1863 in science
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The year 1863 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Contents |
[edit] Events
- March 3 - National Academy of Sciences incorporated in the United States.
- The first of Jules Verne's scientifically-inspired Voyages Extraordinaires, the novel Cinq semaines en ballon (Five Weeks in a Balloon), is published in Paris.
[edit] Chemistry
- Friedrich Bayer founds the chemical manufacturing company of Bayer at Barmen in Germany.
- Teerfarbenfabrik Meister, Lucius & Co. of Höchst (Frankfurt) in Germany produce a green dye from coal tar.[1]
[edit] Life sciences
- Max Schultze advances cell theory with the observation that animal and vegetable protoplasm are identical.[2]
- Henry Walter Bates publishes The Naturalist on the River Amazons.
[edit] Medicine
- February 17 - First meeting of what will become the International Committee of the Red Cross is held in Geneva, Switzerland, following the lead of humanitarian Henry Dunant.[3]
- William Banting publishes Letter on Corpulence, Addressed to the Public in London, the first popular low-carbohydrate diet.[4]
- Ivan Sechenov publishes Refleksy golovnogo mozga ("Reflexes of the brain").
[edit] Technology
- February 10 - Alanson Crane patents a fire extinguisher.
- July - The tiny Confederate States of America hand-propelled submarine H. L. Hunley is first tested successfully (although thirteen crew – including her inventor Horace Lawson Hunley – are lost in two sinkings later in the year).[5]
[edit] Awards
- Copley Medal: Adam Sedgwick
- Wollaston Medal for Geology: Gustav Bischof
[edit] Births
- March 25 - Simon Flexner (died 1946), pathologist and bacteriologist.
- July 12 - Paul Karl Ludwig Drude (died 1906), physicist.
[edit] Deaths
[edit] References
- ^ Burke, James (1978). Connections. London: Macmillan. p. 205. ISBN 0-333-24827-9.
- ^ Das Protoplasma der Rhizopoden und der Pflanzenzellen; ein Beiträg zur Theorie der Zelle.
- ^ Boissier, Pierre (1985). History of the International Committee of the Red Cross. Volume I: From Solferino to Tsushima. Geneva: Henry Dunant Institute. ISBN 2-88044-012-2.
- ^ Groves, Barry (2002). "William Banting: The Father of the Low-Carbohydrate Diet". Second Opinions. Archived from the original on 11 June 2011. http://www.second-opinions.co.uk/banting.html. Retrieved 2011-06-21.
- ^ Chaffin, Tom (2008). The H. L. Hunley: the Secret Hope of the Confederacy. New York: Hill and Wang. ISBN 978-0-8090-9512-4.
