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Justin Trudeau
BA (McGill) BEd (UBC) MP
File:INC 2009 Justin Trudeau.jpg
Member of Parliament
for Papineau
Incumbent
Assumed office
October 14, 2008
Preceded byVivian Barbot
Personal details
Born
Justin Pierre James Trudeau

(1971-12-25) December 25, 1971 (age 52)
Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Political partyLiberal
SpouseSophie Grégoire
RelationsPierre Trudeau, father (1919-2000)
Margaret Trudeau, mother
Alexandre Trudeau, brother
Michel Trudeau, brother (1975-1998)
Sarah Coyne, half-sister
James Sinclair, maternal grandfather
ChildrenXavier James Trudeau
Ella-Grace Margaret Trudeau
Residence(s)Montreal, Quebec
Alma materMcGill University
University of British Columbia
OccupationTeacher
Websitejustin.ca

Justin Pierre James Trudeau, MP, (born (1971-12-25)December 25, 1971) is a Canadian politician who has served as Member of Parliament for the riding of Papineau since 2008. He is the leader of the Liberal Party of Canada. Following his re-election in 2011, he was appointed as the Liberal Party critic for Post Secondary Education, Youth and Amateur Sport. Trudeau is the eldest son of Margaret Trudeau and former Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau.

Early life and time before entering politics

Trudeau was born on December 25, 1971, in Ottawa, Ontario,[1] to Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau and Margaret Trudeau (née Sinclair). He was the second child in Canadian history to be born when one of his parents was prime minister; the first was John A. Macdonald's youngest daughter Margaret Mary Macdonald, and Trudeau's younger brothers Alexandre (Sacha) (born December 25, 1973) and Michel (1975–98) were the third and fourth.[2][3] Trudeau's maternal grandfather, James Sinclair, served as Minister of Fisheries in the cabinet of Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent.[4]

Trudeau's parents separated in 1977, when Trudeau was six years old, and his father retired as prime minister in 1984.[5] Of his mother and father's marriage, Trudeau said in 2009, "They loved each other incredibly, passionately, completely. But there was 30 years between them and my mom never was an equal partner in what encompassed my father's life, his duty, his country."[6]

After leaving politics Pierre Trudeau raised his children in relative privacy in Montreal. In 2008, Trudeau said that of all his early family outings he enjoyed camping with his father the most, because "that was where our father got to be just our father – a dad in the woods."[7] Trudeau actively supported the Liberal Party from a young age, offering his support to party leader John Turner in the 1988 federal election.[8] Two years later, he defended Canadian federalism at a student event at the Collège Jean-de-Brébeuf.[9]

Trudeau emerged as a prominent figure in October 2000, after delivering a eulogy at his father's state funeral.[10] The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) received numerous calls to rebroadcast the speech after its initial transmission, and leading Quebec politician Claude Ryan described it as "perhaps [...] the first manifestation of a dynasty."[11] A book issued by the CBC in 2003 included the speech in its list of significant Canadian events from the past fifty years.[12]

Trudeau and his wife Sophie Grégoire at the Toronto International Film Festival.

Trudeau has a Bachelor of Arts degree in literature from McGill University and a Bachelor of Education degree from the University of British Columbia. After graduation, he worked as a social studies and French teacher at West Point Grey Academy and Sir Winston Churchill Secondary School in Vancouver, British Columbia.[13] From 2002 to 2004, he studied engineering at the Université de Montréal.[14] He also started a Master of Arts degree in Environmental Geography at McGill University before suspending his program to seek public office.[15]

On May 28, 2005, Trudeau married Sophie Grégoire, a former model and Quebec television host. They have two children.[16][17]

In 2006, Trudeau had a cameo in the two-part CBC miniseries The Great War; he portrayed Talbot Mercer Papineau (1883–1917).[18] Papineau was killed in action in Ypres, Belgium, and was among Canada's first Rhodes Scholars.[19]

Trudeau is one of several children of former prime ministers who have become Canadian media personalities. The others are Ben Mulroney (son of Brian Mulroney), Catherine Clark (daughter of Joe Clark), and Trudeau's younger brother, Alexandre.[20] Despite their fathers' animosity towards each other, Ben Mulroney was a guest at Trudeau's wedding in 2005.[21]

Advocacy

Trudeau has used his public status to promote various causes. He and his family started the Kokanee Glacier Alpine Campaign for winter sports safety in 2000, two years after his brother Michel Trudeau died in an avalanche during a ski trip.[22] In 2002, Trudeau criticized the British Columbia government's decision to stop its funding for a public avalanche warning system.[23]

From left to right is; Trudeau, Darfurian refugee Tragi Mustafa, an unknown female, and Roméo Dallaire

Trudeau chaired the Katimavik youth program, a project started by longtime family friend Jacques Hébert, from 2002 to 2006.[24] In 2002–03, he was a panelist on CBC Radio's Canada Reads series, where he championed The Colony of Unrequited Dreams by Wayne Johnston.[25] Trudeau and his brother Alexandre inaugurated the Trudeau Centre for Peace and Conflict Studies at the University of Toronto in April 2004; the centre later became a part of the Munk School of Global Affairs.[26] In 2006, he hosted the Giller Prize for literature.[27]

In 2005, Trudeau fought against a proposed $100-million zinc mine that he argued would poison the Nahanni River, a United Nations World Heritage Site located in the Northwest Territories. He was quoted as saying, "The river is an absolutely magnificent, magical place. I'm not saying mining is wrong [...] but that is not the place for it. It's just the wrong thing to be doing."[28]

On September 17, 2006, Trudeau was the master of ceremonies at a Toronto rally organized by Roméo Dallaire that called for Canadian participation in resolving the Darfur crisis.[29]

Politics

Trudeau became more involved with the Liberal Party throughout the 2000s. Along with Olympian Charmaine Crooks, he co-hosted a tribute to outgoing prime minister Jean Chrétien at the party's 2003 leadership convention and was later appointed to chair a task force on youth renewal after the party's defeat in the 2006 federal election.[30][31]

Trudeau at the 2006 leadership convention

In October 2006, Trudeau criticized Quebec nationalism by describing political nationalism generally as an "old idea from the 19th century", "based on a smallness of thought" and not relevant to modern Quebec. This comment was seen as a criticism of Michael Ignatieff, then a candidate in the 2006 Liberal Party leadership election, who was promoting recognition of Quebec as a nation.[32] Trudeau subsequently wrote a public letter on the subject, describing the idea of Quebec nationhood as "against everything my father ever believed."[33]

Trudeau announced his support for leadership candidate Gerard Kennedy shortly before the 2006 convention and introduced Kennedy during the candidates' final speeches.[34] When Kennedy dropped off after the second ballot, Trudeau went with him to support the ultimate winner, Stéphane Dion.[35][36]

Rumours circulated in early 2007 that Trudeau would run in a by-election in the Montreal riding of Outremont, but he instead announced that he would seek the Liberal nomination in Papineau for the next general election.[37][38] He won the nomination on April 29, 2007, defeating two well-known municipal politicians.[39] On election day, Trudeau narrowly defeated one-term Bloc Québécois incumbent Vivian Barbot.[40]

Following the election, Edward Greenspon, editor-in-chief of The Globe and Mail, noted that Trudeau would "be viewed as few other rookie MPs are—as a potential future prime minister—and scrutinized through that lens."[7]

Member of Parliament

The Conservative Party won a minority government in the 2008 election, and Trudeau entered parliament as a member of the Official Opposition. Stéphane Dion resigned as Liberal leader shortly after the election, and rumours circulated that Trudeau, despite his inexperience, could become a candidate to succeed him.[41] Trudeau responded that he was not interested in seeking the position so early in his career.[42] In December 2008, Michael Ignatieff was acclaimed as the party's new leader.

Trudeau was the first member of the 40th Parliament of Canada to introduce a private member's motion, in which he called for a "national voluntary service policy for young people". The proposal won support from parliamentarians across party lines.[43] He later co-chaired the Liberal Party's April 2009 national convention in Vancouver, and in October of the same year he was appointed as the party's critic for multiculturalism and youth.[44] In September 2010, he was reassigned as critic for youth, citizenship, and immigration.[45] He was critical of the Harper government's human smuggling legislation, which he argued would penalize the victims of smuggling.[46]

He encouraged a strong Canadian relief effort after the 2010 Haiti earthquake, and sought more accessible immigration procedures for Haitians moving to Canada in the time of crisis. His own riding includes a significant Haitian community.[47]

Trudeau was re-elected in Papineau in the 2011 Canadian federal election, as the Liberal Party fell to third-party standing in the House of Commons with only thirty-four seats. Ignatieff resigned as party leader immediately after the election, and rumours again circulated that Trudeau could run to become his successor. On this occasion, Trudeau said, "I don't feel I should be closing off any options," but added, "because of the history packaged into my name, a lot of people are turning to me in a way that [...] to be blunt, concerns me."[48] Weeks after the election Toronto MP Bob Rae was selected to serve as the interim leader until the party's leadership convention, which was later decided to be held in April 2013. Rae appointed Trudeau as the party's critic for Post Secondary Education, Youth and Amateur Sport.[49] Trudeau has been acknowledged as the "rock star" of the party, and since his re-election he has traveled the country hosting fundraisers for charities and the Liberal Party.[50][51][52][53]

Shortly after his re-election in 2011, Trudeau made comments that were construed by some to be supportive of the Quebec sovereignty movement, essentially saying that his loyalty to Canada would be contingent on whether the government lived up to his personal values. Many in the media said that Trudeau was taking his dislike of Stephen Harper's policies to an imprudent extreme: the Montreal Gazette said Trudeau was indulging in demagogy for saying that the Harper government would outlaw abortion and same-sex marriage, a theme common with the Liberal's "hidden agenda" narrative. The paper further noted that these were things Harper repeatedly said he would never do, and that Trudeau's comments "crossed a line."[54]

During March of 2012 Trudeau took part in a charity boxing match on behalf of "Fight for the Cure" with Conservative senator, Patrick Brazeau.[55] Trudeau won the fight in the third round, and the result was considered an upset.[55][56]

Leadership

2008 Trudeau promotional photo taken by Jean-Marc Carisse

After Dion's resignation as Liberal leader in 2008, Trudeau's name was mentioned as a potential candidate to succeed him, with polls showing him as a favourite among Canadians for the position.[57] However, he did not enter the race and Ignatieff was later acclaimed as leader in December 2008.[58] After the party's poor showing in the 2011 election, Ignatieff resigned from the leadership and Trudeau was again seen as a potential candidate to lead the party.[59] Following the election Trudeau said he was undecided about seeking the leadership and months later announced he would not seek the post because he had a young family.[60] When interim leader Rae, who was also seen as a frontrunner, announced he would not be entering the race in June 2012, Trudeau was hit with a "tsunami" of calls from supports to reconsider his earlier decision to not seek the leadership.[61] Opinion polling conducted by several pollsters showed that if Trudeau were to become leader the Liberal Party would surge in support, from a distant third place to either being competitive with the Conservative Party or leading them.[62][63] In July 2012, Trudeau stated that he would reconsider his earlier decision to not seek the leadership and would announce his final decision at the end of the summer.[64]

2013 leadership election

See also: Liberal Party of Canada leadership election, 2013

On September 26, 2012, multiple media outlets started reporting that Trudeau would launch his leadership bid the following week.[65][66] While Trudeau is seen as a frontrunner for the leadership of the Liberal Party, he has been criticized for his perceived lack of substance.[67][68] During his time as a Member of Parliament he has spoken little on policy matters and it is not known where he stands on many issues such as the economy and foreign affairs.[69][70] Some strategists and pundits believed the leadership is the time for Trudeau to be tested on these issues, however there was also fear within the party that his celebrity status and large lead may deter other strong candidates from entering the leadership race.[71][72][73]

On October 2, 2012, Trudeau held a rally in Montreal to launch his bid for the leadership of the Liberal Party.[74] The core people on his campaign team are considered longtime friends, and all in their 30s and 40s. His senior advisor is Gerald Butts, the former President of WWF-Canada who previously served as principal secretary to ex-Ontario premier Dalton McGuinty. Other senior aides include campaign manager Katie Telford, and policy advisors Mike McNeir and Robert Asselin, who have all worked for recent Liberal Party leaders.[75] His brother Alexandre also took a break from his documentary work to be a senior advisor on Trudeau's campaign.[76]

Fellow leadership candidate Marc Garneau, seen by some as Trudeau's top opponent, argued that Trudeau has not released enough substantial policy positions to be elected leader, and called on him to release more detailed policies before members and supporters begin to vote.[77] Garneau later challenged Trudeau to a one-on-one debate. Garneau said that if Trudeau could not defend his ideas in a debate against him, he wouldn’t be able to do so against Prime Minister Stephen Harper.[78] On March 13, 2013, Garneau dropped out of the leader race, saying that polling conducted by his campaign shows that he cannot beat Trudeau.[79] With Garneau's exit, fellow MP Joyce Murray was thought to be in second place behind Trudeau.[80][81] On March 26 Murray claimed to possibly have a greater number of registered supporters than Trudeau.[82] Similar numbers of supporters and members of the party may have registered to vote.[83]

Controversy

During the November 2012 by-elections, Sun Media reported on comments Trudeau had made in a 2010 interview with Télé-Québec, in which he said "Canada isn't doing well right now because it's Albertans who control our community and socio-democratic agenda."[84] The following day, Trudeau apologized, saying he was wrong to use "Alberta" as "shorthand" in referring to Stephen Harper's government.[85]

Despite the outburst, Trudeau agrees more with Alberta provincial government policy than other candidates in the Liberal Party of Canada leadership election, 2013. Trudeau, alone among the Liberal leadership candidates, endorsed the Chinese Nexen takeover of a major Canadian oil company. [1] Like NDP leader Thomas Mulcair, Trudeau claims to oppose Enbridge Northern Gateway and favour the use of the existing Line 9 gas pipeline, similar to the failed ExxonMobil lines in Arkansas, to transport diluted bitumen to St. John, New Brunswick. Unlike Mulcair, Trudeau openly supports the Kinder Morgan Trans Mountain and TransCanada Keystone XL diluted bitumen pipeline and export projects. He criticized NDP leader Thomas Mulcair for openly opposing Keystone in Washington [2] . All these pipeline projects terminate at ports and the export of high-carbon heavy crude is their primary purpose, making them seemingly incompatible with the strong positions on climate change that Trudeau has been reputed to hold or believe.

In March of 2013, during his leadership campaign, Trudeau made a rare gesture of evoking his father's memory by repeating the phrase "Just watch me", made iconic by his father as Prime Minister during the October Crisis in 1970, just prior to invoking the War Measures Act. It was in answer to a fellow airplane passenger's question in a handwritten note, asking Trudeau if he could beat Conservative Prime Minister Stephen Harper. The comment sparked mixed reaction on social media and from several commentators, some of whom saw the quote as a politically sensitive and risky one in Quebec. [86]

Electoral record

Template:Canadian federal election, 2011/Electoral District/Papineau (electoral district) Template:Canadian federal election, 2008/Electoral District/Papineau (electoral district)

References

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  2. ^ "Welcome, Justin Trudeau". St. Petersburg Times. December 31, 1971. Retrieved March 2, 2013.
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  4. ^ "SINCLAIR, The Hon. James, P.C." Parliament of Canada. Retrieved March 2, 2013.
  5. ^ Elin Woodger; David F. Burg (March 2006). The 1980s. Infobase Publishing. p. 414. ISBN 978-0-8160-5809-9. Retrieved May 27, 2011.
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  10. ^ : Justin Trudeau's eulogy, Canadian Broadcasting Corporation; "Text of the eulogy given by Justin Trudeau at his father's funeral Tuesday," Canadian Press, October 3, 2000, 14:52; Francine Dube, "Son's eulogy moves thousands to tears: 'It's all up to us': Dignitaries, citizens pay last respects to former PM," National Post, October 4, 2000, A01; Andre Picard and Mark Mickleburgh, "'Je t'aime, papa' THE SON: The very private Justin becomes a very public figure," Globe and Mail, October 4, 2000, A1; Graham Fraser, "Trudeau children lead our farewell --- Justin's eulogy a towering tribute at father's funeral," Toronto Star, October 4, 2000, p. 1.
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  83. ^ http://www.torontosun.com/2013/03/27/anti-harper-campaigners-set-to-influence-liberal-vote
  84. ^ Posted: 22 Nov 2012 7:02 PM ET (November 22, 2012). "Sun commentary on Télé-Québec interview". Cbc.ca. Retrieved January 2, 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  85. ^ Ian Bailey (November 23, 2012). "Globe reports on Trudeau apology". Theglobeandmail.com. Retrieved January 2, 2013.
  86. ^ Andy Radia (March 20, 2013). "Justin Trudeau writes 'Just watch me' when asked if he can beat Stephen Harper". Yahoo News. Retrieved March 20, 2013.
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