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Coordinates: 36°58′50″N 38°25′32″E / 36.98056°N 38.42556°E / 36.98056; 38.42556
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The bombing targeted members of the [[Socialist Party of the Oppressed]] (ESP) Youth Wing, the Socialist Youth Associations Federation (SGDF), which was giving a press statement on the reconstruction of the Syrian town of [[Kobanî]] when the bombing took place.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.milliyet.com.tr/sosyalist-genclik-dernegi-gundem-2090164/|title=Sosyalist Gençlik Derneği Federasyonu - SGDF amacı nedir, kimdir?|date=20 July 2015|work=milliyet.com.tr|accessdate=21 July 2015}}</ref> Kobanî, which is approximately 10&nbsp;km from Suruç, was until recently {{When|date=July 2015}} [[Siege of Kobanî|under siege]] by [[Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant]] (ISIL) forces.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.haberturk.com/gundem/haber/1105174-sanliurfa-suructa-patlama|title=Şanlıurfa Suruç'ta patlama|date=20 July 2015|work=www.haberturk.com|accessdate=20 July 2015}}</ref> More than 300 members of the SGDF had travelled from [[İstanbul]] to Suruç to participate in three-to-four days of rebuilding work in Kobanî, and had been staying at Amara Cultural Centre while preparing to cross the border.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.amerikaninsesi.com/content/suructa-patlama-28-olu-100-yarali/2870167.html|title=Suruç’ta Patlama: 28 Ölü 100 Yaralı|work=Amerika'nin Sesi - Voice of America - Turkish|accessdate=20 July 2015}}</ref> The explosion, which was caught on camera, was identified as being caused by a [[Cluster munition|cluster bomb]]{{Dubious|Cluster bomb|date=July 2015}} detonated during what was perceived to be a [[suicide attack]].
The bombing targeted members of the [[Socialist Party of the Oppressed]] (ESP) Youth Wing, the Socialist Youth Associations Federation (SGDF), which was giving a press statement on the reconstruction of the Syrian town of [[Kobanî]] when the bombing took place.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.milliyet.com.tr/sosyalist-genclik-dernegi-gundem-2090164/|title=Sosyalist Gençlik Derneği Federasyonu - SGDF amacı nedir, kimdir?|date=20 July 2015|work=milliyet.com.tr|accessdate=21 July 2015}}</ref> Kobanî, which is approximately 10&nbsp;km from Suruç, was until recently {{When|date=July 2015}} [[Siege of Kobanî|under siege]] by [[Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant]] (ISIL) forces.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.haberturk.com/gundem/haber/1105174-sanliurfa-suructa-patlama|title=Şanlıurfa Suruç'ta patlama|date=20 July 2015|work=www.haberturk.com|accessdate=20 July 2015}}</ref> More than 300 members of the SGDF had travelled from [[İstanbul]] to Suruç to participate in three-to-four days of rebuilding work in Kobanî, and had been staying at Amara Cultural Centre while preparing to cross the border.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.amerikaninsesi.com/content/suructa-patlama-28-olu-100-yarali/2870167.html|title=Suruç’ta Patlama: 28 Ölü 100 Yaralı|work=Amerika'nin Sesi - Voice of America - Turkish|accessdate=20 July 2015}}</ref> The explosion, which was caught on camera, was identified as being caused by a [[Cluster munition|cluster bomb]]{{Dubious|Cluster bomb|date=July 2015}} detonated during what was perceived to be a [[suicide attack]].


Early evidence pointed towards ISIL involvement, with the organization claiming responsibility for the attack a day after.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.euronews.com/2015/07/21/suruc-suicide-bombing-turkey-identifies-suspect-in-isil-claimed-attack|title=Suruc suicide bombing: Turkey ‘identifies suspect’ in ISIL-claimed attack|work=euronews|accessdate=22 July 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.internethaber.com/sanliurfa-suructa-son-dakika-patlama-802269h.htm|title=Şanlıurfa Suruç'ta son dakika patlama|work=Internethaber|accessdate=20 July 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.haberler.com/sanliurfa-da-patlama-7522696-haberi/|title=Şanlıurfa'da Patlama! 28 Ölü ve 100'e Yakın Yaralı Var|date=20 July 2015|work=Haberler.com|accessdate=20 July 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sozcu.com.tr/2015/gundem/suructaki-patlama-ani-boyle-goruntulendi-888564|title=Suruç’taki patlama anı böyle görüntülendi|date=20 July 2015|accessdate=20 July 2015}}</ref> ISIL had allegedly made the decision to pursue more active operations in Turkey just days before the attack.<ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=http://t24.com.tr/haber/ankara-ve-istanbulda-bombali-eylem-hazirliginda-olan-isid-turkiyeye-nasil-sizdi,287913|title='Ankara ve İstanbul'da bombalı eylem hazırlığında' olan IŞİD, Türkiye'ye nasıl sızdı?|work=t24.com.tr|accessdate=20 July 2015}}</ref><ref name="auto1">{{cite web|url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2015/07/20/isis-bombs-turkey.html|title=ISIS Bombs Turkey|work=http://www.thedailybeast.com|accessdate=22 July 2015|author=Yusuf Sayman}}</ref> The attacker, named by local media as Şeyh Abdurrahman Alagöz (20), was an ethnic Kurd from [[Adiyaman]] and reportedly had links to Islamic State militants.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-33619043|title=Suruc massacre: 'Turkish student' was suicide bomber|date=22 July 2015|publisher=[[BBC]]|accessdate=25 July 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/haber/turkiye/326485/_Canli_bombanin_kimligi_belli_oldu__iddiasi.html|title=Cumhuriyet Gazetesi - 'Canlı bombanın kimliği belli oldu' iddiası|date=21 July 2015|publisher=|accessdate=22 July 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/turkey/11755200/Suruc-bomber-was-Turk-with-links-to-Isil.html|title=Suruc bomber was 'Turk with links to Isil'|date=22 July 2015|publisher=[[The Telegraph (U.K.)|The Telegraph]]|accessdate=24 July 2015}}</ref> Other than an unplanned clash between ISIL militants and Turkish soldiers in March 2014, this was the first planned attack by ISIL on Turkish soil, though previous incidents such as the 2013 [[Reyhanlı bombings]], the [[2015 Istanbul suicide bombing]], and the [[2015 Diyarbakır rally bombings]] have also pointed to ISIL involvement.<ref name="auto1"/>
Early evidence pointed towards ISIL involvement, with the organization claiming responsibility for the attack a day after.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.euronews.com/2015/07/21/suruc-suicide-bombing-turkey-identifies-suspect-in-isil-claimed-attack|title=Suruc suicide bombing: Turkey ‘identifies suspect’ in ISIL-claimed attack|work=euronews|accessdate=22 July 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.internethaber.com/sanliurfa-suructa-son-dakika-patlama-802269h.htm|title=Şanlıurfa Suruç'ta son dakika patlama|work=Internethaber|accessdate=20 July 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.haberler.com/sanliurfa-da-patlama-7522696-haberi/|title=Şanlıurfa'da Patlama! 28 Ölü ve 100'e Yakın Yaralı Var|date=20 July 2015|work=Haberler.com|accessdate=20 July 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sozcu.com.tr/2015/gundem/suructaki-patlama-ani-boyle-goruntulendi-888564|title=Suruç’taki patlama anı böyle görüntülendi|date=20 July 2015|accessdate=20 July 2015}}</ref> ISIL had allegedly made the decision to pursue more active operations in Turkey just days before the attack.<ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=http://t24.com.tr/haber/ankara-ve-istanbulda-bombali-eylem-hazirliginda-olan-isid-turkiyeye-nasil-sizdi,287913|title='Ankara ve İstanbul'da bombalı eylem hazırlığında' olan IŞİD, Türkiye'ye nasıl sızdı?|work=t24.com.tr|accessdate=20 July 2015}}</ref><ref name="auto1">{{cite web|url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2015/07/20/isis-bombs-turkey.html|title=ISIS Bombs Turkey|work=http://www.thedailybeast.com|accessdate=22 July 2015|author=Yusuf Sayman}}</ref> The attacker, named by local media as Şeyh Abdurrahman Alagöz (20), was an ethnic Zaza from [[Adiyaman]] and reportedly had links to Islamic State militants.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-33619043|title=Suruc massacre: 'Turkish student' was suicide bomber|date=22 July 2015|publisher=[[BBC]]|accessdate=25 July 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/haber/turkiye/326485/_Canli_bombanin_kimligi_belli_oldu__iddiasi.html|title=Cumhuriyet Gazetesi - 'Canlı bombanın kimliği belli oldu' iddiası|date=21 July 2015|publisher=|accessdate=22 July 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/turkey/11755200/Suruc-bomber-was-Turk-with-links-to-Isil.html|title=Suruc bomber was 'Turk with links to Isil'|date=22 July 2015|publisher=[[The Telegraph (U.K.)|The Telegraph]]|accessdate=24 July 2015}}</ref> Other than an unplanned clash between ISIL militants and Turkish soldiers in March 2014, this was the first planned attack by ISIL on Turkish soil, though previous incidents such as the 2013 [[Reyhanlı bombings]], the [[2015 Istanbul suicide bombing]], and the [[2015 Diyarbakır rally bombings]] have also pointed to ISIL involvement.<ref name="auto1"/>


The bombing resulted in a new escalation between Turkey and ISIL, with [[Turkey–ISIL conflict|Turkish soldiers and ISIL militants directly engaging]] in the border town of [[Kilis]] on 24 July 2015. This led to Turkey launching [[Operation Martyr Yalçın]], a series of airstrikes against militant positions in Northern Iraq and Syria. [[2015 counter-terrorism operations in Turkey|Large-scale counter-terrorism operations]] against ISIL targets and other terrorist organisations began on 24 July; however, most arrests were of [[PKK]] members.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.haberturk.com/gundem/haber/1106971-terore-karsi-iceride-ve-disarida-buyuk-operasyon|title=Teröre karşı içeride ve dışarıda büyük operasyon|date=24 July 2015|work=www.haberturk.com}}</ref>
The bombing resulted in a new escalation between Turkey and ISIL, with [[Turkey–ISIL conflict|Turkish soldiers and ISIL militants directly engaging]] in the border town of [[Kilis]] on 24 July 2015. This led to Turkey launching [[Operation Martyr Yalçın]], a series of airstrikes against militant positions in Northern Iraq and Syria. [[2015 counter-terrorism operations in Turkey|Large-scale counter-terrorism operations]] against ISIL targets and other terrorist organisations began on 24 July; however, most arrests were of [[PKK]] members.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.haberturk.com/gundem/haber/1106971-terore-karsi-iceride-ve-disarida-buyuk-operasyon|title=Teröre karşı içeride ve dışarıda büyük operasyon|date=24 July 2015|work=www.haberturk.com}}</ref>

Revision as of 20:56, 3 August 2015

2015 Suruç bombing
Part of Turkish involvement in
the Syrian Civil War
Forensic experts at the crime scene
after the explosion
LocationSuruç, Şanlıurfa Province, Turkey
Coordinates36°58′50″N 38°25′32″E / 36.98056°N 38.42556°E / 36.98056; 38.42556
Date20 July 2015 (2015-07-20)
12:00 (EEST)
Attack type
Suicide bombing, mass murder
Deaths32[1]
Injured104[2]

The 2015 Suruç bombing took place in the Suruç district of Şanlıurfa Province in Turkey at approximately 12:00 local time on 20 July 2015, outside the Amara Culture Centre.[3] 32 people were killed[1] and 104 were reported injured in the initial emergency response, as reported in various news outlets.[2]

The bombing targeted members of the Socialist Party of the Oppressed (ESP) Youth Wing, the Socialist Youth Associations Federation (SGDF), which was giving a press statement on the reconstruction of the Syrian town of Kobanî when the bombing took place.[4] Kobanî, which is approximately 10 km from Suruç, was until recently [when?] under siege by Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) forces.[5] More than 300 members of the SGDF had travelled from İstanbul to Suruç to participate in three-to-four days of rebuilding work in Kobanî, and had been staying at Amara Cultural Centre while preparing to cross the border.[6] The explosion, which was caught on camera, was identified as being caused by a cluster bomb[dubious – discuss] detonated during what was perceived to be a suicide attack.

Early evidence pointed towards ISIL involvement, with the organization claiming responsibility for the attack a day after.[7][8][9][10] ISIL had allegedly made the decision to pursue more active operations in Turkey just days before the attack.[11][12] The attacker, named by local media as Şeyh Abdurrahman Alagöz (20), was an ethnic Zaza from Adiyaman and reportedly had links to Islamic State militants.[13][14][15] Other than an unplanned clash between ISIL militants and Turkish soldiers in March 2014, this was the first planned attack by ISIL on Turkish soil, though previous incidents such as the 2013 Reyhanlı bombings, the 2015 Istanbul suicide bombing, and the 2015 Diyarbakır rally bombings have also pointed to ISIL involvement.[12]

The bombing resulted in a new escalation between Turkey and ISIL, with Turkish soldiers and ISIL militants directly engaging in the border town of Kilis on 24 July 2015. This led to Turkey launching Operation Martyr Yalçın, a series of airstrikes against militant positions in Northern Iraq and Syria. Large-scale counter-terrorism operations against ISIL targets and other terrorist organisations began on 24 July; however, most arrests were of PKK members.[16]

The bombing was met with international condemnation by a variety of organizations, as well as promises by the governing Justice and Development Party (AKP) to tighten the Turkish-Syrian border following the attack.[17] The opposition criticised the government for not securing the border beforehand, while the Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP) also came under scrutiny for endorsing the crossing of the victims past the border despite significant threats from ISIL.[18][19]

Background

The district of Suruç is located on the Syrian-Turkish border in the Province of Şanlıurfa, approximately 10 kilometres (6.2 miles) from the Syrian town of Kobanî. The populations of both Suruç and Kobanî are mostly Kurds, with the cultural ties between the two having resulted in deadly riots in south-eastern Turkey in October 2014 when Kobanî was under siege by Islamic State militants. The riots had mainly protested the Turkish government's lack of intervention in Kobanî against ISIL.[20] Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan claimed that he was not prepared to launch operations against ISIL unless it was also against the forces of Bashar Al Assad.[21] Furthermore, allegations of covert funding and the arming of ISIL by the Turkish government, which came under particular scrutiny following the 2014 MİT lorries scandal, also caused heavy controversy.[22][23][24]

The Siege of Kobanî 2014–15

Further information: Siege of Kobanî

Kobanî was retaken from ISIL forces in late January 2015, with the Kurdish People's Protection Units (YPG) taking full control of the city. ISIL vowed to return, committing a series of massacres in the city in June 2015. The Socialist Youth Associations Federation (SGDF) of Turkey requested permission to cross the border and participate in the reconstruction of the war-torn city.[25]

Turkish invasion threats

Further information: Turkish involvement in the Syrian Civil War § Rumored invasion plans

During late June and early July 2015, the Turkish and Jordanian governments made threats to invade Syria[26][27] and set up buffer zones. Turkey also agreed to let the United States of America use Turkish bases for drone strikes against ISIL.[28]

Explosion

Perceived targets

The bombing appeared to target members of the Socialist Youth Associations Federation (SGDF), the Youth Wing of the Socialist Party of the Oppressed (ESP), of which 300 members had travelled to Suruç from İstanbul in order to cross the border into Kobanî to take part in reconstruction projects there. The members were staying at the Amara Culture Centre and were giving a press statement on the reconstruction of Kobanî when the bombings took place.[29] Shortly after the bombing in Suruç, there was an explosion at an old mortar warehouse in Kobanî itself.[30]

Bombing

A survivor present at the press statement when the bombing took place, theatre actor Murat Akdağ, claimed that the bomb exploded in the middle of the group listening to the statement being made.[31] Wounds on casualties taken to hospital showed evidence of burns and cluster bomb[dubious – discuss] fragments.[32] A spokesperson for the municipality of Suruç added that there was the potential for a second bombing, asking individuals close to the Amara Cultural Centre to evacuate the area.[33] Initial reports identified an 18-year-old female suicide bomber as the perpetrator, although the government later formally identified a male disguised as a woman as the detonator of the bomb. The Turkish government began investigating domestic and international affiliations of the suspect shortly after identification.[34]

Perpetrators

Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant

As the events progressed, the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant became the prime suspected perpetrator.[35] Before Eid al Fitr (which had ended a day before the bombing), ISIL had allegedly taken the decision to begin operations in Turkey.[11] Two Turkish officials who spoke to the press during investigations shortly after the bombing stated that all evidence collected showed that ISIL was behind the attack.[36] It was alleged that the perpetrator behind the bombing itself was an 18-year-old female ISIL sympathizer who was amongst the group listening to the press statement.[33] New DNA research suggests that the perpetrator was Şeyh Abdurrahman Alagöz, a 20-year-old Turkish student whose ID card was found at the scene.[37]

Reactions

Domestic reactions

The Prime Minister of Turkey, Ahmet Davutoğlu, formed a crisis meeting and sent Deputy Prime Minister Numan Kurtulmuş, Interior Minister Sebahattin Öztürk and Minister of Labour and Social Security Faruk Çelik to Suruç to follow developments.[38][39] Deputy Prime Minister Yalçın Akdoğan condemned the bombing, stating on social media that Turkey would never yield to such terrorist attacks.[40]

The President of Turkey, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, was in Northern Cyprus at the time of the bombing.[41] In a statement, he condemned the attack and offered condolences to the relatives of the victims.[42] He further claimed that government ministers would continue their investigations.[43] Former President Abdullah Gül also condemned the attack and offered condolences.[44]

The Governor of Şanlıurfa, İzzettin Küçük, confirmed that the explosion was a result of a suicide bombing, but caused controversy when it emerged that he had previously claimed that there was no threat from ISIL to Şanlıurfa before the bombing.[45]

The Ministry of the Interior warned soon after the bombing occurred that casualties were likely to rise, adding that the perpetrators would be caught and brought to justice as soon as possible.[46]

The Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP) chairman Selahattin Demirtaş claimed that the governing Justice and Development Party (AKP) were responsible for the attack, claiming the bombing could not have taken place without assistance from the state.[47] The HDP's parliamentary group leader Pervin Buldan released a statement claiming that the HDP would treat the attacks as a suicide bombing perpetrated by ISIL until more reliable information is made available. HDP Member of Parliament Dengir Mir Mehmet Fırat claimed that the target of the attack was the Turkish Republic itself.[48] HDP Adana Member of Parliament Meral Danış Beştaş called the attack a 'massacre' and said the HDP Central Executive Committee would meet to discuss the bombing.[49]

The main opposition Republican People's Party (CHP) also sent a delegation to Suruç formed of ten MPs led by CHP Deputy Leader Sezgin Tanrıkulu.[50] Another CHP Deputy Leader, Gürsel Tekin, stated that his party had consistently warned the government that the border between Syria and Turkey had been left undefended, while Tanrıkulu criticised the AKP for being responsible for Turkey's situation.[51]

The Kurdish con-federalist Group of Communities in Kurdistan (KCK) held the AKP responsible, accusing the AKP of funding ISIL, thus contributing to its terrorist attacks and efforts.[52]

International reactions

Aftermath

See also: 2015 counter-terrorism operations in Turkey and Operation Martyr Yalçın

Demonstrations were held in several provinces of Turkey to protest the attack. During a protest attended by approximately 1,000 people in Mersin two protestors were shot and lightly wounded by an unknown perpetrator with a hunting rifle.[63]

Two days after the bombing in Suruç two police officers were found dead in the same building in the district of Ceylanpınar, which is also in Şanlıurfa Province.[64] At least one of the officers was identified as working for an anti-terrorism task force. The PKK claimed responsibility for the attack, as a revenge act for the events in Suruç.[65] Following a statement from the Şanlıurfa Governor İzzettin Küçük, a ban on press coverage came into effect and Twitter was blocked while sensitive content was removed from the site.[66]

In raids across the country, nearly 600 terror suspects were arrested including alleged members of ISIS, PKK and other left-wing groups.[67]

On the following Friday, 24 July, Turkey for the first time carried out airstrikes against ISIS positions in Syria near the Turkish border, without entering Syrian airspace. However, the same day Turkey also began airstrikes against PKK camps in northern Iraq, despite the fact the PKK is fighting against ISIS in Iraq and Syria.[68][69]

On the Saturday following the airstrikes the president of Iraq’s Kurdistan Regional Government, Masoud Barzani, called Turkish Prime Minister Ahmet Davutoglu. He urged Turkey to halt its airstrikes against the PKK over their territory and resolve their problem through negotiations.[70]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Suruç'ta ölenlerin sayısı 32'ye yükseldi" (in Turkish). NTV. Retrieved 21 July 2015.
  2. ^ a b "Suruç'ta ölü ve yaralı sayısı açıklandı" (in Turkish). TRT. Retrieved 21 July 2015.
  3. ^ Mynet. "Şanlıurfa Suruçta Patlama Haberi ve Son Dakika Haberler Mynet". Mynet Haber. Retrieved 20 July 2015.
  4. ^ "Sosyalist Gençlik Derneği Federasyonu - SGDF amacı nedir, kimdir?". milliyet.com.tr. 20 July 2015. Retrieved 21 July 2015.
  5. ^ "Şanlıurfa Suruç'ta patlama". www.haberturk.com. 20 July 2015. Retrieved 20 July 2015.
  6. ^ "Suruç'ta Patlama: 28 Ölü 100 Yaralı". Amerika'nin Sesi - Voice of America - Turkish. Retrieved 20 July 2015.
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  9. ^ "Şanlıurfa'da Patlama! 28 Ölü ve 100'e Yakın Yaralı Var". Haberler.com. 20 July 2015. Retrieved 20 July 2015.
  10. ^ "Suruç'taki patlama anı böyle görüntülendi". 20 July 2015. Retrieved 20 July 2015.
  11. ^ a b "'Ankara ve İstanbul'da bombalı eylem hazırlığında' olan IŞİD, Türkiye'ye nasıl sızdı?". t24.com.tr. Retrieved 20 July 2015.
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