Jump to content

Sting (wrestler)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by 132.189.76.18 (talk) at 20:41, 11 February 2011 (→‎Personal life). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Sting
Born (1959-03-20) March 20, 1959 (age 65)[1]
Omaha, Nebraska[2]
Professional wrestling career
Ring name(s)Blade Runner Flash
Flash Borden
Sting[3]
Billed height6 ft 2 in (1.88 m)[3]
Billed weight251 lb (114 kg)[3]
Billed fromVenice Beach, California[3]
Trained byBill Anderson
Red Bastien[2][4]
Georgio Maradona
Terry Funk
DebutNovember 28, 1985

Steve Borden[2] (born March 20, 1959)[2], better known by his ring name Sting, is an American professional wrestler, who last worked for Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA). He is best known for his tenure with World Championship Wrestling (WCW).

Borden has held twenty-three championships in various promotions throughout his career, and is a thirteen-time world champion: a six-time WCW World Heavyweight Champion, two-time WCW International World Heavyweight Champion, two-time NWA World Heavyweight Champion, two-time TNA World Heavyweight Champion, and one-time WWA World Heavyweight Champion. Industry commentators have described Sting as the "franchise" of WCW;[5][6] prior to its cessation, the organization said of Sting, "He is the franchise player of WCW, and perhaps no one better represents the organization than the man called Sting".[7] He is arguably the most well-known professional wrestler to have never performed for World Wrestling Entertainment.[8][9]

Borden is the only wrestler to win Pro Wrestling Illustrated's "Most Popular Wrestler of the Year" award four times.[10]

Professional wrestling career

Continental Wrestling Association (1985–1986)

Borden, originally wrestling under the ring name Flash, teamed with Jim "Justice" Hellwig as Power Team USA in the Continental Wrestling Association, a wrestling company based in Memphis, Tennessee. Fans were slow to respond to the lumbering hulks, so the team turned heel and became known as the Blade Runners.[1][11] Borden changed his ring name from Flash to Sting, while Hellwig became known as Rock.[1] The Blade Runners left the CWA after an uneventful run.

Universal Wrestling Federation (1986–1987)

The Blade Runners surfaced in the Universal Wrestling Federation, an organization run by Bill Watts and based in Shreveport, Louisiana. Hellwig, who would later become The Ultimate Warrior in the World Wrestling Federation (now WWE), left the promotion in mid-1986, leaving Sting without a partner. Sting joined Hotstuff & Hyatt International, a heel stable headed by "Hot Stuff" Eddie Gilbert and Missy Hyatt. Sting won the UWF World Tag Team Championship twice with Gilbert in 1986 and a third time with Rick Steiner in 1987.[1]

Following a match against Terry Taylor in mid-1987, Gilbert interfered on Taylor's behalf, costing Sting the match. Taylor and Gilbert ganged up on Sting until Gentleman Chris Adams came to Sting's aid. Adams cleared the ring and then asked Sting if he was with him or against him in his feud with Taylor and Gilbert. Sting turned face by declaring his allegiance to Adams.

Behind the scenes, Gilbert endorsed Borden by telling a dirt sheet that Sting would be a megastar in the future. Later that year, Sting was tabbed to win the UWF Television Championship, then held by Gilbert, until Jim Crockett of the National Wrestling Alliance bought the company from Watts. Crockett's booker, Dusty Rhodes, decided to put the Television title on Taylor to set up a feud between Taylor and NWA Television Champion Nikita Koloff to unify the two titles. Rhodes used then-unknown Shane Douglas as the transitional champion from Gilbert to Taylor because Rhodes did not want to diminish Sting's growing stardom with a brief title run.

National Wrestling Alliance / World Championship Wrestling (1987–2001)

1987–1989: A Rising Star

Rhodes used the opening bout of Crockett's first foray into pay-per-view, Starrcade '87, to showcase the young superstar. Sting partnered with Michael P.S. Hayes and Jimmy Garvin in a six-man tag team match against Gilbert, Steiner, and Larry Zbyszko that ended in a 15-minute time-limit draw.

Having established himself as a rising star, Sting was one of the few UWF alumni to be pushed in the NWA. At the inaugural Clash of the Champions in 1988, Sting challenged Ric Flair for the NWA World Heavyweight Championship. The match ended in a draw after the 45-minute time limit expired and the ringside judges could not declare a winner.[1][12] Sting lost to Flair in several non-televised rematches following the Clash and, later that year, battled other members of Flair's stable, the Four Horsemen. Sting teamed with Koloff at The Great American Bash in 1988 to challenge Horsemen Tully Blanchard and Arn Anderson for the NWA World Tag Team Championship; Blanchard and Anderson retained the titles when the match ended in a 20-minute time-limit draw.

Rhodes continued to book Sting in title matches throughout the year against both NWA United States Champion Barry Windham and NWA Television Champion Mike Rotundo. In the fall of 1988, Sting was attacked by Hawk and Animal of the Road Warriors after a televised match. Rhodes, as booker, identified Sting as the face who was most over with the fans, despite knowing that turning the Road Warriors heel would be no easy task. Rhodes himself teamed with Sting to challenge the Road Warriors for the tag team championship at Starrcade '88. Rhodes and Sting got the win by disqualification, allowing the Road Warriors to retain the titles.

Sting returned to singles matches in 1989, starting the year off by wrestling Flair to a one-hour draw in Atlanta's Omni on New Year's Day. After a long push, Sting won his first title in the NWA when he defeated Rotundo for the NWA Television Championship at a live event in March.[1] Sting defended the Television title actively but tended to face sub-par challengers such as the Iron Sheik. In mid-1989, The Great Muta challenged Sting at The Great American Bash. The match was booked with a classic, controversial Dusty Finish even though Rhodes (the namesake of the technique) had been fired months earlier. Sting got the three-count and was announced as the winner, but a replay showed Muta's shoulder was up at the count of two. The NWA decided to declare the title vacant.[1] Sting and Muta battled in many rematches for the vacant Television title, but they always ended in disqualification, giving neither man the championship. Eventually, Muta won a No Disqualification match against Sting at a live event in September by using a blackjack to get the win and the title.

In the main event of that year's Great American Bash, Flair defended the NWA World Heavyweight Championship against Terry Funk, who was a member of Gary Hart's J-Tex Corporation. After Flair got the victory, he was attacked by Funk's stablemate, Muta. Sting came to the aid of his old rival Flair, and the two feuded with Muta and Funk for the rest of the summer and fall, culminating in a Thunderdome Cage match between the two teams, which Flair and Sting won, at Halloween Havoc '89. The alliance with Flair resulted in Sting joining the newly reformed and now-face Four Horsemen along with the Andersons, Arn and Ole.

Sting finished out the year by winning a four-man round-robin Iron Man tournament at Starrcade '89. In the final match of the night, Sting defeated Flair to accumulate the necessary points to win the tournament. The victory made Sting the number one contender for Flair's NWA World title, leading to tension within the Four Horsemen.

1990–1991: Feuding with the Horsemen

Sting was summarily dismissed from the Four Horsemen on February 6, 1990, at Clash of the Champions X: Texas Shootout after refusing to relinquish his title shot against Flair, thus restarting their rivalry. Later that evening, Borden suffered a legitimate knee injury while interfering in a Steel Cage match featuring the Horsemen.[1]

Borden's injury forced the bookers of World Championship Wrestling, the dominant promotion in the NWA, to find a new opponent for Flair for the forthcoming WrestleWar pay-per-view event. Sting's friend Lex Luger was chosen to challenge Flair at WrestleWar, with Sting in Luger's corner. During the match between Flair and Luger, Sting was attacked by Ole Anderson. Luger valued his friendship with Sting above his title opportunity and lost the match by countout while assisting his friend. Behind the scenes, WCW officials had wanted Flair to drop the title to Luger at WrestleWar, but Flair refused, saying he had promised Borden he would hold the title until Borden could return to the ring. Flair felt that Sting, as the top face in the company, deserved the championship more than Luger, a man Flair held little regard for off-screen.

At the Capital Combat event in May, Sting was accosted by the Four Horsemen and thrown into a metal cage at ringside. In a promotional crossover, Sting was rescued by RoboCop.[13]

After Borden's recovery, Sting finally defeated Flair for the NWA World Heavyweight Championship on July 7, 1990, at the The Great American Bash.[1] Sting went on to feud with title contenders Flair and Sid Vicious. Vicious appeared to defeat Sting in a title match at the 1990 Halloween Havoc, but the "Sting" that Vicious pinned was revealed to be an impostor played by Horseman Barry Windham. The real Sting appeared soon after and pinned Vicious to retain his title after the match was restarted.

During Sting's title run, a masked man known as The Black Scorpion would taunt and attack Sting on many occasions. This feud culminated in a final showdown between Sting and The Black Scorpion at Starrcade: Collision Course in December. The Cage match ended with Sting pinning and unmasking the Scorpion, who turned out to be Flair in disguise.

1991–1995: The Franchise of WCW

Sting in his surfer gimmick

Sting's first world championship reign ended January 11, 1991, when Flair defeated him in a rematch from Starrcade. In the same month, WCW seceded from the National Wrestling Alliance, in the process recognizing a WCW World Heavyweight Championship and a WCW World Tag Team Championship.

Sting took part in what many consider to be one of the best matches of 1991, teaming with Luger to face The Steiner Brothers at the first SuperBrawl pay-per-view. The Steiners won by pinfall after Koloff, who had been feuding with Luger, interfered in the match by swinging a chain at Luger but hitting Sting instead. Consequently, Sting feuded with Koloff throughout the summer of 1991.[1]

In August 1991, Sting defeated "Stunning" Steve Austin to win a tournament for the vacated WCW United States Championship.[1] Sting held the title for 86 days before losing it to Rick Rude at Clash of the Champions XVII.

At Starrcade '91, Sting won the first-ever Battlebowl battle royal, for which he received a Battlebowl championship ring.

At the end of 1991, Sting became embroiled in a feud with the Dangerous Alliance, headed by manager Paul E. Dangerously. The stable targeted Sting because he was the so-called "franchise" of WCW, and the Alliance vowed to destroy both Sting and the promotion he was the face of. At the same time, Sting was being targeted by Luger, who had once again turned heel and, as WCW Champion, viewed Sting as a threat. Sting engaged in many matches with Dangerous Alliance members, especially Rude, who was the group's biggest star. It was during this feud that Sting won the first of his six WCW World Heavyweight Championships, defeating Luger on February 29, 1992, at SuperBrawl II.[1] The feud ended when Sting formed Sting's Squadron, consisting of allies Ricky Steamboat, Dustin Rhodes, Windham, and Koloff, and defeated the Alliance (Rude, Austin, Arn Anderson, Zbyszko, and Bobby Eaton) in a WarGames match at WrestleWar in May 1992; wrestling observer Dave Meltzer awarded the match his highest rating of five stars.

Near the end of Sting's battles with the Dangerous Alliance, the seeds were sown for what became arguably one of the most famous feuds of Sting's career. Sting defended his WCW World title April 12, 1992, at The Omni in Atlanta against the 450-pound Big Van Vader. During the match, Vader splashed Sting, cracking three of Sting's ribs and rupturing his spleen. Sting recovered and defended his title July 12 against Vader at The Great American Bash, dropping the belt to Vader after missing a Stinger Splash, hitting his head on the ringpost, and receiving a powerbomb. After beating Cactus Jack in a Falls Count Anywhere match at Beach Blast[14] and WCW newcomer Jake Roberts in a Coal Miner's Glove match at Halloween Havoc, Sting defeated Vader, who had lost the WCW championship in August, in the "King of Cable" tournament final at Starrcade.

The Sting-Vader feud continued into 1993, with Vader, who was again WCW Champion, defeating Sting in a bloody Strap match at SuperBrawl III. Sting exacted revenge by beating Vader for the WCW World Heavyweight Championship on March 11 in London, England, but lost it back to Vader six days later in Dublin, Ireland. Sting then teamed with WCW newcomer Davey Boy Smith to beat the team of Vader and Vicious at Beach Blast in a match that was set up by a mini-movie in which an evil midget blew up Sting's boat. At the end of 1993, Sting was one of the first people to congratulate Flair, who had just returned from the World Wrestling Federation, after his WCW World title victory over Vader at Starrcade.

Sting feuded with Vader and Rude through the first half of 1994. Sting won the WCW International World Heavyweight Championship from Rude in April. Rude recaptured the title May 1 in Japan, but the decision was reversed because Rude had allegedly hit Sting with the title belt during the match; this was to cover for a real-life back injury Rude sustained in the match that forced Rude into retirement. Sting refused to have the title handed to him and instead defeated Vader for the vacant WCW International World Heavyweight Championship at Slamboree. Soon afterward, Flair turned heel and defeated Sting in a title unification match at Clash of the Champions XXVII. Sting spent the second half of 1994 and most of 1995 teaming with new arrival Hulk Hogan in his battles against Kevin Sullivan's Three Faces of Fear and its successor stable, the Dungeon of Doom.

At The Great American Bash 1995, Sting defeated Meng to win another tournament for the WCW United States Championship. Sting defeated Meng in a rematch for the title at Bash at the Beach 1995.

Sting was on the first ever WCW Monday Nitro in a match where Flair defeated Sting by disqualification as a result of a run-in by Arn Anderson to attack Flair. At Fall Brawl, Sting teamed with Hogan, Luger, and Randy Savage to defeat the Dungeon of Doom, consisting of Kamala, Zodiac, Shark, and Meng, in the event's WarGames match. In October 1995, Flair convinced Sting to team with him in a match against Anderson and Brian Pillman at Halloween Havoc. Anderson and Pillman had attacked Flair earlier in the night, rendering Flair unable to come out for the first part of the match. Sting fended off his opponents until Flair emerged. Later in the match, Flair turned on Sting and reformed the Four Horsemen with Anderson and Pillman, later adding Chris Benoit to fill out the group.[1] Sting defeated Flair on a subsequent Nitro with the Scorpion Deathlock, refusing to let go until Luger persuaded him to do so. Sting defeated Flair again at the World War 3 pay-per-view. Later in the night, Sting competed in the World War 3 battle royal for the WCW World Heavyweight Championship, which was won by Savage. Sting's alliances with Hogan and Savage led the Horsemen to attack them as well.

Sting's second U.S. title reign lasted until November 13, when he was defeated by Kensuke Sasaki in Japan. At Starrcade, Sting defeated Sasaki, representing New Japan Pro Wrestling, in a non-title match to win the World Cup of Wrestling for WCW. In the next match that night, Sting lost a Triangle match involving Flair and Luger; Flair won by countout to become number one contender for the WCW World Heavyweight Championship, which Flair won from Savage in the next match.

1996–1998: A New World Order

Early in 1996, Sting's appearance started to change: Borden grew longer, darker hair, replacing his blond flattop haircut, and he often wore black tights, although he occassionally wore his colorful ones and maintained his colorful face paint.

Sting teamed with his old friend Luger, who had returned to WCW from WWF in September 1995, despite Luger's standing as a heel. The duo beat Harlem Heat for the WCW World Tag Team Championship on the January 22 edition of Nitro. The team often retained the championship as a result of Luger's cheating tactics, to which Sting remained oblivious. When Luger was temporarily unavailable for WCW Uncensored in March, Harlem Heat member Booker T teamed up with Sting to successfully prevent the title from changing hands. Sting and Booker T developed a mutual respect that showed itself when Sting and Luger granted Harlem Heat a rematch. During the Tag title run, Sting received a World title shot against The Giant at Slamboree in May, but lost after accidental interference from Luger. Harlem Heat eventually won the titles back on the June 24 edition of Nitro.

In the summer of 1996, Sting was the first to stand up to The Outsiders: Kevin Nash and Scott Hall, who had recently competed in the WWF and whose alliances and agenda were unclear, had been infiltrating and causing chaos at WCW events. Sting teamed with Luger and Savage to defend WCW against Hall, Nash, and a mysterious third Outsider to be revealed at the Bash at the Beach. Hall and Nash started the bout without their third partner, but the WCW's temporary three-on-two advantage was short-lived: Luger left the match after he was accidentally injured by a mistimed Stinger Splash. The two-on-two match continued while Hogan, who had been a fan favorite for over two decades, emerged at ringside. Hogan appeared ready to back up the WCW wrestlers until he attacked Savage with his leg drop finisher in one of wrestling's most famous swerves. The match was ruled a no-contest, and Hall, Nash, and Hogan declared a New World Order (nWo) in professional wrestling.

Sting allied himself with Luger, Flair, and Arn Anderson as Team WCW. The team was set to battle Team nWo in a WarGames match at the Fall Brawl pay-per-view. On the Nitro prior to the event, the nWo introduced an impostor Sting, played by Jeff Farmer, who attacked Luger in the parking lot, leading the crowd to believe Sting had turned his back on WCW. At Fall Brawl, Sting was confronted by his partners, who questioned his allegiance to WCW. Sting denied attacking Luger and came to the ring as part of Team WCW. However, after attacking members of Team nWo, Sting left ringside out of frustration that his loyalty had been doubted. The following night on Nitro, Sting stated he felt betrayed, and he left WCW by declaring himself a "free agent".[1]

On the October 21, 1996, edition of Nitro, Sting appeared with all-white face paint and an all-black outfit, including a trench coat. Sting assaulted the nWo's fake "Sting" as the other nWo members stood back. The nWo extended to the real Sting an offer to join the nWo and get back at WCW for betraying him. Sting declined to make a decision, declaring that "the only thing that's for sure about Sting is that nothing's for sure." Sting would not speak on WCW programming again for over a year.

A silent Sting, carrying a baseball bat as a weapon, began appearing in the rafters at WCW events. The "nWo Sting", played by Farmer, adopted Sting's new characteristics as well. Sting's new gimmick was inspired by the film The Crow. While appearing on a WCW/nWo merchandise special on QVC Sports in late 1999, Borden admitted that Hall had initially suggested the idea of painting his face like the character from The Crow. Sting maintains aspects of his "Crow" persona as of 2011.

In a series of unusual loyalty tests over the next months, Sting would confront a WCW wrestler in the ring and shove the wrestler several times with his bat until the wrestler was provoked enough to advance on him. Then Sting would draw the weapon back as if he were going to assault him, causing the wrestler to stop. Sting would hand the bat to the offended wrestler and turn his back, offering the wrestler a chance at retaliation. When the wrestler hesitated or declined, Sting would nod, retrieve the bat, and leave the ring.

Savage joined Sting as a "free agent" in the rafters on a few occasions before Savage decided to join the nWo. Sting began to appear for a time in and near the ring with the nWo.

After nearly six months of uncertainty and mystery, Sting finally showed his true colors as a hero for WCW by singlehandedly taking out the entire nWo at WCW Uncensored in March 1997. The pay-per-view had drawn to a close, and the nWo was celebrating with its newfound partner, Chicago Bulls NBA star Dennis Rodman, when Sting rappelled over 70 feet from the roof of the arena via zip-line. Sting used the Scorpion Death Drop inverted DDT, his new finishing move, on the principal members of the nWo: The Outsiders, Savage, and WCW World Champion Hollywood Hogan. In subsequent weeks, Sting frequently rappelled from the rafters or came up through the ring to attack unsuspecting nWo members, came to the aid of wrestlers once subjected to his loyalty test as they battled the nWo, and employed decoy "Stings" to play mind games with the nWo during the closing segments of Nitro. Sting's appearances to fight the nWo at the end of almost every Nitro helped WCW keep and widen its television ratings advantage over the WWF's Monday Night Raw throughout the summer. On-screen WCW commissioner James J. Dillon tried many times to get Sting to return to wrestling by making contracts to fight various nWo members, but Sting tore up the contracts because there was only one man he wanted: Hogan.

Sting and Hogan finally met in December at Starrcade for the World Championship. Hogan pinned Sting for the apparent win, but special guest referee Bret Hart reversed the decision, declaring referee Nick Patrick had made a "fast count." The match was restarted and Sting made Hogan submit to the Scorpion Deathlock for the WCW World Heavyweight Championship.[1] The next night on Nitro, Hogan protested the decision and a rematch was granted. The match ran over Nitro's allotted time slot and the finish was aired later in the week on the inaugural episode of WCW Thunder. Similar to the Starrcade result, two different referees declared the two different men as the winner. Later that night, Dillon vacated the WCW World Championship, forcing Sting to surrender the belt. Sting responded with his first words since October 1996 when he told Dillon, "You've got no guts!" Sting turned to Hogan and said, "And you... You're a dead man!"

As 1998 began, the nWo began to splinter. Sting recaptured the vacant WCW World Heavyweight Championship in February at SuperBrawl VIII with the help of Savage, who was beginning to split from the nWo. Sting went on to successfully defend the title against the likes of Hall, Nash, and Diamond Dallas Page (DDP). Like Savage, Nash began to pull away from the Hogan-dominated nWo, and Nash helped Savage beat Sting for the championship at Spring Stampede in April.

Sting (3-0) is one of only four wrestlers (The Rock, 3-0; Brock Lesnar, 1-0; and Goldberg, 1-0) to have defeated Hogan without losing to him in one-on-one matches.

Nash and Savage officially split from the original nWo on May 4, forming the face group nWo Wolfpac, while Hogan's heel faction became identified as nWo Hollywood. The two nWo factions vied for Sting's allegiance, with Sting's friends The Giant joining nWo Hollywood and Luger joining nWo Wolfpac. Sting seemed to have joined nWo Hollywood when he appeared wearing a black and white nWo shirt, but Sting soon tore off the shirt to reveal the red and black of the nWo Wolfpac. Sting began sporting red and black face paint and tights as a member of nWo Wolfpac.[1]

Sting and The Giant won the WCW World Tag Team Championship at Slamboree in May when Hall turned on his teammate Nash. Sting and The Giant also split, and the team was forced to vacate the title 18 days later. Sting then defeated The Giant at The Great American Bash in June to take control of the Tag Team titles and chose Nash as his partner. Throughout the summer, Sting and fellow nWo Wolfpac members Nash, Luger, and Konnan feuded with Hogan and nWo Hollywood. Sting also got involved in a feud with Hart over their similar finishing holds, the Sharpshooter and the Scorpion Deathlock. Hart cost Sting and Nash the Tag titles by interfering in their match with Hall and The Giant on the July 20 Nitro. Sting and Hart squared off at Halloween Havoc, where Hart, the United States Champion, attacked Sting with a baseball bat, kayfabe putting Sting out of action for several months.

1999–2001: A Final Run in WCW

Sting returned to Nitro in March 1999, sporting the black and white Crow-inspired attire he debuted in 1996. By this time, the nWo storyline had faded, and Sting was not aligned with any of its factions. Sting competed in the main event of April's Spring Stampede, a Four Corners match for the World Championship, against Hogan, DDP, and champion Flair. Savage served as special guest referee and delivered a diving elbow drop to help DDP win the match and the title.

Sting defeated Page on the April 26 edition of Nitro to win the WCW World Heavyweight Championship for the fifth time, Later that night, Sting defended the title in a four-way match featuring DDP, Goldberg, and a returning Nash. DDP pinned Nash, allowing DDP to win the title without directly beating Sting. Sting's 90-minute reign was the shortest World title reign in WCW history.

Over the next several months, Sting feuded with Goldberg, Rick Steiner, Vicious, and Savage. Sting teamed with WCW World Champion Nash at the Bash at the Beach in July to take on Vicious and Savage of Team Madness. Savage pinned Nash and won the World title as a result.

Hogan returned from injury July 12 as a face to win the World Championship. Sting defeated Flair on the July 19 edition of Nitro to become the on-screen president of WCW. Later that night, Nash turned heel by attacking Hogan during a title defense against Vicious. Sting remained president for just one week and used his power to book a main event pitting Hogan and himself against Nash and Vicious. Sting vacated the presidency the following week because he only wanted Flair out of the position rather than wanting the power for himself. Along with Goldberg, Sting and Hogan feuded with Nash, Vicious, and Rick Steiner for the next month.

Sting began to question Hogan's trustworthiness and credibility in the weeks leading up to Fall Brawl. At the September pay-per-view, Luger brought a baseball bat to the ring and Sting used it to beat Hogan for his sixth and final WCW World Heavyweight Championship. Sting's heel turn and subsequent attitude change did not resonate with the WCW fans.[1] They still cheered Sting despite the fact he was supposed to be the villain. At Halloween Havoc, Sting retained the title against Hogan after Hogan entered the ring in street clothes and laid down for Sting to pin him. Later that night, Sting lost an unsanctioned match to Goldberg and then attacked referee Charles Robinson. Sting was stripped of the title the next night for attacking the official.

Sting entered the 32-man tournament that was set up to award the vacant World title. Sting defeated Brian Knobbs, Meng, and Luger to reach the semi-finals to be held at WCW Mayhem. At the November event, Sting lost to Hart, the eventual winner of the tournament, after Luger hit Sting with a baseball bat. Sting, once again a fan favorite, sought revenge against Luger the next month at Starrcade. Sting won by disqualification when Luger and Elizabeth assaulted Sting with a steel chair and baseball bat, putting Sting out of action for some time. Sting ended his feud with Luger by defeating him in a Lumberjacks with Casts match at Uncensored 2000 the following March.

WCW officials Vince Russo and Eric Bischoff, in an attempt to save the fading company, rebooted the storylines on April 10, 2000, and declared all titles vacant. At Spring Stampede 2000 the following week, Sting advanced to the finals of the United States Championship tournament by defeating Booker T and Vampiro in the first two rounds. Vampiro cost Sting the championship in the finals against Scott Steiner, leading to an intense feud between Sting and Vampiro. Sting pinned Vampiro at Slamboree 2000 in May, and Vampiro beat Sting in a Human Torch match at The Great American Bash the next month; for the climax of the match, Borden switched with a stuntman, who was set on fire and thrown off a balcony.

Sting went on to feud with Jeff Jarrett and then Scott Steiner. Steiner attacked and kayfabe injured Sting in November 2000. Sting stayed off WCW programming until the final episode of Nitro on March 26, 2001. WCW had been purchased by the WWF, and the final match in WCW history pitted Sting against his longtime rival Flair; the two had also competed in the main event of the very first edition of Nitro on September 4, 1995. Sting defeated Flair and the two embraced at the end of the contest, ending WCW and the 13-year, on-again/off-again feud between the two men.[1]

Borden turned down a contract with the WWF, saying he "didn't trust how [Sting] was going to be used" by WWF Chairman Vince McMahon after seeing other former WCW employees having to "start from the bottom of the ladder again." Borden let his contract with AOL/Time Warner expire.

World Wrestling All-Stars (2002–2003)

Borden returned to professional wrestling in late 2002, touring Europe with the World Wrestling All-Stars (WWA) throughout November and December. Sting's first match in the WWA was November 28, 2002, in Dublin, Ireland. Sting teamed with Luger to defeat Buff Bagwell and Malice. Luger, with help from Jarrett, defeated Sting on December 6 in Glasgow, Scotland, to win the vacant WWA World Heavyweight Championship. Sting got revenge by beating Luger for the WWA World Heavyweight Championship in Zürich, Switzerland, on December 13.[1]

Sting toured Australia with the WWA in May 2003, successfully defending his championship against Rick Steiner, Douglas, and Disco Inferno. The WWA held its final show May 25 in Auckland, New Zealand. At the event, which aired June 8, 2003, on pay-per-view in the United States, NWA World Heavyweight Champion Jarrett, with assistance from Rick Steiner, defeated Sting to unify the titles.[1]

Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (2003–2010)

Debut and sporadic appearances (2003–2005)

File:Sting book.jpg
Moment of Truth

In 2003, Sting signed a contract committing him to four appearances with the Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) promotion. He debuted in TNA on the June 18 one year anniversary show, teaming with Jeff Jarrett to defeat A.J. Styles and Syxx Pac.[1] Following this, Borden engaged in a comprehensive series of sitdown interviews with Mike Tenay, discussing his career and his faith. Sting returned to TNA on November 5, 2003, defeating Jarrett by disqualification in a match for the NWA World Heavyweight Championship. On November 12, Sting teamed with A.J. Styles to defeat Jarrett and Lex Luger. He made his final TNA appearance of 2003 on December 17, defeating Jarrett in a non-title match.

On March 24, 2004, Borden was interviewed once again by Mike Tenay as part of the promotion for his direct-to-video biographical film, Sting: Moment of Truth, and on March 31, he returned to the company one night only as the special guest enforcer for the main-event, a 4 Way match between Abyss, A.J. Styles, Raven, and Ron Killings, which Raven won.

On December 11, 2005, at Turning Point, as Jeff Jarrett stood in the ring celebrating his victory, the lights in the arena went out, images of a scorpion—Sting's symbol—then appeared on the arena screens, along with the date "January 15, 2006." Spotlights then illuminated the ring, revealing that a chair bearing Sting's signature trench coat, boots, and black baseball bat had been placed in the center of the ring. His return to TNA was officially announced one minute after midnight on the January 1, 2006 episode of Impact!.

Return and feud with Jeff Jarrett (2006)

At Final Resolution, Sting and Christian Cage defeated NWA World Heavyweight Champion Jeff Jarrett and Monty Brown after Sting pinned Jeff Jarrett following the Scorpion Death Drop.[1] His heavily promoted return was greeted with chants of "welcome back" and "you've still got it" by the Orlando, Florida audience.[15] TNA later revealed that Final Resolution was "by far the most-purchased TNA pay-per-view event in company history, breaking all previous numbers". On the January 28, 2006 episode of Impact!, Sting made his Spike TV debut and first appearance on national television in almost five years, coming to the ring at the end of the show to make a "major announcement." Sting noted that he had never had a chance to properly say goodbye to his fans. He then announced that Final Resolution had been "his goodbye", before thanking the TNA management and the fans. Sting then dropped his bat, with a spotlight appearing over it, and left the ring, shaking hands with various TNA wrestlers on his way up the ramp. With Sting gone, the storyline continued with Jeff Jarrett and Eric Young worrying that Sting had not actually retired and sending Alex Shelley to California to videotape Sting at home. Sting discovered Shelley filming, then walked up to Shelley's car and told him that he was going to show up at Destination X and confront Jeff Jarrett as "Steve Borden." Clad in "street clothes" and without facepaint Borden returned at Destination X, saving Christian Cage and Rhino as they were attacked by Jarrett's Army. He placed Jarrett in the Scorpion Deathlock, but was attacked by the debuting Scott Steiner shortly thereafter.[1] In his first cable television match in five years, Sting defeated Eric Young on the April 13, 2006 episode of Impact!. After being attacked by Jarrett, Steiner, and America's Most Wanted. Sting was saved by A.J. Styles, Ron Killings, and Rhino, who he announced as his teammates in his Lethal Lockdown match with Jarrett's Army. At Lockdown, Sting, A.J. Styles, Ron Killings, and Rhino (billed as "Sting's Warriors") defeated Jarrett, Steiner, and America's Most Wanted after Chris Harris tapped out to the Scorpion Death Lock. Following Lockdown, Sting proceeded to seek out partners to help him defeat Jeff Jarrett and Scott Steiner for good. After bringing out Lex Luger, Buff Bagwell, and Rick Steiner as options, he settled on Samoa Joe. At Sacrifice, Sting and Samoa Joe defeated Jarrett and Steiner when Joe pinned Jarrett with a Muscle Buster.[1] Still having proven unsuccessful at putting Jarrett away, Sting defeated Scott Steiner by disqualification to earn as spot in the King of the Mountain match at Slammiversary. Due to a confrontation with Christian Cage during the match, Sting was distracted, allowing crooked referee Earl Hebner to knock over the ladder both were on, sending both to the floor and allowing Jarrett to win. At Victory Road in July, a four-man Number One Contender match was held for a shot at Jeff Jarrett for the NWA World Heavyweight Championship. During the match, Jeff Jarrett, disguised as a cameraman came into the ring with a bottle of gasoline and squirt it into Sting's eyes. Sting was taken by security into the back and as a result, taken out of the running for the number one contender match. As it continued as a 3-man contest, Sting returned to the ring with his head wrapped in bandages. After performing the Scorpion Death Drop on Scott Steiner, Sting pinned Steiner and won the number one contendership. After a confrontation with Christian Cage in the ring right after the match, they both shook hands, and Cage showed his respect for Sting. On August 13, 2006 at Hard Justice, however, Sting failed to win the NWA World Heavyweight Championship losing to Jeff Jarrett after Christian Cage turned heel and hit Sting with Jarrett's guitar. On the August 17, 2006 edition of Impact!, Sting stated that he wanted a rematch with Jeff Jarrett at Bound for Glory, TNA's biggest pay-per view of the year. Jarrett accepted the match, with the implication that Sting put his career on the line, a stipulation Sting accepted. Sting then retreated to train for what could have been his final match. Meanwhile Impact! began showing videos of Sting going through a so-called transformation with many biblical references. On October 22, 2006, in a Title vs. Career match at the Bound for Glory PPV, Sting returned debuting his new look, a hybrid of his surfer, crow, and nWo Wolfpac styles, looking much leaner physically. He went on to claim his second NWA World Heavyweight title when Jarrett submitted to the Scorpion Deathlock marking the first major championship title Sting had won since 1999.[1] With that victory, Sting became the oldest NWA World Heavyweight Champion of the TNA era, as well as the only person to ever win the title both before and after the inception of TNA.

Feud with Abyss, James Mitchell and Christian Cage (2006–2007)

He lost the title to "The Monster" Abyss at Genesis by disqualification after pushing aside the referee and pushing Abyss into a stack of tables covered in barbed wire.[1] In the weeks following Genesis, Sting's feud with Abyss continued as he tried to get in Abyss' head by telling him he was being used by his satanic manager James Mitchell. Abyss was visibly affected by this, but remained by Mitchell's side. Sting's former friend Christian Cage and his bodyguard Tomko were also thrown in the mix, with Cage claiming he knew a dark secret in Abyss' past. The three finally met in a Three Way match for the NWA World Heavyweight title at Turning Point, with Abyss retaining the title.[1] After Turning Point, Sting continued to try to convince Abyss he was nothing but a machine for Mitchell, and he got so far into Abyss that Abyss grabbed Mitchell by the throat, almost chokeslamming him on an edition of Impact!, but ultimately convinced himself not to.

Sting, without face paint, at a TNA event

As 2007 came along, Sting continued his feud with Abyss while trying to recapture the NWA World Heavyweight Championship. At Final Resolution, Sting faced off against Abyss and Christian Cage for the NWA World Heavyweight Championship but failed to win back the championship. On the January 24, 2007 edition of Impact!, Sting revealed after going through public records that Abyss shot his own father three times in the back, sending him into a coma. During the ensuing brawl throughout the Impact! Zone between Sting and Abyss, James Mitchell burned Sting's face with a fireball, sending Sting to the hospital. Sting, however, returned to defeat Abyss at Against All Odds in a "Prison Yard" match, and also would once again defeat Abyss at Destination X in a "Last Rites" match. On the March 22 edition of Impact!, Sting teamed with his enemy Abyss to face Christian Cage and A.J. Styles. During the match, Mitchell returned with a woman who Abyss recognized. Abyss then left with Mitchell and the woman, leaving Sting alone to fight Cage and Styles. The following week on Impact!, during a meeting between Sting and James Mitchell, it was revealed that the woman was Abyss' mother, and that she was the one who had actually shot Abyss' father, but Abyss took the blame to protect his mother. Later in the night, it was announced Abyss was added to the Lethal Lockdown match at Lockdown as part of Team Cage while Sting ended up joining Team Angle. At Lockdown, Sting (with the help of Jeff Jarrett) pinned Abyss to win the match and in the process end their bitter rivalry.

NWA title contender and feud with Daniels (2007)

Due to his win, he was supposed to be facing Christian Cage for the NWA World Heavyweight Championship at Sacrifice, but the next week on Impact!, Kurt Angle challenged Sting for his number one contendership. After Team Cage interfered in the match, it was revealed that at Sacrifice there would be a three way match for the NWA World Heavyweight Championship between Sting, Kurt Angle, and Christian Cage. In the match, Sting tapped out to the Ankle Lock while pinning Cage (technically making him the first superstar to pin or force Cage to submit in TNA), so the title was vacated. After Christopher Daniels attacked Sting near the end his King of the Mountain qualifying match with Samoa Joe costing him the match, he began a short feud with "The Fallen Angel." At Slammiversary, Sting defeated Daniels with the Scorpion Death Drop.

Teaming with Abyss and feud with Christian Cage (2007)

After his feud with Daniels, Sting began teaming up with his former enemy, Abyss (who had recently turned face). Together at Victory Road, they defeated A.J. Styles and Tomko. While trying to help Abyss to win a match against A.J. Styles, Sting and Abyss were attacked by Christian's Coalition. Abyss was pulled under the ring and Sting was slammed into broken glass by Tomko, before Abyss emerged bleeding badly and was slammed into the broken glass and thumbtacks. The next week, Sting and Abyss got revenge by defeating Christian and A.J. Styles in a ladder match, in the process earning a contract that allowed them to pick the type of match between Abyss and Christian at Hard Justice. It was announced via TNA mobile that Abyss had selected "Doomsday Chamber of Blood" match. Sting's team won, with his partner Abyss pinning A.J. Styles to become the number one contender for the TNA World Heavyweight Championship.

Teaming and feuding with Kurt Angle (2007)

On the August 30 edition of Impact!, Sting defeated Samoa Joe, A.J. Styles, and Christian Cage in a Four-Way match to become the co-holder of the TNA World Tag Team Championship with Kurt Angle. Yet after only thirteen days, Sting and Angle lost the titles to Adam "Pacman" Jones and Ron "The Truth" Killings at No Surrender. During the match, Karen Angle claimed that Sting had slapped her. This led to a falling out between Sting and Kurt Angle and on the first two hour edition of Impact!, Kurt Angle was shown via satellite (kayfabe) stalking and assaulting Sting's son Garrett. It was announced that Sting would face Kurt Angle for the TNA World Heavyweight Championship at Bound for Glory. The match was billed as return to his roots for Sting, who enjoyed enormous popularity and success in the Atlanta based World Championship Wrestling earlier in his career. At Bound for Glory, Sting overcame interference by both Karen Angle and Kevin Nash to pin Kurt Angle after a Scorpion Death Drop to win the TNA World Heavyweight Championship. Sting lost the championship back to Kurt Angle on the October 25 edition of Impact (taped October 16). During the match, Kevin Nash came out and got a chair and sat down to watch; while outside of the ring, Kurt pushed Sting on to Kevin, and Sting turned around and gave Nash a right hand shot, which led to Nash interfering on Angle's behalf, which led to Angle winning the match and the title. Sting then challenged Angle to a rematch at Genesis in a tag team match. Angle was forced to Kevin Nash as his partner, while Sting's partner was a mystery until during the event where his partner was revealed to be Booker T. In the match, whoever scored the pinfall would win the TNA World Championship. Kurt Angle retained the TNA World Championship by pinning Sting. This would be the final TNA appearance of Sting in 2007 as he would take some time off to be with his family.

Return (2008)

On the March 20 edition of Impact!, after a brawl between members of both Team Cage and Team Tomko, a promo aired at the end of the show indicating that Sting would return the next week on the first-ever live Impact! episode. Sting then made his official return on March 27, announcing that he would be a part of Team Cage for the Lethal Lockdown match at Lockdown. Later on the show, he teamed with members of Team Cage (Christian Cage, Kevin Nash, Rhino, and Matt Morgan) and defeated Team Tomko (Tomko, A.J. Styles, James Storm, and Team 3D) in a 5-man tag team match. Morgan was added when James Storm attacked Sting with a glass bottle after the match. Sting, however, later gained revenge by defeating Storm when Morgan threw him his baseball bat. Morgan then ripped off his referee shirt and revealed a Team Cage shirt, thus becoming the fifth member. At Lockdown, Team Cage defeated Team Tomko when Rhino Gored Storm to get the pinfall.[16] After the tag titles were vacated, Jim Cornette held a Duces Wild Tag Team Tournament to determine new champs. Four teams were already in the Sacrifice finals, while Cornette named eight wrestlers as the "Egotistical 8". Sting's partner was James Storm. At Sacrifice, they came up short due to not being able to get along, and towards the end, Sting slammed James on the mat and walked out. Sting was not seen after that except in an interview which talked about his career and his eventual retirement.[citation needed]

Main Event Mafia (2008–2009)

Sting at Bound for Glory IV

At Victory Road, Booker T faced Samoa Joe for the TNA World Title. During the match, Sting tried to talk sense into Joe, as he was brutally beating Booker T, potentially towards a disqualification.[17] Joe rebuked him, and Sting struck him with his trademark black baseball bat.[17] Over the coming weeks, the feud between Joe and Booker intensified, with episodes ending with Booker T or Sharmell striking Samoa Joe with Sting's trademark bat as Impact! went off the air, leading to a question of whether Sting had turned on Samoa Joe and became a heel (although receiving a face reaction), Sting sided with Booker T. At Hard Justice, Sting attacked A.J. Styles after he and Kurt Angle wrestled a Last Man Standing match.[18] Sting later admitted to why he attacked Joe and Styles by saying that the younger generation needed to learn about respecting veterans like Angle, Booker, and himself. He declared that he wouldn't retire until he had accomplished this mission. This led to mixed fan reactions, and sparked a feud between him and TNA World Heavyweight Champion Samoa Joe, as well as Jeff Jarrett who arrived to aid Samoa Joe and A.J. Styles by giving them his guitar as Sting had done with his bat.

At Bound for Glory IV, Sting challenged Samoa Joe for the TNA World Heavyweight Championship and was successful in claiming the title, after Kevin Nash returned and hit Joe with Sting's baseball bat. On October 23, Sting joined The Main Event Mafia (Kurt Angle, Booker T, Sharmell, Kevin Nash, Scott Steiner, and himself) and by doing so, he fully turned heel for the first time in years, although Sting not participating in sneak attacks and getting crowd pops would make him a tweener(neutral character). He successfully defended the championship for 189 days, his longest world title reign for any organization. During this title reign, Sting made successful title defenses against the likes of AJ Styles, Rhino, Kurt Angle, and both members of Team 3D. At Lockdown 2009, he lost the title to Mick Foley inside the Six Sides of Steel. At Sacrifice, he pinned Kurt Angle to become the new Godfather of the Main Event Mafia. However, on the episode of Impact! following Slammiversary Sting was scripted to be attacked by his fellow Main Event Mafia members. The following week, he took his revenge upon the mafia, when he attacked every member of the group and stole Angle's world heavyweight championship belt, becoming a fully fledged face as a result. At Victory Road, Sting faced Samoa Joe in a singles match. Later in the match, Taz made his TNA debut and helped Joe beat Sting. Sting then went on to challenge for the TNA World Heavyweight Championship in a triple threat match with Matt Morgan and Kurt Angle at Hard Justice. At No Surrender, Sting lost a five-way match for the TNA World Heavyweight Championship that also included Angle, Styles, Hernandez, and Matt Morgan. Instead of pinning Angle, he opted to attack Morgan, to allow Styles to pin Angle and become the new World Heavyweight Champion.[19] As a token of gratitude, Styles offered to give him a title shot at the following month's PPV Bound for Glory in a match billed as possibly being Sting's retirement match.[20] At the PPV, Styles defeated Sting to retain his title. After the match he announced that he didn't know whether he would continue his career or not, Saying that "the way you fans are reacting right now, makes me wanna stay forever!"[21] At the end of the year the match was voted the match of the year by the fans of TNA.[22]

Deception, departure (2010)

Sting's new look in July 2010

On the January 4, 2010, live-three hour, Monday night edition of Impact! Sting returned to the Impact! Zone appearing in the rafters of the arena.[23] Sting reappeared two months later on March 8, appearing as he was going to help a bloodied Hulk Hogan and Abyss during a match at the beginning of the show against A.J. Styles and Ric Flair. Instead he swung his baseball bat on Hogan and Abyss, turning Sting heel as a result.[24] He was later defeated by the debuting Rob Van Dam. Sting would continuously attack Van Dam with his bat after the match, completing his heel turn.[24] On the March 22 edition of Impact! Sting was announced as the captain of Team Flair in the annual Lethal Lockdown match, where they would meet Team Hogan, captained by Abyss.[25] At Lockdown Team Flair (Sting, Desmond Wolfe, Robert Roode and James Storm) were defeated by Team Hogan (Abyss, Jeff Jarrett, Rob Van Dam and Jeff Hardy).[26] On May 3, Sting explained his actions to Hogan and was later attacked from behind by Jeff Jarrett.[27] At Sacrifice Sting assaulted Jarrett prior to their match and then dragged him in to the ring, where he managed to score a pinfall in seconds over his bloodied opponent, leaving him injured.[28] On the following edition of Impact! the TNA Championship Committee ranked Sting number one in the rankings and as a result he was granted a shot at Rob Van Dam's World Heavyweight Championship at Slammiversary VIII. Sting then attacked Eric Bischoff with his baseball bat, literally biting the hand that fed him.[29] Sting later promised that he would reveal the motives behind his actions after winning the World Heavyweight Championship.[30] At Slammiversary VIII Jeff Jarrett made his return and cost Sting his title match against Rob Van Dam.[30] After assaulting Jarrett from behind on the June 24 edition of Impact!, TNA president Dixie Carter suspended Sting for 30 days without pay the following week.[31][32] Sting returned from his suspension on the August 5 edition of Impact!, wearing his nWo Wolfpac red face paint, and helping Kevin Nash, who had backed him up during his suspension, beat down Jarrett, Eric Bischoff and Hulk Hogan.[33] On the September 2 edition of Impact! Sting defeated Jarrett in a singles match, after an interference from Nash. After the match Samoa Joe aligned himself with Jarrett and Hogan and drove Sting and Nash away.[34] At No Surrender Joe and Jarrett defeated Sting and Nash in a tag team match, after Jarrett hit Sting with his own baseball bat.[35] On the September 16 edition of Reaction, Sting and Nash were joined by D'Angelo Dinero,[36] who claimed to have gotten inside information from Bischoff's secretary Miss Tessmacher, that would suggest that Sting and Nash were right about Hogan and Bischoff being up to something.[37]

At Bound for Glory Sting, Nash and Dinero faced Jeff Jarrett and Samoa Joe in a handicap match, after Hulk Hogan, who was slated to team with Jarrett and Joe, was forced to pull out due to a back surgery. At the end of the match Jarrett abandoned Joe, and Sting, Nash, and Dinero tried to tell Joe this was what they were saying all along. Joe fought them anyway and ended up pinned by Nash. At the end of the event it was revealed that Sting had been right about Hogan and Bischoff all along, as they turned heel with Jarrett and Jeff Hardy as Abyss's "they", and in the process turned Sting, Nash and Dinero back to being faces.[38] On the following edition of Impact!, Sting and Nash refused to join Hogan and Bischoff and walked out on TNA and Dixie Carter, noting that they had tried to warn her that Hogan and Bischoff would try to take over the company for their own gain, but she hadn't listened.[39] His contract with TNA has since then expired.

Sting have a contract with WWE.

Personal life

Borden became a born-again Christian in August 1998.[40] He and his wife Sue have two sons, Garrett, who was born on April 29, 1990 and Steven and a daughter named Gracie who was born in January 2000. [41]

Both of Borden's sons play college football. His eldest son, Garrett attends Azusa Pacific University where he plays running back. His youngest son, Steven, played Quarterback at Santa Clarita Christian.[42]

In wrestling

Sting performing a diving DDT on Samoa Joe

Championships and accomplishments

Sting with the TNA World Heavyweight Championship belt

1Won while the NWA World Heavyweight Title was defended in World Championship Wrestling when WCW was part of the National Wrestling Alliance. The same goes for any other NWA championship or honor won after November 1988.
2This tag-team title reign was actually one continuous reign, as Sting and Giant won the titles while Giant was aligned with nWo Hollywood. Sting defeated Giant for his half of the tag titles and named Nash his partner afterwards.
3Won while TNA obtained the sole rights to use the NWA World Heavyweight Championship through an agreement with the NWA.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa "Wrestling Timeline: Sting". The Wrestler/Inside Wrestling. Kappa Publications. 2007-06. pp. 66–71. Volume 15, 2007. {{cite news}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Check date values in: |date= (help)
  2. ^ a b c d "Sting's bio". SLAM sports. Retrieved 2008-08-19.
  3. ^ a b c d e "Sting official TNA profile". Total Nonstop Action Wrestling. Archived from the original on 2008-04-23. Retrieved 2011-02-08.
  4. ^ a b c d "Sting profile". Online World of Wrestling. Retrieved 2008-08-13.
  5. ^ http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/2009/05/26/wrestler-of-the-week-sting/
  6. ^ http://www.thehistoryofwwe.com/nitro6-3-96review.htm
  7. ^ World Championship Wrestling. WCW: The Ultimate Guide. DK Books. 2000. (p.130)
  8. ^ http://prowrestling.about.com/od/tnawrestlers/p/sting.htm
  9. ^ http://www.wrestlersramblings.com/index.php/category/jack-attacks/
  10. ^ a b "Pro Wrestling Illustrated Award Winners Most Popular Wrestler of the Year". Wrestling Information Archive. Retrieved 2008-06-26.
  11. ^ Molinaro, page 196.
  12. ^ Molinaro, page 197.
  13. ^ RoboCopArchive.com
  14. ^ Foley, Mick. Have a Nice Day: A Tale of Blood and Sweatsocks (p.223)
  15. ^ Brady, Hicks. "2006: The year in wrestling". 2007 Wrestling Almanac and book of facts. Kappa Publications. p. 16. 2007 Edition. {{cite news}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  16. ^ Sokol, Chris (2008-04-18). "TNA Lockdown:Joe captures gold". Canadian Online Explorer. Retrieved 2008-07-09.
  17. ^ a b Meltzer, Dave. "TNA Victory Road PPV report". Wrestling Observer/Figure Four Online. Retrieved 2008-08-13.
  18. ^ "Hard Justice Pay-Per-View Results". TNAWrestling.com. Archived from the original on August 22, 2008. Retrieved 2008-08-11.
  19. ^ Caldwell, James (2009-09-20). "Caldwell's TNA No Surrender PPV Report 9/20: Ongoing "virtual time" coverage of Kurt Angle vs. Sting vs. Matt Morgan vs. A.J. Styles". PWTorch. Retrieved 2009-10-20.
  20. ^ "Impact: Bound for Glory takes shape". SLAM! Sports. Retrieved 2009-10-20.
  21. ^ Caldwell, James (2009-10-20). "Caldwell's TNA Bound for Glory PPV Report 10/18: Ongoing "virtual time" coverage of the second-half of the show with Styles vs. Sting". PWTorch. Retrieved 2009-10-18.
  22. ^ a b Boutwell, Josh (2010-01-01). "Impact Results - 12/31/09". WrestleView. Retrieved 2010-01-01.
  23. ^ Keller, Wade (2009-01-04). "Keller's TNA Impact Live Report 1/4: Jeff Hardy, NWO reunion, Hulk Hogan, TNA Knockout Title match, more surprises - ongoing coverage". PWTorch. Retrieved 2010-01-05.
  24. ^ a b Keller, Wade (2010-03-08). "TNA IMPACT RESULTS 3/8: Keller's live ongoing report covering the historic beginning of Monday Night War II". PWTorch. Retrieved 2010-03-09.
  25. ^ Wilkenfeld, Daniel (2009-10-22). "WILKENFELD'S TNA IMPACT REPORT 3/22: Ongoing "virtual time" coverage of Spike TV broadcast". PWTorch. Retrieved 2009-10-23.
  26. ^ Caldwell, James (2010-04-18). "Caldwell's TNA Lockdown Results 4/18: Ongoing "virtual time" coverage of PPV - Styles vs. The Pope, Team Hogan vs. Team Flair, Angle vs. Anderson". Pro Wrestling Torch. Retrieved 2010-04-18.
  27. ^ Keller, Wade (2010-05-03). "TNA Impact Results 5/3: Keller's ongoing "virtual time" coverage of live show from Orlando". Pro Wrestling Torch. Retrieved 2010-05-16.
  28. ^ Caldwell, James (2010-05-16). "Caldwell's TNA Sacrifice results 5/16: Ongoing "virtual time" coverage of PPV - RVD vs. Styles, Jeff Hardy vs. Mr. Anderson". Pro Wrestling Torch. Retrieved 2010-05-16.
  29. ^ Keller, Wade (2010-05-20). "TNA Impact results 5/20: Keller's ongoing "virtual time" coverage of show on Spike TV including Top Ten Contenders revealed". Pro Wrestling Torch. Retrieved 2010-05-21.
  30. ^ a b Caldwell, James (2010-06-13). "Caldwell's TNA Slammiversary results 6/13: Ongoing "virtual time" coverage of live PPV - RVD vs. Sting, Hardy & Anderson, "nice surprise"". Pro Wrestling Torch. Retrieved 2010-06-13.
  31. ^ Wilkenfeld, Daniel (2010-06-24). "Wilkenfeld's TNA Impact report 6/24: Ongoing "virtual time" coverage of Spike TV broadcast". Pro Wrestling Torch. Retrieved 2010-07-02.
  32. ^ Keller, Wade (2010-07-01). "TNA Impact rseults 7/1: Keller's ongoing "virtual time" coverage of Spike TV show - Abyss vs. Hardy, RVD refs". Pro Wrestling Torch. Retrieved 2010-07-02.
  33. ^ Wilkenfeld, Daniel (2010-08-05). "Wilkenfeld's TNA Impact report 8/5: Ongoing "virtual time" coverage of Spike TV broadcast". Pro Wrestling Torch. Retrieved 2010-08-05.
  34. ^ Wilkenfeld, Daniel (2010-09-02). "Wilkenfeld's TNA Impact report 9/02: Ongoing "virtual time" coverage of Spike TV broadcast (updated)". Pro Wrestling Torch. Retrieved 2010-09-03.
  35. ^ Caldwell, James (2010-09-05). "Caldwell's TNA No Surrender PPV results 9/5: Ongoing "virtual time" coverage of live PPV - Angle vs. Hardy, Pope vs. Anderson". Pro Wrestling Torch. Retrieved 2010-09-05.
  36. ^ Caldwell, James (2010-09-16). "Caldwell's TNA Reaction TV report 9/16: Complete "virtual time" coverage of show following Impact". Pro Wrestling Torch. Retrieved 2010-09-17.
  37. ^ Boutwell, Josh (2010-09-24). "Impact Results - 9/23/10". WrestleView. Retrieved 2010-10-11.
  38. ^ Caldwell, James (2010-10-10). "Caldwell's TNA Bound for Glory PPV results 10-10-10: Ongoing "virtual time" coverage of live PPV - Angle vs. Anderson vs. Hardy, "they" reveal". Pro Wrestling Torch. Retrieved 2010-10-10.
  39. ^ Wilkenfeld, Daniel (2010-10-14). "Wilkenfeld's TNA Impact report 10/14: Complete "virtual time" coverage of Spike TV's live broadcast". Pro Wrestling Torch. Retrieved 2010-10-15.
  40. ^ "Sting Unmasked!". PURORESU.com NEW MAN Magazine. 2000-06. Retrieved 2010-11-26. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  41. ^ "Sting' Out of the Ring". CBN.com. 2004-11-15. Retrieved 2010-11-26.
  42. ^ "No. 38 – Garrett Borden". APU.edu. 2010-11-25. Retrieved 2010-11-25.
  43. ^ a b c d e f World Championship Wrestling (1995-08-06). "Sting & Road Warrior Hawk Vs. Meng & Kurasawa". WCW Clash of the Champions XXXI.
  44. ^ a b c World Championship Wrestling TNT (1998-09-14). "Sting vs Goldberg". WCW Monday Nitro.
  45. ^ a b World Championship Wrestling (1999-05-09). "Sting Vs. Goldberg". WCW Slamboree.
  46. ^ World Championship Wrestling (1994-11-16). "3 Faces of Fear Vs. Hogan, Sting and Dave Sullivan". WCW Clash of the Champions.
  47. ^ World Championship Wrestling TNT (1999-11-08). "Sting Vs. Goldberg". WCW Monday Nitro.
  48. ^ World Championship Wrestling (1999-10-24). "Sting Vs. Goldberg". WCW Halloween Havoc.
  49. ^ Gerweck, Steve (2010-06-17). "Sting and Angle unveil their JAKKS action figures". WrestleView. Retrieved 2010-07-09.
  50. ^ "Highlights From Thursday's "iMPACT!"". Total Nonstop Action Wrestling. Retrieved 2010-07-09.
  51. ^ "Sting (Slay Me)". The American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  52. ^ a b "NWA World Heavyweight Title history". Wrestling-titles.com. Retrieved 2008-06-26.
  53. ^ "NWA/WCW World Television Title history". Wrestling-titles.com. Retrieved 2008-06-26.
  54. ^ "WCW International World Heavyweight Title history". Wrestling-titles.com. Retrieved 2008-06-26.
  55. ^ "NWA/WCW United States Heayvweight Title history". Retrieved 2008-06-26. {{cite web}}: Text "Wrestling-titles.com" ignored (help)
  56. ^ "WCW World Heavyweight Title history". Wrestling-titles.com. Retrieved 2008-06-26.
  57. ^ "WCW World Tag Team Title history". Wrestling-titles.com. Retrieved 2008-06-26.
  58. ^ "Battlebowl history".
  59. ^ "WCW European Cup history".
  60. ^ "King of Cable Tournament history".
  61. ^ "Pro Wrestling Illustrated Award Winners Comeback of the Year". Wrestling Information Archive. Retrieved 2008-06-26.
  62. ^ "Pro Wrestling Illustrated Award Winners Match of the Year". Wrestling Information Archive. Retrieved 2008-06-26.
  63. ^ "Pro Wrestling Illustrated Award Winners Most Improved Wrestler of the Year". Wrestling Information Archive. Retrieved 2008-06-26.
  64. ^ "Pro Wrestling Illustrated Award Winners Inspirational Wrestler of the Year". Wrestling Information Archive. Retrieved 2008-06-26.
  65. ^ "Pro Wrestling Illustrated Award Winners Wrestler of the Year". Wrestling Information Archive. Retrieved 2008-06-26.
  66. ^ "Pro Wrestling Illustrated Top 500 - 1992". Wrestling Information Archive. Retrieved 2008-06-26.
  67. ^ "Pro Wrestling Illustrated's Top 500 Wrestlers of the PWI Years". Wrestling Information Archive. Retrieved 2009-03-26.
  68. ^ "Pro Wrestling Illustrated's Top 100 Tag Teams of the PWI Years". Wrestling Information Archive. Retrieved 2009-03-10.
  69. ^ TNA World Heavyweight Title history At wrestling-titles.com
  70. ^ "TNA World Tag Team Title history". Retrieved 2008-06-26. {{cite web}}: Text "Wrestling-titles.com" ignored (help)
  71. ^ "The UWF Tag Team Championship". Wrestling-Titles.com. Retrieved 2008-06-26.
  72. ^ Palma, Richard. "WWAS - World Wrestling All-Stars World Heavyweight Title". Solie. Retrieved 2008-06-26.

Notes

  • Mick Foley (2000). Have a Nice Day: A Tale of Blood and Sweatsocks. HarperCollins. p. 511. ISBN 0061031011.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Steve Borden.

Template:Persondata

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sting_(wrestler)&oldid=413360071"