Chinese expedition to Tibet (1910): Difference between revisions

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The 1910 Chinese invasion of Tibet or the Chinese expedition in 1910^[1] was a military campaign of the Qing dynasty to establish direct rule in Tibet in early 1910. The expedition occupied Lhasa on February 12 and officially deposed the 13th Dalai Lama on the 25th.^[2] Qing rule of Tibet was established in the early 18th century after the 1720 Chinese expedition to Tibet, but it was essentially a protectorate rather than a direct rule. The actual rule also waned considerably with the gradual weakening of the Qing dynasty in the 19th century. After the British expedition to Tibet in 1904 and the Sino-British treaty in 1906, the Qing decided to establish direct rule over Tibet and thus sent such an expedition in 1910. However, the direct rule over Tibet proved short-lived: after the outbreak of the Xinhai Revolution and the Xinhai Lhasa turmoil in 1911-1912, Qing rule essentially ended in Lhasa and other parts of Tibet. All Qing forces left Tibet by the end of 1912.

References

^ Peoples of the Buddhist World: A Christian Prayer Diary, by Paul Hattaway, p330
^ Melvyn C. Goldstein. A History of Modern Tibet, 1913-1951: The Demise of the Lamaist State.

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[1] Peoples of the Buddhist World: A Christian Prayer Diary, by Paul Hattaway, p330

[2] Melvyn C. Goldstein. A History of Modern Tibet, 1913-1951: The Demise of the Lamaist State.

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-The '''1910 Chinese invasion of Tibet''' or the '''Chinese expedition in 1910'''<ref>Peoples of the Buddhist World: A Christian Prayer Diary, by Paul Hattaway, p330</ref> was a military expedition of the [[Qing dynasty]] sent to establish direct rule in [[Tibet]] in early 1910. The expedition occupied [[Lhasa]] on February 12 and officially deposed the [[13th Dalai Lama]] on the 25th.<ref>{{cite book|title=A History of Modern Tibet, 1913-1951: The Demise of the Lamaist State|author=Melvyn C. Goldstein }}</ref> [[Tibet under Qing rule|Qing rule of Tibet]] was established in the early 18th century after the [[Chinese expedition to Tibet (1720)|1720 Chinese expedition to Tibet]], but it was essentially a [[protectorate]] rather than a direct rule. The actual rule also waned considerably with the gradual weakening of the Qing dynasty in the 19th century. After the [[British expedition to Tibet]] in 1904 and the [[Convention Between Great Britain and China Respecting Tibet|Sino-British treaty in 1906]], the Qing decided to establish direct rule over Tibet and thus sent such an expedition in 1910. However, the direct rule over Tibet proved short-lived: after the outbreak of the [[Xinhai Revolution]] and the [[Xinhai Lhasa turmoil]] in 1911-1912, Qing rule essentially ended in Lhasa and other parts of Tibet. All Qing forces left Tibet by the end of 1912.
+The '''1910 Chinese invasion of Tibet''' or the '''Chinese expedition in 1910'''<ref>Peoples of the Buddhist World: A Christian Prayer Diary, by Paul Hattaway, p330</ref> was a military campaign of the [[Qing dynasty]] to establish direct rule in [[Tibet]] in early 1910. The expedition occupied [[Lhasa]] on February 12 and officially deposed the [[13th Dalai Lama]] on the 25th.<ref>{{cite book|title=A History of Modern Tibet, 1913-1951: The Demise of the Lamaist State|author=Melvyn C. Goldstein }}</ref> [[Tibet under Qing rule|Qing rule of Tibet]] was established in the early 18th century after the [[Chinese expedition to Tibet (1720)|1720 Chinese expedition to Tibet]], but it was essentially a [[protectorate]] rather than a direct rule. The actual rule also waned considerably with the gradual weakening of the Qing dynasty in the 19th century. After the [[British expedition to Tibet]] in 1904 and the [[Convention Between Great Britain and China Respecting Tibet|Sino-British treaty in 1906]], the Qing decided to establish direct rule over Tibet and thus sent such an expedition in 1910. However, the direct rule over Tibet proved short-lived: after the outbreak of the [[Xinhai Revolution]] and the [[Xinhai Lhasa turmoil]] in 1911-1912, Qing rule essentially ended in Lhasa and other parts of Tibet. All Qing forces left Tibet by the end of 1912.
 ==See also==