Retrieved 2013-12-20.
- ^ a b c "Drama". The Pulitzer Prizes (pulitzer.org). Retrieved 2013-12-20.
- ^ Hohenberg, John (1974). The Pulitzer prizes: a history of the awards in books, drama, music, and journalism based on the privates files over 6 decades. New York, NY: Columbia Univ. Press. ISBN 978-0-231-03771-6.
- ^ "Administration of the Prizes". The Pulitizer Prizes. Retrieved 9 January 2026.
- ^ "Administration of the Prizes". The Pulitizer Prizes. Retrieved 9 January 2026.
- ^ a b c Sullivan, Dan (4 May 1986). "A REAL NO-WIN SITUATION: This Year's Pulitzer Prize Drama Is Offstage". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 29 April 2022. Retrieved 9 January 2026.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-Dietrich & Erika J. Fischer. The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-Winning Materials in Journalism, Letters, and Arts München: K.G. Saur, 2008. ISBN 3-598-30170-7 ISBN 9783598301704 p. 246
- ^ Winn, Steven (13 April 1997). "Pulitzer a No-Show for Drama / What does the lack of an award winner have to say about American theater?". San Francisco Chronicle. SFGate. Archived from the original on 22 September 2015. Retrieved 9 January 2026.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. p. 4. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. p. 58. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. p. 58. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. p. 65. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. p. 70. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. pp. 84, 85. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. p. 108. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. p. 112. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. p. 117. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. p. 9. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. p. 122. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. p. 126. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. p. 10. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. p. 11. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. p. 164. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. p. 11. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. p. 11. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. p. 12. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. p. 190. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. p. 200. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. p. 13. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. pp. 212, 213, 214. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. pp. 218, 219. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. pp. 222, 223. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. p. 228. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. p. 232. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. p. 235. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. p. 15. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. p. 243. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. p. 16. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. p. 16. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. p. 263. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. p. 17. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. pp. 279, 280. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ Klein, Alvin (May 24, 1998). ""Albee's 'Tiny Alice,' The Whole Enchilada"". The New York Times.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. p. 300. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. p. 302. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. p. 306. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. p. 310. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. p. 312. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. pp. 314, 315. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. p. 322. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. p. 324. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ Fischer, Heinz-D.; Fischer, Erika J. (2008). The Pulitzer Prize Archive: A History and Anthology of Award-winning Material in Journalism, Letters and Arts — Chronicle of the Pulitzer Prizes for Drama: Discussions, Decision and Documents. Berlin: K.G. Saur. p. 328. ISBN 9783598301926.
- ^ "The Hot Wing King Wins the 2021 Pulitzer Prize for Drama". Broadway World.
- ^ 2022 Pulitzer Prizes
- ^ 2023 Pulitzer Prizes
- ^ 2024 Pulitzer Prizes
- ^ Next to Normal at the Internet Broadway Database
- ^ Flinn, Denny Martin. Musical! A Grand Tour. Schirmer, first edition (April 17, 1997), pages 230–31. ISBN 0-02-864610-X
External links
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Media related to Pulitzer Prize for Drama winners at Wikimedia Commons
