Simplexvirus

Simplexvirus
Virus classification
Group:	Group I (dsDNA)
Order:	Herpesvirales
Family:	Herpesviridae
Subfamily:	Alphaherpesvirinae
Genus:	Simplexvirus
Type species
	Human herpesvirus 1;
Species
	Human herpesvirus 1 Human herpesvirus 2

Simplexvirus is a genus of viruses in the order Herpesvirales, in the family Herpesviridae, in the subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae. Humans and mammals serve as natural hosts. Currently, 11 species are placed in this genus, including the type species human herpesvirus 1. Diseases associated with this genus include skin vesicles or mucosal ulcers, rarely encephalitis, and meningitis.^[1]^[2]

Taxonomy

Group: dsDNA

Order: Herpesvirales

Family: Herpesviridae
- Subfamily: Alphaherpesvirinae
  - Genus: Simplexvirus
    
    Ateline herpesvirus 1
    
    Bovine herpesvirus 2
    
    Cercopithecine herpesvirus 2
    
    Human herpesvirus 1
    
    Human herpesvirus 2
    
    Leporid herpesvirus 4
    
    Macacine herpesvirus 1
    
    Macropodid herpesvirus 1
    
    Macropodid herpesvirus 2
    
    Papiine herpesvirus 2
    
    Saimiriine herpesvirus 1

^[2]

Structure

Viruses in Simplexvirus are enveloped, with icosahedral, spherical to pleomorphic, and round geometries, and T=16 symmetry. The diameter is around 150-200 nm. Genomes are linear and unsegmented, around 152kb in length.^[1]

Genus	Structure	Symmetry	Capsid	Genomic arrangement	Genomic segmentation
Simplexvirus	Spherical pleomorphic	T=16	Enveloped	Linear	Monopartite

Lifecycle

Viral replication is nuclear, and is lysogenic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by attachment of the viral gB, gC, gD, and gH proteins to host receptors, which mediates endocytosis. Replication follows the dsDNA bidirectional replication model. DNA-templated transcription, with some alternative splicing mechanism, is the method of transcription. Translation takes place by leaky scanning. The virus exits the host cell by nuclear egress, budding, and microtubular outwards viral transport. Human and mammals serve as the natural hosts. Transmission routes are sexual, contact, and saliva.^[1]

Genus	Host details	Tissue tropism	Entry details	Release details	Replication site	Assembly site	Transmission
Simplexvirus	Humans; mammals	Epithelial mucosa	Cell receptor endocytosis	Budding	Nucleus	Nucleus	Saliva

References

^ ^a ^b ^c "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
^ ^a ^b ICTV. "Virus Taxonomy: 2014 Release". Retrieved 15 June 2015.

External links

[ViralZone-1] "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015.

[ICTV-2] ICTV. "Virus Taxonomy: 2014 Release". Retrieved 15 June 2015.

[1]

[2]