October 1974: Difference between revisions
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==[[October 4]], 1974 (Friday)== |
==[[October 4]], 1974 (Friday)== |
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*[[Deng Xiaopeng]], who had fallen into disfavor during the [[Cultural Revolution]] in the China after serving as a high-ranking government official in the 1950s, was named as the [[Primary Vice Premier of the People's Republic of China]] by Premier [[Zhou Enlai]], with the approval of Communist Party Chairman [[Mao Zedong]], and would later become the paramount leader of the People's Republic.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Dillon |first=Michael |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qBGMDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA201 |title=Deng Xiaoping: The Man who Made Modern China |date=27 October 2014 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |isbn=978-0-85772-467-0 |pages=201 |access-date=18 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211118180612/https://books.google.com/books?id=qBGMDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA201 |archive-date=18 November 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref> |
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*The conservative [[New Democracy (Greece)|New Democracy]] (''Néa Dimokratía'') political party was founded in [[Greece]] by former Prime Minister [[Konstantinos Karamanlis]]after the end of rule by the [[Greek junta|nation's military junta]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Pappas|first=T.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7mIGBAAAQBAJ&pg=PT26|title=Populism and Crisis Politics in Greece|date=2014-07-16|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-1-137-41058-0|pages=14|language=en|quote=New Democracy (ND), a center-right party founded by Karamanlis in October 1974}}</ref> |
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*U.S. President [[Gerald Ford]] launched his "Whip Inflation Now" (WIN) campaign in conjunction with a speech to Congress to reduce the federal deficit by reducing federal spending and raising the income tax for corporations and wealthy individuals by five percent. The "WIN" campaign was intended to encourage Americans to save money by reducing personal spending.<ref>[http://millercenter.org/scripps/archive/speeches/detail/3283 Gerald Ford Speeches: ''Whip Inflation Now''] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080829173510/http://millercenter.org/scripps/archive/speeches/detail/3283 |date=August 29, 2008 }} (October 8, 1974), Miller Center of Public Affairs. Retrieved May 18, 2011</ref> |
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*'''Died:''' |
*'''Died:''' |
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**[[Anne Sexton]], 45, American poet and writer, winner of the [[Pulitzer Prize for Poetry]], committed [[suicide by carbon monoxide poisoning]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Anne Sexton Dies; Pulitzer Poet, 45 |newspaper=The New York Times |agency=AP |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1974/10/06/archives/wnne-sexton-dies-pulitzer-poet-45-bad-case-of-melancholy.html |date=6 October 1974 |at=Page 65, columns 3-4 |access-date=28 November 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Anne Sexton Ruled Suicide |newspaper=The New York Times |agency=AP |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1974/10/09/archives/anne-sexton-ruled-suicide.html |date=9 October 1974 |at=Page 46, column 3 |access-date=30 November 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |editor-last=George |editor-first=Diana Hume |title=Sexton: Selected Criticism |publisher=Board of Trustees of the [[University of Illinois]] |year=1988}}, cited in {{cite web |title=A Sexton Chronology |url=http://www.english.illinois.edu/maps/poets/s_z/sexton/chrono.htm |website=Modern American Poetry |archive-date=19 February 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090219234755/http://www.english.illinois.edu/maps/poets/s_z/sexton/chrono.htm |via=[[University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign]] |access-date=28 November 2023}}</ref> |
**[[Anne Sexton]], 45, American poet and writer, winner of the [[Pulitzer Prize for Poetry]], committed [[suicide by carbon monoxide poisoning]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Anne Sexton Dies; Pulitzer Poet, 45 |newspaper=The New York Times |agency=AP |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1974/10/06/archives/wnne-sexton-dies-pulitzer-poet-45-bad-case-of-melancholy.html |date=6 October 1974 |at=Page 65, columns 3-4 |access-date=28 November 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Anne Sexton Ruled Suicide |newspaper=The New York Times |agency=AP |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1974/10/09/archives/anne-sexton-ruled-suicide.html |date=9 October 1974 |at=Page 46, column 3 |access-date=30 November 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |editor-last=George |editor-first=Diana Hume |title=Sexton: Selected Criticism |publisher=Board of Trustees of the [[University of Illinois]] |year=1988}}, cited in {{cite web |title=A Sexton Chronology |url=http://www.english.illinois.edu/maps/poets/s_z/sexton/chrono.htm |website=Modern American Poetry |archive-date=19 February 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090219234755/http://www.english.illinois.edu/maps/poets/s_z/sexton/chrono.htm |via=[[University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign]] |access-date=28 November 2023}}</ref> |
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Revision as of 15:44, 17 February 2024
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The following events occurred in October 1974:
October 1, 1974 (Tuesday)
- The Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden was inaugurated in Washington, D.C., to display the art collection donated by Joseph Hirshhorn, who was present for the event. U.S. President Gerald Ford, whose wife, Betty Ford, was recovering from breast cancer surgery, was unable to attend.[1]
- Two people were killed in a riot that began in Oaxaca, Mexico, with people protesting the rising cost of living, resulted in 2 deaths and over 200 arrests.[2]
- A chicken house fire in Pittsfield, Maine, killed 29,000 hens and caused over $50,000 in damage.[3]
- Died:
- Spyridon Marinatos, 72, Greek archaeologist, discoverer of the ruined city of Aktotiri, died of a skull fracture from an accidental fall at an excavation on the island of Santorini.[4][5]
- Clifford McIntire, 66, former member of the United States House of Representatives from Maine[6][7]
- Frederick Moosbrugger, 73, United States Navy vice admiral, World War II commander of destroyer squadrons[8][9]
October 2, 1974 (Wednesday)
- United Artists released the crime drama film The Taking of Pelham One Two Three, starring Walter Matthau and directed by Joseph Sargent.[10][11]
- Paramount Pictures released the crime drama film The Gambler, starring James Caan and directed by Karel Reisz.[12][13]
- Born: Rachana Banerjee (born Jhumjhum Banerjee), Indian film actress; in Calcutta, West Bengal[14][15]
- Died:
- Nurul Amin, 81, the only Vice President of Pakistan, known for serving 13 days as Prime Minister in 1971 and eight days acting president in 1972.[16]
- William Lipkind, 69, American anthropologist and children's author[17]
- Vasily Shukshin, 45, Soviet actor, writer, screenwriter and director from the Altai region, died of a heart attack.[18]
- Carl R. Woodward, 84, former president of the University of Rhode Island[19]
October 3, 1974 (Thursday)
- An earthquake with an epicenter located 80 kilometres (50 mi) west-southwest of Lima, Peru, left 78 people dead and 2,414 injured.[20][21][22]
- Born: Marianne Timmer, Dutch 3-time Olympic champion speed skater; in Sappemeer, Groningen[23]
- Died: Bessie Louise Pierce, 86, American historian, author of A History of Chicago[24]
October 4, 1974 (Friday)
- Deng Xiaopeng, who had fallen into disfavor during the Cultural Revolution in the China after serving as a high-ranking government official in the 1950s, was named as the Primary Vice Premier of the People's Republic of China by Premier Zhou Enlai, with the approval of Communist Party Chairman Mao Zedong, and would later become the paramount leader of the People's Republic.[25]
- The conservative New Democracy (Néa Dimokratía) political party was founded in Greece by former Prime Minister Konstantinos Karamanlisafter the end of rule by the nation's military junta.[26]
- U.S. President Gerald Ford launched his "Whip Inflation Now" (WIN) campaign in conjunction with a speech to Congress to reduce the federal deficit by reducing federal spending and raising the income tax for corporations and wealthy individuals by five percent. The "WIN" campaign was intended to encourage Americans to save money by reducing personal spending.[27]
- Died:
- Anne Sexton, 45, American poet and writer, winner of the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry, committed suicide by carbon monoxide poisoning.[28][29][30]
- Robert Lee Moore, 91, American mathematician[31]
October 5, 1974 (Saturday)
- The Provisional Irish Republican Army bombed two pubs frequented by British Army personnel in Guildford, Surrey, England, killing 5 people and injuring 54.[32][33]
- Born: Christian Core, Italian professional rock climber; in Savona[34]
- Died:
- Miguel Enríquez, 30, Chilean physician, general secretary of the Revolutionary Left Movement, was killed by security forces during a 2-hour gun battle in a suburb of Santiago.[35]
- Robert G. Robinson, 78, United States Marine Corps first lieutenant, World War I Medal of Honor recipient[36]
- Zalman Shazar (born Shneur Zalman Rubashov), 84, President of Israel from 1963 to 1973.[37]
- Ebe Stignani, 71, Italian mezzo-soprano opera singer[38][39]
October 6, 1974 (Sunday)
- Argentine Formula One racing driver Carlos Reutemann won the 1974 United States Grand Prix at the Watkins Glen Grand Prix Race Course in Watkins Glen, New York. Brazilian driver Emerson Fittipaldi secured the win of the 1974 World Championship of Drivers with his fourth-place finish. 25-year-old Austrian driver Helmuth Koinigg, competing in his second Grand Prix race, crashed on the 10th lap through two catch fences and under a guard rail and was decapitated.[40]
- David Pearson won the 1974 National 500 stock car race at Charlotte Motor Speedway in North Carolina.[41]
- Born: Hoàng Xuân Vinh, Vietnamese Olympic champion sports shooter; in Sơn Tây, Hanoi[42]
- Died:
- Luther H. Hodges, 76, U.S. Secretary of Commerce from 1961 to 1965, former Governor of North Carolina from 1954 to 1961.[43]
- C.J. Latta CBE, 80, British film executive[44]
- Kenneth Leslie, 81, Canadian poet, songwriter and political activist[45][46]
- V. K. Krishna Menon, 78, India's Ambassador to the United Nations 1952 to 1962[47][48]
- David Wallace, 66, American sociologist and marketing research specialist, died of a stroke.[49]
October 7, 1974 (Monday)
- King Bhumibol Adulyadej promulgated Thailand's ninth Constitution, but issued a memorandum objecting to its provision that the president of the Privy Council countersign the monarch's order appointing senators.[50]
- Leonid Brezhnev, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, attended the East German Republic Day Parade of 1974, a military parade on Karl-Marx-Allee in East Berlin, commemorating the 25th anniversary of the establishment of East Germany. The United States, Great Britain and France, which did not recognize the right of East Germany to have soldiers in East Berlin, condemned the parade.[51]
- Born:
- Shannon MacMillan, American soccer football midfielder, 1996 Olympic gold medalist and 1999 World Cup champion with 177 caps for the U.S. national team; in Syosset, New York[52]
- Charlotte Perrelli, Swedish singer; in Hovmantorp[53]
- Died: Henry Cadbury, 90, American biblical scholar and Quaker, co-founder of the American Friends Service Committee, died of a cerebral hemorrhage following a fall.[54][55]
October 8, 1974 (Tuesday)
- In La Paz, Bolivia, a bomb destroyed a statue of former U.S. President John F. Kennedy on the Avenue of the Americas. There were no injuries.[56]
- Born: Koji Murofushi, Japanese Olympic champion hammer thrower; in Numazu, Shizuoka Prefecture[57][58]
- Died:
- Harry Carney, 64, American jazz saxophonist[59]
- Paul G. Hoffman, 83, American businessman and statesman, administrator of the Marshall Plan and recipient of the Presidential Medal of Freedom[60]
October 9, 1974 (Wednesday)
- Died:
- Oskar Schindler, 66, Sudeten German businessman and humanitarian, profiled in the 1993 film Schindler's List for saving 1,200 Jews from death in the Kraków-Płaszów concentration camp during the Holocaust[61]
- Roger Thomas Foley, 88, United States district judge[62]
- Theodore Foley C.P. (born Daniel Bible Foley), 61, American Roman Catholic priest, Superior General of the Passionists[63]
- Slim Williams (born Clyde Charles Williams), 93, American explorer and promoter of the Alaska Highway[64]
October 10, 1974 (Thursday)
- Born:
- Dale Earnhardt Jr. American race car driver; in Kannapolis, North Carolina[65]
- Chris Pronger, Canadian National Hockey League and 2-time Olympic champion defenceman; in Dryden, Ontario[66]
- Oded Kattash, Israeli basketball player and coach; in Givatayim[67]
- Died:
- Tina Onassis Niarchos (born Athina Mary Livanos), 45, English-born Greek-French socialite and shipping heiress, wife of Stavros Niarchos, ex-wife of Aristotle Onassis and John Spencer-Churchill, 11th Duke of Marlborough, died of a pulmonary edema.[68][69][70]
- Lyudmila Pavlichenko, 58, Ukrainian World War II Red Army sniper with 309 confirmed kills, died of a stroke.[71]
- Alfred Irving Hallowell, 81, American anthropologist[72]
- Joseph Wulf, 61, German-Polish Jewish historian and survivor of the Auschwitz concentration camp, jumped to his death from the fifth-floor window of his apartment in Charlottenburg, Berlin.[73]
October 11, 1974 (Friday)
- The UK Labour government of Harold Wilson won the second general election of the year, forming a three-seat majority. Wilson, who had led the party for a total of 11 years, had now won four of the five general elections he had contested.[74][75]
- Three Irish Republican Army (IRA) bombs exploded at 2 military clubs in London, injuring one person.[33][76]
- In Burien, Washington, Seattle Times photographer Jerry Gay took the Pulitzer Prize-winning photograph Lull in the Battle, depicting 4 firefighters resting after fighting an early-morning house fire.[77]
- Born: Jason Arnott, Canadian National Hockey League centre; in Collingwood, Ontario[78]
- Died:
- Allan D. Cruickshank, 67, American ornithologist and writer, died of progressive kidney failure.[79][80]
- Steve Hamas, 67, American football player and boxer[81]
- Frank Kowalski, 66, United States Army colonel, former member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Connecticut, died of a heart ailment.[82][83]
October 12, 1974 (Saturday)
- A time bomb exploded at a bank in Mardan, Pakistan, killing 2 people and injuring 19.[84]
- A U.S. Air Force Lockheed WC-130H, call sign Swan 38, of the 54th Weather Reconnaissance Squadron disappeared with its six-man crew between Hong Kong and Taiwan after departing Clark Air Base, Luzon, Philippines, to investigate Typhoon Bess.[85][86][87]
- Stephen Blake Crawford, a security guard at Stanford University in California, murdered Arlis Perry, a 19-year-old newlywed, inside Stanford Memorial Church. Crawford, who purportedly discovered Perry's body the following day, was not identified as the murderer until 2018, and committed suicide before he could be arrested.[88]
- Born:
- Fabio Fabiani, Italian racing driver; in Ravenna[89]
- Shane McAnally, American country music singer-songwriter; in Mineral Wells, Texas[90]
- Died:
- Josef Krips, 72, Austrian conductor and violinist, died of lung cancer.[91]
- Wolfgang Stechow, 78, German-American art historian[92]
October 13, 1974 (Sunday)
- American broadcasting pioneer Ed Sullivan, the television host and columnist known for the variety series The Toast of the Town (later renamed The Ed Sullivan Show), died of esophageal cancer at the age of 73.[93]
- Soviet footballer Anatoli Kozhemyakin died in an elevator accident at the age of 21.[94]
- In Boston, Massachusetts, 700 African Americans participated in a 2-mile (3.2 km) march to Boston Common to protest attempts to halt desegregation busing in the city. The crowd doubled in size at the end of the march for a peaceful rally on Boston Common. Thomas I. Atkins, acting president of the NAACP's Boston branch, spoke at the event.[95]
- American singer Frank Sinatra performed 11 songs at a Madison Square Garden concert, televised (live or on tape delay) throughout the Western Hemisphere as Sinatra: The Main Event.[96][97]
- Born:
- Anthony Carbone, Australian footballer[98]
- Ivano Della Morte, Italian footballer and manager; in Cirié, Piedmont[99]
- Milan Kadlec, Czech racing cyclist; in Uherské Hradiště, Czechoslovakia[100]
- Marius Skinderis, Lithuanian footballer; in Panevėžys, Lithuanian SSR, Soviet Union[101]
- Died:
- Otto Binder, 63, American science fiction, non-fiction and comic book writer, co-creator of Supergirl, died of a heart attack.[102][103][104]
- P. Schuyler Miller, 62, American science fiction writer and critic[105]
- Sam Rice (born Edgar Charles Rice), 84, American baseball pitcher and outfielder (Washington Senators), member of the MLB Hall of Fame, died of cancer.[106]
- Marcel André, 89, French film actor known for playing Belle's father in La Belle et la Bête[107]
- Reuven Rubin, 81, Romanian-born Israeli painter and diplomat[108]
- Wojciech Rubinowicz (aka Adalbert Rubinowicz), 85, Polish theoretical physicist[109]
October 14, 1974 (Monday)
- In Tokyo, an explosion on the third floor of Mitsui & Co.'s head office injured 16 people, including 5 police officers.[110][111]
- British commercial diver John K. J. Clark vomited and drowned after sustaining broken ribs while conducting a nighttime surface dive to monitor another diver off the semi-submersible drill rig Waage One in the Central British Sector of the North Sea.[112][113]
- Born:
- Natalie Maines, American singer-songwriter, lead vocalist for The Chicks; in Lubbock, Texas[114]
- Shaggy 2 Dope (stage name of Joseph William Utsler), American rapper and professional wrestler; in Wayne, Michigan[115]
- Died:
- John Sharpe Griffith, DFC*, 75, American World War I flying ace, World War II aviator and United States Air Force colonel[116]
- Sattar Bahlulzade, 64, Azerbaijani landscape painter[117]
October 15, 1974 (Tuesday)
- British commercial diver Gary Shields died of asphyxia after he lost his main gas supply and his umbilical became fouled during a bell dive on the Ekofisk pipeline in the Norwegian Sector of the North Sea.[113][118]
- While American singer Andy Williams was taking a shower at The Sherry-Netherland hotel in Manhattan, a 6-foot (1.8 m) tall woman robbed the hotel room Williams was sharing with his secretary, John Sanford, telling a maid she was the wife of one of the two men.[119]
- In a protest in Curtiss, Wisconsin, against rising feed costs and lower prices for farm products, members of the National Farmers Organization slaughtered 658 calves and 15 pigs and dumped their bodies in a trench.[120]
- Born: Cayetana Álvarez de Toledo, Spanish politician; in Madrid[121]
- Died:
- László Detre, 68, Hungarian astronomer[122]
- Glenn Lowell Jepsen, 71, American paleontologist at Princeton University, died of cancer.[123]
- Maury John, 54, American college basketball coach at Drake University and Iowa State University, died of esophageal cancer.[124][125]
- Elizabeth du Gué Trapier, 81, American art historian[126]
October 16, 1974 (Wednesday)
- Two thousand people attended the funeral of television host Ed Sullivan at St. Patrick's Cathedral in Manhattan, at which Terence Cooke, the Archbishop of New York, officiated. Among those present were Abraham Beame (the Mayor of New York City), Louis J. Lefkowitz (the Attorney General of New York), Ray Bloch, Van Cliburn, Walter Cronkite, Toots Shor and Risë Stevens.[127]
- Born:
- Aurela Gaçe, Albanian singer; in Llakatund, Vlorë County[128][129]
- Mark Holland, Canadian politician; in Pickering, Ontario[130]
- Paul Kariya, Canadian National Hockey League and Olympic champion left winger; in North Vancouver, British Columbia[131]
- Died: Vlasta Děkanová, 65, Czechoslovak Olympic artistic gymnast[132]
October 17, 1974 (Thursday)
- An early morning fire at the New Nam San Hotel in downtown Seoul, South Korea, killed 16 people, some of whom jumped from the 4th and 5th floors, and injured about 30.[133]
- In Stratford, Connecticut, test pilots James R. Wright and John Dixson made the first flight of the YUH-60A, the prototype Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk helicopter.[134]
- Born: Matthew Macfadyen (born David Matthew Macfadyen), English actor; in Great Yarmouth, Norfolk[135]
- Died: Johannes Krahn, 66, German architect[136]
October 18, 1974 (Friday)
- Mary Woodson, a 29-year-old ex-girlfriend of American singer Al Green, dumped a pan of scalding grits on him as he was getting out of the bathtub at his home near Memphis, Tennessee, leaving him with second-degree burns, and then shot herself to death.[137][138]
- Born: Zhou Xun, Chinese actress and singer; in Quzhou, Zhejiang[139]
- Died: Anders Lange, 70, Norwegian politician, died of heart failure.[140]
October 19, 1974 (Saturday)
- Japanese-born North Korean sympathizer Mun Se-gwang was sentenced to death for the murder of Yuk Young-soo, the First Lady of South Korea, during the attempted assassination of her husband, President Park Chung Hee, on August 15.[141]
- Ronald F. Piskorski and Gary B. Schrager, members of a motorcycle gang, murdered 4 men and 2 women during a $300 robbery at the Donna Lee Bakery in New Britain, Connecticut.[142][143]
- Died:
- Nick Licata (born Nicolò Licata), 77, Italian American mobster, boss of the Los Angeles crime family[144]
- Frank L. Stanley Sr., 69, American civil rights activist and newspaper publisher (Louisville Defender), died of a heart attack.[145]
- William Tabbert, 53, American stage actor and singer (South Pacific), died of a heart attack.[146][147]
October 20, 1974 (Sunday)
- The crime series Derrick, starring Horst Tappert, debuted on West German television.[citation needed]
- Born: Mohammad Sidique Khan, Pakistani-British terrorist, leader responsible for the 7 July 2005 London bombings; in Leeds, West Yorkshire (died 2005 in suicide bombing)[148]
- Died:
- Élie Lescot, 90, 29th President of Haiti, leader in World War II[149][150]
- Julien Bryan, 75, American photographer and documentarian[151]
- Sampson Hosking, 86, Australian rules footballer for Port Adelaide Football Club, 2-time recipient of the Magarey Medal[152]
October 21, 1974 (Monday)
- Due to recent increases in crime in Darby Township, Pennsylvania, Police Chief William Johnson announced that he had ordered his officers to shoot to kill any suspect caught in the act of a felony.[153]
- A fire that burned from shortly after 9 p.m. to 4 a.m. on October 22 destroyed the central business district of Carmel, New York, causing $1 million in damage.[154][155][156]
- Died:
- George N. Beamer, 70, American politician and United States district judge[157]
- Leo Christopher Byrne, 66, Coadjutor Archbishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis, died of a heart attack.[158]
October 22, 1974 (Tuesday)
- A fire in a pipeline link at the Kuwait Oil Company's installations in Umm al-Aish killed 9 people, including one American and one British oil expert.[159]
- A 3:30 a.m. bombing caused $1,500 in damage to a room at the Midway Elementary School southeast of Charleston, West Virginia, a continuation of the violent protests over textbooks in Kanawha County. There were no injuries.[160]
- The makers of the American children's television series Sesame Street filed a copyright infringement suit against Bergen Liquidators, Inc., of New Jersey, charging that the company had planned to sell defective hand puppets of characters from the series.[161]
- The explosion of an IRA bomb thrown into a dining room at Brooks's gentlemen's club in London injured 3 wine stewards.[33][162]
- Died: Loyd Wright, 81, American attorney, former president of the American Bar Association[163]
October 23, 1974 (Wednesday)
- Georgios Papadopoulos, the former President of Greece, and 4 other leaders of the 1967 Greek coup d'état — Stylianos Pattakos, Nikolaos Makarezos, Ioannis Ladas and Michael Roufogalis — were arrested and sent into exile on the island of Kea in the Aegean Sea.[164]
- The International Olympic Committee awarded the 1980 Winter Olympics to Lake Placid, New York, and the 1980 Summer Olympics to Moscow.[165]
- A landslide on São Tomé Island killed over 30 people.[166]
- In Aragon, Georgia, a maintenance train backed into a school bus, killing 7 children and injuring 73 other people.[167] According to the bus driver, 61-year-old Billy Kellett, failure of the bus' brakes caused the accident.[168]
- An IRA time bomb exploded shortly before midnight in the basement of the caretaker's house at Harrow School in England. There were no injuries.[33][169]
- Born:
- Aravind Adiga, Indian-Australian author; in Madras, Tamil Nadu[170]
- Sander Westerveld, Dutch soccer player and coach; in Enschede[171]
- Died: Melchior Lengyel, 94, Hungarian writer, dramatist and film screenwriter[172][173]
October 24, 1974 (Thursday)
- The U.S. Air Force successfully fired a Minuteman I intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) that had been dropped from a C5A military transport aircraft at an altitude of 20,000 feet (6,100 m) off the coast of southern California. The missile was the largest object ever dropped from an airplane.[174]
- A U.S. Navy TA-4 Skyhawk aircraft crashed off the California coast between San Clemente and Santa Catalina Island, killing its two pilots.[175]
- Died:
- Yekaterina Furtseva, 63, Soviet politician, Minister of Culture, died of a heart attack (rumored to be suicide).[176][177][178]
- David Oistrakh, 66, Ukrainian violinist, died of a heart attack.[179][180]
- James C. Dozier, 89, United States Army lieutenant general, World War I Medal of Honor recipient[181]
October 25, 1974 (Friday)
- Over 6,000 people attended the opening of the Sarah Mellon Scaife Gallery at the Museum of Art, Carnegie Institute, in Pittsburgh.[182]
- Died:
- Harriot Curtis, 93, American amateur golfer and skier and civil rights activist[183]
- Leon Kroll, 89, American painter, muralist and lithographer[184]
- Carl Shaeffer, 50, American World War II prisoner of war and professional basketball player, shot himself to death.[185][186]
- Rodney Young, 67, American Near Eastern archaeologist[187]
October 26, 1974 (Saturday)
- Between 2:55 a.m. and 3:35 a.m., Fuerzas Armadas de Liberación Nacional Puertorriqueña (FALN) set off 5 bombs in Manhattan, with their largest bomb set off in the Financial District. There were no injuries.[188]
- Adnan Ahmed Nuri, a Palestinian terrorist, and three other convicts took 22 people hostage during a Roman Catholic Mass at a prison in Scheveningen, The Hague, Netherlands. Nuri and Sami Houssin Tamimah had hijacked a British Airways plane from Beirut, landing at Amsterdam Airport Schiphol, on March 3.[189][190]
- Died:
- Bidia Dandaron, 59, Soviet Buddhist author and teacher, died in a Soviet labor camp.[191][192]
- Thomas J. Herbert, 79, American politician, former Governor of Ohio[193]
- Bennett E. Siegelstein, 93, Romanian-born American lawyer and politician[194]
October 27, 1974 (Sunday)
- The convicts holding hostages at Scheveningen Prison in The Hague released 5 of the 22 people they had taken captive.[190]
- Died:
- James M. Cox Jr., 71, American businessman, chairman of Cox Enterprises and Cox Broadcasting Corporation[195]
- Paul Frankeur, 69, French actor, died of a heart attack.[196]
- C. P. Ramanujam, 36, Indian mathematician, committed suicide by barbiturate overdose.[197]
October 28, 1974 (Monday)
- The Soviet Union launched the uncrewed lunar lander Luna 23 toward the Moon.[198][199]
- A Provisional Irish Republican Army bomb in a stolen, parked truck near Abercorn Barracks at Ballykinler, Northern Ireland, destroyed the base's two-story Sandes Home for Soldiers, killed British soldiers Alan Coughlin (or Coughlan) and Michael Swanick, and injured 31 other people.[33][200][201]
- In Birmingham, England, a Provisional IRA bomb exploded in a car outside the home of Denis Howell, the Minister for Sport. Howell's wife and 10-year-old son were in the car but were unhurt.[202][203]
- At Scheveningen Prison, the convicts released the last child remaining among their hostages. Sami Houssin Tamimah refused to join the convicts in the chapel, permission for which had been their primary demand, saying he wanted to serve his sentence.[204]
- Born:
- Joaquin Phoenix (born Joaquin Rafael Bottom), American actor; in San Juan, Puerto Rico[205]
- Nelly Ciobanu, Moldovan singer; in Cania, Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic, Soviet Union[206]
- Died:
- Walter David Jones CH, CBE, 78, Welsh painter and modernist poet (In Parenthesis, The Anathemata)[207]
- Louis Saillant, 73, French trade unionist and Resistance fighter, former general secretary of the World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU), died of a heart attack.[208]
October 29, 1974 (Tuesday)
- An earthquake near Tuzla, Yugoslavia (now in Bosnia and Herzegovina), left about 500 people homeless.[209]
- In The Bronx, New York City, firefighters Russell T. Linneball and Johnnie Williams of the New York City Fire Department were electrocuted when an aluminum ladder they were lowering after a warehouse fire came in contact with an 11,000-volt power line.[210][211][212]
- Born:
- Akashdeep Saigal, Indian television actor and model; in Bombay, Maharashtra[213]
- Yenny Wahid (born Zannuba Ariffah Chafsoh), Indonesian activist and politician; in Jombang Regency, East Java[214]
- Died: Harry Kalven, 60, American jurist and legal scholar, died of a heart attack.[215]
October 30, 1974 (Wednesday)
- Muhammad Ali regained the world heavyweight boxing title, defeating George Foreman by knockout in the 8th round of a bout at the 20th of May Stadium in Kinshasa, Zaire, billed as "The Rumble in the Jungle".[216] American writer Jay Caspian Kang would later call the fight "arguably the greatest sporting event of the 20th century."[217][218]
- The crash of a 4-engine Lockheed L-188 Electra owned by Panarctic Oils 2.5 nautical miles (4.6 km; 2.9 mi) short of the airstrip on Melville Island, Northwest Territories, Canada, at 12:27 a.m., killed 32 of the 34 oil technicians and crew aboard, with only first officer David Wayne Hatton and flight engineer Garry Douglas Wayman surviving. The plane sank through the Arctic ice cap.[219][220][221]
- All 4 crewmen died in the crash of an Alaska International Air cargo plane on the Alaska North Slope.[219]
- Died: Begum Akhtar (born Akhtaribai Faizabadi), 60, Indian singer and actress, reportedly died of stress from singing too high at her final concert.[222]
October 31, 1974 (Thursday)
- A cigarette ignited a bag of fireworks aboard an express train in northern India, causing an explosion and fire that killed 52 people.[223]
- At 4 a.m., Dutch marines and police stormed the chapel at Scheveningen Prison, rescuing the remaining hostages and arresting their 4 captors.[224]
- In Texas, American optician Ronald Clark O'Bryan murdered his 8-year-old son Timothy with poisoned Halloween candy for $40,000 in life insurance money. O'Bryan also gave poisoned candy to his daughter and 3 other children, none of whom ate it. Executed by lethal injection in 1984, O'Bryan became known as "The Man Who Killed Halloween".[225][226][227]
- Died:
- Mikheil Chiaureli, 80, Soviet Georgian filmmaker (The Fall of Berlin)[228]
- Mordecai Ezekiel, 75, American agrarian economist[229]
- Buddy Myer (born Charles Solomon Myer), 70, American Major League Baseball second baseman, 1935 American League batting champion[230]
- Maxwell Reed, 55, Northern Irish actor, died of cancer.[231][232]
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HALIFAX, Nova Scotia, Oct. 8 (AP)—Kenneth Leslie, whose poetry reflected life in the rural areas of this province and won him the 1938 Governor General's Medal, died yesterday.
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William Tabbert, an actor and lyric tenor who originated the stage role of Lieut. Joseph Cable in "South Pacific," the Pulitzer Prize-winning musical, died Saturday, apparently of a heart attack, in Polyclinic Hospital.
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PORT-AU-PRINCE, Haiti, Oct. 22 (AP) — Elie Lescot, President of Haiti from May 15, 1941, to Jan. 11, 1946, died today at La Boule, Haiti.
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