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The Rainbow Honor Walk (RHW) is a walk of fame installation in San Francisco, California to honor notable lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) individuals from around the world “who left a lasting mark on society.”[1][2] Its bronze plaques honor LGBTQ individuals who "made significant contributions in their fields".[3] The plaques mark a walk located within the business district of the Castro neighborhood, which for decades has been the city's center of LGBTQ activism and culture.[1][4]

The project was founded by David Perry to honor LGBTQ pioneers, who are considered to have laid the groundwork for LGBTQ rights, and to teach future generations about them.[5][1] The sidewalk installations are planned to extend from the Harvey Milk Civil Rights Academy at 19th Street & Collingwood, to proceed along Castro Street to its intersection with Market Street, and follow Market to the San Francisco LGBTQ Community Center at Octavia Boulevard; additionally the Walk will branch out in both directions at 18th Street and Castro.[6] The RHW eventually could number up to 500 honorees.[7] The first round of twenty plaques was installed in 2014, a second round of twenty-four was completed in 2019.

A separate sidewalk installation, the Castro Street History Walk, is a series of twenty historical fact plaques about the neighborhood—ten from pre-1776 to the 1960s before the Castro became known as a gay neighborhood, and ten “significant events associated with the queer community in the Castro”—contained within the 400 and 500 blocks of the street between 19th and Market streets.[8]

History

In the late 1980s David Perry, “whose public relations firm has handled everything from the Olympic Torch Relay in 2008 and the 2016 Super Bowl 50 Committee,” and a gay man, had an epiphany while walking past the Castro Theater in San Francisco’s Castro district, the cultural center of the city’s LGBTQ communities for decades;[9] and his home since 1986.[10] The neighborhood was one of the country’s epicenters during the height of the HIV/AIDS pandemic before the AIDS cocktail in the 1990s; and during the city’s response to slow the impact on the gay male community. Perry said,

"I was very cognizant of the fact we were losing a generation of people. And I was thinking: What happens if there's no one here to tell our story? We need to memorialize our history, because if we don't, nobody else will. Or they'll tell it in the wrong way."[9]

The Bay Area Reporter noted five of the inaugural twenty: Keith Haring, activist George Choy, Sylvester, Randy Shilts, and Tom Waddell; all died from AIDS.[11] Perry envisioned a Hollywood Walk of Fame but for LGBTQ people to reach future generations.[9] Gayle Rubin, a “scholar of San Francisco LGBTQ history and professor of anthropology and women’s studies at the University of Michigan” stated, “Marginal groups and those who are disrespected for various reasons tend to not have their accomplishments recognized in public landmarks.”[12] The RHW could eventually include 500 honorees.[7]

In 1994 Perry proposed the LGBTQ walk of fame to the San Francisco Board of Supervisors and LGBTQ community leaders including the Castro Business District (CBD), all approved the concept.[13] The CBD would later serve as the fiscal sponsor until the RHW was an independent charity.[14] Because of the more urgent needs related to the HIV/AIDS pandemic in San Francisco, the project and its fundraising goals were put on hold.[15] Separately in 2009, Isak Lindenauer, a poet, writer, Castro business-owner and resident since the 1980s, had a similar vision; then-city Supervisor Bevan Dufty connected the two,[16] so they joined efforts.[17][18] Lindenauer coined Rainbow Honor Walk;[11] and used a mockup showing the name surrounded by rainbow motif mosaic tiles.[19] Supervisor Bevan Dufty authored city legislation for the project in 2010,[20] although most of the details including design, and scope had yet to be worked out.[21]

The RHW has been approved to extend from the Harvey Milk Civil Rights Academy at 19th Street & Collingwood, to proceed along Castro Street (the 400 and 500 blocks) to its intersection with Market Street, and follow Market to the San Francisco LGBTQ Community Center at Octavia Boulevard; additionally the RHW will branch out in both directions where 18th Street intersects Castro street.[6][22]

In 2009, Perry and other community advocates co-founded the RHW, an all-volunteer, non-profit organization to manage the process of identifying and documenting about twenty honorees each round, and to gain funding for commissioning plaques and their installation.[13] Perry has served as the board chair until stepping down in 2019, although he’ll remain as an unpaid consultant to the project.[9] Anyone can nominate potential honorees, the inaugural round had more than 150 people suggested.[9][17] In 2011 the non-profit announced the inaugural twenty honorees, whose plaques were installed in 2014.[6]

Kathy Amendola, owner of Cruisin’ the Castro Walking Tours, the city’s “first and only Legacy Business Tour Company”,[23] and the first female RHW board member, noted the diversity of the honorees; and said it was a part of the RHW’s mission: to “present multi-sexual, multi-gender and multi-cultural spectrum of human history.”[24] The tour company added routes based on the RHW.[24]

RHW board

The ten-plus member RHW board of directors oversees all aspects of the project.[9] In addition to selecting the honorees, they direct the planning, fundraising, and execution of producing and placing the permanent bronze plaques.[9] One RHW board member, Benjamin Leong, was already an LGBTQ activist when Perry and Lindenauer recruited him in July 2011, “The project grabbed my interest and attention because it is important to know ones history and this project serves to educate and honor the LGBTQ heroes and heroines of the past and present.”[14][a]

Among the fundraising efforts was a sale of local artist Beth Van Hoesen’s paintings, including of drag queens she met in the Castro: The Widow Norton, whose included in the RHW; and The Sisters of Perpetual Indulgence.[37]

Design competition for plaques

In 2012 the RHW board held a no-fee, international design competition, led by Anthony Turney, for the plaques, three foot by three foot in size to match the existing sidewalk.[6][38][14] Each plaque will contain: the honoree's name; birth and death dates; their signature, and a brief description of contributions.[22] A LGBTQ historian drafts the likely final text which is also vetted by the GLBT Historical Society.[2]

An independent blind jury of "curators from San Francisco's leading cultural institutions", LGBTQ community leaders, and a representative of San Francisco Arts Commission's (SFAC) Civic Design Committee determined four finalists.[38][11] Tom DeCaigny, Director of Cultural Affairs for the SFAC, said

"The Rainbow Honor Walk will not only be an inspiring educational tool for future generations, but an important, ongoing and permanent part of San Francisco's cultural landscape."[38]

The RHW board chose a design by architect Carlos Casuso of Madrid, Spain, who was given a $1000 honorarium.[6][38] The design proposed a bronze plaque cut into quarters, with each honoree's photo "digitally treated so it can be easily engraved in the bronze".[39] The engraved image fills the entirety of the plaque, while "one quarter is reserved for the honoree's biographical information".[39] The contest was overseen,[14] and design reviewed by the SFAC—which must approve all structures built on public property—and the Department of Public Works.[39] The images are acid etched in the bronze plaque which is an inch thick.[40] About a dozen images from the finished inaugural group can be seen on this article.

The finished pieces are treated with a slip-resistant coating, which is also protective from shoe scuffing, and the plaques are bolted to the concrete.[2][40] The protective coating is re-applied every five years.[2] The city administers ongoing maintenance in partnership with the RHW, while insurance costs are built into the fundraising for each round of plaques.[2][14] Additionally the “composition, make, and design of the plaques have been carefully evaluated to ensure endurance and durability”; plus they are extremely heavy so theft would entail industrial equipment.[14]

Mussi Artworks Foundry, a foundry in Berkeley, California, manufactures the plaques.[6] The process was overseen by Lawrence Noble, head of the sculpture department at SF Academy of Art University.[41] The initial per-plaque cost was around $5,600 including production and insurance;[14] for the second round the cost is about $7000 each.

Inaugural round of honorees (2014)

The inaugural round of twenty honorees includes: Jane Addams, James Baldwin, George Choy, Federico Garcia Lorca, Allen Ginsberg, Keith Haring, Harry Hay, Christine Jorgensen, Frida Kahlo, Del Martin, Yukio Mishima (nee Kimitake Hiraoka), Bayard Rustin, Randy Shilts, Gertrude Stein, Sylvester, Alan Turing, Tom Waddell, Oscar Wilde, Tennessee Williams, and Virginia Woolf.[6] Co-founder David Perry noted at the time,

“...it's not just educating about the past. It's educating about the present and the future. We still do not have equal rights.[40]

A conscious decision to not include Harvey Milk in the inaugural round was made as he already had a handful of places named after him;[42][b] as well as two historical markers outside his old camera shop on Castro Street.[47]

The installation was coordinated to be a part of the Castro Street Streetscape Project, an extensive $10 million reimagining of Castro Street’s 400 and 500 blocks: including the intersection with 18th Street;[4][8] and improvements to Jane Warner Plaza at Castro and 17th streets, the F Market & Wharves outbound terminus of the heritage streetcars.[48] The light-posts were updated with rainbow lighting, street-friendly trees— Ginkgos and King Palms—installed, sidewalk ‘throughways’ widened, rainbow crosswalks installed, and walks and streets repaved.[4][49]

Inaugural dedication

The plaques were unveiled September 2, 2014, and feature twenty "civil rights activists, writers, poets, artists, and musicians".[1] The opening ceremony took place at Harvey Milk Plaza, at the intersection of Castro and Market streets, with remarks from Perry and LGBTQ politicians.[11] Openly gay California Senator Mark Leno (D-San Francisco) said, "not unlike slaves, [our communities] have been denied our heroes and our history."[2] He added, "People who have changed the history of the course of our planet come from our community."[2]

The inaugural plaques were installed in alphabetical order starting at the plaza: following Castro to 19th street; 19th to Collingwood Street; and then on the other side of the street returning back.[11] The dedication proceeded to each plaque where LGBTQ leaders and RHW board members unveiled them in a cascading ceremony.[11]

The non-profit raised $100,000-$112,000 for the first round of plaques.[50][14] They each cost approximately $5,600-$6,000.[5][14] The funds came from private sources. Two Indiegogo online fundraisers for Sylvester, and Alan Turing each raised $10,000.[11] Additionally, thousands were raised by the sale of souvenirs at the Castro outlet of the Human Rights Campaign's Action Center.[6]

Two of the installed plaques were later seen to have typos: Oscar Wilde’s said he had a “bitting wit” rather than “biting wit”; and Christine Jorgensen’s spelled transgender without the “s”.[51] They were replaced by the manufacturer and both plaques with errors were to be auctioned: Wilde’s to raise funds for the RHW; Jorgensen’s to benefit the Transgender Law Center.[52] They were replaced a month later;[53] free of any costs.[2]

Second round of honorees (2016-2019)

There were 170 people nominated for the second round of honorees.[9] In June 2016 the second round of honorees, twenty-four total, was announced including: Alvin Ailey, W. H. Auden, Josephine Baker, Gladys Bentley, Glenn Burke, Quentin Crisp, Divine, Marie Equi, Fereydoun Farrokhzad, Barbara Jordan, Kiyoshi Kuromiya, Audre Lorde, Leonard Matlovich, Freddie Mercury, Sally Ride, Sylvia Rivera, Vito Russo, José Sarria, Maurice Sendak, Rikki Streicher, Gerry Studds, Lou Sullivan, Chavela Vargas, and We'wha.[6] These plaques were estimated to total $120,000.[54] Their estimated cost per plaque was around $7000 each.[41]

The first eight plaques of this round were unveiled in June 2018; and installed, on both sides of Market Street between Castro and Noe streets, in November of that year.[54] On the north side of Market Street are the plaques for Fereydoun Farakzah, Barbara Jordan, Kiyoshi Kuromiya, and Sally Ride.[54] On the south side is Glenn Burke, Jose Sarria, Rikki Streicher, and We'Wha.[54] These cost $48,437, while the project has $31,000 raised for the next plaques.[54]

The second eight’s designs were unveiled at a June 2019 Pride month RHW fundraiser at Google which raised over $3300.[22] The plaques themselves were installed in August 2019 on Market Street between Castro and Noe streets including: Chavela Vargas, Marie Equi; Josephine Baker, Freddie Mercury; Alvin Ailey, W.H. Auden, Gerry Studds, and Lou Sullivan.[9][22]

The third group of this round includes: Gladys Bentley, Audre Lorde, Divine, Sylvia Rivera, Leonard Matlovich, Vito Russo, Quentin Crisp, and Maurice Sendak.[22] They are planned to be installed by October 11, 2019, the annual observance of National Coming Out Day.[22]

Third round of honorees (2020)

Perry confirmed the third round of honorees should be announced in 2020.[22]

Honorees

A

B

C

  • George Choy was a gay Asian-American LGBTQ and HIV/AIDS activist who fought for human rights for LGBTQ Asian and Pacific Islanders.[74] He grew up in San Francisco's Chinatown, where he witnessed the minority's struggles for rights.[74] He "came out" after high school and became an early member of San Francisco's Gay Asian Pacific Alliance.[74] In the spring of 1990, Choy led GAPA's Project 10 effort to get approval for paid counseling for San Francisco's LGBTQ public school students; despite the claims that no Asian queer people existed, it passed.[74] The next year he was GAPA's point person assisting a lawsuit against the city government of Tokyo, Japan, in order to gain approval for a queer group, OCCUR, to use its youth center. He organized supporting activities in both San Francisco and Tokyo, and also in Osaka.[74] Choy was a health worker and an activist with both GAPA and ACT-UP.[74] He is among the inaugural twenty honored In 2014.[50]

F

  • Fereydoun Farrokhzad was a gay Iranian singer, actor, poet, TV and radio host, writer, and political opposition figure.[75] He is best known for his variety TV show "Mikhak-e Noghrei" (The Silver Carnation). He was the brother of the acclaimed Persian poets Forough Farrokhzad and Pooran Farrokhzad. Farrokhzad was forced into exile after the Islamic Revolution in 1979, and after relocating to Germany was the victim of an unsolved murder. The murder is widely believed to be the work of the Islamic Republic government of Iran, as part of the chain murders in 1988–98.[76] Farrokhzad remains a significant Iranian cultural icon whose popular music and television programs continue to be circulated through various media platforms. His murder—a political assassination of a celebrity activist entertainer—is a well known and oft-cited event amongst Iranians. His plaque was installed on Market Street between Castro and Noe streets, in November 2018.[54]

G

H

  • Keith Haring was a gay American pop artist whose graffiti-like work developed from the New York City street culture of the 1980s: he addressed political and social themes—especially homosexuality and AIDS—through his own iconography and sexual allusions. He is among the inaugural twenty honored In 2014.[50]
  • Harry Hay is a gay American who was involved in some of the earliest gay rights organizations, including the Mattachine Society, the first sustained gay rights group in the United States. In addition, he co-founded the Radical Faeries, an international, loosely affiliated gay spiritual movement. He is among the inaugural twenty honored In 2014.[50]

J

K

M

R

S

T

W

  • Tom Waddell was a gay American athlete and competitor at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City, where he placed sixth in the decathlon. He broke five of his own personal records in the ten events. He became a physician. In 1982 he founded the Gay Olympics in San Francisco. The international sporting event was later renamed as the Gay Games after the United States Olympic Committee (USOC) sued Waddell for using the word "Olympic" in the original name. The Gay Games are held every four years. Waddell established his private medical practice in the Castro neighborhood of San Francisco in 1974. As a doctor, he also worked internationally, becoming the team physician for the Saudi Arabian Olympic team at the 1976 Montreal Olympics.[136] In the 1980s, Waddell was employed at the City Clinic in San Francisco's Civic Center area. After his death, it was renamed for him. He was among the inaugural twenty people honored in 2014.[50]
  • We’Wha was a Zuni Native American from New Mexico, and the most famous lhamana on record. In traditional Zuni culture, the lhamana are assigned-male-at-birth people who take on the social and ceremonial roles usually performed by cis women in their culture. They wear a mixture of women's and men's clothing and much of their work is in the areas usually occupied by Zuni women. They are also known to serve as mediators. Some contemporary lhamana participate in the pan-Indian two-spirit community. In 1886, We'wha was part of the Zuni delegation to Washington D.C., and hosted by anthropologist Matilda Coxe Stevenson, during that visit, We'wha met President Grover Cleveland. While We'wha is historically known mainly as a lhamana, We'wha was also a prominent cultural ambassador for Native Americans in general, and the Zuni in particular. During this era, We'wha came in contact with many European-American settlers, teachers, soldiers, missionaries, and anthropologists. In particular, We'wha's friendship with Matilda Coxe Stevenson would lead to much material on the Zuni being published. Stevenson wrote down her observations of We'wha, such as, "She performs masculine religious and judicial functions at the same time that she performs feminine duties, tending to laundry and the garden."[137] Her plaque was installed on Market Street between Castro and Noe streets, in November 2018.[54]
  • Oscar Wilde was a gay Anglo-Irish poet and playwright best remembered for his epigrams and plays, his novel The Picture of Dorian Gray, and the circumstances of imprisonment for homosexuality in England. He became known for his involvement in the rising philosophy of aestheticism. As a spokesman for aestheticism, he published a book of poems, and lectured in the United States and Canada on the new "English Renaissance in Art" and interior decoration. After his return to London, he published prolifically as a journalist. Known for his biting wit, flamboyant dress and glittering conversational skill, Wilde became one of the best-known public figures of his day. At the turn of the 1890s, he refined his ideas about the supremacy of art in a series of dialogues and essays, and incorporated themes of decadence, duplicity, and beauty into what would be his only novel, The Picture of Dorian Gray (1890). Wilde wrote and produced four society comedies in the early 1890s, becoming one of the most successful playwrights of late-Victorian London. He is among the inaugural twenty honored In 2014.[1][g]
  • Tennessee Williams was a gay American man known as a playwright considered among the foremost three of 20th-century American drama.[138][h] After years of obscurity, at age 33 he became famous with the success of his The Glass Menagerie(1944) on Broadway. He drew from his own family background for this play. It was the first of a string of successes, including A Streetcar Named Desire (1947), Cat on a Hot Tin Roof (1955), Sweet Bird of Youth (1959), and The Night of the Iguana (1961). Streetcar is often numbered on short lists of the finest American plays of the 20th century.[138] Much of his work has been adapted for the cinema. In 1979, Williams was inducted into the American Theater Hall of Fame.[139] He is among the inaugural twenty honored in 2014.[1]
  • Virginia Woolf was a bisexual English writer, considered one of the most important modernist 20th-century authors and a pioneer in the use of stream of consciousness as a narrative device.[140] Throughout her life, Woolf was troubled by mental illness, believed to have been bipolar disorder, for which there was no effective intervention during her lifetime. She married Leonard Woolf, with whom she set up a small printing press. She also had a sexual relationship with "the lovely gifted aristocratic [Vita] Sackville-West", a writer and gardener.{sfn|Todd|2001|loc=p.13}}[141] The relationship reached its peak between 1925 and 1928, evolving into more of a friendship through the 1930s.[142] Woolf was also inclined to brag of her affairs with other women within her intimate circle, such as Sibyl Colefax and Comtesse de Polignac.[143] Sackville-West transformed Wolf's view to see her writing as healing her symptoms. Her best-known works include the novels Mrs Dalloway (1925), To the Lighthouse (1927), and Orlando (1928), which features a gender-shifting protagonist. She is also known for her essays, including A Room of One's Own (1929), in which she wrote the much-quoted dictum, "A woman must have money and a room of her own if she is to write fiction." Woolf became one of the central subjects of the 1970s movement of feminist criticism, and her works have garnered much attention and widespread commentary for "inspiring feminism." She is among the inaugural twenty honored in 2014.[1]

Castro Street History Walk

A separate sidewalk installation, the Castro Street History Walk (CSHW), is a series of twenty historical fact plaques about the neighborhood—ten from pre-1776 to the 1960s before the Castro became known as a gay neighborhood, and ten “significant events associated with the queer community in the Castro”—contained within the 400 and 500 blocks of the street between 19th and Market streets.[8] They were installed at the same time as the inaugural twenty RHW plaques. The CSHW goes in chronological order starting at Harvey Milk Plaza at Market Street, up to 19th Street, and returning on the opposite side of Castro Street.[8] The $10,000 CSHW was paid for by the Castro Business District (CBD) which “convened a group of local residents and historians to work with Nicholas Perry, a planner and urban designer at the San Francisco Planning Department who worked on the sidewalk-widening project and lives in the Castro” to develop the facts.[144] Each fact was required to be about the neighborhood or the surrounding Eureka Valley.[8] The facts are limited to 230 characters, and were installed in pairs along with a single graphic reminiscent of the historic Castro Theater.[8]

Notes

  1. ^ As of August 2019, the RHW board includes:[25] Peter Goss,[6][26] Madeline Hancock,[6][27] Karen Helmuth,[6][27] Ben Leong,[6][28] Bill Lipsky,[6][29] board president and founder David Perry,[6][30] Joseph D. Robinson;[6][31] attorney and straight ally Charlotte Ruffner whose served since 2013;[22][32] Donna Sachet,[6][33] Gustavo Serina,[6][34] Barbara Tannenbaum,[6][35] and Tarita Thomas.[6][36]
  2. ^ The Harvey Milk Recreational Arts Center is headquarters for the drama and performing arts programs for the city's youth.[43] Douglass Elementary in the Castro District was renamed the Harvey Milk Civil Rights Academy in 1996;[44] and the Eureka Valley Branch of the San Francisco Public Library was renamed in his honor in 1981. It is located at 1 José Sarria Court, named for the first openly gay man to run for public office in the United States.[45] On what would have been Milk's 78th birthday, a bust of his likeness was unveiled in San Francisco City Hall at the top of the grand staircase. On June 2, 2008, a bust of Harvey Milk was accepted into the Civic Art Collection during a meeting of the Full Commission. Designed by the Eugene Daub, Firmin, Hendrickson Sculpture Group with Eugene Daub the principal sculptor. The work was unveiled during a gala party at San Francisco's City Hall on May 22, 2008, what would have been Milk's 78th birthday. Engraved in the pedestal is a quotation from one of the audiotapes Milk recorded in the event of his assassination, which he openly predicted several times before his death. "I ask for the movement to continue because my election gave young people out there hope. You gotta give 'em hope."[46]
  3. ^ Milk was described as a martyr by news outlets as early as 1979, by biographer Randy Shilts in 1982,[104] and University of San Francisco professor Peter Novak in 2003.[105][106][107]
  4. ^ after USSR cosmonauts Valentina Tereshkova (1963) and Svetlana Savitskaya (1982).
  5. ^ His original plaque had a typo so was replaced at no cost to the project.[5]
  6. ^ A number of sources state that Winston Churchill said that Turing made the single biggest contribution to Allied victory in the war against Nazi Germany. Both The Churchill Centre and Turing's biographer Andrew Hodges have said they know of no documentary evidence to support this claim, nor of the date or context in which Churchill supposedly said it. The Churchill Centre lists it among their Churchill 'Myths'.[133][134] A BBC News profile piece that repeated the Churchill claim has been amended to say there is no evidence for it.[135]
  7. ^ Wilde's original plaque had a typo noting his "biting" humor as "bitting"; the plaque was replaced by the manufacturer with the original auctioned off to raise more funds for the project.[5]
  8. ^ Along with contemporaries Eugene O'Neill and Arthur Miller,

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Shelter, Scott (March 14, 2016). "The Rainbow Honor Walk: San Francisco's LGBT Walk of Fame". Quirky Travel Guy. Retrieved 2019-07-28.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h Bajko, Matthew S. (September 7, 2014). "Castro Welcomes LGBT Walk of Fame". EDGE Media Network. Retrieved 2019-08-17. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  3. ^ Barmann, Jay (September 2, 2014). "Castro's Rainbow Honor Walk Dedicated Today". SFist. SFist. Retrieved August 15, 2019. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  4. ^ a b c "Castro Street Streetscape Improvement Project | Public Works". www.sfpublicworks.org. Retrieved 2019-08-16.
  5. ^ a b c d e f Finkelman, Paul (2009). Encyclopedia of African American History 1896 to the Present: From the Age of Segregation to the Twenty-First Century. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 59–61. ISBN 978-0-19-516779-5. Cite error: The named reference ":1" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Carnivele, Gary (July 2, 2016). "Second LGBT Honorees Selected for San Francisco's Rainbow Honor Walk". We The People. Retrieved 2019-08-12.
  7. ^ a b "New Rainbow Honor Walk for the Castro District Unveiled". www.mycastro.com. Retrieved 2019-08-16.
  8. ^ a b c d e f Feeley, Jennah (May 13, 2014). "Castro Street History Walk". Planet Castro. Retrieved 2019-08-16. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i Yollin, Patricia (August 6, 2019). "Tributes in Bronze: 8 More LGBT Heroes Join S.F.'s Rainbow Honor Walk". KQED: The California Report. Retrieved 2019-08-16. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  10. ^ Perry, David (January 23, 2014). "First Steps". San Francisco Bay Times. Retrieved 2019-08-17. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  11. ^ a b c d e f g Bajko, Matthew S. (August 27, 2014). "Castro LGBT history plaques to debut". The Bay Area Reporter. Retrieved 2019-08-16. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  12. ^ Paull, Laura (2017-06-30). "Memories of Leather: Public art sets in stone San Francisco's leather history". Medium. Retrieved 2019-08-16.
  13. ^ a b "David Perry Biography". Rainbow Honor Walk. Retrieved 2019-08-10. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  14. ^ a b c d e f g h i Bracco, Steve (August 29, 2014). "Interview with Rainbow Honor Walk Board Member Benjamin Leong". Castro Bubble. Retrieved 2019-08-17. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  15. ^ Andres (June 8, 2010). "Rainbow Honor Walk". David Perry & Associates. Retrieved 2019-08-13.
  16. ^ ELL, Kellie (March 28, 2011). "Rainbow Honor Walk Moves Closer to Becoming Reality". My Castro. Retrieved 2019-08-17. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  17. ^ a b "Rainbow Honor Walk Installation Honors 20 LGBT Leaders". The Next Family. September 3, 2014. Retrieved 2019-08-16. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  18. ^ Nawrocki, Jim (August 31, 2018). "Isak Lindenauer, Impresario of Antiques - The Gay & Lesbian Review". Retrieved 2019-08-17. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  19. ^ Hemmelgarn, Seth (March 11, 2009). "Castro resident proposes Rainbow Honor Walk". The Bay Area Reporter / B.A.R. Inc. Retrieved 2019-08-17. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  20. ^ Calvillo, Angela (March 25, 2010). "Resolution 89-10: Establishment of the Rainbow Honor Walk" (PDF). San Francisco Board of Supervisors. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  21. ^ Woodbury, J. Dean (April 2010). "Rainbow Honor Walk Takes Step Toward Becoming Neighborhood Reality". Castro Courier. Retrieved 2019-08-16. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  22. ^ a b c d e f g h Bajko, Matthew S. (June 5, 2019). "Castro to see more LGBT honor plaques". The Bay Area Reporter. Retrieved 2019-08-16. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  23. ^ "Cruisin' the Castro Walking Tours Honored as First San Francisco Legacy Business Tour Company". San Francisco Bay Times. 2019-07-10. Retrieved 2019-08-17.
  24. ^ a b Cassell, Heather (2014-09-08). "New Rainbow Honor Walk Honors Queer Women In Bronze | Girls That Roam". Girls That Roam: Women's Travel Features, Reviews, & News. Retrieved 2019-08-17.
  25. ^ "Board and Committees of the Rainbow Honor Walk". Rainbow Honor Walk. Retrieved August 15, 2019. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  26. ^ "Peter Goss Biography". Rainbow Honor Walk. Retrieved August 15, 2019. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  27. ^ a b Andres (October 30, 2015). "Rainbow Honor Walk Names New Board Members". David Perry & Associates. Retrieved 2019-08-13.
  28. ^ "Benjamin Leong Biography". Rainbow Honor Walk. Retrieved 2019-08-13.
  29. ^ "Bill Lipsky Biography". Rainbow Honor Walk. Retrieved 2019-08-13.
  30. ^ "David Perry Biography". Rainbow Honor Walk. Retrieved 2019-08-13.
  31. ^ "Joseph D. Robinson Biography". Rainbow Honor Walk. Retrieved 2019-08-13.
  32. ^ "Charlotte Ruffner Biography". Rainbow Honor Walk. Retrieved 2019-08-13.
  33. ^ "Donna Sachet Biography". Rainbow Honor Walk. Retrieved 2019-08-13.
  34. ^ "Gustavo Seriñá Biography". Rainbow Honor Walk. Retrieved 2019-08-13.
  35. ^ "Barbara Tannenbaum Biography". Rainbow Honor Walk. Retrieved 2019-08-13.
  36. ^ "Tarita Thomas Biography". Rainbow Honor Walk. Retrieved 2019-08-13.
  37. ^ Bajko, Matthew S. (December 16, 2013). "Artworks to Benefit History Project". EDGE Media Network. Bay Area Reporter. Retrieved 2019-08-16. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
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Sources

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