List of victims of Nazism: Difference between revisions
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| [[Tone Čufar]] || 1905–1942 || Slovenian || Resistance fighter|| shot during an escape attempt |
| [[Tone Čufar]] || 1905–1942 || Slovenian || Resistance fighter|| shot during an escape attempt |
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| [[Jenő Deutsch]] {{smaller|(Eugen Deutsch)}} || 1879–1944 || Hungarian || |
| [[Jenő Deutsch]] {{smaller|(Eugen Deutsch)}} || 1879–1944 || Hungarian || Social democrat politician [http://www.mek.iif.hu/porta/szint/egyeb/lexikon/eletrajz/html/ABC03014/03296.htm] |
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| [[Otto Eggerstedt]] || d. 1933, [[Esterwegen concentration camp|Esterwegen]] || German || Social democrat |
| [[Otto Eggerstedt]] || d. 1933, [[Esterwegen concentration camp|Esterwegen]] || German || Social democrat |
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| [[Fritz Elsas]] || d. 1945, [[Sachsenhausen concentration camp|Sachsenhausen]] || German || Politician |
| [[Fritz Elsas]] || d. 1945, [[Sachsenhausen concentration camp|Sachsenhausen]] || German || Politician |
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| [[Georg Elser]] || 1903–1945, [[Dachau concentration camp|Dachau]] || German || Manual laborer, ''Rotfront-Kämpfer''| executed |
| [[Georg Elser]] || 1903–1945, [[Dachau concentration camp|Dachau]] || German || Manual laborer, ''Rotfront-Kämpfer'' || executed |
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| [[Leon Feldhendler]] || 1910–1945, [[Sobibor concentration camp]] || Polish || Resistance fighter || murdered by [[Narodowe Siły Zbrojne]] |
| [[Leon Feldhendler]] || 1910–1945, [[Sobibor concentration camp]] || Polish || Resistance fighter || murdered by [[Narodowe Siły Zbrojne]] |
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| [[Ernst Thälmann]] || 1886–1944, [[Buchenwald concentration camp|Buchenwald]] || German || KPD politician ||executed |
| [[Ernst Thälmann]] || 1886–1944, [[Buchenwald concentration camp|Buchenwald]] || German || KPD politician ||executed |
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| [[Mathias Thesen]] || d. 1944, [[Sachsenhausen concentration camp|Sachsenhausen]] || German ||executed |
| [[Mathias Thesen]] || d. 1944, [[Sachsenhausen concentration camp|Sachsenhausen]] || German || KPD politician, trade unionist || executed |
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| [[Adam von Trott zu Solz]] || d. 1944, [[Plötzensee Prison|Berlin-Plötzensee]] || German || Diplomat ||executed |
| [[Adam von Trott zu Solz]] || d. 1944, [[Plötzensee Prison|Berlin-Plötzensee]] || German || Diplomat ||executed |
Revision as of 18:34, 24 May 2013
This is a list of victims of Nazism who were noted for their achievements. The majority of people murdered on the lists below were of Jewish origin, and were considered Jews by the Nazis, whatever their country of residence. To the Nazis, it didn't matter whether they were "German", "Dutch", or citizens of any country. Being Jewish meant that they were singled out from their countrymen.
This list includes people from public life who, owing to their origins, their political or religious convictions, or their sexual orientation, lost their lives as a result of Nazism. This list includes those whose deaths were part of the Holocaust as well as individuals who died in other ways at the hands of the Nazis during World War II. People who died in concentration camps are listed alongside those who were murdered by the Nazi Party or those who chose suicide for political motives or to avoid being murdered.
This list is sorted by occupation and by nationality.
Performance art
Name | Lifespan | Nationality | Achievements | Cause of Death |
---|---|---|---|---|
Hana Brady | 1931–1944 | Czech | girl portrayed in Hana's Suitcase: A True Story | gas chamber at Auschwitz |
René Blum | 1878–1942 | French | founder of the Ballet de l'Opéra à Monte Carlo | |
Ernst Arndt | 1861-1942/3 | German | actor | gas chamber at Treblinka |
Maria Bard | 1900–1944 | German | actress | suicide in Berlin for "political reasons" |
Lea Deutsch | 1927–1943 | Croatian | child actress | heart failure en route to Auschwitz |
Lisl Frank | 1911–1944 | Czech | performer, dancer, cabaret singer | forced death march from Auschwitz to Christianstadt |
Kurt Gerron | 1897–1944 | German | performer, actor, film director | gas chamber at Auschwitz |
Dora Gerson | 1899–1943 | German | actress, cabaret singer | gas chamber at Auschwitz |
Joachim Gottschalk | 1904–1941 | German | actor | suicide in Berlin to avoid arrest |
Leslie Howard (actor) | 1893–1943 | British | actor | airplane shot down by Luftwaffe |
Bernard Natan | 1886–1942 | Franco-Romanian | film director, actor and former head of Pathé Film Studios | |
Joseph Schmidt | 1904–1942 | Ukrainian | singer, actor | heart attack in a Swiss refugee camp in Gyrenbad |
Miklós Vig | 1898–1944 | Hungarian | singer, actor, comedian, theater secretary | shot into the Danube River in Budapest by members of the Arrow Cross |
Karel Hašler | 1879–1941 | Czech | songwriter, actor, lyricist, film and theatre director, composer, writer, dramatist, screenwriter and cabaretier | at Mauthausen, put into a cold shower until death |
Literature and publishing
Name | Lifespan | Nationality | Achievements | Cause of Death |
---|---|---|---|---|
Karel Destovnik | 1922–1944 | Slovenian | poet | killed in battle as resistance fighter |
Else Feldmann | 1884–1942 | Austrian | writer and journalist | gas chamber at Sobibór |
Anne Frank | 1929–1945 | German/Netherlands/Dutch | author of a published diary | typhus at Bergen-Belsen |
Egon Friedell | 1878–1938 | Austrian | writer and philosopher | suicide to avoid deportation |
Peter Hammerschlag | 1902–1942, Auschwitz | Austrian | writer and graphic artist | |
Lidia Zamenhof | 1904–1942 | Polish | work for Esperanto movement, as well as translations of Bahá'í writings | gas chamber at Treblinka |
Jura Soyfer | 1912–1939 | Austrian | journalist, writer | typhus at Buchenwald |
Yitzhak Katzenelson | 1886–1944 | Belarusian | teacher, writer | gas chamber at Auschwitz |
Petr Ginz | 1928–1944, aged 16 | Czech | editor of Vedem | gas chamber at Auschwitz |
Julius Fučík | 1903–1943 | Czech | resistance leader | hanged at Plötzensee Prison |
Milena Jesenská | 1896–1944, Ravensbrück | Czech | journalist | kidney failure |
Paul Kornfeld | 1889–1942 | Czech | writer | |
Karel Poláček | 1892–1944 | Czech | writer | gas chamber at Auschwitz |
Vladislav Vančura | 1891–1942, Prague | Czech | writer, doctor | execution |
Etty Hillesum | 1914–1943, Auschwitz | Dutch | writer, diary author | |
Helga Deen | 1925–1943 | Dutch | author of a published diary | gas chamber at Sobibór |
Benjamin Fondane | 1898–1944 | French | poet, literary critic | gas chamber at Auschwitz |
Walter Benjamin | 1892–1940 | German | literary critic and philosopher | suicide at Portbou to avoid deportation |
Felix Fechenbach | 1894–1933 | German | journalist and activist | executed during the deportation to Dachau |
Walter Hasenclever | 1890–1940 | German | expressionist writer | suicide to avoid deportation |
Jakob van Hoddis | 1887–1942 | German | writer | gas chamber at Sobibór |
Jochen Klepper | 1903–1942 | German | writer | suicide in Berlin |
Erich Knauf | 1895–1944 | German | journalist, poet | beheaded at Brandenburg-Görden Prison |
Adam Kuckhoff | 1887–1943 | German | writer, dramatist, resistance fighter | |
Erich Mühsam | 1878–1934 | German | writer, anarchist | executed at Plötzensee Prison |
Willi Münzenberg | 1889–1940 | German | publisher, politician | murdered at Oranienburg concentration camp |
Friedrich Münzer | 1868–1942 | German | philologist | enteritis at Theresienstadt |
Carl von Ossietzky | 1889–1938 | German | journalist, Nobel Peace Prize winner | tuberculosis |
Erich Salomon | 1886–1944 | German | photojournalist | |
Libertas Schulze-Boysen | 1913–1942 | German | film critic, resistance fighter | executed at Plötzensee Prison |
Miklós Radnóti | 1909–1944 | Hungarian | poet | shot into a mass grave near the village of Abda |
Antal Szerb | 1901–1945 | Hungarian | writer, literary scholar | beaten to death in a concentration camp in Balf |
Mordechai Gebirtig | 1877–1942 | Polish | Yiddish poet, musician and composer | shot in Krakow Ghetto |
Bruno Schulz | 1892–1942 | Polish | writer | shot in Drohobycz Ghetto |
Wilhelm Eduard Schmid | d. 1934 | German | music critic | accidental victim of the Night of the Long Knives in a case of mistaken identity |
Selma Meerbaum-Eisinger | 1924–1942 | Romanian | writer | typhus at Mikhailovska labor camp in rural Ukraine |
David Vogel | 1891–1944 | Russian | Hebrew writer | tuberculosis at a satellite camp of the Neuengamme concentration camp |
Anton de Kom | 1898–1945, Neuengamme | Surinamese | author, human rights activist | |
Irène Némirovsky | 1903–1942 | Ukrainian | writer | gas chamber at Auschwitz |
Visual arts and design
Name | Lifespan | Nationality | Achievements | Cause of Death |
---|---|---|---|---|
Friedl Dicker-Brandeis | 1896–1944 | Austrian | artist | gas chamber in Auschwitz |
Josef Čapek | 1887–1945 | Czech | painter, draughtsman, illustrator, writer | |
Samuel J. de Mesquita | 1868–1944 | Dutch | painter and designer | gas chamber at Auschwitz |
Abraham Icek Tuschinski | 1886–1942, Auschwitz | Dutch | designer of the Tuschinski Theater | gas chamber at Auschwitz |
Max Jacob | 1876–1944 | French | artist | pneumonia at Drancy |
Ernst Ludwig Kirchner | 1880–1938 Davos | German | painter | suicide due to persecution |
Julius Klinger | 1876–1942 | Austrian | artist/designer | |
Elfriede Lohse-Wächtler | 1899–1940 | German | painter | Aktion T4 victim at Sonnenstein Euthanasia Centre |
Felix Nussbaum | 1859–1944 | Austrian | painter | gas chamber at Auschwitz |
Charlotte Salomon | 1917–1943 | German | painter | gas chamber at Auschwitz |
Jan Rubczak | 1884–1942 | Polish | painter, graphic artist | gas chamber at Auschwitz |
Music
Name | Lifespan | Nationality | Achievements | Cause of Death |
---|---|---|---|---|
Pavel Haas | 1899–1944 | Czech | composer | gas chamber at Auschwitz |
Žiga Hirschler | 1894–1941 | Croatian | composer | |
Gideon Klein | 1919–1945 | Czech | composer | killed during liquidation of Fürstengrube, a sub-camp of Auschwitz |
Hans Krása | 1899–1944, | Czech (Bohemian) | composer | gas chamber at Auschwitz |
Leon Jessel | 1871–1942, Berlin | German | composer | torture by Gestapo |
Erwin Schulhoff | 1894–1942 | Czech | composer, jazz pianist | tuberculosis at Wülzburg concentration camp |
Viktor Ullmann | 1898–1944 | Czech | composer, pianist | gas chamber at Auschwitz |
Karlrobert Kreiten | 1916–1943 | German | pianist | hanged at Plötzensee Prison |
Alma Rosé | 1906–1944 | Austrian | violinist, conductor | possibly poisoning, at Auschwitz |
Józef Koffler | 1896–1944, Krosno | Polish | composer, teacher, columnist | probably shot by Einsatzgruppen |
Leo Smit | 1900–1943 | Dutch | composer | gas chamber at Sobibór |
Marcel Tyberg | 1893–1944 | Austrian | composer, pianist, conductor | |
Gershon Sirota | 1874–1943 | Polish | cantor, tenor | killed in Warsaw Ghetto Uprising |
Ilse Weber | 1903–1944 | Czech | composer, playwright | gas chamber at Auschwitz |
Humanities
Name | Lifespan | Nationality | Achievements | Cause of Death |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mildred Harnack | 1902–1943 | American | literary historian, translator, resistance fighter | beheaded at Plötzensee Prison |
Elise Richter | 1865–1943 | Austrian | Romance philology professor | |
Simon Dubnow | 1860–1941 | Belarusian | historian, writer, activist | killed at the Riga ghetto during the Rumbula massacre |
Norbert Jokl | 1877–1942, Rossau | Czech | Albanologist | |
Marc Bloch | 1886–1944 | French | historian, resistance leader | tortured and shot by Gestapo at Saint-Didier-de-Formans |
Maurice Halbwachs | 1877–1945 | French | philosopher | dysentery at Buchenwald |
Georges Politzer | 1902–1942 | French | philosopher | executed by firing squad, by the Gestapo |
Avgust Pirjevec | 1887–1944 | Slovenian | literary historian | |
Walter Benjamin | 1892–1940 | German | philosopher | suicide at Portbou to avoid deportation |
Friedrich Münzer | 1868–1942, Theresienstadt | German | classical scholar |
Mathematics
Natural sciences
Name | Lifespan | Nationality | Achievements | Cause of Death |
---|---|---|---|---|
Ernst Cohen | 1869–1944 | Dutch | chemist, work on the allotropy of metals | gas chamber at Auschwitz |
Medicine, psychology, pedagogy
Name | Lifespan | Nationality | Achievements | Cause of Death |
---|---|---|---|---|
Adolf Reichwein | 1898–1944 | German | doctor, educator, politician | executed, Berlin-Plötzensee |
Elisabeth von Thadden | 1890–1944, | German | educator executed | Berlin-Plötzensee |
Karl Rosenmayer | d. 1942 | German | physician, surgeon | |
Tadeusz Boy-Żeleński | 1874–1941 | Polish | paediatrician, poet, translator | Massacre of Lwów |
Antoni Cieszyński | 1882–1941 | Polish | physician, dentist, surgeon | Massacre of Lwów |
Władysław Dobrzaniecki | 1897–1941 | Polish | physician, surgeon | Massacre of Lwów |
Janusz Korczak | 1878–1942 | Polish | pediatrician, educator, child welfare | Treblinka |
Sabina Spielrein | 1885–1942, Zmieva Balka, Rostov | Russian | Physician, Psychiatrist, Psychoanalyst |
Law, business
Name | Lifespan | Nationality | Achievements | Cause of Death |
---|---|---|---|---|
Klaus Bonhoeffer | 1901–1945 | German | jurist, resistance fighter | executed, Berlin |
Betsie ten Boom | 1885–1944 Ravensbrück | Dutch | book keeper | Pernicious anemia |
Casper ten Boom | 1859–1944 Scheveningen Prison | Dutch | watchmaker | tuberculosis, mistreatment |
Hans von Dohnanyi | 1902–1945 | German | jurist, resistance fighter | executed, Sachsenhausen |
Reinhold Frank | 1896–1945 Berlin-Plötzensee | German | lawyer, member of July 20 Plot | executed |
Martin Gauger | 1905–1941, NS-Tötungsanstalt Sonnenstein | German | jurist, pacifist, member of the Kreisau Circle | |
Maurice Halbwachs | 1877–1945 | French | sociologist, economist, philosopher, developer of collective memory | Buchenwald |
Franz Kaufmann | 1886–1944 | German | jurist | Sachsenhausen |
Helmuth James Graf von Moltke | 1907–1945 | German | jurist, founder of the Kreisau Circle | executed, Berlin-Plötzensee |
Alfred Müller | 1888 – 1945, Dachau | Croatian | entrepreneur | |
Leo Müller | 1894 – 1941, Jasenovac | Croatian | entrepreneur | |
Karl Sack | 1896–1945 | German | jurist, member of the July 20 plot | executed, Flossenbürg |
Rüdiger Schleicher | 1895–1945 | German | resistance fighter | executed, Berlin |
Armin Schreiner | 1874–1941 | Croatian | industrialist | Jasenovac |
Kazimierz Proszyński | 1875–1945 | Polish | inventor | Mauthausen |
Elisabeth de Rothschild | 1902–1945 | French | wife of Baron Philippe de Rothschild | Ravensbrück |
Theology, spirituality, religion
Name | Lifespan | Nationality | Achievements | Cause of Death |
---|---|---|---|---|
Kai Munk | 1898–1944 | Danish | theologian, playwright | murdered by an SS-Sonderkommando, Hørbylunde/Denmark |
Yitzchak Shimon Gottlieb | ?, ? | Polish | Talmud Chacham, Rabbi | |
Dietrich Bonhoeffer | 1906–1945, Flossenbürg | German | Lutheran pastor, theologian, | Hanged with thin wire |
Regina Jonas | 1902–1944, Auschwitz | German | woman Rabbi | |
Jochen Klepper | 1903–1942 | German | theologian, journalist | suicide shortly before deportation, Berlin |
Friedrich Lorenz | 1897–1944 | German | priest, member of Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate | executed, Halle an der Saale (beheaded) |
Paul Schneider | 1897–1939, Buchenwald | German | clergyman | lethal injection |
Edith Stein | 1891–1942, Auschwitz | German | nun, Catholic saint (born Jewish) | gas chamber |
Sándor Büchler | 1869–1944, Auschwitz | Hungarian | rabbi, historian | |
Avraham Yitzchak Bloch | 1891–1941 | Lithuanian | Chief Rabbi, rosh yeshiva of the Telz Yeshiva | murdered in a massacre of the male population of Telz |
Elchonon Wasserman | 1875–1941, Kovno | Lithuanian | rabbi, rosh yeshiva | |
Azriel Rabinowitz | 1905–1941 | Lithuanian | rabbi, rosh yeshiva at the Telz Yeshiva | murdered in a massacre of the male population of Telz |
Shimon Shkop | 1860–1940, Grodno | Lithuanian | rosh yeshiva, Talmudic scholar | |
Maximilian Kolbe | 1894–1941, Auschwitz | Polish | friar, Catholic saint | lethal injection |
Stefan Wincenty Frelichowski | 1913–1945, Dachau | Polish | priest | |
Karl Ernst Krafft | 1900–1945, during transport to Buchenwald | Swiss | astrologer, occultist | |
Kalonymus Kalman Shapira | 1889–1943, Aktion Erntefest | Polish | Rabbi | |
Menachem Ziemba | 1883–1943, The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising | Polish | Rabbi | |
Maria Skobtsova | 1891–1945, Ravensbrück concentration camp | Russian | Russian Orthodox nun, saint | gas chamber |
Sport
Name | Lifespan | Nationality | Achievements | Cause of Death |
---|---|---|---|---|
Estella Agsteribbe | 1909–1943, Auschwitz | Dutch | gymnast (team); Olympic gold medalist | |
Alfred Flatow | 1869–1942, Theresienstadt | German | gymnast; 3-time Olympic gold medalist & 1-time silver medalist | |
Gustav Flatow | 1875–1945, Theresienstadt | German | gymnast; 2-time Olympic gold medalist | |
Bronisław Czech | 1908–1944, Auschwitz | Polish | skier: Olympian | |
János Garay (fencer) | 1889–1945, Mauthausen | Hungarian | fencer; Olympic gold, silver, and bronze medalist | |
Oszkár Gerde | 1883–1944, Mauthausen | Hungarian | fencer; 2-time Olympic gold medalist | |
Eddy Hamel | 1902–1943, Auschwitz | American | football player, AFC Ajax | |
Lilli Henoch | 1899–1942, Riga Ghetto | German | 4 world records (discus, shot put, and 4x100-m relay), 10 German national championships, | |
Otto Herschmann | 1877–1942, Izbica concentration camp | Austrian | fencer & swimmer; 2-time Olympic silver medalist | |
Roman Kantor | 1912–1943, Majdanek concentration camp | Polish | fencer; Olympian | |
Gerrit Kleerekoper | 1897–1943, Sobibór | Dutch | coach Dutch gymnastics team 1928 Amsterdam Olympic Games | |
Józef Klotz | 1900–1941 | Polish | Polish national soccer team | |
Janusz Kusociński | 1907–1940 | Polish | athlete;1932 Los Angeles men's athletics gold medalist | executed in Palmiry |
Salo Landau | 1903–1944, Gräditz concentration camp | Dutch | chess player | |
Vera Menchik | 1906–1944 | British-Czech | chess player; world champion | killed in a V-1 rocket bombing raid in South London |
Helena Nordheim | 1903–1943, Sobibór | Dutch | gymnast (team); Olympic gold medalist | |
Victor Perez | 1911–1945, Auschwitz | Tunisian | boxer; world flyweight champion | |
Attila Petschauer | 1904–1943, Davidovka concentration camp | Hungarian | fencer; 2-time Olympic gold medalist & 1-time silver medalist | |
Ans Polak | 1906–1943, Sobibór | Dutch | gymnast (team); Olympic gold medalist | |
Dawid Przepiórka | 1880–1940 | Polish | chess player; chess Olympian | executed, Warsaw |
Werner Seelenbinder | 1904–1944 | German | wrestler; Olympian | executed, Brandenburg an der Havel |
Jud Simons | 1904–1943, Sobibór | Dutch | gymnast (team); Olympic gold medalist | |
Leon Sperling | 1900–1941, Lemberg Ghetto | Polish |
left wing on national soccer team | |
András Székely | 1909–1943, | Hungarian | swimmer, Olympic silver (200-m breaststroke) and bronze (4x200-m freestyle relay) | |
Lejzor Ilja Szrajbman | 1907–1943, Majdanek concentration camp | Polish | swimmer, Olympic 4×200-m freestyle relay | |
Karel Treybal | 1885–1941 | Czech | chess player; chess Olympian | executed, Prague |
Johann Trollmann | 1907–1943, Neuengamme | German | boxer; German national champion | |
Heinrich Wolf | 1875–1943, Vienna | Austrian | chess player |
Politics, resistance
Name | Lifespan | Nationality | Achievements | Cause of Death |
---|---|---|---|---|
Edgar André | 1894–1936, Hamburg | German | Communist | executed |
Friedrich Aue | 1896–1944, Brandenburg | German | Communist | executed |
Judith Auer | 1905–1944, Berlin | German | Resistance fighter | executed |
Olga Benário Prestes | 1908–1942, Ravensbrück | German-Brazilian | Communist | |
Victor Basch | 1877–1945 | French | Esthetician, politician | assassinated by the Vichy French Milice |
Bernhard Bästlein | 1894–1944, Brandenburg | German | Communist | executed |
Kazimierz Bartel | 1882–1941 | Polish | Prime Minister of Poland 1926-1930 | executed |
Albrecht Graf von Bernstorff | d. 1945 | German | Diplomat | murdered in custody, Berlin |
Cato Bontjes van Beek | 1920–1944, Berlin-Plötzensee | German | Resistance fighter | executed |
Rudolf Breitscheid | 1874–1944, Buchenwald | German | Social democrat | |
Hans Coppi | 1916–1942, Berlin-Plötzensee | German | Resistance fighter | executed |
Hilde Coppi | 1909–1943, Berlin-Plötzensee | German | Resistance fighter | executed |
Tone Čufar | 1905–1942 | Slovenian | Resistance fighter | shot during an escape attempt |
Jenő Deutsch (Eugen Deutsch) | 1879–1944 | Hungarian | Social democrat politician [1] | |
Otto Eggerstedt | d. 1933, Esterwegen | German | Social democrat | |
Fritz Elsas | d. 1945, Sachsenhausen | German | Politician | |
Georg Elser | 1903–1945, Dachau | German | Manual laborer, Rotfront-Kämpfer | executed |
Leon Feldhendler | 1910–1945, Sobibor concentration camp | Polish | Resistance fighter | murdered by Narodowe Siły Zbrojne |
Yitzhak Gitterman | 1889–1943 | Polish | Politician, Director of American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee | fighting in Warsaw Ghetto Uprising |
Carl Friedrich Goerdeler | 1884–1945, Berlin-Plötzensee | German | Mayor of Leipzig, Putschist | executed |
Willi Graf | 1918-1943, Munich–Stadelheim Prison | German | White Rose resistance fighter; student | Guillotined |
Herschel Grynszpan | 1921–1943/1945, location and date of death not known, possibly Gestapo-Prison Berlin-Moabit | German | Assassin | |
Max Habermann | d. 1944, prison in Gifhorn | German | Trade unionist | |
Albrecht Haushofer | 1903–1945, Berlin-Moabit | German | Diplomat, writer | executed |
Rudolf Henning | d. 1944, , Sachsenhausen | German | executed | |
Rudolf Hilferding | 1877–1941, in Gestapo custody, Paris | German | Social democrat | |
Otto Hirsch | d. 1941, Mauthausen concentration camp | German | Representative of German Jews | |
Camill Hoffmann | d. 1944, Auschwitz | German | Diplomat, writer | |
Martin Hoop | 1892–1933, Zwickau | German | Communist, District leader of KPD in Saxony | |
Kurt Huber | 1893–1943, Munich–Stadelheim Prison | German | White Rose resistance fighter, professor | Guillotined |
Franz Jacob | d. 1944, Brandenburg | German | Communist | executed |
Walter Krämer | d. 1941, KZ Goslar | German | Communist | "shot while trying to escape", |
Marian Kudera | d. 1944, , Dachau | German | Resistance fighter | executed |
Albert Kuntz | d. 1945, Nordhausen | German | Communist | after torture |
Ludwig Landmann | 1868-5 March 1945 | German | DDP politician, Mayor of Frankfurt | starved to death in hiding place |
Julius Leber | 1891–1944, Berlin-Plötzensee | German | Socialist | executed |
Wilhelm Leuschner | 1890–1944, Berlin-Plötzensee | German | Politician | executed |
Marinus van der Lubbe | 1909–1934, Leipzig | Dutch | Arsonist | |
August Lütgens | d. 1933, Amtsgericht Altona | German | Communist | executed |
Georges Mandel | 1885–1944 | French | Politician, resistance leader | murdered in the Forest of Fontainebleau |
Rosa Manus | d. 1943, Ravensbrück | German | Women's rights advocate | |
Walter Möller | d. 1933, Amtsgericht Altona | German | Communist | executed |
Ottilie Pohl | d. 1942, Theresienstadt | German | resistance fighter | |
Fritz Pröll | 1915–1944 , Nordhausen | German | Resistance fighter | suicide due to threatened torture |
Christoph Probst | 1918-1943, Munich–Stadelheim Prison | German | White Rose resistance fighter, student | Guillotined |
Joseph Roth | 1896–1945 | German | Teacher and politician | murdered by a poison injection after prison in Buchenwald |
Stefan Rowecki | 1895–1944, Warsaw | Polish | General, leader of the Armia Krajowa, journalist | executed |
Anton Saefkow | 1903–1944, Zuchthaus Brandenburg | German | Communist, resistance fighter | executed |
Werner Scharff | 1912–1945, Sachsenhausen | German | Resistance fighter, electrician | executed |
Rudolf von Scheliha | 1897–1942, Berlin-Plötzensee | German | Red Orchestra resistance fighter, diplomat | Guillotined |
Richard Schmitz | 1885-1938 survived Dachau | Austrian | Mayor of Vienna | |
Alex Schmorell | 1917–1943, Munich–Stadelheim Prison | German | White Rose resistance fighter, student | Guillotined |
Ernst Schneller | d. 1944, Sachsenhausen | German | KPD politician | executed |
Werner Scholem | d. 1940, Buchenwald | German | Communist | |
Hans Scholl | 1918–1943, Munich–Stadelheim Prison | German | White Rose resistance fighter, medical student | Guillotined |
Sophie Scholl | 1921–1943, Munich–Stadelheim Prison | German | White Rose resistance fighter, student | Guillotined |
Slavko Šlander | 1909–1941 | Slovenian | Resistance fighter | executed |
Stefan Starzyński | 1893–1943, fate unknown, possibly died in Dachau | Polish | Politician, economist, writer | |
Ilse Stöbe | 1911–1942, Berlin-Plötzensee | German | Red Orchestra resistance fighter | Guillotined |
Bruno Tesch | 1913–1933, Amtsgericht Altona | German | Communist | executed |
Ernst Thälmann | 1886–1944, Buchenwald | German | KPD politician | executed |
Mathias Thesen | d. 1944, Sachsenhausen | German | KPD politician, trade unionist | executed |
Adam von Trott zu Solz | d. 1944, Berlin-Plötzensee | German | Diplomat | executed |
Karl Wolff | d. 1933 , Amtsgericht Altona | German | Communist | executed |
Zygielbojm Szmul | d. 1943 | Polish | Bund leader | suicide in protest of Nazism |
Military
Name | Lifespan | Nationality | Achievements | Cause of Death |
---|---|---|---|---|
Erich Fellgiebel | 1886–1944, Berlin-Plötzensee | German | officer and resistance fighter in the Third Reich | executed |
Ludwig Beck | 1880–1944, Berlin | German | General, Putschist | executed |
Werner von Haeften | 1908–1944, Berlin | German | jurist, adjutant of Claus Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg | executed |
Erich Hoepner | 1886–1944, Berlin-Plötzensee | German | demoted Colonel General, member of Military opposition about Claus Schenk von Stauffenberg |
executed |
Albrecht Mertz von Quirnheim | 1905–1944, Berlin | German | Colonel, Putschist | executed |
Friedrich Olbricht | 1888–1944, Berlin | German | General, Putschist | executed |
Hans Oster | 1887–1945, Flossenbürg | German | Chief of staff | executed |
Harro Schulze-Boysen | 1909–1942, Berlin-Plötzensee | German | officer, publicist | executed |
Claus Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg | 1907–1944, Berlin | German | Chief of staff of General Army Office, Putschist | executed |
Carl Heinrich von Stülpnagel | 1886–1944, Berlin-Plötzensee | German | military commander in occupied France | executed |
Henning von Tresckow | 1901–1944, near Ostrov, Russia | German | Major General, Putschist | suicide |
Erwin von Witzleben | 1881–1944, Berlin-Plötzensee | German | retired Field Marshal | executed |
Wilhelm Canaris | 1887–1945, Flossenbürg | German | military information service | executed |
Erwin Rommel | 1891–1944 | German | Army(Wehrmacht), Field Marshal | forced suicide |
Dmitry Karbyshev | 1880–1945, Mauthausen | Russian | Army(RKKA), engineer commander | executed |
Dimitri Zouralis | d. 1941 | Greek | Army(Greek), Commander | executed |
Rudolf Viest | 1890–1945, Flossenbürg | Slovak | Division General, commander of the Slovak National Uprising | executed |
Ján Golian | 1906–1945, Flossenbürg | Slovak | Brigadier General, commander of the Slovak National Uprising | executed |