ADK (gene)

ADK
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	1BX4, 2I6A, 2I6B, 4O1L
Identifiers
Aliases	ADK, Adk, 2310026J05Rik, 5033405D03Rik, AI255373, AI987814, Ak, adenosine kinase
External IDs	OMIM: 102750; MGI: 87930; HomoloGene: 4891; GeneCards: ADK; OMA:ADK - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 10 (human)
End	74,709,963 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 14 (mouse)
End	21,498,637 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	cartilage tissue; ; liver; ; right lobe of liver; ; Achilles tendon; ; oral cavity; ; gums; ; mucosa of esophagus; ; islet of Langerhans; ; ventricular zone; ; gingival epithelium;
	Top expressed in
	left lobe of liver; ; intercostal muscle; ; deep cerebellar nuclei; ; myocardium of ventricle; ; left lung lobe; ; gallbladder; ; pontine nuclei; ; right lung lobe; ; digastric muscle; ; soleus muscle;
	More reference expression data
	n/a
Gene ontology
Molecular function	transferase activity; nucleotide binding; metal ion binding; kinase activity; phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor; ATP binding; adenosine kinase activity; carbohydrate kinase activity; RNA binding;
Cellular component	nucleoplasm; nucleus; cytoplasm; cytosol;
Biological process	purine ribonucleoside salvage; phosphorylation; purine-containing compound salvage; ribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process; AMP salvage; dATP biosynthetic process; adenosine salvage; carbohydrate phosphorylation;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	132
	11534
	ENSG00000156110
	ENSMUSG00000039197
	P55263
	P55264
NM_001123; NM_001202449; NM_001202450; NM_006721; NM_001369123;
	NM_001369124
	NM_001243041; NM_134079
	NP_001114; NP_001189378; NP_001189379; NP_006712
	NP_001229970; NP_598840
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Adenosine kinase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ADK gene.^[5]^[6]

Function

This gene encodes adenosine kinase, an abundant enzyme in mammalian tissues. The enzyme catalyzes the transfer of the gamma-phosphate from ATP to adenosine, thereby serving as a regulator of concentrations of both extracellular adenosine and intracellular adenine nucleotides. Adenosine has widespread effects on the cardiovascular, nervous, respiratory, and immune systems and inhibitors of the enzyme could play an important pharmacological role in increasing intravascular adenosine concentrations and acting as anti-inflammatory agents. Alternative splicing results in two transcript variants encoding different isoforms. Both isoforms of the enzyme phosphorylate adenosine with identical kinetics and both require Mg²⁺ for activity.^[6]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000156110 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000039197 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Spychala J, Datta NS, Takabayashi K, Datta M, Fox IH, Gribbin T, Mitchell BS (Mar 1996). "Cloning of human adenosine kinase cDNA: sequence similarity to microbial ribokinases and fructokinases". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 93 (3): 1232–7. Bibcode:1996PNAS...93.1232S. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.3.1232. PMC 40062. PMID 8577746.
^ ^a ^b "Entrez Gene: ADK adenosine kinase".

External links

Human ADK genome location and ADK gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.

Klobutcher LA, Nichols EA, Kucherlapati RS, Ruddle FH (1976). "Assignment of the gene for human adenosine kinase to chromosome 10 using a somatic cell hybrid clone panel". Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 16 (1–5): 171–4. doi:10.1159/000130582. PMID 185014.
Singh B, Hao W, Wu Z, et al. (1996). "Cloning and characterization of cDNA for adenosine kinase from mammalian (Chinese hamster, mouse, human and rat) species. High frequency mutants of Chinese hamster ovary cells involve structural alterations in the gene". Eur. J. Biochem. 241 (2): 564–71. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1995.tb20220.x_1. PMID 8917457.
McNally T, Helfrich RJ, Cowart M, et al. (1997). "Cloning and expression of the adenosine kinase gene from rat and human tissues". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 231 (3): 645–50. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.6157. PMID 9070863.
Mathews II, Erion MD, Ealick SE (1998). "Structure of human adenosine kinase at 1.5 A resolution". Biochemistry. 37 (45): 15607–20. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.499.8430. doi:10.1021/bi9815445. PMID 9843365.
Van Rompay AR, Johansson M, Karlsson A (1999). "Identification of a novel human adenylate kinase. cDNA cloning, expression analysis, chromosome localization and characterization of the recombinant protein". Eur. J. Biochem. 261 (2): 509–17. doi:10.1046/j.1432-1327.1999.00294.x. PMID 10215863.
Singh B, Lin A, Wu ZC, Gupta RS (2001). "Gene structure for adenosine kinase in Chinese hamster and human: high-frequency mutants of CHO cells involve deletions of several introns and exons". DNA Cell Biol. 20 (1): 53–65. doi:10.1089/10445490150504693. PMID 11242543.
Maguire PB, Wynne KJ, Harney DF, et al. (2003). "Identification of the phosphotyrosine proteome from thrombin activated platelets". Proteomics. 2 (6): 642–8. doi:10.1002/1615-9861(200206)2:6<642::AID-PROT642>3.0.CO;2-I. PMID 12112843. S2CID 22665513.
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
Szkotak AJ, Ng AM, Man SF, et al. (2003). "Coupling of CFTR-mediated anion secretion to nucleoside transporters and adenosine homeostasis in Calu-3 cells". J. Membr. Biol. 192 (3): 169–79. doi:10.1007/s00232-002-1073-x. PMID 12820662. S2CID 23060872.
Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.

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[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000156110 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000039197 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid8577746-5] Spychala J, Datta NS, Takabayashi K, Datta M, Fox IH, Gribbin T, Mitchell BS (Mar 1996). "Cloning of human adenosine kinase cDNA: sequence similarity to microbial ribokinases and fructokinases". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 93 (3): 1232–7. Bibcode:1996PNAS...93.1232S. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.3.1232. PMC 40062. PMID 8577746.

[entrez-6] "Entrez Gene: ADK adenosine kinase".

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[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

v t e Enzymes
Activity	Active site Binding site Catalytic triad Oxyanion hole Enzyme promiscuity Diffusion-limited enzyme Cofactor Enzyme catalysis
Regulation	Allosteric regulation Cooperativity Enzyme inhibitor Enzyme activator
Classification	EC number Enzyme superfamily Enzyme family List of enzymes
Kinetics	Enzyme kinetics Eadie–Hofstee diagram Hanes–Woolf plot Lineweaver–Burk plot Michaelis–Menten kinetics
Types	EC1 Oxidoreductases (list) EC2 Transferases (list) EC3 Hydrolases (list) EC4 Lyases (list) EC5 Isomerases (list) EC6 Ligases (list) EC7 Translocases (list)

Function

References

External links

Further reading