Nihali language: Difference between revisions
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Kuiper (1962) was the first to suggest that it is unrelated to any other Indian language, but its vocabulary has been heavily influenced by neighboring languages, with 60–70% borrowed, from Munda [[Korku language|Korku]] (25%), Dravidian, and Indo-European [[Marathi]]. In [[Victorian era|Victorian]] times the Nihals (including the Kalto??{{Citation needed|date=September 2009}}) were among the most notorious of the wild jungle tribes that lived by plunder. Just after 1800 an Arab princeling of the [[Moghul empire]] led a [[punitive expedition]] against them that destroyed their tribal independence (Kuiper ''op. cit''., pp 243–247). Their tribal area is just south of the [[Tapti River]], around the village of [[Tembi]] in [[Nimar]] district of [[Central Provinces]] during [[British Raj]], now in [[Madhya Pradesh]] (Kuiper ''op.cit''., p. 243). |
Kuiper (1962) was the first to suggest that it is unrelated to any other Indian language, but its vocabulary has been heavily influenced by neighboring languages, with 60–70% borrowed, from Munda [[Korku language|Korku]] (25%), Dravidian, and Indo-European [[Marathi]]. In [[Victorian era|Victorian]] times the Nihals (including the Kalto??{{Citation needed|date=September 2009}}) were among the most notorious of the wild jungle tribes that lived by plunder. Just after 1800 an Arab princeling of the [[Moghul empire]] led a [[punitive expedition]] against them that destroyed their tribal independence (Kuiper ''op. cit''., pp 243–247). Their tribal area is just south of the [[Tapti River]], around the village of [[Tembi]] in [[Nimar]] district of [[Central Provinces]] during [[British Raj]], now in [[Madhya Pradesh]] (Kuiper ''op.cit''., p. 243). |
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Nihali has been suggested to be related to another near-extinct language isolate the Indian subcontinent, [[Kusunda language|Kusunda]]{{Citation needed|date=January 2009}}, spoken in central [[Nepal]]. Further suggestions include the [[Andamanese languages|Andaman]] and [[Papuan languages]]{{Citation needed|date=January 2009}}, and some scholars, including [[Michael Witzel]] of Harvard, have suggested, quoting Shafer and Kuiper, a possible relationship to [[Ainu language|Ainu]]. A further suggestion by John Bengston would include both Nihali and Ainu in the [[Austric languages]][http://jdbengt.net/articles/Austric.pdf]. However, none of these suggestions are accepted by most linguists. |
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== References == |
== References == |
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Revision as of 00:20, 12 January 2010
| Nihali | |
|---|---|
| Native to | India |
| Region | Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra |
Native speakers | 2000 |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | nll |
| ELP | Nihali |
Nihali, also known as Nahali or erroneously as Kalto, is a language isolate spoken in west-central India (in Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra) by around 2,000 people (in 1991) out of an ethnic population of 5,000. The language has many loans from Indo-Aryan, Dravidian, and Munda languages, but much of its vocabulary cannot be related to other language families.
Kuiper (1962) was the first to suggest that it is unrelated to any other Indian language, but its vocabulary has been heavily influenced by neighboring languages, with 60–70% borrowed, from Munda Korku (25%), Dravidian, and Indo-European Marathi. In Victorian times the Nihals (including the Kalto??[citation needed]) were among the most notorious of the wild jungle tribes that lived by plunder. Just after 1800 an Arab princeling of the Moghul empire led a punitive expedition against them that destroyed their tribal independence (Kuiper op. cit., pp 243–247). Their tribal area is just south of the Tapti River, around the village of Tembi in Nimar district of Central Provinces during British Raj, now in Madhya Pradesh (Kuiper op.cit., p. 243).
References
- Kuiper, F. B. J. "Nahali: A Comparative Study". Med. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetenschappen 1962, 25(5): 239-352. Noord-Hollandsche, Amsterdam.
External links
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