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{{Short description|Arabic Linguist, philologist and lexicographer of Andalusia (1007–1066)}}
{{Short description|Arabic Linguist, philologist and lexicographer of Andalusia (1007–1066)}}
{{Short description|Arabic Linguist, philologist and lexicographer of Andalusia (1007–1066)}}
{{Infobox writer
{{Infobox religious biography
| name = Ibn Sidah
| religion = [[Islam]]
⚫
| birth_date = 1007
| birth_place = [[Murcia]], [[Caliphate of Córdoba]], Andalusia, now [[Spain]]
| occupation = [[Ulama|Scholar]], [[lexicographer]], [[linguist]], [[philologist]], [[logician]]
| era = [[Islamic golden age]]
⚫
| death_date = 26 March 1066 (25 RabīʿII 458), at the age of 59.
| image =
⚫
| death_place = [[Dénia]], Taifa of Dénia and the Eastern Islands, [[Andalusia]]
| caption =
| occupation = [[Muslim]] [[Andalusia]]n [[Scholar]] in [[Córdoba, Andalusia]], [[Philologist|Grammarian]]
| name = Ibn Sidah<br/>{{lang|ar|ابن سيده}}
| notableworks = Al-Muhkam wal-Muhit al-A'zam (28 Volumes)<br> المحكم والمحيط الأعظم
| title =
⚫
| birth_date = 1007
| birth_place = [[Murcia]], [[Caliphate of Córdoba]], Andalusia, now [[Spain]]
⚫
| death_date = 26 March 1066 (25 RabīʿII 458), at the age of 59.
⚫
| death_place = [[Dénia]], [[Taifa of Dénia]]
| ethnicity =
| region = [[Iberian Peninsula]]
| denomination = [[Sunni]]
| jurisprudence = [[Maliki]]
| creed = [[Ash'ari]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://almostaneer.com/ebooks/أهل-السنة-الأشاعرة-شهادة-علماء-الأمة-و/أكابر-محدثى-الأمة-وحفاظها-وأكابر-فقها/|title=Ahl al-Sunna: The Ash'aris - The Testimony and Proofs of the Scholars|language=Arabic|website=almostaneer.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210128040753/https://almostaneer.com/ebooks/أهل-السنة-الأشاعرة-شهادة-علماء-الأمة-و/أكابر-محدثى-الأمة-وحفاظها-وأكابر-فقها|archive-date=28 January 2021}}</ref>
| main_interests =
| notable_ideas =
| works = '''''[[Al-Muḥkam wa-al-muḥīt al-aʻẓam]]'''''
| influences = [[Malik ibn Anas]]<br/>[[Abu Hasan al-Ash'ari]]<br/>[[Al-Khalil ibn Ahmad al-Farahidi|Al-Farahidi]]
| influenced = [[Ibn Manzur]]
}}
}}


'''Abū’l-Ḥasan ʻAlī ibn Ismāʻīl''' ({{lang|ar|أبو الحسن على بن اسماعيل}}), known as '''Ibn Sīdah''' ({{lang|ar|ابن سيده}}), or '''Ibn Sīdah'l-Mursī''' ({{lang|ar|ابن سيده المرسي}}), (c.1007-1066), was a linguist, philologist and lexicographer of [[Classical Arabic]] from [[Andalusia]]. He compiled the encyclopedia ''{{transliteration|ar|al-Kitāb al-Mukhaṣṣaṣ}}'' ({{lang|ar| المخصص}}) (Book of Customs) and the [[Arabic language]] dictionary ''[[Al-Muḥkam wa-al-muḥīt al-aʻẓam]]'' <ref>{{cite book|author=Ibn Sidah|editor=ʻAlī ibn Ismāʻīl Hindāwī ʻAbd al-Ḥamīd|authorlink=Ibn Sidah|title=Al-Muḥkam Wa-Al-Muḥīṭ Al-Aʻẓam. Al-Ṭabʻah 1 ed|language=Arabic|location=Beirut|publisher=Manshūrāt Muḥammad ʻAlī Bayḍūn }|url=https://shamela.ws/book/9757/3495#p1|quote=Searchable online}}</ref> ({{lang|ar|المحكم والمحيط الأعظم}}) (The Great and Comprehensive Arbiter". His contributions to the sciences of language, literature and logic were considerable.
'''Abū’l-Ḥasan ʻAlī ibn Ismāʻīl''' ({{lang|ar|أبو الحسن على بن اسماعيل}}), known as '''Ibn Sīdah''' ({{lang|ar|ابن سيده}}), or '''Ibn Sīdah'l-Mursī''' ({{lang|ar|ابن سيده المرسي}}), (c.1007-1066), was a linguist, philologist and lexicographer of [[Classical Arabic]] from [[Andalusia]]. He compiled the encyclopedia ''{{transliteration|ar|al-Kitāb al-Mukhaṣṣaṣ}}'' ({{lang|ar| المخصص}}) (Book of Customs) and the [[Arabic language]] dictionary ''[[Al-Muḥkam wa-al-muḥīt al-aʻẓam]]'' <ref>{{cite book|author=Ibn Sidah|editor=ʻAlī ibn Ismāʻīl Hindāwī ʻAbd al-Ḥamīd|authorlink=Ibn Sidah|title=Al-Muḥkam Wa-Al-Muḥīṭ Al-Aʻẓam. Al-Ṭabʻah 1 ed|language=Arabic|location=Beirut|publisher=Manshūrāt Muḥammad ʻAlī Bayḍūn }|url=https://shamela.ws/book/9757/3495#p1|quote=Searchable online}}</ref> ({{lang|ar|المحكم والمحيط الأعظم}}) (The Great and Comprehensive Arbiter". His contributions to the sciences of [[Arabic language|language]], [[Arabic literature|literature]] and [[logic]] were considerable.

==Life==


Ibn Sīdah was born in [[Murcia]] in eastern Andalusia. The historian [[Ibn Bashkuwāl|Khalaf ibn ʻAbd al-Malik Ibn Bashkuwāl]] ({{lang|ar|ابن بشكوال}}) (1183-1101) in his book ''{{transliteration|ar|Kitāb aṣ-Ṣilah}}'' ({{lang|ar|كتاب الصلة}}) (Book of Relations)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://waqfeya.com/book.php?bid=10815|title = الصلة - المكتبة الوقفية للكتب المصورة PDF}}</ref> gives Ismāʻīl as the name of his father, in agreement with name given in the Mukhassas. However [[Al-Fath ibn Khaqan (al-Andalus)|Al-Fath ibn Khaqan]] in ''mathmah al-anfus'' ({{lang|ar|مطمح الأنفس}}) has the name Aḥmad. [[Yaqut al-Hamawi]] in ''The Lexicon of Literature'', says Ibn Sīdah ('son of a woman') was his nickname. Remarkably both he and his father were blind. His father was a sculptor although it seems the disciplines he devoted his life to, philology and lexicography, had been in his family.<ref>Talbi, M., “Ibn Sīda”, in: Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition, Edited by: P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel, W.P. Heinrichs. Consulted online on 20 October 2017 <https://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1573-3912_islam_SIM_3380></ref><ref name="Chejne1969">{{cite book|author=Anwar G. Chejne|title=The Arabic Language: Its Role in History|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hl9dkjb9r6QC&pg=PA47|access-date=2 April 2013|year=1969|publisher=U of Minnesota Press|isbn=978-0-8166-5725-4|page=47}}</ref>
Ibn Sīdah was born in [[Murcia]] in eastern Andalusia. The historian [[Ibn Bashkuwāl|Khalaf ibn ʻAbd al-Malik Ibn Bashkuwāl]] ({{lang|ar|ابن بشكوال}}) (1183-1101) in his book ''{{transliteration|ar|Kitāb aṣ-Ṣilah}}'' ({{lang|ar|كتاب الصلة}}) (Book of Relations)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://waqfeya.com/book.php?bid=10815|title = الصلة - المكتبة الوقفية للكتب المصورة PDF}}</ref> gives Ismāʻīl as the name of his father, in agreement with name given in the Mukhassas. However [[Al-Fath ibn Khaqan (al-Andalus)|Al-Fath ibn Khaqan]] in ''mathmah al-anfus'' ({{lang|ar|مطمح الأنفس}}) has the name Aḥmad. [[Yaqut al-Hamawi]] in ''The Lexicon of Literature'', says Ibn Sīdah ('son of a woman') was his nickname. Remarkably both he and his father were blind. His father was a sculptor although it seems the disciplines he devoted his life to, philology and lexicography, had been in his family.<ref>Talbi, M., “Ibn Sīda”, in: Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition, Edited by: P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel, W.P. Heinrichs. Consulted online on 20 October 2017 <https://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1573-3912_islam_SIM_3380></ref><ref name="Chejne1969">{{cite book|author=Anwar G. Chejne|title=The Arabic Language: Its Role in History|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hl9dkjb9r6QC&pg=PA47|access-date=2 April 2013|year=1969|publisher=U of Minnesota Press|isbn=978-0-8166-5725-4|page=47}}</ref>
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{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


{{Maliki scholars}}
{{Ash'ari}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Sidah, Ibn}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Sidah, Ibn}}
[[Category:Malikis]]
[[Category:Asharis]]
[[Category:1000s births]]
[[Category:1000s births]]
[[Category:1066 deaths]]
[[Category:1066 deaths]]

Revision as of 16:11, 19 June 2024

Ibn Sidah
ابن سيده
Personal
Born1007
Murcia, Caliphate of Córdoba, Andalusia, now Spain
Died26 March 1066 (25 RabīʿII 458), at the age of 59.
Dénia, Taifa of Dénia
ReligionIslam
EraIslamic golden age
RegionIberian Peninsula
DenominationSunni
JurisprudenceMaliki
CreedAsh'ari[1]
Notable work(s)Al-Muḥkam wa-al-muḥīt al-aʻẓam
OccupationScholar, lexicographer, linguist, philologist, logician
Muslim leader
Influenced by
Influenced

Abū’l-Ḥasan ʻAlī ibn Ismāʻīl (أبو الحسن على بن اسماعيل), known as Ibn Sīdah (ابن سيده), or Ibn Sīdah'l-Mursī (ابن سيده المرسي), (c.1007-1066), was a linguist, philologist and lexicographer of Classical Arabic from Andalusia. He compiled the encyclopedia al-Kitāb al-Mukhaṣṣaṣ (المخصص) (Book of Customs) and the Arabic language dictionary Al-Muḥkam wa-al-muḥīt al-aʻẓam [2] (المحكم والمحيط الأعظم) (The Great and Comprehensive Arbiter". His contributions to the sciences of language, literature and logic were considerable.

Life

Ibn Sīdah was born in Murcia in eastern Andalusia. The historian Khalaf ibn ʻAbd al-Malik Ibn Bashkuwāl (ابن بشكوال) (1183-1101) in his book Kitāb aṣ-Ṣilah (كتاب الصلة) (Book of Relations)[3] gives Ismāʻīl as the name of his father, in agreement with name given in the Mukhassas. However Al-Fath ibn Khaqan in mathmah al-anfus (مطمح الأنفس) has the name Aḥmad. Yaqut al-Hamawi in The Lexicon of Literature, says Ibn Sīdah ('son of a woman') was his nickname. Remarkably both he and his father were blind. His father was a sculptor although it seems the disciplines he devoted his life to, philology and lexicography, had been in his family.[4][5]

Mohammed ibn Ahmed ibn Uthman Al-Dhahabi's biographic encyclopedia Siyar A'lam al-Nubala (سير أعلام النبلاء) (Lives of The Noble Scholars)[6] is the main biographic source. He lived in the taifa principality of "Dénia and the Eastern Islands" (طائفة دانية والجزائر الشرقية) under the rule of Emir Mujahid al-Amiri al-Muwaffaq (الأمير مجاهد العامري) (1044-1014) and he travelled to Mecca and Medina. He studied in Cordova under the renowned grammarian Abu al-Sa'ad ibn al-Hasan al-Rubai al-Baghdadi (أبو العلاء صاعد بن الحسن الربعي البغدادي) (d.417AH/1026AD) exiled in Andalusia, and with Abu Omar al-Talmanki (أبي عمر الطلمنكي) (429-340AH). He died in Dénia.

Works

  • al-Mukhaṣṣaṣ (المخصص) 'Allowance' (20 vols)[7]
  • Al-Muḥkam wa-al-muḥīt al-ʾaʿẓam (المحكم والمحيط الأعظم) (Beirut, 2000);[8] Arabic dictionary, 11 vols. A principal source for the famous Lisān al-ʿArab dictionary by the great thirteenth-century lexicographer Ibn Manzur.
  • al-muḥkam wa al-muḥīṭ ul-ʾaʿẓam (المحكم والمحيط الأعظم) 'The Great Comprehensive Reference'
  • al-ʾunīq (الأنيق) 'The Elegant'
  • šarʿ ʾiṣlāḥ al-Muntaq (شرح إصلاح المنطق) 'Commentary on the Reform of Logic'
  • šarʿ ma ʾaškāl min shaʿr al-Mutanabbī (شرح ما أشكل من شعر المتنبي) 'Commentary on Forms of al-Mutanabbi (al-Kindi)'s Poems'
  • al-ʿalām fi l-luġa ʿala al-ʾaǧnās (العلام في اللغة على الأجناس) 'Science of Languages of Nations'
  • al-ʿālam wa l-Mutaʿallam (العالم والمتعلم) 'Knowledge and the Student'
  • al-Wāfī fi ʿalam ʾaḥkām al-Quwāfī (الوافي في علم أحكام القوافي) 'Science of Rhyme Provision'
  • al-ʿawīs fi sharʿ ʾIslāḥ l-Munṭaq (العويص في شرح إصلاح المنطق) 'Sharp Explanation of Logic'
  • šarʿ Kitāb al-ʾAḫfash (شرح كتاب الأخفش) 'Commentary on Book of the Hidden'
  • as-samāʾ wa l-ʿālam (السماء والعالم) 'Heaven and Earth'
  • al-ʿālam fi l-Luġah (العالم في اللغة) 'Philology'
  • šawāḏ al-Luġah (شواذ اللغة) 'Language Lovers'
  • Al-Muḥkam wa l-Muḥīt al-ʾAʿẓam (المحكم والمحيط الأعظم) 'The Great and Comprehensive Arbitrator'.[9]

References

  1. ^ "Ahl al-Sunna: The Ash'aris - The Testimony and Proofs of the Scholars". almostaneer.com (in Arabic). Archived from the original on 28 January 2021.
  2. ^ Ibn Sidah. ʻAlī ibn Ismāʻīl Hindāwī ʻAbd al-Ḥamīd (ed.). Al-Muḥkam Wa-Al-Muḥīṭ Al-Aʻẓam. Al-Ṭabʻah 1 ed (in Arabic). Beirut: Manshūrāt Muḥammad ʻAlī Bayḍūn }. Searchable online
  3. ^ "الصلة - المكتبة الوقفية للكتب المصورة PDF".
  4. ^ Talbi, M., “Ibn Sīda”, in: Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition, Edited by: P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel, W.P. Heinrichs. Consulted online on 20 October 2017 <https://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1573-3912_islam_SIM_3380>
  5. ^ Anwar G. Chejne (1969). The Arabic Language: Its Role in History. U of Minnesota Press. p. 47. ISBN 978-0-8166-5725-4. Retrieved 2 April 2013.
  6. ^ "سير أعلام النبلاء - شمس الدين الذهبي".
  7. ^ "المحكم والمحيط الأعظم (ط. العلمية) - المكتبة الوقفية للكتب المصورة PDF".
  8. ^ Ibn Sīdah, ʻAlī ibn Ismāʻīl (2000). ‘Abd al-Ḥamīd Handāwī (ed.). Al-Muḥkam wa-al-muḥīt al-ʾaʿẓam (in Arabic). Vol. 11 (1 ed.). Beirut: Dār al-Kotob al-Ilmiyah. ISBN 2-7451-3034-X.
  9. ^ "المحكم والمحيط الأعظم (ط. العلمية) - المكتبة الوقفية للكتب المصورة PDF".
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