List of sovereign states in 1991

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Sovereign states by year
List of sovereign states in 1990 Events of 1991 List of sovereign states in 1992

Internationally recognized sovereign states

A

  • Afghanistan Afghanistan - Republic of Afghanistan, UN member State
  • Albania  Albania
  •  Algeria – People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, UN member State
  •  Andorra – Principality of Andorra
  • Angola Angola – People's Republic of Angola, UN member State
  •  Antigua and Barbuda – UN member State
  •  Argentina – Argentine Republic, UN member State
  • Armenia Armenia
    • Republic of Armenia (to 23 September, De facto independent sovereign entity, Republic within the Soviet Union)
    • Republic of Armenia (from 23 September, De facto independent state, Republic within the Soviet Union to 26 December)
  •  Australia – Commonwealth of Australia, UN member State
  •  Austria – Republic of Austria, UN member State
  • Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic Azerbaijan Azerbaijan
    • Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic (to 5 February, De facto independent sovereign entity, Republic within the Soviet Union)
    • Republic of Azerbaijan (from 5 February, De facto independent sovereign entity to 30 August, Republic within the Soviet Union)
    • Republic of Azerbaijan (from August, de facto independent state, Republic within the Soviet Union to 26 December)

B

  •  The Bahamas – Commonwealth of the Bahamas, UN member State
  • Bahrain Bahrain – State of Bahrain, UN member State
  •  Bangladesh – People's Republic of Bangladesh, UN member State
  •  Barbados – UN member State
  •  Belgium – Kingdom of Belgium, UN member State
  •  Belize – UN member State
  •  Benin - Republic of Benin, UN member State
  •  Bhutan – Kingdom of Bhutan, UN member State
  •  Bolivia – Republic of Bolivia, UN member State
  •  Bophuthatswana – Republic of Bophuthatswana (nominally independent South African bantustan)
  •  Botswana – Republic of Botswana, UN member State
  •  Bougainville – Republic of Bougainville (de facto independent state)
  •  Brazil – Federative Republic of Brazil, UN member State
  •  Brunei – State of Brunei, Abode of Peace, UN member State
  •  Bulgaria - Republic of Bulgaria, UN member State
  •  Burkina Faso - UN member State

Burma → Myanmar

  •  Burundi - Republic of Burundi, UN member State
  • Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic Belarus Byelorussia / Belarus
    • Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, UN member State (to 25 August, De facto independent sovereign entity, Republic within the Soviet Union)
    • Republic of Belarus (from 25 August, de facto independent state, Republic within the Soviet Union to 26 December), UN member State

C

Congo, Democratic Republic of the → Zaire

Côte d'Ivoire → Ivory Coast

  •  Croatia – Republic of Croatia (from 25 June, de facto independent state)
  •  Cuba – Republic of Cuba, UN member State
  •  Cyprus – Republic of Cyprus, UN member State
  • Czechoslovakia Czechoslovakia - Czech and Slovak Federative Republic, UN member State

D

E

F

  •  Fiji - Sovereign Democratic Republic of Fiji, UN member State
  •  Finland – Republic of Finland, UN member State
  •  France – French Republic, UN member State

G

  •  Gabon – Gabonese Republic, UN member State
  •  The Gambia – Republic of the Gambia, UN member State
  • Gagauzia – Gagauz Republic (De facto independent state from 19 August)
  • Georgia (country) Georgia
    • Republic of Georgia (to 9 April, De facto independent sovereign entity to 16 December, Republic within the Soviet Union)
    • Republic of Georgia (from 9 April, de facto independent state, Republic within the Soviet Union to 26 December)
  •  Germany - Federal Republic of Germany, UN member State
  •  Ghana – Republic of Ghana, UN member State
  •  Greece – Hellenic Republic, UN member State
  •  Grenada - UN member State
  •  Guatemala – Republic of Guatemala, UN member State
  •  Guinea – Republic of Guinea, UN member State
  •  Guinea-Bissau – Republic of Guinea-Bissau, UN member State
  •  Guyana – Co-operative Republic of Guyana, UN member State

H

  •  Haiti – Republic of Haiti, UN member State

Holy See → Vatican City

  •  Honduras – Republic of Honduras, UN member State
  •  Hungary – Republic of Hungary, UN member State

I

  •  Iceland – Republic of Iceland, UN member State
  •  India – Republic of India, UN member State
  •  Indonesia – Republic of Indonesia, UN member State
  •  Iran – Islamic Republic of Iran, UN member State
  • Iraq Iraq Iraq - Republic of Iraq, UN member State
  •  Ireland – Republic of Ireland, UN member State
  •  Israel – State of Israel, UN member State (wasn't recognized by 21 UN member States)
  •  Italy – Italian Republic, UN member State
  •  Ivory Coast – Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, UN member State

J

  •  Jamaica - UN member State
  •  Japan - UN member State
  •  Jordan – Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, UN member State

K

  • Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic Kazakhstan
    • Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic (to 10 December, De facto independent sovereign entity, Republic within the Soviet Union)
    • Republic of Kazakhstan (from 10 December, De facto independent sovereign entity to 16 December, Republic within the Soviet Union)
    • Republic of Kazakhstan (from 16 December, de facto independent state, Republic within the Soviet Union to 26 December)
  •  Kenya – Republic of Kenya, UN member State
  •  Kiribati – Republic of Kiribati
  • Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic Kirghizia / Kyrgyzstan
    • Republic of Kyrgyzstan (to 31 August, De facto independent sovereign entity to 16 December, Republic within the Soviet Union)
    • Republic of Kyrgyzstan (from 16 December, de facto independent state, Republic within the Soviet Union to 26 December)
  • North Korea North Korea – Democratic People's Republic of Korea, UN member state from 17 September (wasn't recognized by 4 UN member States)
  • South Korea South Korea – Republic of Korea, UN member state from 17 September (wasn't recognized by 2 UN member States at greatest extent)
  •  Kuwait – State of Kuwait (from 27 February), UN member State

L

  •  Laos – Lao People's Democratic Republic, UN member State
  • Latvia Latvia
    • Republic of Latvia (to 21 August, (De facto independent sovereign entity, Republic within the Soviet Union)
    • Republic of Latvia (from 21 August, de facto independent state, Republic within the Soviet Union to 6 September), UN member State from 17 September
  •  Lebanon – Lebanese Republic, UN member State
  •  Lesotho – Kingdom of Lesotho, UN member State
  •  Liberia – Republic of Liberia, UN member State
  • Libya Libya – Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, UN member State
  •  Liechtenstein – Principality of Liechtenstein, UN member State
  • Lithuania Lithuania - Republic of Lithuania (De facto independent state, Republic within the Soviet Union to 6 September), UN member State from 17 September
  •  Luxembourg – Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, UN member State

M

  • Socialist Republic of Macedonia Macedonia - Republic of Macedonia (from 8 September, de facto independent state)
  • Madagascar Madagascar - Democratic Republic of Madagascar, UN member State
  •  Malawi – Republic of Malawi, UN member state
  •  Malaysia - UN member State
  •  Maldives – Republic of Maldives, UN member State
  •  Mali – Republic of Mali, UN member State
  •  Malta – Republic of Malta, UN member State
  •  Marshall Islands – Republic of the Marshall Islands (A state under Compact of Free Association with the United States), UN member State from 17 September
  •  Mauritania – Islamic Republic of Mauritania, UN member State
  • Mauritius Mauritius - UN member State
  •  Federated States of Micronesia (A state under Compact of Free Association with the United States), UN member State from 17 September
  •  Mexico – United Mexican States, UN member State
  • Moldova Moldavia / Moldova
    • Soviet Socialist Republic of Moldova (to 23 May, De facto independent sovereign entity, Republic within the Soviet Union)
    • Republic of Moldova (from 23 May, De facto independent sovereign entity to 27 August, Republic within the Soviet Union)
    • Republic of Moldova (from 27 August, de facto independent state, Republic within the Soviet Union to 26 December)
  •  Monaco – Principality of Monaco, Permanent observer at the UN
  •  Mongolia – Mongolian People's Republic, UN member State
  •  Morocco – Kingdom of Morocco, UN member State
  •  Mozambique - Republic of Mozambique, UN member State
  • Myanmar Myanmar – Union of Myanmar, UN member State

N

  •  Namibia – Republic of Namibia, UN member State
  •  Nauru – Republic of Nauru, UN member State
  • Nepal Nepal – Kingdom of Nepal, UN member State
  •  Netherlands – Kingdom of the Netherlands, UN member State
  •  New Zealand - UN member State
  •  Nicaragua – Republic of Nicaragua, UN member State
  •  Niger – Republic of Niger, UN member State
  •  Nigeria – Federal Republic of Nigeria, UN member State
  •  Niue (A state in free association with New Zealand)
  •  Northern Cyprus – Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (partially recognized de facto independent state)
  •  Norway – Kingdom of Norway, UN member State

O

  •  Oman – Sultanate of Oman, UN member State

P

  •  Pakistan – Islamic Republic of Pakistan, UN member state
  •  Palestine - State of Palestine (Disputed region consisting of three occupied territories: the West Bank, the Gaza Strip, and East Jerusalem)
  •  Panama – Republic of Panama, UN member State
  •  Papua New Guinea – Independent State of Papua New Guinea, UN member State
  •  Paraguay – Republic of Paraguay, UN member State
  •  Peru – Republic of Peru, UN member State
  •  Philippines – Republic of the Philippines, UN member State
  •  Poland – Republic of Poland, UN member State
  •  Portugal – Portuguese Republic, UN member state

Q

  •  Qatar – State of Qatar, UN member State

R

  •  Romania – UN member State
  • Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic Russia Russia
    • Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (to 12 December, De facto independent sovereign entity, Republic within the Soviet Union)
    • Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (from 12 December, De facto independent state, Republic within the Soviet Union to 26 December)
    • Russian Federation (from 26 December), UN member State
  •  Rwanda – Rwandese Republic, UN member state

S

Samoa → Western Samoa

 Somalia

  • Somali Democratic Republic (to 26 January), UN member State
  • Somali Republic (from 26 January to 18 November), UN member State
  • Somalia (from 18 November), UN member State
  •  Somaliland – Republic of Somaliland (De facto independent state from 18 May)
  •  South Africa – Republic of South Africa, UN member State
  •  Soviet Union – Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (to 26 December), UN member State
  •  Spain – Kingdom of Spain, UN member State
  •  Sri Lanka – Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, UN member State
  •  Sudan – Republic of the Sudan, UN member State
  •  Suriname – Republic of Suriname, UN member State
  •  Swaziland – Kingdom of Swaziland, UN member State
  •  Sweden – Kingdom of Sweden, UN member State
  •   Switzerland – Swiss Confederation, Permanent observer at UN
  •  Syria – Syrian Arab Republic, UN member State

T

Taiwan → China, Republic of

  • Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic Tajikistan
    • Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic (to 31 August, De facto independent sovereign entity, Republic within the Soviet Union)
    • Republic of Tajikstan (from 31 August, De facto independent sovereign entity to 9 September, Republic within the Soviet Union)
    • Republic ofTajikstan (from 9 September, de facto independent state, Republic within the Soviet Union to 26 December)
  •  Tamil Eelam (unrecognized de facto self-governing entity)
  •  Tanzania – United Republic of Tanzania, UN member State
  •  Thailand – Kingdom of Thailand, UN member State
  •  Togo – Togolese Republic, UN member State
  •  Tonga – Kingdom of Tonga, UN member State
  •  Transkei – Republic of Transkei (nominally independent South African bantustan)
  •  Transnistria
    • Transnistrian Moldovan Soviet Socialist Republic (from 25 August to 5 November, de facto independent state)
    • Transnistrian Moldovan Republic (from 5 November, de facto independent state)
  •  Trinidad and Tobago – Republic of Trinidad and Tobago, UN member State
  •  Tunisia – Tunisian Republic, UN member State
  •  Turkey – Republic of Turkey, UN member State
  • Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic Turkmenistan
    • Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic (to 27 October, De facto independent sovereign entity, Republic within the Soviet Union)
    • Turkmenistan (from 27 October, de facto independent state, Republic within the Soviet Union to 26 December)
  • Tuvalu

U

  •  Uganda – Republic of Uganda, UN member State
  • Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic Ukraine Ukraine
    • Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, UN member State (to 24 August, De facto independent sovereign entity, Republic within the Soviet Union until 24 August)
    • Ukraine, UN Member State (from 24 August, de facto independent state, Republic within the Soviet Union to 26 December), UN member State
  •  United Arab Emirates - UN member State
  •  United Kingdom – United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, UN member State
  •  United States – United States of America, UN member State
  •  Uruguay – Eastern Republic of Uruguay, UN member State

USSR → Soviet Union

  • Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic Uzbekistan Uzbekistan
    • Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic (to 31 August, De facto independent sovereign entity, Republic within the Soviet Union)
    • Republic of Uzbekistan (from 31 August, de facto independent state, Republic within the Soviet Union to 26 December)

V

W

  •  Western Samoa - Independent State of Western Samoa, UN member State

Y

  •  Yemen – Republic of Yemen, UN member State
  •  Yugoslavia – Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, UN member State

Z

  •  Zaire - Republic of Zaire, UN member State
  • Zambia - Republic of Zambia, UN member State
  •  Zimbabwe – Republic of Zimbabwe, UN member State

Non-sovereign territories

Australia

Denmark

Finland

  • Åland Åland (Neutral and demilitarised region)

France

Greece

Netherlands

New Zealand

Norway

Portugal

United Kingdom

United States

Other states

  •  Antarctica as a whole had no government and no permanent population. Seven states claimed portions of Antarctica and five of these had reciprocally recognised one another's claims.[1] These claims, which were regulated by the Antarctic Treaty System, were neither recognised nor disputed by any other signatory state.[2]
  •  Estonia was a part of the Soviet Union until this year, but its annexation was not widely recognized. A government in exile claimed independence for Estonia, but aside from its embassies in the West it controlled no territory.
  •  Latvia was a part of the Soviet Union until this year, but its annexation was not widely recognized. A government in exile claimed independence for Latvia, but aside from its embassies in the West it controlled no territory.
  • Sovereign Military Order of Malta The Sovereign Military Order of Malta was an entity claiming sovereignty. The order had bi-lateral diplomatic relations with a large number of states, but had no territory other than extraterritorial areas within Rome.[3] The order's Constitution stated: "The Order is a subject of international law and exercises sovereign functions." [4] Although the order frequently asserted its sovereignty, it did not claim to be a sovereign state. It lacked a defined territory. Since all its members were citizens of other states, almost all of them lived in their native countries, and those who resided in the order's extraterritorial properties in Rome did so only in connection with their official duties, the order lacked the characteristic of having a territory or.

References

  1. ^ Rogan-Finnemore, Michelle (2005), "What Bioprospecting Means for Antarctica and the Southern Ocean", in Von Tigerstrom, Barbara (ed.), International Law Issues in the South Pacific, Ashgate Publishing, p. 204, ISBN 0-7546-4419-7 "Australia, New Zealand, France, Norway and the United Kingdom reciprocally recognize the validity of each other's claims."
  2. ^ CIA – the World Factbook – Antarctica – accessed 19 January 2008
  3. ^ Bilateral relations with countries, Retrieved 2011-12-22
  4. ^ Chapter General of the Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of St. John of Jerusalem of Rhodes and of Malta (1998-01-12). Constitutional Charter and Code of the Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of St. John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes, and of Malta, promulgated 27 June 1961, revised by the Extraordinary Chapter General 28–30 April 1997, Article 3 "Sovereignty," Paragraph 1 (PDF). Rome: Tipografia Arte della Stampa. p. 11. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
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